USA > New Jersey > The history of New Jersey, from its discovery by Europeans, to the adoption of the federal Constitution > Part 1
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ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 02263 5327
GEN
THE
HISTORY
OF
NEW JERSEY,
FROM ITS
DISCOVERY BY EUROPEANS,
TO
THE ADOPTION
OF THE
FEDERAL CONSTITUTION.
BY
THOMAS F. GORDON,
INTON.
John C. Clark, Printer, Philadelphia.
1834.
172-531
Contents:
1. Gordon, J. J.
History of . new Jersey. 1834.
2.
Gazetteer of
new Jersey. 18,34.
1764913
------
٠.٠٨
F 853 .35
Gordon, Thomas Francis, 1787-1860.
The history of New Jersey, from its discovery by Euro- peans, to the adoption of the federal Constitution. By Thomas F. Gordon. Trenton, D. Fenton, 1834.
xil, 330 p. 23º3.
Appended : A gazetteer of the state of New Jersey, by T. F. Gordon. Trenton, D. Fenton, 1834. iv, 266 p. 23cm.
BAKLF CARD
1. New Jersey-Hist.
1-7748 Revised
Library of Congress
F134.G6G
[r50h2]
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016
https://archive.org/details/historyofnewjers00gord_0
PREFACE.
AN attempt has been made in the following pages to narrate. suc- cinctly, but fully, the history of New Jersey, from the time of its discovery by Europeans, to that of the adoption of the constitution of the United States. By the latter event, the individuality of the State, as a historical subject, is merged in the history of the nation ; and the subsequent period of unvaried political prosperity, within her borders, presents few matters for the historian.
The story we have told, has, for the inhabitants of the State, the interest of their peculiar and proper affairs; but, like such affairs. may not prove attractive to strangers. Like Pennsylvania, this State was founded by deeds of peace; and no community, in any country, can have undergone less vicissitude. Her prudence and justice preserved her from Indian hostility, and her distance from the frontier protected her from the inroads of the French. She has known, therefore, no wars, save those commanded by the king. or undertaken in defence of her own civil liberty. To pourtray the part, which, as a colony, she took in the one, and as an independent State, in the other, it has been necessary to treat of the general colonial and revolutionary history; yet no further than was indis- pensable to exhibit the action of New Jersey.
In the compilation of the work, resort has been had to all the known histories of the Anglo-American colonies, to the best writers on the American revolution, and to the minutes of the legislature and the statutes, for a period of more than one hundred and twenty years. From these sources, it is believed, that a faithful and ample narrative has been obtained. More particulars of the horrors which attended the'revolutionary war, especially of those which were in- flicted by furious tory partisans, might, perhaps, have been added, if full reliance were due to the partial newspaper accounts, fre- quently written under excitement unfavourable to truth. Yet, enough of these scenes has been described to display the nature and · extent of the sufferings of the inhabitants ; more would have served rather to disgust, than to entertain. the reader.
1
iv
PREFACE.
The author submits the result of his labours to the many sub- scribers by whom they have been encouraged, with an assurance of his readiness, in another edition, to supply such omissions, and to correct such errors, as may be discovered in the present.
March, 1834.
.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
Comprising Events from the Discovery by Europeans, to the Grant from Charles I. to James Duke of York. I. Ancient and Modern Principles of Colonization. II. Voyages of the Spaniards and Portuguese upon the East Coast of North America. III. Voyages of the Italians, Verrazano, and the Cabots. IV. First English Attempts at Discovery. V. Efforts of Raleigh to establish a Colony. VI. Gosnold opens a new Road-London and Ply- mouth Companies created. VII. Voyages and Discoveries of Hudson. VIII. Intercourse of the Dutch East India Company with America, and Formation of the Amsterdam Licensed Trading West India Company. IX. Settlement of the Puritans at Plymouth. X. Formation of the Great West India Company in Holland. XI. Voyage and Proceedings of Cor- nelius Jacobse Mey. XII. Measures of the Company to promote Emigra tion ; Purchases of large Tracts of Land from the Indians. Xlll. Vovages of De Vries; Colony planted-The Delaware abandoned by the Dutch. XIV. Minisink Settlements on the Delaware. XV. Settlements of the Swedes on the Delaware-first Project of a Colony-first Colony-increase of Settlers. XVI. Colonial Government established-Colonel Printz first Governor. XVII. English Settlements upon the Delaware-prostrated by . a united Force of Dutch and Swedes. XVIII. Swedish Government under Printz and his Successors. XIX. Swedish Colony subjeeted by the Dutch. XX. Dutch Colonial Government on the Delaware-Possessions on the East of New Jersey. XXI. Account of the English Settlements upon the Delaware previous to 1664-under Patent from Lord Baltimore- under Grant to Sir Edward Ploeyden-by Traders from New Haven. XXII. Plans of New England Settlers for Conquest of the Dutch Colo- nies. XXIII. Duke of York's Charter from the Crown and Grant to Berkeley and Carteret. XXIV. Conquest of New Netherlands, by Co- lonel Nicholls. XXV. English Government established on the Delaware. XXVI. Condition of New Netherlands at the time of the Surrender
page 1
CHAPTER Il.
Comprising Events from the Grant to the Duke of York, to the Division of the Colony, into East and West Jersey. I. Nature of the Estate acquired by the Duke of York, by the Grant from Charles 1. II. Motives and Nature of the Grant from the Duke of York, to Berkeley and Carteret. ill. Bounds of the Country ceded. IV. Proceedings of the Proprietaries, to settle their Province of New Jersey, &c .- their " Concessions." V. Re- marks on the Constitution. VI. Assumption of Government by Colonel Nicholls-Indian Grants. VII. Philip Carteret appointed Governor-His Efforts for Colonization-Advantages enjoyed by the New Colonists. VIII. Unhappy Effects of the Demand of Proprietary Quit Rents. IX. Recap- ture of New Netherlands by Holland-and Restoration to the English. X. Re-grant of the Province to the Duke-Re-grant to Berkeley and Car- teret. XI. Return of Philip Carteret to the Government-Modification of the Constitution. XII. Oppressive Conduct of Andross, Governor of New York. XIII. Division of the Province into East and West Jersey .
CHAPTER III.
From the Division of the Province, into East and West Jersey, to the Purchase of East Jersey, by Quakers. 1. Motives of the Quakers for Emigration. Il. Sale of Lord Berkeley, to Byllinge and Fenwicke. III. Assignment of West Jersey to William Penn, and others in Trust, for the Creditors of Byllinge. IV. "Concessions," or Constitution of West Jersey. V. Mea- sures of the Proprietaries to promote Colonization. VI. Commissioners
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vi
CONTENTS.
appointed to Administer the Government of West Jersey-their Proceed- ings. VII. Increase of Emigrants-Success of their Efforts. VIII. Death of Sir George Carteret-Successful Efforts of the Colonists, to procure Relief from the Jurisdiction of New York. IX. Extraordinary Pretensions of Byllinge. X. Resisted by the Proprietaries, in General Assembly- Samuel Jennings elected Governor-Proceeds to England, as Deputy of the Assembly-The Right of Government, purchased by Doctor Daniel Coxe, and subsequently transferred to the West Jersey Society. XII. Meeting of the First Assembly-Proceedings. XIII. Modification of the Law, relating to Religious Faith. XIV. Death of Carteret-his Disposi- tion of East Jersey. XV. Troubles at the Close of the Administration of Philip Carteret. XVI. Review of the Policy of the Proprietary Govern- ments. XVII. Comparison between the Laws of East and West Jersey
32
CHAPTER IV.
From the Purchase of East Jersey, by the Quakers, to the Surrender of the two Provinces to the Crown, 1682-1702. I. Purchase of East Jersey by Penn and his Associates-They admit others. not Quakers, to participate in the Purchase. II. Robert Barclay appointed Governor for Life-Scotch Emi- grants-Deputy Governors-Foundation of Amboy-Vain Efforts at Com- merce. III. Efforts of James II. to destroy Colonial Charter-Defeated by the Revolution. IV. Andrew Hamilton, Deputy Governor-Death of Robert Barclay-Interregnum-Andrew Hamilton, Governor-in-Chief- Superseded by Jeremiah Basse-Reappointed-Discontent of the Colonists. V. Attempt of New York to tax the Colony. VI. Proposition from the English Ministers for the Surrender of the Proprietary Governments- Negotiations relating thereto. VII. Final and Unconditional Surrender- Lord Cornbury appointed Governor-Outline of the New Government. VIII. Stationary Condition of New Jersey-Causes thereof. IX. Condi- tion of the Aborigines-Purchases of their Lands-Traditions of their Ori- gin-Tribes most noted in New Jersey-Treaty at Crosswicks-at Bur- lington and Easton-Final Extinction of Indian Title to the Soil of New Jersey. X. Review of the Title under the Proprietaries of East Jersey. XI. Review of Title of Proprietaries of West Jersey. XII. Of the Parti- tion Line between East and West Jersey
50
CHAPTER V.
Comprising the Administration of Lord Cornbury. I. Arrival of Lord Corn- bury-Demands a large and permanent Salary-being refused, dissolves the House. HI. A new Assembly chosen-Part of its Members arbitrarily excluded-Measures of the Governor. III. Third Assembly convened- Determines to Petition the Queen, and to remonstrate with the Governor -Public Grievances-Delivery of the Remonstrance, by Samuel Jennings. IV. Reply of the Governor. V. Dispute on the Treasurer's Accounts. VI. The Governor refuses the Message of the Assembly, which they enter upon their Minutes. VII. The West Jersey Proprietors, in England, ad- dress a Memorial to the Commissioners of Trade and Plantations, against Cornbury-Address of the Lieutenant-Governor, and Provincial Council, to the Queen. VIII. The Governor unable to obtain the gratification of his wishes, by the Assembly, first prorogues, and then dissolves them. IX. Offensive Conduct of Lord Cornbury, in his Government of New York-His Character. X. Is reluctantly removed by Queen Anne-Im- prisoned by his Creditors
CHAPTER VI.
Comprising Events from the Removal of Lord Cornbury to the Close of the Administration of Governor Hunter. 1709-1719. I. Lord Cornbury suc- ceeded by Lord Lovelace-Ilis Conciliatory Address to the Assembly. 1I. Ready disposition of the House to provide for the Support of Government -Change in the Constitution of the Assembly-Assembly obtain a Copy of the Address of the Lieutenant Governor and Council, to the Queen, in favour of Lord Cornbury-Demand a hearing for their Defence before the Governor. Ill. Death of Lord Lovelace and Accession of Lieutenant Governor Ingoldsby. IV. Promptitude of the Province to aid in reducing the French Possessions in North America. V. Failure of the Expedition,
76
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vii
CONTENTS.
and renewed Efforts of the Colonists to revive it-Visit of the Chiefs of the Five Nations to England. VI. Capture of Port Royal, &c. by Colonel Nicholson and the American Forces. VII. Governor Ingoldsby removed -Government administered by William Pinhorne as President of Council -succeeded by Governor Hunter. VIIl. Biographical Notice of Gover- nor Hunter. IX. Meets the Assembly, which prefers Charges against Members of Council. X. Expulsion of a Member of the House for his Conduct in Council-Address to the Queen. XI. Bills proposed for the Relief of the Quakers defeated by the Council. XII. New Efforts for the Conquest of the French Provinces-Unfortunate Result. XIII. Con- tinued Quiet of the Province. XIV. Division of the Assembly. XV. Governor Hunter returns to Europe-Testimonials in his favour by New Jersey and New York-Exchanges his Commission with Willian Burnet
CHAPTER VII.
Containing Events from the arrival of Governor Burnet, to the Death of Go- vernor Morris, 1719-1746. f. Governor Burnet-Notice of his Character. II. Meets the Assembly-Proceedings. III. Paper Currency-an Account of its Rise and Progress. IV. Bill proposed against denying the Trinity, &c. V. Governor Bernard removed to Massachusetts. VI. Is succeeded by John Montgomery-His Administration. VII. Death of Colonel Mont- gomery, and Presidency of Colonel Lewis Morris-Arrival of Governor Cosby-Harinony of the Province during his Administration-Ilis Death. VIII. Presidencies of John Anderson and John Hamilton, Esquires. IX. Lewis Morris, Governor of the Province of New Jersey, it being separated from New York-Gratification of the Province. X. He ceases to meet the Council in Legislation. XI. Salaries of Officers. XII. Unpopular Con- duct of Governor Morris. XIII. War with Spain-Aid required by Great Britain, from the Colonies-promptly afforded by New Jersey-Further disputes between the Governor and Assembly. XIV. Disingenuous Con- duct of the Governor, relative to the Fee Bill. XV. Opposes the Views of the House, on the Bill relative to the Paper Currency-on that, circum- scribing the Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. XVI. Assembly refuse to provide for the Salaries of the Public Officers. XVII. Efforts at accom- modation-defeated by the discovery of the duplicity of the Governor- Death of Governor Morris-John Hamilton, Esq., President. XVIII. Bio- graphical Notice of Governor Morris. XIX. Application made by his Widow, for arrears of Salary-refused
CHAPTER VIII.
Comprehending Events from the Death of Governor Morris to the Death of' Governor Belcher-from 1746 to 1757. I. War with France-Proposal of Governor Shirley to attack the French Settlements at Cape Breton-New Jersey votes two thousand Pounds for the Service-Favourable result of the Expedition. II. Proposed attack on Canada-New Jersey Regiment raised and placed under the command of Colonel Philip Schuyler-March for Albany-Threatened Mutiny. III. Plan of the proposed Campaign. IV. Treaty of Peace. V. Death of President Hamilton-Devolvement of the Government on President Reading-Arrival of Governor Belcher -- His Character. VI. Vexations arising from the Elizabethtown Claims under Indian Grants-the Assembly disposed to palliate the Conduct of the Rioters-Representation of the Council of Proprietors-their grievous Charge against the Members of Assembly, in a Petition to the King-the House transmits a counter Petition-Disingenuous Conduct of the House. VII. Disputes relative to the " Quota Bill." VIII. Hostile proceedings of the French in America. IX. Difference between the French and English, in their mode of cultivating Indian favour. X. Efforts of the French to occupy the English Lands. X1. Expedition of George Washington to Fort Venango. XII. Measures of the English Government to resist French encroachments. XIII. Convention of the Colonies-Plan of Union proposed by Dr. Franklin-Condemned by New Jersey-Military Expedi- tion of Lieutenant Colonel Washington-is captured by the French under De Villiers. XIV. Extensive Military Preparations of Great Britain. XV. Measures of New Jersey. XVI. Arrival of Major General Braddock. XVII. Convention of Governors to determine the Plan of the Campaign. XVIII. Acquisitions in Nova Scotia-Cruel Treatment of the Neutrals.
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CONTENTS.
XIX. New Jersey raises a Regiment for the Northern Expedition-Mr. Philip Schuyler named Colonel. XX. March of General Braddock on the Western Expedition-Fastidiousness and Presumption of the General-is attacked and defeated. XXI. Universal Consternation on this Defeat- Governor Belcher summons the Legislature-Inroads and Cruelties of the Indians-the Inhabitants of New Jersey give aid to those of Pennsylvania. XXII. Success of the Northern Expedition. XXIII. Provision against the Attack of the French and Indians. XXIV. Plans proposed for the Cam- paign of 1756-Exertions of the Colonies. XXV. War formally declared between Great Britain and France. XXVI. General Shirley removed from the supreme command-General Abercrombie, and, subsequently, Lord Loudon appointed. XXVII. Suspension of Indian Hostilities. XXVIII. Sluggish Military Efforts of the English-Success of the French in the North-Capture of part of the Jersey Regiment, with Colonel Schuyler, at Oswego-Disastrous termination of the Campaign. XXIX. Renewal of Indian Barbaritics. XXX. Military Requisitions of Lord Lou- don-New Jersey refuses to raise more than five hundred Men. XXXI. Unsuccessful Attempt of Lord Loudon on Louisburg. XXXII. Success of Montcalm-New Jersey prepares to raise four thousand Men-the remain- der of the Jersey Regiment captured by the Enemy. XXXIII. Death of Governor Belcher-Biographical Notice of. XXXIV. John Reading, Pre- sident
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CHAPTER IX.
Containing Events from the Presidency of Mr. Reading to the Repeal of the Stamp Act-from the year 1746 to the year 1766. 1. Influence of Mr. Pitt and his Policy upon Colonial Affairs-New hopes infused into the Colo- nists. II. Successful Attack of the English upon the Northern Forts. III. Capture of Fort Du Quesne by General Forbes. IV. Cheerful and ready aid of the Colonies. V. New Jersey supplics one thousand Men, and builds Barracks for the King's Troops. VI. President Reading super- seded by the arrival of Governor Bernard-His Treaty with the Indians- Succeeded by Thomas Boone-He, by Josiah Hardy-Hc, by William Franklin, the last of the Royal Governors. VII. Efficient Preparations for the Campaign of 1759. VIII. Conquest of the French Colonies in North America. IX. Honourable share of the Provincialists in this Re- sult. X. Treaty of Peace with France and Spain. XI. New Confederacy and Hostilities of the Indians-Six hundred Troops raised by New Jersey. XII. Impressions on the English Ministry, by the Wealth and Power dis- played in America. XIII. Proposition of Mr. Grenville to tax the Colo- nies. XIV. Consideration of the Principles relating to Colonial Taxation. XV. Mr. Grenville communicates his purpose to the Colonial Agents in London. XVI. Views taken by Colonies of this Proposition. XVII. Pro- positions by several of the Colonies to raise Money. rejected by Mr. Gren- ville. XVIII. Act of Parliament for Tax on Colonial linports and Exports. XIX. Effect of the Measures in America-Proceedings of Massachusetts and Rhode Island. XX. Stamp Act passed-Its reception in the Colonies. XXI. Temporary Suspension of Legal Proceedings and of the publication of Newspapers. XXII. Anti-Importation Associations. XXIII. Organi- zation of the "Sons of Liberty." XXIV. Proposition of Massachusetts for assembling a Congress of Deputies from the Colonies-Action of New Jer- sey on this Proposition. XXV. Proceedings of the Congress-Messrs. Ruggles of Massachusetts, and Orden of New Jersey, refuse to join in a general Petition. XXVI. The Assembly of New Jersey approve the Pro- ceedings of Congress-adopts Resolutions condemnatory of the Stamp Act. XXVII. Efforts in England for Repeal of the Stamp Act. XXIX. Inquiry before the House of Commons-Repeal of the Stamp Act . . 129
CHAPTER X.
Comprising Events front 1766 to 1769. 1. Remaining Discontents in the Colo- nies, after the Repeal of the Stamp Act. II. Dissatisfaction in Great Bri- tain on account of the Repeal-American 'Taxation again proposed in Par- liament, by Mr. Townsend-Bill imposing Duties on Goods imported into America, passed. IV. Circular Letter of Massachusetts to the other Colo- nies. V. Promptitude and Unanimity of the Colonies produced by the Farmers' Letters. VI. Resort to Non-importation Agreements. VII.
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CONTENTS.
The Ministry condemn the Circular Letter. VIII. Menacing Resolutions of Parliament against Massachusetts-The other Colonies approve her Conduct. IX. Modified Repeal of the Imposts-Consequent Modification of the Non-importation Agreements. X. Numerous Law Suits-The Peo- ple complain of the Fees of the Courts. XI. Disputes between the Go- vernor and the Assembly. XII. Robbery of the Treasury of East Jersey- The Assembly require the removal of the Treasurer-He is protected by the Governor. XIII. Efforts of Governor Franklin to encourage the Cul- ture of Hemp, Flax, and Silk. XIV. New apportionment of Members in the Province. XV. Testimonial of the Northern Indians to the Justice of the Colony
. 144
CHAPTER XI.
Comprising Events from the year 1773 to 1776. I. Committees of Correspon- dence established in the several Colonies. If. The British Ministry en- courage the shipment of Teas to America, by the East India Company. III. Alarm of the Colonists-Consignees of the India Company compelled to forego their appointments. IV. Measures pursued in New Jersey. V. Reception of the Tea in America. VI. Indignation of the King and Par- liament. VII. Violent measures adopted against Boston. VIII. Alarm- ing Act of Parliament, relative to the Provincial Government of Canada. IX. Proceedings of the Inhabitants of Boston-General Commiseration of their Fate. X. New Jersey appoints Members to Congress. XI. Con- gress assemble at Philadelphia-Their proceedings. XII. The Assembly of New Jersey approve the proceedings of Congress, and appoint Dele- gates to the next Convention-Instructions. XIII. The Provincial Go- vernors instructed to impede the Union of the Colonies-Efforts of Gover- nor Franklin. XIV. Reply of the House. XV. Rejoinder of the Gover- nor-Address of the Council. XVI. The Assembly petition the King. XVII. Reception of the proceedings of Congress in London. XVIII. Proceedings of Parliament-Conciliatory Propositions of Lord North. XIX. Sense of New Jersey upon this Proposition. XX. State of the Dis- pute with England. XXI. Second New Jersey Convention called-En- courages Political Associations-Organizes the Militia, and provides Funds. XXII. Meeting of Congress at Philadelphia-Its Measures. XXIII. Ap- pointment of Commander-in-Chief and subordinate Generals. XXIV. Congress again petition the King-Ungracious reception of the petition. XXV. Address their fellow-subjects of Ireland, &c. XXVI, New Jersey Convention re-assembles-Proceedings-Provision for the continuance of a Provincial Congress-Committee of Safety appointed. XXVII. Meet- ing of the Assembly-Address of Governor Franklin-He clainis assurance of protection for himself and others, the King's Officers. XXVIII. Reply of the Assembly. XXIX. Act authorizing the issue of Bills of Credit,-for £100,000, approved by, the King
CHAPTER XII.
Comprising Civil Events of the year 1776. I. State of the Public Opinion at the commencement of the year 1776-Gradual growth of the desire of In- dependence. II. Resolution of Congress for the establishment of Inde- pendent Colonial Governments. III. Provincial Congress re-assembles -Proceeds to the Formation of a Colonial Constitution. IV. Review of the Constitution. V. Oath of Abjuration and Allegiance established. VI. Tories-their motives. VII. Law relative to Treason. VIII. Imprison- ment and Relegation of Governor Franklin. IX. Measures adopted against the Disaffected. X. Adoption of the Declaration of Indepen- dence .
CHAPTER XIII.
I. Military Proceedings in Canada. II. Measures adopted in Great Britain. III. Objects proposed for the Campaign of 1776. IV. Operations against New York, and the surrounding Country. V. Proposals for accominoda- tion, by the British Commissioners. VI. Condition of the American Forces, at New York-Landing of Lord Howe, on Long Island. VII. Battle of Brooklyn. VIII. Retreat of the American Army from Long
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CONTENTS.
Island. IX. Unhappy Effeet of the Defeat of the American Army. X. Lord Howe renews his Attempts for accommodation of the Quarrel-Pro- ceedings of Congress. XI. Military Movement of the Armies, after the Battle of Brooklyn. XII. American Army, by advice of General Lee, quit York Island. XIII. Battle of White Plains. XIV. Capture of Fort Washington. XV. Abandonment of Fort Lee, and retreat of the Ameri- can Army-Its condition-Inhabitants join the British. XVI. Washing- ton crosses the Delaware-The enemy possess themselves of the left bank. XVII. Capture of General Lee. XVIII. New efforts of the Com- mander-in-Chief-The enemy retire into Winter Quarters. XIX. Battle of Trenton. XX. The British re-open the Campaign. XXI. The Ame- rican Army re-enters Jersey. XXII. Battle of Princeton. XXIII. The American Army retreat to Morristown-Beneficial results of the late ac- tions. XXIV. Firinness of Congress. XXV. Condition of New Jersey. XXVI. The American Army inoculated for the Small Pox. XXVII. Measures for reclaiming the disaffected of New Jersey. XXVIII. License of American Troops-restrained
CHAPTER XIV.
[. Organization of the New Jersey State Government. II. First Address of the Governor-Other principal Officers. III. Condition of the State at this period. IV. State of the Northern Department-Operations on the Lakes. V. The British seize Rhode Island. VI. Demonstration of Ge- neral Heatlı, on Long Island-Condition of the American Army, in New Jersey-Skirmishing. VII. Early efforts of Sir William Howe, to destroy the American Magazines-Stores burned at Peek's-kill-at Danbury. VIII. Successful enterprise of Colonel Meigs, against Sagg Harbour. IX. Movements of General Washington, on opening the Campaign-Re- moval of the Army to Middlebrook-Disposition of the Troops. X. Ope- rations of the Army under General Howe-Feint to cross the Delaware- Retreat from New Jersey-Returns, and attacks the American Army. XI. Perplexity of Washington, caused by the Movements of the British Forces. XII. Capture of Major-general Prescott, by Major Barton. XIII. General Howe embarks for the southward-Measures of. Washington thereon. XIV. Attempt of General Sullivan, with Colonel Ogden, upon the Tories on Staten Island. XV. Arrival of the British Army at Elk River-its Progress-Operations of the American Army-Battle of Bran- dywine. XVI. Subsequent movement of the Armies. XVII. Second en- counter of the hostile Armies-they are separated by rain. XVIII. Af- fairs of Paoli. XIX. The British enter Philadelphia. XX. Congress re- move to Lancaster, thence to York. XXI. Attack and defence of the For- tifications on the Delaware. XXI1. Battle of Germantown. XXIII. Ope- rations in New Jersey. XXIV. Further proceedings on the Delaware. XXV. Repulse of Count Donop, from Fort Mereer. XXVI. General Greene despatched to New Jersey. XXVII. Capture of Fort Mifflin, and abandonnent of Fort Mercer. XXVIII. Attempt of General Dicken- son on Staten Island. XXIX. American Army reinforced. XXX. At- tacked at White Marsh, by the British. XXXL. The American Army re- tires into Winter Quarters. XXXII. English plans for the Northern Cam- paign. XXXIII. Condition of the American Northern Department. XXXIV. Burgoyne captures the Forts on the Lakes. and disperses the American Army. XXXV. Recuperative measures of General Schuyler. XXXVI. Repulse of St. Leger, from Fort Schuyler. XXXVII. De- feat of Colonel Baum, at Bennington. XXXVIII. Beneficial result of these fortunate Events. XXXIX. Battles on the Hudson, and Capture of Burgoyne. XL. Movements of Sir Henry Clinton, in the Highlands. XLI. Effect of the Capture of Burgoyne-at home and abroad. XLII. Congress refuse to execute the Articles of Capitulation-their reasons . 235
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