History of Essex and Hudson counties, New Jersey, Vol. I, Part 89

Author: Shaw, William H
Publication date: 1884
Publisher: [United States :]
Number of Pages: 840

USA > New Jersey > Essex County > History of Essex and Hudson counties, New Jersey, Vol. I > Part 89
USA > New Jersey > Hudson County > History of Essex and Hudson counties, New Jersey, Vol. I > Part 89

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EYE AND EAR DEPARTMENT .- Surgeon, Dr. T. Y. Sutphen ; Clinical Assistant, Dr. J. Henry Clark.

WOMAN'S HOSPITAL. - Consulting Surgeons, Drs. William Pierson, Fridolin IN, Edgar Holden ; Sur- geons, Drs. Edward J. Ill, G. N. Ballnay ; Assistant Sur- geons, Drs. Eugene L. Hollister, Edward Del. Bradin ; Clinical Assistant, Dr. A. Q. Donovan.

number of deaths reported is 29. Expenses, $6980. The medical board consists of the following physicians and surgeons: Medical and Surgical Staff, Drs. Ar- thus Ward, Daniel M. Dill, Lott Southard, W. S. Ward, W. J. Chandler, J. Frw Smith, Jr., E. J. IN ; Consulting Staff, Drs. E. J. Marsh, William .A. Smith, (. M. Zch, James Elliott, J. Il. Love, Abraham C'oles, William Pierson, Edward T. Whittingham, Edgar Holden, D. M. Skinner, D. S. Smith, 11. HI. Tichenor ; House Staff, Drs. T. W. Corwin, T. Henry Clark ; l'resident of the Board, Dr. Lott Southard ; Secretary, Dr. Arthur Ward. Executive Committee, Drs. William S. Ward, W. J. Chandler; Pathologist and Curator, Dr J. Few Smith, Jr.

Newark German Hospital, corner of Bank and Wallace Streets, was incorporated Feb. 13. 1868. It is open to all creeds and nationalities, and has accommodations for sixty persons. Board six dollars, which only patients of means are expected to pay. The number of patients during the year, five hundred. The medical board is composed (. F. J. Lehlback, Fredolin IH, Ernest Schoelller, Henry Korneman, C. T. Kipp, F. Lehmacher, Charles Vogler, Charles W. Hagen, R. Stachlin, E. J. III, A. Boll; President of the Board, Dr. F. Lemacher ; Secretary, Dr. R. Stachlin ; Home Physician, Dr. Muchfeld.

Memorial Hospital and Dispensary, located at Orange, was incorporated April -1. 1873. The dispen- osary is open daily except Sunday, from 12 M. to P.M. Attending Surgeons, Drs. William Pierson. W. J. Chandler, C. Butner, and T. W. Harvey ; Attending Physicians, Drs. E. B. Thompson, Stephen Wickes, W. 11. Holmes; House Physician, Dr. James G. Simpson.

New Jersey House for Disabled Soldiers, located at Newark, was opened JJuly 4. 1866. Commander and Surgeon, John D. Brumley, M.D.

Women's and Children's Hospital of the Home for the Friendless, corner of South Orange Avenne and Bergen Street, in the city of Newark, N. J., was established in 1852. It is open to all women and children who suffer from diseases treated therein, without respect to resid ence or nationality. During the year ending May 1, 1853, the total number of patients receiving treatment was 625, of whom 87 were hospital patients and 538 "out-department" patients. The total number of consultations (clinical

Hospital of St. Barnabas, situated at the corner of High Street and Montgomery Street, Newark, was incorporated in 1867, and is under the charge of the Sisterhood of St. Margaret ( Episcopal). t'apacity, fifty beds. It contains a special ward for children and a lying-in department. Patients are admitted without regard to color, race or religion. The total number treated during the year Is83, 351. The | visits) wns 216-1. The medical board consists of the

34×

HISTORY OF ESSEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.

following physierins and surgeons: President, Dr. J. following, at Newark, to organize the same. The M. Rand; Vice-President, Dr. S. Wasson Jones; names of these gentlemen, given in full, are Joseph Treasurer, Dr. G. W. Stickney; Secretary, Dr. Thomas Quimby, Stephen Manning, David T. Craig, Philemon Manning were subsequently nominated as censors for the county of Essex. N. Bradfield. The hospital staff is as follows: , Elmer and John Williams. Drs. Elmer, Craig and Attending Physicians, Drs. J. M. Rand and C. W. Stickney ; Attending Surgeon, Dr. >. Wasson Jones; Gynecologist, Dr. Thomas N. Bradfield; Pathologist, Dr. R. G. Stanwood; House Surgeon, Dr. J. H. Hedden ; House Physician. Dr. H. Beddell Crane ; Dental Surgeon, Dr. J. Chadsey : Pharmacist, R. Y. Chedister ; Assistant Pharmacist, S. Epstein.

Newark City Hospital, situated on Elizabeth Avenue. corner of Concord Street, was incorporated Feb. 23, 1853. It is under the management of a board of directors consisting of fifteen persons and, of this board the mayor of the city, the president of the Common Council and the chairman of the finance committee are er-officio members. The executive work of the hospital is conducted by a visiting committee of three members, the committee being changed each month by the retirement of one and the appointment of another in his place. From this com- mittee monthly reports are received by the board. The hospital is designed for the relief of the indigent sick and disabled of the city of Newark, without regard to race or color. Admission to it is obtained on application to any member of the board of directors, any member of the medical board, health physician, overseer of the poor or police surgeon.

The board assumed the management of the hospital on the Ist of May, 1883, it having previously been in the hands of the committees on poor and alms of the Common Council. The first report was made on the 1st of January, 1884, and covers a period of eight months only. During this time the cases treated in the hospital were as follows: 149 medical, 118 surgi- cal, and 19 midwifery. Out of these there were thirty deaths.

The medical board of the hospital is constituted as follows : Surgeons, Peter V. P. Hewlitt, M.D., Charles Young, M. D., Archibald Mercer, M.D., Eugene L. Hollister, M.D. ; Physicians, Andrew M. Mills, M.D., George R. Kent, M.D., Robert Staehlin, M.D., David L. Wallace, M.D. ; Officers of the Board, Peter V. ('. Hewlitt, M.D., president ; David L. Wallace, MI.D., secretary , Executive Committee, Charles Young, M.D., George R. Kent, M.D. (one vacancy to be filled). House Staff: M. 11. Fletcher. resident house physician and surgeon ; Stephen R. Wilson, superin- tendent ; Mary C. Wilson, matron.

The Essex District Medical Society was estab- lished under a resolution adopted by the Medical Society of New Jersey, at a meting held in New Brunswick, N. 1., May 14, 1816. By virtue of Fection 3 of the amended art of incorporation, Drs. Quimby, S. Manning Craig, P. Ehner and Williams were se- lected from the number of physicians and surgeons of the county as original members of the county society and authorized to meet on the first Tuesday of June

The first meeting of the Essex District Society was held in accordance with a notice which appeared June 4, 1816, in the Newark Continel of Freedom signed by William MeKissac, secretary of the State Medical Society. No place of meeting is designated in the notice, but all regular licensed practitioners of physic and surgery were invited to be present.

The meeting was well attended, and among those present were James Lee, John Ward, Uzal Johnson, Abraham Clark, and Samuel Hayes, of Newark; Eleazer D. Ward, of Bloomfield; Samuel L. Ward, of Belleville; and Daniel Babbit, of Orange. Besides these, the members authorized to organize the society were also present.

John D. Williams was chosen president ; Uzal Johuson, vice-president ; Joseph Quimby, secretary ; and Samuel Hayes, treasurer. James Lee, Abraham Clark and John Ward were appointed a committee to report by-laws and regulations for the government of the society

Since its formation the meetings of the society have been held with great regularity, and its minutes have all been preserved, except those of the annual meet- ings of 1867 and 1868.

For a complete list of the officers of the society we are indebted to Dr. Stephen Wickes. It will be seen by their residences that during its early history the county of Essex covered a much larger territory than it does at the present time.

The following is a list of the officers of the society, giving their residences and the years they served :

PRESIDENTS.

John D. Williams, Connectient Farms, from 1816-17 ; dird 1826, aged sixty-one.

I zal Johnson, Newark, from 1815-24 ; died le27, aged seventy-siv. IsHar Pieren, Orange, from 1825-26 ; died 183's, aged sixty-three.

William Ellison, Paterson, from 1827-28 ; died 1x20, aged sixty-Boven. John Ward, Newark, from 1:29-30 ; died 1836, aged sixty-two.

Samuel Hayes, Newark, from 1x11-32 : died 1839, ngel sixty-there. William Pierson, Jr. (1), Orange, from 18:33-31; dird 1ss2, aged eighty -six.

Abraham Cumpli bl, Newark, 1835 ; died 1×47, aged fifty.

Jule G. Gilde, Newark, 136 ; die Jest, agol ity.

George R. Chetwin, Elizabeth, 18 37.

Cora Osborn, Westfield, fram 1838-39 ; died -.

Whitfield No hols; Newark, from Isto-11 ; died 151, agod forty-four.

S. F. Arms, Elizabeth, from 1×12-R , died 1877, agood seventy-three.

Namnet It. Pennington, Newark, from 1811 15.

Abraluun Coles, Newark, from Ist-6

.. Q. Stearns, Elizabeth, Ixix, died 1 al, aged sixty-eight.

James Nichols, Newark, ISPI, dird laty, aged thirty-four.

John F. Ward, Newark, from Istdl , died 1873, aged fifty-eight.

Mesunder N. Dougherty, Newark, From 182-33 ; died 1882, aga BINty.

Lyndon A. Smith, Newark, From Fat 30 ; died IN, aged seventy.

J. South Crane, Elizabeth, from In-

Christopher G. Eyrich, Newark, from 1 30, died 1876, 1g wewonty-four.

Milton Ballwin, Newark, 19h0.

3-49

ESSEX COUNTY AGRICULTURAL INTERESTS.

Stephen Wakes, Orange, from 161-62. William Mortimer Brown, \"wark, 180%, . und lad, agal forty-eight. William Pierwou, Jr : , Orange, 1804. John A. Corwin, Nowork, Inni. Addison W. Woodhull, Newark, 1866 , die 1 1-76.

J Henry Clark, Newark, IN67 ; died Istg.

Arthur Warl, X-wark, It's. Lewis W. Oakley, Ehzabeth, 1869. Eugene Jobs, springheld, 1570 diod May 22, 1575. William O'Gorman, Newark, 1871.

1. 11. J. Love, Montelair, 1-72.

Isaac A. Nichols, Newark, 1573 ; ted Isso, aged nifty-two.

Elwant S. Whittingham, Mourn, 1874.

Jeremiah A. U'rom, Newark, Is; .; died Iss1, aged Afty-four. Lott Southard, Newark, 1876.

stephen Perwnette, Verona, 1577 ; hed 1480, aged sixty-seven. Edward D. G. Smith, Newark, Isis, died 1575, aged fifty-one. Elgar Hollen, Newark, IST !.

T'harlee J. Kipp, Newark, INN.

Charles Young, Newark, ISAl.

Daniel M. skinner, Belleville, Iss2.

l'eter V. P. Hewlett, Newark, Iss.I.

William J. Chandler, South Orange, 1ss1.

SECRETARIES.

Jeph Quimby, Wietheld, Ials, dievl 1835, aged sixty-five. Abraham t'Inrk, Newark, fruitn Is17-26 ; died 1834, aged eighty -tru. Jabez G. Noble, Newark, from 1-26-32 ; died IN, aged sixty

samuel II. Pennington, Newark, from 1832-36.

Stephen Conger, Newark, from 1:36-41.

William T. Mercer, Newark, from 1841-78. Addison W Woodhull, Newark, 1859 ; died 1876, nged forty-five.

Himun 11 Tichener, Newark, from 1-60-02.

Bethuel L. Dold, Newark, from 1843-69.

Charles Young. Newark, from 1870-78.

Archibald Mercer, Newark, Ists . still serving.

TREASURERS.

Samuel Hayes, Newark, from 1×16-32 ; dial 1839, aged sixty-three. Manham Campfield, Newark, from 1832-33 , died 1×17, aged fifty. Whitfield Nichols, Nowark, From 183- 8; died 1851, aged forty -four. A. W. Reeves, Newark, from Is.is-51.

William M. Brown, Newark, frion 1851-62 ; died 1964, aged forty- eight.

Luther ti. Thomas. Newark, from 1863-64 ; died 1864, aged thirty-four. Edward P. Nichols, Newark, from 1-05-71.

Fal. D. ti, Smith, Newark, from 1871-75 ; diedl 1878, nged fifty-one. William Rankin, Jr., Newark, 1>75 ; still serving.

CHAPTER XXXII.

ESSEX COUNTY AGRICULTURAL INTERESTS.1

IN the year 1666 a small colony from three towns in Connecticut landed and made a settlement on the banks of the Passaic, and made barter the following year with the Indians for the landed property which now constitutes the city of Newark and the county of Essex, State of New Jersey. These sturdy yeomen, small in number, but determined in purpose, could not then have realized that this small beginning would, inside of two and a quarter centuries, have grown up in prosperity and wealth to be one of the most populous and wealthy counties in any State in the country, The first settlement was made by those men from Connecticut, nine miles by land and twenty-

seven by water from New York. The apple was planted extensively soon after the settlement, on a wide range of the cleared land. As early as 1652 Governor d'arteret, writing to the proprietors in Eng land, said, "At Newark is made great quantities of rider, execeding any that we have from New England, Rhode Island or Long Island."

The high quality of Newark cider has been main- tained from then until now. The red elay soil. the debris of the red sandstone, has been congenial to the growth and fine quality of the apple and pear ; in fact there is no part of the State of New Jersey where the fruit is superior to that grown in the county of Essex, and where the soil has been properly tilled and ferti- lized, agricultural products have always met the best expectations of the cultivator.

In a law passed in 1675, establishing county court-, it was enacted that Elizabethtown and Newark make a county with two sessions of the court in a year, but no name, or other designation of the county lines was given, nor were there any boundaries defined.

By an aet to divide the Province into four counties, passed by the General Assembly in 1682, it was en- acted as follows: " Essex and the county thereof to contain all the settlements between the west side of the Hackensack River and the parting line between Woodbridge, Elizabethtown and so to extend west- ward and northward to the utmost boundaries of the Province."

By the boundary lines fixed in 1709-10 the Essex County line commenced at the mouth of the Rahway River, where it empties into the sound, up the river to Robeson's branch (Rahway), and thenee west to the line between the former eastern and western divisions of the colony, and so to follow the said division line to Pequaneek River, where it merts the Passaic River, thence down the Passaic to the bay and sound.

This boundary ran from Rahway to the north branch of the Raritan River, thence north-easterly to ur near Mendham, where it intersected the Pas- saic and followed the course of that river to its mouth.

These boundaries were slightly altered in 1741 by annexing a small part of the county to Somerset, which county had been set apart in 1688. Morris County was set off from Hunterdon in 1738-9 and did not include any part of Essex, the Passaie River being then, as it is now, the dividing-line of the two counties. The area of Essex County at this date, 1741, was two hundred and forty-one and a half square miles, or one hundred and fifty-four thousand six hundred neres.

Passaic County was created Feb. 7, 1437, the line running from North Belleville direct to the Passaic nt Little Falls, cutting off the township of Acquacka- nonk. The bulk of this county was taken from Ber- gen and did not greatly diminish Essex.

Union County was set off mainly from Essex, March 19, 1857, leaving the area of Essex County about one

By P. T. Quinn.

350

HISTORY OF ESSEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.

hundred and twenty-five square miles, or eighty thou- sand acres.

The area of marsh land in Essex is 4282 acres of tide marsh in Newark, 333 of wet meadow in Living- ston and 2617 in Caldwell, a total of 7232 acres. In 1685 the acreage of Newark and out plantations was 50,000 : Elizabeth and 0,00; and out plantations 60,000.

County Society Organized .- The Essex County Society for the Promotion of Agriculture, Horticul- ture and Manufactures was organized in 1844 with the following list of officers: President, Isaac D. Dod, of West Bloomfield; First Vice-President, Dr. Wil- liam Pierson of Orange; Second Vice-President, Ja- bez. W. Hayes of Newark; Secretary, Marcus L. annual address was to have been made by Bishop Ward of Newark ; Treasurer, John Wilde of Bloom- Doane, but sickness prevented the attendance of the field.

Executive Committee, Amos Potter Jr. of New Providence ; Isaac M. Hand, of Springfield ; Gideon Ross, Westfield : Hugh H. Bowne, Rahway ; James W. Wade. Union; Geo. R. Chetwood, Elizabeth ; Thomas D. Kilburn, Clinton ; Moses B. Coc, John Ogden, Leonard Richards, Beach Vanderpool, Lewis Nichols, Isaac Baldwin, Newark ; Abiathar Harrison, Enos J. Halsted, Ira Harrison, Thompson C. Munn, Orange ; John Munn, Bloomfield; Hugh F. Ran- dolph, Belleville; Ashbel F. Cook, Livingston ; Nathaniel S. Crane, Caldwell.

In 1845, William Wright, of Newark, was elected president ; William Pierson and Jabez W. Hayes, vice-presidents ; Thompson C. Munn, recording secretary ; Charles W. Badger, corresponding seere- tary ; Marcus L. Ward, treasurer.

In 1846 the only changes were John S. Darcy cor- responding secretary in place of C. W. Badger.

The name was changed to the Essex County Institute in 1847 when the officers elected were In the evening Prof. Mapes made an address on the necessity of protection and encouragement of our own manufacturers, the importance of agriculture and the Jabez W. Hayes, president ; Moses B. Coe and Joseph A. Halsey, vice-presidents; James FF. Bond, recording secretary ; Dr. L. A. Smith, correspond- superiority of American inventive genius over that of ing secretary ; Isaac C. Winans, treasurer.

William Pennington served one term as president in 1851, and Prof. James J. Mapes was one of the vice-presidents : T. C. Munn was recording secre- tary and John R. Weeks, treasurer. In 1853 1. M. Ward was elected a vice-president in place of Prof. Mapes.

noon of the third day an address was delivered in the Second Presbyterian (Brick) Church by Prof. Gar- dener, of New York, which was described in the newspapers as an admirable exposition of the appli- cation of science to agriculture. The prizes were of small value, but the competition in fruits seems to have been quite interesting. The second fair was held at Stewart's Hotel in Newark in connection with the exhibition of the State Horticultural Society. It was considered the best show of fruit that had ever been made in the state, and a committee from the American Institute expressed much gratification, pro- nouncing the peaches and grapes as altogether superior to any they had seen on exhibition. The

reverend prelate, and his place was supplied by H. Meigs, Esq., of the American Institute. The third fair was held at the same place in September, 1846, and was pronounced in the highest degree honorable to the city and county, and altogether satisfactory to the society.

In 1847 the fair was held at the court-house and was in most respects superior to any of its predecessors. The attendance was over ten thousand persons, and the receipts $646.29, which seemed to be a large sum in these days, judging from the elated account given of the fair in the newspapers. The charge for admission was one shilling. An address was made by Rev. Dr. Barlow of Peekskill. N. Y., the principal aim of which was to show the inalienable right of every man to a portion of the soil of his country, declaiming with much vehemence against the aristocratie institu- tions of England, whereby he contended man was reduced to the level of the serf, and his right in the soil taken from him to aggrandize the few.

foreign countries.

The sixth exhibition was also held at the court- house, and here for the first time, carriages and other large articles were shown in a shed erected for the purpose in the court-house yard. The plowing match of this season's fair excited great interest. There were seventeen competitors who exhibited their skill

The first annual fair was held at the l'ark House, in husbandry, on the corner of the Springfield Turn- Orange, on the 15th, 16th and 17th of October, 1844, pike and Belmont avenue. The first prize, a silver In the published announcement of the fair, the medal, was awarded to A. B. Munn; second prize to Ira Condit, and third to T. C. Munn, each of Orange. society called upon the citizens of the county to con- tribute agrienltural and horticultural products and Each successive year the fair was continued with implements of husbandry. The committee charged ' apparently fair success and with more diversified pro- with the preparatory arrangements were Abiathar ducts of mechanical skill. In 1850 a gold medal was awarded to the firm of Hewes & Phillips for a station- ary steam engine, which the managers declared to be the most complete, as to beauty of workmanship and unity of parts that had ever been exhibited. A gold n.edal was also awarded to A. D. Crane, for an astro- Harrison, Thomas b. Kilburn, Charles Harrison, Jonas Smith and Ira Harrison. It was considered quite a successful exhibition, but it was unattended by the trials of speed which are now prominent features of County Agricultural Fairs. On the after-

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ESSEX COUNTY AGRICULTURAL INTERESTS.

nomical clock. In the fair of 1×51, a greater impetus has at the present time an estimated population of was endeavored to be given to the exhibition by news- paper articles in reference to the great exhibition in London, but there was not so much enthusiasm either among the managers or the public as on previous ex- hibitions, and this was the last fair held by the Insti- tute.

State Agricultural Society reorganized, and grounds located in Essex County. In April, 1866, the State Agricultural Society came to the conclusion that it would be to their interest to reorganize as a stock association and purchase grounds for a permanent location. The capital of this association was made ninety thousand dollars, in shares of twenty-five dollars each. There were sixty thousand dollars of the stock subscribed for at once, and the managers bought fifty acres of land near Waverly Station, on the Pennsyl- I vania Rail Road in Clinton township, Essex County, for their permanent location. These grounds were laid out with judgment, skill, and care, and they are now the handsomest, and best adapted for the purposes they are intended for, of any in the country.

The Society hold annual exhibitions the third week in September, and has been prosperous from the start. The number of entries have increased each year in every department, and noticeably in agricultural and horticultural products. In the latter the show surpasses any on the Atlantic sea- board.

Essex County's Contributions .- Essex County contributes a large share each year to this department and the competition has stimulated greater efforts among the fruit growers in the county, in raising choice apples, pears, and grapes, for which the soil and climate are well adapte 1. This, with the nearness to market gives the land in this county a higher value than any county in the State. This is sure to continue so on account of the rapid growth of the manufactur- ing industries in this county. The soil ranges from a heavy clay, with a clay subsoil, to that of a clay loam. There is but a small area of light or sandy soil in the county. Some of the heaviest of this soil needs underdraining before the maximum results can be had from cultivation. But with these improvements and liberal manuring, the soil will yield a liberal return for the expenditure, and more than pay for such a judi- cious outlay.

Official area of Essex County .- At the last official measurement, Essex County had a total of 12.477 square miles and 79,852 acres of surface. Of this num- ber of acres there are 2950 of wet and low marsh meadows, unfit for cultivation. Newark with an estimated population of 155,000 is the county town. Besides this prosperous manufacturing city there are a dozen beautiful towns and villages which have had a healthy and steady growth in population during the last quarter of a century. There towns include the Oranges, Bloomfield, Montelair, Belleville, Caldwell, Irvingtou, Livingston, and Fairmont. The county

over two hundred thousand, and with its many superior advantages both for manufacturing industries and country homes there are hundreds of acres of high and picturesque sites suitable for homes of the wealthy and prosperous mechanics. Owing to the nearness to New York and the excellent and cheap facilities for reaching every part of the county, these comfortable dwellings are multiplying rapidly in the county and the growth is sure to continue in the future. The property has been in such demand for these pur- poses that now there is but a very limited area devoted to legitimate agricultural, or horticultural purposes, and this area grows less from year to year.

Products of Essex County .- The value of the land is too high to carry on with profit legitimate farming. In available districts where the lands are in good heart, prices range from two hundred to four hundred dollars per acre. The result is that cach succeeding year more surfare is devoted to the growth of straw- berries, raspberries, currants, blackberries, grapes, and other small fruits, as well as vegetables for the markets of New York and Newark. Owners of farms find it to their advantage to turn their attention to crops such as named, and when they once take a start in this direction they increase the surface under such crops. each succeeding year. There are fruit-growers in the county at present, who raise annually over one thou- sand bushels of strawberries, and they claim they can grow more bushels of strawberries on an aere than they can of potatoes, and at a trille more cost. Now the maximum price for potatoes ranges from seventy cents to a dollar a bushel, while a bushel of strawberries will net from three to three and a half dollars. l'ig- ures and results of this kind are most convincing arguments that where farming land is high, with good reliable home markets farmers should avail them- selves of such superior advantages and raise perishable products, having a high market value. This is the policy followed by hundreds of farmers in Essex County, and many more are sure to follow in the same direction. In writing the history of Essex County, past and present, no impartial judge can overlook one important factor which exerted a most beneficial influence on the prosperity of the county.

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History of Essex and Hudson counties, New Jersey, Vol. I, Part 89

Author: Shaw, William H Publication date: 1884 Publisher: [United States :] Number of Pages: 840

Author: Shaw, William H
Publication date: 1884
Publisher: [United States :]
Number of Pages: 840