USA > New Jersey > Essex County > History of Essex and Hudson counties, New Jersey, Vol. I > Part 26
USA > New Jersey > Hudson County > History of Essex and Hudson counties, New Jersey, Vol. I > Part 26
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Walter D' Nraffe, mustered in Muy 30, 1861 - died of congestive chills on Iemand United States Transport El City, at Ship Point, Va., April 30, 1862.
Jenb sthu, mustered in May 30, 1861 ; dird of typhoid fever at Richardom House Hospital, near Marchaniemville, Va., June 14, Int2: buried at National Cemetery. Cold Harbour, Va., Section C.
Juhu S. Skiver, mustered In May 30, IrGl : died at { united States Army General Hospital, Washington, D. C., May 21, 1-62, of wounds received in action at Salem Heights, Va. ; buried nt Military Asylum C'emetery P. "
Stewart Turner, mustered in April 5, 1×65 ; recruit, died of chronic diarrives at Augur United States Army General Hospital, Alexandria, Va., July 2, 1-65; transferred from Company K, Fourteenth Regi- mment.
Daniel K. Vanderhoof, mustered in May 30, 1861 ; killed iu action at baines' Farm, Va., June 27, 1862.
John H. Van Horne, munstered in May 30, 1861 ; died of chronic diarrlora at United states Army General Hospital, Newark, N. J., January 2, 1863.
Charles Williamson, mustored in September 30, ING1 , died of ty- phoid fover at United States Army General Hospital, Hagerstown, Mil., November 13, 1862; buried at National Cemetery, Autieten, Md. Section 11, Lot A. Grave 22
Washington Wilson, mustered iu May 30. 1861 ; killed in action at Gaines' Farm, Va., June 27, 1862.
William HI Wise, mistered in May 30, 1:61 ; died at Richmond, Va., August, Ihn2, of wounds received in action at timined' Furus, Vn., primmer of war.
FINAL RECORD UNKNOWN.
Privates-John Blake, manstored in March 2 .. 1205, recruit, transferred from Company K, Fourteenth Regiment , alment, sick, April 2. 1×65. John Manning, mustered in January 20, 1-64 ; recruit, transferred From Company J. Fourteenth Regiment ; alent, sich.
John Kaill, mustered in December 19, 1864 ; recruit, transferred from Company (', Fourteenth Regiment : abment, sick, at Harewind I'mteil states Army General Hospital, Washington, I. (., April 12, 1865.
CHAPTER XVI.
ESSEX COUNTY IN THE WAR OF 1861-65. (''ontimed )
Eighth Regiment .- (Grond Brigade.)-This Regi- ment constituted one of the four regiments comprising what was generally known as the Second Brigade, New Jersey Volunteers, and was first attached to the Third Brigade, Hooker's Division ; afterward to the Third Brigade, Second Division, Third Corps; then to the First Brigade, Fourth Division, Second Corps ; then to the Third Brigade, Third Division, Second Corps; and at the close of the war was attached to
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HISTORY OF ESSEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
what was known as the Provisional Corps, Army of | Eighth Regiment, with full ranks and hearts buoyant the Potomac.
The Eighth, with other regiments, was organized under the provisions of an Act of Congress, approved July 22. 1861, and by the fourteenth day of Septen- ber, was fully organized and equipped for service, at which time it was mustered into the service of the I'nited States, for three years, at Camp Olden, Tren- ton. N. J., by Charles A. Brightly, First Lieutenant, Fourth Infantry, U. S. Army. It left the State, October 1, 1×61, with a full complement of men and officers. Upon arrival at Washington, the regiment went into camp at Meridian Hill, D. C., where it remained until the early part of December, 1861, at which time, in connection with with other regi- ments, it was ordered to report to Gen. Joseph Hooker, U. S. Volunteers, near Budd's Ferry. Md., where it was brigaded and designated The Third Brigade, Hooker's Division. Under the provision of General Orders, No. 191, War Department, A. G. O., Washington, D. C., June 25, 1863, a large number of the enlisted men re-enlisted in the field, for three years or during the war. Those who did not re-enlist and whose term of service expired, re- ported by order at Trenton, N. J., and were mus- tered out of service by James W. Long, Captain Second Infantry, U. S. Army, September 21, 1864. Those who remained were consolidated into, and were known as the Eighth Battalion, and so remained until October 12, 1864, at which time, the Sixth Battalion was united with it by transfer. The Com- mand was then re-organized and resumed its regi- mental organization. At different times during the year- 1864 and 1865, the strength of the regiment was augmented by the joining from the draft rendezvous at Trenton, N. J., of a large number of substitutes. Under the provisions of Special Orders, No. 194, Par. 45, War Dep., A. G. O., Washington, D. C., April 29, 1865, all unassigned recruits and substitutes on duty with the Regiment, were organized into a com- pany, and designated Company K.
The regiment continued its organization until the close of the war, and those coming under the pro- visions of General Orders, No. 26, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, dated May 17, 1865, were dis- charged at Washington, D. C., June 4, 1865; the remainder were mustered out of service near Wash- ington, D. C., July 17, 1865, by Timothy W. Kelly, Captain 164th Regiment Infantry, N. Y. Volunteers, Ass't. Com'y. of Mu-ters, Sec. Div., Prov. Corps, Army of the Potomac, in compliance with orders from the War Department, A. G. O., Washington, D. C., July 7, 1865. Thus ended the military career of one of the bravest and most efficient regiments in service during the great Slaveholders' rebellion for the destruction of the best government on earth. All honor to the old Eighth.
Of this regiment, Joseph Atkinson, in his History of Newark, says: " It was in September, 1861, when the
with patriotie aspirations, entered Washington. With the other three regiments designated, the Eighth was brigaded under Brigadier-General S. Casey, of the regular army. The greater part of the Winter was spent in drilling and preparing for active work in the Spring."
"The first action of importance in which the Eignth Regiment was prominently engaged was the battle of Williamsburg, fought on May 5th, 1862. It was one of the fiercest and most hotly contested engagements of the entire war. On the night of the 3d Yorktown was evacuated by the enemy. At Wil- liamsburg, Hooker expected him to make a stand, his position there being very strong. The Jersey Brigade left Yorktown on the afternoon of the 4th. That night it bivouacked in a swamp some five miles from Williamsburg. The night was dark as Erebus, and the rain fell steadily ; the roads were muddy, and the men experienced great hardship in moving forward, being nearly worn out from exhaustion, labor in the trenches and loss of sleep. In spite of all, they were on the march at two o'clock in the morning, and three hours later emerged from a forest in sight of the ene- my's works. These were of great strength, and were admirably protected with redoubts, which extended far away to the right and left; also, in front, with riffe pits, and, nearer still, a formidable obstruction of tangled abattis. Immediately in front of the redoubts the plain was furrowed by winding ravines which were completely covered by the guns of the enemy. Hooker was resolved upon an attack, and at half-past seven advanced his skirmishers. He sent two batte- ries to the right, with the Fifth New Jersey as a sup- port. The Sixth, Seventh and Eighth Regiments he advanced to the left. They occupied a wood in front of a line of field-works. The rain meanwhile fell in torrents, the men being over their ankles in mire and water; but rain and mire and water were least thought of in the absorbing eagerness of all to close with the enemy. Through the brush the Jerseymen pushed, and soon they came upon the foe. A vigorous fire was at once opened. The Eighth occupied the ex- treme left of the line of battle. The wood in which it was stationed was almost impassable because of broken timber. Just beyond were the plains of Wil- liamsburg. Here, for five long hours, the regiment fought with consummate bravery. Against the left the fierceness of the battle raged, the enemy having early determined to turn it if possible. This feat, if successful, must have proved disastrous to the Fed- erals. Knowing this, the men of the Eighth fought with desperate strength, repulsing every attempt to dislodge them. They were cheered and encouraged by word and example by their brave Colonel, the gal- lant Johnson. On going into the fight he had some misgivings as to the mettle of a few of his command, and he resolved to shoot the first man who blenched in action. His fears proved groundless ; not a man
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ESSEX COUNTY IN THE WAR OF 1861-65.
wavered. So close were the men of the Eighth to the enemy, that the orders given by the Confederate ofli- cers were distinctly heard. 'Again, and again, and s.ill again,'-quoting the words of one who was there -'six thousand of the enemy's fresh troops were hurled against the New Jersey Brigade of less than three thousand men ; but each time they were driven back with terrible loss.' Not even when their brave commander fell, badly wounded, so that he had to be removed to the rear, did the Eighth show a sign of wavering. 'Commanding the ground at every point, the fire of the enemy was pitilessly destructive, and did not slacken for a moment. But the brave fellows into whose faces it was poured stood firmly and un- flinchingly-sometimes, indeed, pushed back a little space, but as surely hurling the enemy, bleeding and shattered, back to his works' It was impossible, owing to the nature of the ground, to use the bayonet ; ' but the rapid volleys of our heroic troops were scarcely less effective.'"
' 'And thus the battle raged, the enemy, reinforced again and again, directed against these three regi- ments all the fury of their attack ; but still for hours the little column stood immovable. At last, however, the enemy, now driven to desperation, rushed forward in overwhelming numbers, pouring a terrific fire into our whole line. Then at last that brave fine gave way slightly. Their ammunition exhausted, their muskets rusted by the drenehing rain, their ranks terribly thinned, enervated by want of food and a difficult march, these heroes of the day, before this last over- whelming attack, fell slowly back. But they were not defeated. They had held the enemy in check, had frustrated every attempt to flank their position and thus saved the Division, which but for this stubborn resistance, would have been swept in disaster from the field.' Time had been secured to enable reinforce- ments to come up. Phil. Kearny's and other com- mand- arrived and securely turned the fortunes of the thay. That the day was saved, as General Hooker admitted, was mainly due to the brave and steady bearing of the left of his line. The Eighth entered with six hundred and sixty men. It came out with five hundred ! - a ghastly but thrillingly eloquent proof of its marvellous courage and grit. After Williamsburg, Jersey was no longer questioned. Praise, high praise, was extorted where sheers were wont to prevail. 'New Jersey may well be proud of her sons in this battle,' wrote a Philadel- phia newspaper correspondent at the time, adding : ' Men never stood up more bravely to their work, and "The Eighth subsequently participated in all the grent engagements of the Peninsula, and it is the simple truth to say that it was always among the fore- most in the advance, and among the rear-guard in the retreat. In the engagement at Bristoe Station, July 27th and 28th, 1862, Lieutenant-Colonel William Ward, formerly Captain of Company D, had his arm shattered so that it had to be amputated. He was the conflict at Williamsburg proves that the Jersey Blues of our day are worthy descendants of the heroes who made her name and soil sacred for all time in the dark hours of the Revolution.' Another press cor- respondent said the 'brave boys (of New Jersey) fought like tigers, driving back the enemy with great slaughter.' Colonel Johnson, who, as a participant in the engagement states, 'had proved himself of | also wounded in the side. Captain John Tuite, of
chivalrous courage,' was believed to be fatally wounded ; but after four months' absence he was able to join his regiment, his wound, however, far from being entirely healed. After he had left the field, Major Peter MI. Ryerson assumed command. An hour afterwards, while rallying his men. Ryerson was shot dead, pierced with several bullets. In his report, General Patterson said the conduct of Captains William A. Henry, Co. B. and Tuite, Co. (, 'cannot be too highly commended.' It was said of C'haplain Chambre-who in all his service bore him- self as became not only a true soldier of the Union, but a true soldier of the cross-that he ' fearlessly rushed into danger to assist in bearing off the wounded.' The day after the battle he buried thirty- six officers and men. There were about one hundred and fifty wounded, many of whom died afterwards. A few days after the battle, stung by the injustice done the Jersey troops in certain newspaper accounts of the engagement, Chaplain Chambre wrote a letter to the New York Tribune in the course of which he strongly protested against the appropriation to others of the hard-won laurels of the Jerseymen. 'The Jersey troops,' said he, 'behaved most nobly and gal- lantly, as is freely and fully and repeatedly acknow- ledged by both Brigade and Division Generals-Pat- terson and Hooker.' 'I can positively affirm,' he continued, 'that the New Jersey boys did not give way-nor did they at any time fall into disorder. On the contrary, with unflinching fortitude and bravery, and to the admiration of our Generals (freely ex- pressed to me personally) did they stand their ground under the pressing columns of six thousand fresh troops of the enemy who attempted to crush down our Brigade, worn and weary, and numbering less than two thousand five hundred men !' 'Our men stood even after all their ammunition was expended. They would then have given cold steel. They never thought of retiring, giving way, or falling into dis- order : but we went into action with ranks thinned by sickness, and by a long and terrible march over roads that were frightful. In my opinion, the day was sared by the New Jersey Brigade. The heaviest work of the battle was done by the New Jersey Brigade under its noble commander Patterson. And the hardest fighting of the Brigade was done by the Eighth New Jersey Regiment, which occupied the left of the line, and met and turned back repeatedly the swelling forces of the enemy that were thrown against it to turn its flank.'
·
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HISTORY OF ESSEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Company (,, was killed. Shattered by many conflicts. | established himself as a grocer in his native city. the Eighth never lost the high morale it had attained In his boyish days young Ward showed a great under the soldierly eye and affectionate solicitude of , fondness for a soldier's life, and as soon as he had Col. Johnson-certainly not while he was at its head. reached the age of seventeen, he became a member of the National Guards, in which organization he has now served as a private and an officer from 1841, to the present time. When therefore the War of the Rebellion broke out, he offered his services to the During March, 1863, Johnson was forced by his unhealed wound to resign his command. Subse- quently he was able to labor in the service of the nation as Colonel in the Veteran Corps. With Colonel Johnson also resigned from the Eighth, Chap- Igovernment as soon as his business atlairs conll be lain Chambre, the effect of a severe fever, contracted while the regiment was in the swamps of the Chicka- hominy, compelling the step. The Eighth returned home in September, 1864, and was received as it deserved-most warnily."-Atkinson's Hist. of Newark.
Battles .- During its term of service, the regiment took an active part in the following engagements: Siege of Yorktown, Va., AApril and May, 1862; Williams- burg, Va., May 5, 1862; Fair Oaks, Va., June 1 and 2, 1862; Seven Pines, Va., June 25, 1862 ; Savage Station, Va., June 29, 1862; Glendale, Va., June 30, 1862; Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862, and Ang. 5, 1862; Bristow Station, Va., Aug. 27. 1862; Bull Run, Va. Aug. 29 and 30, 1862; Chantilly, Va., Sept. 1, 1862; | Ward participated in the battle of Fair Oaks. On the Centerville, Va., Sept. 2, 1862; Fredericksburg, Va .. , 25th of the same month he was at Seven Pines; on Dec. 13 and 14, 1862 ; Chancellorsville, Va., May 3 and 4, 1863; Gettysburg, Va., July 2 and 3. 1863; Wap- ping Heights, Va., July 24, 1863; MeLean's Ford, Va., Oct. 15, 1863; Mine Run, Va., Nov. 29, 30 and Dec. 1, 1863; Wilderness, Va., May 5 to 7, 1864; Spottsyl- vania, Va., May 8 to 11, 1864; Spottsylvania (. Il. Va., May 12 to 18, 1864; North Anna River, Va., May 23 and 24, 1864 ; Tolopotomoy Creek, Va., May 30 and 31, 1864; Coll Harbor, Va., June 1 to 5, 1864; Before Petersburg, Va., June 16 to 23. 1864; Deep Bottom, Va, July 26 and 27, 1864; Mine Explosion, near Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864; North Bank of James River, Vu., August 14 to 18, 1864; Fort Sedgwick, Va., Sept. 10, 1864; Poplar Spring Church, Va., Oct. 2, 1864; Boyd- ton Plank Road, Va., Oct. 27, 1864 ; Fort Morton, Va., Nov. 5, 1864; llateher's Run, Va., Feb. 5 to 7, 1865; Armstrong House, Va., March 25, 1865; Boydton Plank Road, Va., (C'apture of Petersburg), April 2, 1865; Amelia Springs, Va., April 6, 1865; Farmsville, Va., April 6 and 7, 1865; Lee's Surrender (Appomattox, Va.), April 9, 1865.
WILLIAM WARD was born January 30, 1824, at Newark, N. J., and is a descendant of one of the old families of that town. He received a good elementary education at the schools of Bernard Kearney and Nathan Hedges, and at the Newark Academy, schools which enjoyed at that time the highest reputation. With the intention of having him brought up to the business of either a manufacturer or a merchant, ho was placed in the extensive hatting establishment of Andrew Rankin in Newark, N. J., where he remained until he had reached the age of twenty-one. Soon after, he became foreman in the hat manufactory of Messrs. Moore & Seeley of the same place, and in this position remained until 1860, when he
properly arranged, and entered the field September 27, 1861, as Captain of Company D, Eighth New Jersey Volunteers. In this capacity he served at the Siege of Yorktown during the months of April and the first five days of May 1862, being all that time under fire of the enemy. On the 5th of May he took part. in the fight at Williamsburg, Va. Ilere C'ol. Johnson was severely wounded, and the command devolved upon Lieut. Col. Ryerson, who had scarcely placed himself at the head of the regiment, when he fell piereed by three fatal balls. To Major Trawin the leadership now belonged, and the regiment went bravely on its way. June 1, and 2, following, Capt.
the 29th at Savage Station; on the 30th at Glendale; and on the 1st of July, following, at Malvern Hill. A few days after this battle of Malvern Hill, Lien- tenant-Colonel Joseph Trawin resigned, and Cap- tain Ward was promoted to fill the vacancy his commission being dated July 28, 1862. In the capacity of Lieutenant-Colonel he took command immediately after the second battle at Malvern Hill, August 5, 1862. Then followed the fight at Bristow's. Station, in which he led the regiment, August 27, 1862. Two days afterwards, August 29, the second battle of Bull Run began, and while Col. Ward was marching upon the enemy at the head of his regi- ment, five musket balls were fired at the same moment into his body. As a matter of course, he fell, and apparently, in a dying condition. His men carried him from the field, and after an examination of his wounds it was found necessary to amputate his. left arm, which was badly shattered. The wounds. in other parts of his body were very serious, and several months clapsed before he could be brought to his home. For a year and a half he was confined to his house, and for a much longer period after- wards, was unable to attend to any business what- ever. On the 13th of March 1865, he received the title of Colonel by brevet, for gallant conduct on the field. In 1866, he was elected City ('lerk of Newark, an office which he held until 1869, when he was. nominated by President Grant, and appointed Post- master at Newark. This office he has deservedly held until the present time. In accordance with a special Net of the Legislature of New Jersey, which took effect July 4, 1873, Governor Parker appointed ('ol. Ward Brigadier General for long and meritorious service. General Ward is, as has been said, still a.
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ESSEX COUNTY IN THE WAR OF 1861-65.
member of the National Guard, and is attached to the staff of its commander, General Gershom Mott. Hle still retains his military enthusiasm, and his long experience in the camp and field, make him a valuable counsellor in all matters appertaining to the military service. The high appreciation in which he is held is shown by the circumstance that on the 15th of July, 1884, he was appointed by the trovernor of New Jersey, President of a Court of Inquiry to examine into the matter of the disbandment of the late Company F, Third Regiment National Guards, and report the facts.
Va. ; left arm amputated ; Brevet lon J, March 15, 1866 . Provet Brigadier General in 1879.
John Willian, mustered in January 5, Isis transferred we May r from Mxth Beginnt. Brevet Ileutenant Cidonel, ortoler 5. IN, Lieutenant Colonel, vice Ward, discharged , promotil folune), Twelfth Regiment, February 23, 1215.
Henry Hartford, musterel in April 20, 1865 , Captain Company .. June 11, ING1; Major. December 15, 184; Brevet Lieutenant Colonel, April 2, In) ; Lieutenant Colonel, vice Willian . prounited. Majore-Peter M. Byensin, musterel in March 4, 1862 ; Captain company action at Williamsburg, Va. May 5, 1862.
William A. Henry, minstered in May 7, 1x62 ! Captain Company B, September 27, Jul : Major, vive Ryerson, killed ; resigned, August 12, 1×12.
FIELD AND STAFF.
Colonela-Adolphus J. Johnson, mustered in September 14. lail, resigned, March 19, 1861.
John Ramsey, mustered in April 7, 1863 . Lieutenant Colonel Fifth Regiment, October 21, 1863 ; Colonel, vice Johnson, resigned ; Brevet Brigadier General, December 2, 1×64 ; Brevet Major General, March 13, 1865.
Lieutenant Colonels-Thomas L. Martin mustered in September 14, 1861 ; resigned, December 19, 1861.
Joseph Trawin, mustored in March 4, 1862 ; Major September 14, 1861 ; Ticutenant Colonel, sier Martin, resigned ; resigned July 7, 1862 ; dimbility.
William Ward, tustored in August 1, 1862; Captain Company 1, September 27, 1861 ; Lieutenant Colonel. vier Trawin, resigned ; dis- charged, September 12, 1-63 ; wounds received in action at Bull Run, 7
George Hoffman, mustered in April 25, 1863 ; Captain Company Il. September 27, lonil : Major, vive llenry, resigned : proigned, May 16, IN3.
Virgil M. Healey, mustered in November 24, 1863 ; Captain tom- pany B, Fifth Regiment, May 5, 1862; Major, vice Hoffnung re-
Tamis M. Morris, musterel in May 6, Is65 ; Captain Company E, November 17, 1802 : Major, vice Hartford, promoted
Adjacent -Charles W. Johnson, musterad in September 1, 1Mil : miguel. March IN, 1863.
Charlie H. Archer, mastered In November 26, 1864 ; Second Lien- tenant Company A, October 13, 1804 ; Adjutant, vice Johnson, signed.
Quartermasters-Ralph Jeffermain mustered in September 14, 18]; r signel, Mny 29, 181 2.
98
IHISTORY OF ESSEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Quartermaster-Charles F. Bower, mustered in January 12, 1-63 : Quar- termaster Sergeant : Quartermaster, vice Jefferson, resigned ; trans- ferrell to Company B.
Lewis A. Dann. mustered in April 27, 1864 ; transferred from Sixth Regiment ; served as First Lieutenant Company Y.
Surgeon+-Alexander J. MeKelway, mustered in September 14, lacl ; re- signed April 6, 1x64 ; disability.
Philip M. Senderling, mustered in -20, 1914 ; Assistant Surgeon First Regiment, February 7, 1802 : Surgeon, vice MeKelway, resigned. Assistent Surgeons-11. Genet Taylor, mustered in september 14, Istil : re- signed. March 15, 1664 ; disability.
James 1. B. Ribible, monstered in September 10, 1862; Assistant Surgron : promoted Surgeon Thirteenth Regiment, April 20, 1961.
William M. Lamb, mustered in June 8, 1864; Axustant Surgeon, vice Ribble, promoted,
Chuputins -- A. St John Chambre, musterel in september 14, 1861 ; re- signed, March 19, 1863.
Henry B. Rashold, mustrred in March 24, 1864; Chapdain, vice Chambre, resigned.
Manuel T. Moore, munstered in September 14, 1861 ; transferred from Sixth Regiment, vice Raybold, resigned.
NUN-COMMISSIONED STAET.
Seryeunts Major-Edwin C. Nichols, mustered in -27, 18fil ; pro- inoted First Lieutenant Company HI, February 3, 1862.
Henry H. Todd, mustered in September 13, 1561 : Sergeant Com- pany K : Sergeant Major, February 21. 1802 : promoted First Lieu- tenant Company D, October 15, 1862.
John A Whitney, mustered in August 30, 1xGl ; First Sergeant Compuny E : Sergeant Major, October 8, 1862 ; promoted First Lieu- tenant Company B. Ortuber 3, 1863.
Charles H. Archer, mustered in September 1, 1861 : Private Com- pany II : Sergeant Major, October 23, 1863 ; re-enlisted, January 3, 1864 : promoted Second Lieutenant Company A, October 13, 18mil.
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