History of Morris County, New Jersey, Part 92

Author: Halsey, Edmund Drake, 1840-1896; Aikman, Robert; Axtell, Samuel Beach, 1809-1891; Brewster, James F; Green, R. S. (Rufus Smith), 1848-1925; Howell, Monroe; Kanouse, John L; Megie, Burtis C; Neighbour, James H; Stoddard, E. W. (Elijah Woodward), 1820-1913
Publication date: 1882
Publisher: New York : W.W. Munsell & co.
Number of Pages: 540

USA > New Jersey > Morris County > History of Morris County, New Jersey > Part 92

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" III. Both parties with respect to public worship shall have an equal right; in case both preachers should meet together, then alternately the one must wait till twelve o'clock on the service of the other.

"IV. For the good of both congregations none shall be permitted to preach but such as are under a regular church government.

" V. Whereas, we do not only concern ourselves for ourselves, but for our posterity also, it is our will and opinion that none of the parties shall or can sell their right in any way or manner.

" Acted the 4th day of February 1784, which is testi- fied to by Frederick Dalliker, V. D. M .; Henry Muhlen- berg jr., deputy rector of Zion's corporation; Wilhelm Welsch, Diedric Strubel, Conrad Rorick, Caspar Eick, Anthon Waldorf, Adam Lorenz, Philip Weise, Christo- pher Karn, Leonard Neighbour, Roulof Roulofson, John Schwackhammer, Andrew Flucky."

It was customary in those days and for some time afterward to help along public works by means of a bee, or gathering of the good folks of the vicinage, and thus save the contractor's bill. Perhaps all of the early school- houses and churches built in the township were com- menced in this manner; certainly several of them were. At all events there was a very lively bee on this occasion. To stimulate the energies of all it had been decreed that the horses of him who brought the first load should be decorated with flags and ribbons as a testimonial of high honor. There was much excitement on the sub-

prize. Judge David Welsh, who lived on the ground where David the fourth now resides, determined to try a little strategy. Accordingly, the evening before, he se- cretly loaded his wagon with stone and then concealed it through the night. In the morning he was up betimes, had his horses harnessed, and started for the ground be- fore sunrise. But he was none too early, for as he drove

Mr. Dalliker remained pastor of the church until 1782, when a call was given to Rev. Caspar Wack, who accepted it (probably in that year), after some objection on his part and insistance on the part of the congrega- tion. A call still extant is dated 1786, and is addressed to C. Wack " present preacher of the Valley and Fox Hill congregations." He perhaps did not labor at Rock- away till 1786.

Mr. Wack was the first young man born in America who entered the ministry of the German Reformed church, and he was the first man ever ordained by that church in this country. In connection with preaching he carried on the business of farming, on lands afterward included in the farms of John Swackhammer and John Creger. He taught a singing school, attended to the management of an oil-mill, conducted a fulling-mill, gave the instruction in a day school, baptized the infants, married the young, buried the aged, on Sundays preached to the congregations of German Valley, Fox Hill, Rock- away, Stillwater, Knowlton, and Sussex Court-house, and made money.

The following anecdotes are related of him: When he first came to the Valley the church services were con- ducted in German, a custom which he followed but for a time. A certain army officer happening in the neighbor- hood, and understanding that Mr. Wack preached in German, went to hear him on an occasion when his dis- course was in English; after which he made the remark that he never knew before that German was so like Eng- lish, and that he could understand a great deal of what Mr. Wack said. A Universalist preacher, once attempt- ing to dispute with him, affirmed that his doctrine was an old one-that it was preached in Paradise; meaning to claim that the promise that the seed of the woman should bruise the serpent's head was a proof of the doctrine of universal salvation. Mr. Wack replied: " Yes, your doc- trine was preached in Paradise, and the devil preached it; his text was ' Ye shall not surely die.' "

While Mr. Wack was on one of his long rides a young man asked and received permission to ride behind him on his horse. The young man was one whose life was a great way from the teachings both of law and gospel, and when he was seated on the parson's horse Mr. Wack gave him such an amount of wholesome admonition that he afterward declared it to be the hardest ride that he ever took.

387

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHES OF WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.

Mr. Wack remained in this charge twenty-seven years, during which time ninety-eight persons were confirmed as communicants. He left the Valley in 1809, after which the church was vacant four years.

The successor of Mr. Wack was Rev. Jacob R. Cast- ner, whose ministry lasted until 1820. He lived in a house which is still standing, though greatly enlarged- the house where Lawrence Hager lived and died. The ecclesiastical connection of the congregation had been with the German Reformed Synod of Pennsylvania until 1813, when it made application to the Presbytery of New Brunswick to be taken under its care; and beginning with the ministry of Mr. Castner it became the Presby- terian Church of German Valley. This was due largely to the fact that its previous connection had been with a body too far away for it to receive proper sympathy and care therefrom. Mr. Castner was a very urgent advocate of propriety in manners and life, and denounced with great vigor the very common sin of Sabbath-breaking, as well as other misdemeanors of a religious, or perhaps sacrilegious, nature, to which some of his parishioners were addicted. So stinging was his language in rebuk- ing sin and sinners that he gained quite a character for invective, which virtue, however, was not always de- scribed by that name, as witness the following:

One of his parishioners represented to him that he had several daughters, who were fair to look upon, and possessed moreover of such charms and virtues as to ex- cite the admiration of all the young men of the neigh- borhood. They accordingly had many suitors, but of course the fair damsels could not smile on all. As a consequence the rejected admirers were very angry, and were in the habit of venting their displeasure by unhang- ing the old gentleman's gates, stealing the bolts and linchpins out of his wagons, and committing many other depredations of a very annoying character. Mr. Castner expressed his sympathy for his friend, who had come to ask his assistance, but remarked that he did not exactly see how he could help him. "Vy," said the man, "you 'pints meetin' to my house. De boys will all come; dey wants to see de gals. Den, ven you gits 'em dare, you zhust give 'em von real goot blagarden. Dey say you's goot at it."

During Mr. Castner's pastorate the first Sabbath-school was organized in the township, in 1816. He served the three churches of German Valley, Fairmount and Ches- ter.

John C. Vandervoort was pastor from r820 to 1828. Mancius S. Hutton was pastor from 1828 to 1834. Dur- ing his pastorate the present church edifice was erected on a lot given by Lawrence Hager and Mr. Swackham- mer. It was then esteemed a marvel of beauty, and still holds a front rank among country churches for confort, neatness, and taste in furnishing. James Scott was pas- tor from 1834 to 1843, and was the first who had no other pastoral care than the church at German Valley. Robert G. Vermilye was pastor from 1843 to 1846, and James H. Mason Knox from 1846 to 1851. During his pastorate a parochial school was organized, by aid from

the board of education. This school has made a deep and lasting impression upon the moral as well as intellec- tual condition of the community. Garret Van Artsdalen was pastor from 1851 to 1854, and William R. Glen from 1868 to 1874. During Mr. Glen's pastorate the church edifice was enlarged and refurnished. A large colony was also sent out to form the Presbyterian church of Lower Valley.

Edward P. Lennel became pastor in 1874 and still re- mains in charge. To him we are indebted for the his- tory of the church from the close of Mr. Wack's pastor- ate.

The church has ever been noted for its Christian unity and its large-hearted support of its ministry, and has ever been influential for good in a large region of country.

THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH AT PLEASANT GROVE.

The stone church at Pleasant Grove was built between 1803 and 1807. It is possible that the latter year is the date of its completion, and that it was more than one year in course of construction. There is a tradition, however, to the effect that a log house of worship pre- ceded the erection of the stone church, both standing on the site where the present one is. The church com- munity was organized under the care of the Presbytery of New Brunswick, and the first pastor was the Rev. Dr. Joseph Campbell, who left the principalship of the pre- paratory school at Princeton to commence his labors at the Grove church in 1809. None of the early records of the church are preserved, and it is only from 1833 that the names of the officers, and other matters con- nected with the organization, can be learned. Dr. Campbell continued to minister to the church until Oc- tober 1830, and from that time until October 1833 there. seems to have been no settled pastor.

In 1833 the Rev. H. Whitefield Hunt jr. was installed as pastor. The elders at that time were Conrad Hon- ness, Samuel Stephens, Peter Lance, James Hance, John Lance and John Lindaberry. Mr. Hunt was a man of much ability and exercised a commanding influence in the community where he was called to labor. He was born at Sparta, in Sussex county, in 1799. He was pre- pared for college under Dr. Findley at Basking Ridge, and graduated from Princeton in 1820. He was converted in early life, and for a time previous to his college course assisted Rev. I. Tyler in his classical school at Trenton. After graduation he conducted the Trenton Academy. He was licensed as an evangelist previous to his gradua- tion from the Princeton seminary, and in 1823 made a missionary tour throughout the State of New York. He was ordained by the presbytery at Newton in 1823 as a colleague of his father in the church at Alexandria, where he remained until 1826. In May of that year he opened a classical school at Schooley's Mountain, which he continued for about five years. In 1831 he became a stated supply at Pleasant Grove, Danville and Stanhope, and he was installed as pastor at Pleasant Grove in 1832, and at the 2nd Mansfield in 1857, in both of which churches he continued until 1860. His pastorate at

388

HISTORY OF MORRIS COUNTY.

Pleasant Grove consequently continued twenty-eight years.

Mr. Hunt was succeeded in 1861 by the Rev. G. Lane, who remained but two years in charge of the church, and was in turn succeeded by the Rev. J. H. Clark (1863-69). Mr. Clark was fond of gardening and agri- cultural pursuits, and signalized his pastorate by .planting fine orchards of apple, pear and peach trees in the parsonage grounds; an industry of which his successors still reap the fruits.

The pastorate was filled from 1870 to 1872 by the Rev. M. Ayres Depue, and from 1872 to' 1876 by Rev. Samuel Sawyer. In the latter year the Rev. Burtis C. Megie, I). D., was installed.

Dr. Megie had previously been in charge of the church at Dover, during a period of thirty-eight years. His original progenitor in this country was John Megie, who came from Scotland to Perth Amboy in 1685. His son was Joseph. Joseph had sons, among whom were Joseph

The following figures show the number of communi- cants connected with the church since the year 1830: There were when Dr. Campbell left, in 1830, 83 commu- nicants; added during the pastorate of H. W. Hunt, 223; of G. Lane, 14; of Mr. Clark, 57; of Mr. Depue, 16; of Mr. Sawyer, 100; added up to 1879, 63; total, 556.

The present church edifice was built in 1857, and is a handsome and commodious frame structure. In the graveyard in which it is situated there are no stones of very great antiquity, but the cemetery is remarkable for the great length of days to which those who have been buried in it had attained. Perhaps a third of the stones mark the resting places of persons of over seventy years of age; several of those who rest beneath them reached the age of ninety years and upward, and one a hundred.

One monument in this inclosure, a plain slab of mar- ble, is remarkable for a daguerreotype fixed in it. It is the picture of Mrs. Hannah Louisa Dorland, wife of Rev. Jacob S. Harden, and who was poisoned by him in the most deliberate and cruel manner. The event, which occurred in 1859 (in another county, however), created intense excitement throughout all this portion of the State. Harden was hanged at Belvidere in 1860.

Rev. Dr. Spencer H. Cone, pastor of the First Bap- tist Church of New York city, is buried here.

THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF DRAKESTOWN.

The church edifice is located in Washington township, near the northwest boundary of Mount Olive. We can- not ascertain the exact period when the itinerant preach- ers first appeared in this neighborhood, or when the first society was organized, or the names or number of origi- nal members. For many years the meetings were held in the stone school house on the main road leading from Hackettstown to Flanders. The old building is still oc- cupied as a district school-house.

A list of the ministers appointed by the Philadelphia, New Jersey and New York annual conferences to preach at this place is as follows:

1811, David Bartine sen. and Manning Force; 1812, David Bartine sen. and Charles Read; 1813, Sylvester Hill and George Banghart; 1814, James Moore and Ben- jamin Collins; 1815. John Finley and Anthony Atwood; 1816-48, William Ogden, James Long, John K. Shaw, George F. Brown, Abraham Gearhart, Francis A. Mon- ell, William Wiggins, Warren C. Nelson, Curtis Talley, Edward Saunders, Joseph G. Chattle, Edmund Hance, Benjamin Kelly, George Winsor, Abraham Owen, Sam- uel Jacquett, Crooks S. Vancleve, William M. Bur- roughs, Josiah Canfield, T. T. Canfield, Caleb Lippen- cott, Swaim Thackaray, Robert Sutcliff; John S. Coit (appointed to the charge in 1854); John B. Heward, 1856, 1857; E. W. Adams, 1858, 1859; G. B. Jackson, 1860; William C. Nelson, 1861, 1862; John L. Hays, 1863, 1864; Richard Thomas, 1865, 1866; H. Trum- bower, 1867; S. P. Lacey, 1868, 1869; Thomas Raw- lings, 1870-72; J. H. Hartpence, 1873; S. K. Doolittle, 1874-76; G. F. Apgar, 1877-79; D. E. Frambes, 1880, 1881.

The membership at the present time is 90. The Sab- bath-school is in a prosperous, condition; Mr. Young

and Michael. Michael was the father of Rev Dr. David |is the superintendent. There is an average attendance Megie of Elizabeth, and grandfather of Judge William Megie, of Elizabeth, and Rev. Dr. David Megie of Pat- terson. Joseph was the father of Daniel H. Megie, of New York city, and grandfather of Rev. B. C. Megie, D. D., of Pleasant Grove, Rev. Daniel E. Megie, of Boonton, and Rev. William H. Megie, of Brooklyn. of about 50 scholars. The school is kept up through the year. There are about 250 volumes in the library. In 1855 the church was built, at a cost of about $2,000. In the course of a few years the steeple and bell were added, costing about $600. The board of trustees at the time the church was built consisted of William H. Anderson, Henry V. Anderson, John Bilby, Sylvanus Lawrence and John Smith jr. The present trustees are William McLean, Henry Wiley, John S. Wiley, Stewart Ayres, Jacob Wack and Jacob F. Force.

THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF SCHOOLEY'S MOUNTAIN.

The Presbyterian Church of Schooley's Mountain is at Schooley's Mountain Springs, the popular summer resort. It is a young organization, not large in numbers, but filling an important field. It has a commodious and elegant church edifice, and sustains a very efficient and prosperous Sabbath-school. For more than half a cen- tury there have been religious meetings sustained here, largely by the visitors at the hotels. A stone church was built in 1825 upon ground conveyed in trust to the trustees of Princeton Theological Sem- inary, and the present edifice was erected upon the same ground in 1870. There was, however, no distinct church organization here until March 17th. 1875, when the Presbytery of Morris and Orange constituted this as the Presbyterian Church of Schooley's Mountain. This action was the result of a remarkable revival which had occurred during the months preced- ing. Rev. Samuel Sawyer, then the settled pastor of the Presbyterian church of Pleasant Grove, had by invita- tion made this an outpost. Here for some years he had been preaching once on the Sabbath. Convinced that there was more than usual interest in this community, he began extra services here late in 1874. These continued and grew in interest until over seventy were converted. So large a harvest seemed to indicate the need of a gran- ary here-hence this church. The basis of organization was the reception of twenty-four members from sister churches, who were here constituted the Presbyterian Church of Schooley's Mountain. At the first communion forty-eight others united by profession of faith, and two by certificate, making in all seventy four persons. Dur- ing the six years that have since passed this church has maintained regular worship, both public and social.

APPENDIX.

FINANCIAL HISTORY-REFORMATORY INSTITUTIONS.

In December 1876 a movement was made to inquire into the necessity for so large county taxation. It resulted in an investigation and reports, from which we take the fol- lowing account and analysis of county expenditures and taxation for 25 years, signed by John L. Kanouse, David W. Dellicker, William Hillard, George E. Righter and B. C. Guerin, executive committee of the Taxpayers' Asso- ciation:

taxes have swelled so much that they have become oner- ous, and the people throughout the State are anxious for relief. We have organized in this county an association of tax-payers, for the purpose of obtaining such relief and guarding against a needless and extravagant expen- diture of public money both in State and county. Within ten years past there has been a rapid and alarm- ing increase in our county expenses, and people are won- dering where the money goes. All interested and desir- ing to know the cause would do well to give the items embraced in the following tabular statements a careful

Since the close of the late war our State and county | investigation:

Amount expended

No. of paupers, in-

cluding harmless

lunatics, at coun-

Cash paid for sup-

port of paupers

at county house.

indigent lunatics

at the State -asy-

Cash paid for sup-

and indigent lu-

produce of poor-

surplus revenue

Total of cash ex-

port of paupers

freeholders ser-

building and re-

Amount paid free-

for attending an-

nual and quarter-

Amount paid to ho-

for freeholders.

Paid the clerk of

Paid attorney of

the board of free-

county collector.

of the county.

County tax raised

for current ex- penses.

1850 ..

$3,218 77

199 $5,714 45

8 $1,051 97 $3,011 38

$6,766 42

$891 05 239 41

$45 00 $10 00 $25 00

$253 33

$15.198 87 $15,000 00

1851

2,011 71

270

5,273 19

1.057 14 R

3,777 25

6,330 33

438 16

47 00 20 50

14 00 22 00

25 00

253 33

15,461 60

16,000 00

1853.

2,221 32

5,573 61

512 71

6,086 32

292 74

253 33

16,913 80

16,000 00

1854

4,232 58

6,775 59

978 34

4,226 95

7,753 93

826 06

1855

3,821 651

5,130 76

861 47

4,105 17

5,992 23

597 13

290 00

21,982 33

23,000 00

1856.

3,952 40}

1,406 48

3,979 79

7,709 89

23 50

26 00

25 00

16 00

23 00

30 25

53 00

25 00

455 29

28,943 79

26,000 00

1865.

7,601 79

5,455 82

2,872 36

8,328 18

892 60

1866.

14,399 44

7,598 34

3,436 40

11,034 74

1,508 07

1868.

22,617 42

9,870 80

4.379 43

14,250 23

2,544 02

1869.

23.329 301

6.742 90

4,898 80

11,641 70

1,779 40

267 00 60 00 300 00 100 00

170 50 120 25 250 00 100 0)

230 00 93 00 250 00 100 00 1,055 12

83,062 34

85,000 00

1872.

27,095 00|

8,200 00

4,960 50

7,885 63

13,160 50

3,012 80

188 00 135 00 250 00 100 00

1,067 46

70,988 80)

70,000 00

1873.

18,088 62

9,161 26

4,332 28

5,537 20

13,493 54

2,640 48

261 50 167 00 250 00 100 00 1,243 73

66,957 81

75,000 00

1874

29,436 60

7,912 00

26 5,576 57

5.408 70

13,488 57

2.593 59

350 00 109 00 250 00 100 00 1,000 00

1875.

28,290 17

11,087 49

27 5,051 59

6,503 58|

16,139 08

3,211 49

288 50 158 00 250 00 100 00

1,000 00

87,427 87

75,000 00

1876 (for 34 of yr.). 20,968 74/

6,300 00:

35 4,624 47

6,302 70 10,924 47

2,289 87

232 00 132 00 250 00 100 00 1,000 00

90,000 00

COST OF CRIME AND LITIGATION.

Expense of board- ing prisoners.

$617 94

$241 00

$2,131 00

$584 25

$832 98

$329 32

$4,077 85

1851.

485 77

239 00

2,166 00

498 00

848 24

4,237 01

1852.

989 36

245 00

1,113 75

400 00

448 06

709 55

2,486 62

1853.

904 38

300 00

1,618 00

376 00

774 42

140 00

3,832 80

1854.

1,600 17

895 50

2,074 00

553 00

1,497 91

64 00

6,556 58

1855.

2,289 03

638 00

1,617 00

531 00

813 69 989 30

535 45

5,736 29

1857

2,234 47

606 00

1,214 00

499 00

717 53

638 12

4,632 88

1859

1,231 10

845 00

2,363 00

730 00

1,168 42

720 45

5,617 07

1860.

939 20

630 00

7,636 00

553 00

961 82

1,043 44

9,566 58

1861

2,213 50

588 00

2,143 00|

646 00

765 84

1,725 98

4,630 36

1862.

1,946 60

421 00

1,404 00

550 50

1,300 00

596 10

5,026 00

1863.

1,283 74

583 50

1,893 05

1,129 50

817 19

10 00

5,696 98

1864.

1,587 70

520 50

1,340 05

884 40

1,015 58

1,027 04

4,321 19

1865

3,503 60

618 00

3,053 00

748 50

510 87

55 59

8,378 38

1866.

3,094 40

1,299 09

2,649 00

1,589 00

1,705 48

804 47

9,532 50

1867.

2.272 20

927 00

4,118 00

1,478 00

939 04

290 67

9,943 57

1869

2,362 55

879 00

4,338 00

2,502 39

1,331 59

1,580 51

$282 00

$370 00

10,392 49

$11,044 49

1872.

2,140 40

1,044 00

3,606 00

1,348 75

1,069 91

1,163 00

288 00

310 00

8,046 06

8,644 09

1873.

1,687 20

1,243 00

4,654 00

2,261 75

2,061 45

669 54

267 00

450 00

11,237 86

11,954 86

1875.

1,646 75

2,519 50

4,754 00

3,011 51

2,377 64

1,128 06

294 00

450 00

13,181 34

13,181 33

1,838 50

4,302 20

9,647 67

517 90

290 00 290 00

25,883 05

26,000 00

1859

3,673 74

4,769 25

1,245 79

6,015 04

594 75

1860.

3,519 05

7,845 86

1,317 24

9.163 10

594 70

1861

5,776 97

6,288 12

1,229 00

7,517 12

706 79

1862

2,444 49

4,971 96

1.863 79

6,835 75

530 30

1863

5,247 45

5,331 58

2,353 56

26,000 00

1864

7,964 92

7.966 87

2,301 54

10,268 41

39 00

61 50 45 00 71 00

113 00

64 75 77 50

25 00

471 82 471 05 540 00

67,040 90 61,683 14 105,933 12

60,000 00 60,000 00 75,000 00

1870.

43,128 05

8,294 67

5,224 93

4,945 00

13,519 60

5,164 10

1871.

21.826 12

8,645 43

26 5,139 47

6,107 09 $8 306 45

13,784 90

Amount of fines

ed by the county.

Paid per diem of

Paid for services of

Total of court ex-

penses after de-

ducting costs and

fines collected,

and not including

amount paid per

Total of court ex- penses, including amount paid per

diem to sher-

pher.

1856.

2.483 94

388 50

1,916 00

494 00

528 00

1,076 43

4,789 58

1858

1,085 15

522 00

Amount paid to

Amount paid for

crier attending

Amount paid for

costs on indict-

and costs collect-

sheriff for attend-

ing court.

stenographer.

and stenographer

iff and stenogra-

judges.

jurors.

constables

court.

ments.

717 06

446 90

474 40 475 76 478 55

41,302 44 63,088 63

30,000 00

1867.

27,450 80

8,717 71

3,884 46

12,602 17

1,945 83

25 00

21,050 27

26,000 00

7,685 14

41 50

25 00

290 00

22,442 75

25,597 56

21,000 00

1858

5,780 28

7,809 17 7.067 36

14 1,564 69

8,632 05

530 00

23 50 46 00 21 50

22 50

50 75| 25 00

200 00

290 00

575 25

26,010 17

35,198 52

26,000 00

24 00 75 00

25 00

salary

holders.

Paid

247 64

18,125 76

13,000 00

1852

2,063 07

260

5,896 73

607 63

4,005 00

6,504 36

22 50

26 00

25 00

253 33

21,803 82

16,000 00

1857

7,996 13

25 00

25 00|

25 00

290 00

20,937 10

25,185 42 22,005 32

26,000 00 26,000 00 25,000 00

41 00

25 00 $15 00

30 00|

25 00

775 61

23 50

26 00

ly meetings.

tels for dinners

of tree-

paid

and

natics.

Annual amount of

house farm.

Interest

fund

loans.

pended for sup-

and lunatics.

Amount paid for

vices attending to

pairing bridges.

2,707 46

318 00

230 00

9,391 08

9,949 08

1874.

3,684 80

927 00

5,044 96!

2,023 50

791 38

412 72

12,058 92

1868.

2,425 00

870 00

4,428 00

2,171 00

1,157 06

187 10

10,863 66

1870.

2,238 60

1,120 50

4,844 00

2,634 90

1,135 00

1,119 55

10,293 98

1871.

2,374 10

1,733 25

4,182 00

2,006 75

1,802 44

1876, 34 of a year.

for

expenses

for bridges.

ty house.

No. of paupers and

port of panpers

lum.

Current

21,000 00

6,303 41

389 90

23 50

40 00

4,328 98

Amount paid to

and

diem to sheriff

5,888 72

1,578 00

1850.

460 00!

board

25 00

50,000 00

77,148 21 70,000 00

holders, services

390

HISTORY OF MORRIS COUNTY.

The chief items of county expense are bridges, pau- perism and crime, and litigation. As to the relative amount of these items up to 1866, pauperism stood first, crime and litigation next and bridges last. But suddenly in one year's time there came a change, and in 1869 bridges stood first, next pauperism, and then crime and litigation, and such has continued to be their relative po- sition to the present time. From 1849 to 1855, five years, the average yearly cost of pauperism was $6,690; from 1870 to 1876, five years, the average cost of pau- perism was $14,013, showing an increase of $7,323, or 110 per cent. This is for cash expended, and does not include produce of the farm. From 1849 to 1856, six years, the average yearly cost of crime and litigation was $4,513, and from 1869 to 1876, six years, the average yearly cost was $10,985, showing an increase of $6,472 -equal to an increase of 149 per cent. in twenty years.

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