USA > New York > Jefferson County > History of Jefferson County, New York, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 130
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524
HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY, NEW YORK.
Nail-works were erected in 1828, and continued about ten years, the nails being made from bar-iron. In 1846 an extensive nail-factory and rolling-mill were built by Hiram McCollom, which have long since been discontinued, and in 1849 and 1850 an extensive cotton-factory. While this factory was being built, Mr. William Manning, one of the workmen who was engaged upon the building, fell from the roof, a distance of seventy-one feet, striking in a small but rapid stream of water. This stream, although but a few inches in depth, prevented him striking directly upon the rocks, and his friends found him seated upon the rocks, slightly bruised, but with no bones broken.
The State road to the Oswegatchie, opened in 1802-6, afforded the principal avenue to St. Lawrence county, and made this point one of much importanee, as through it must pass all the travel to the central and southern parts of the State. The St. Lawrence turnpike, built in 1812-13, added another avenue to the northern settlements, and made the erection of a bridge necessary.
TOLL-BRIDGE.
An act was passed, June 8, 1812, authorizing Russell Atwater and associates " to build a toll-bridge, over Black river, at the place where the State road leading to Oswe- gatchie crosses, the same being at the head of the Long Falls, in Champion, in the county of Jefferson." The principal party in this enterprise is understood to have been David Parish, the eminent financier, and extensive purchaser of northern lands. The act required the bridge to be sixteen feet wide, well built, and completed before Nov., 1813. Before opening, it was to be examined by the road commissioners of Champion, and the act was to continue in force twenty years. If damaged and not re- paired within twelve months, it was to revert to the State. A bridge was accordingly erected in 1812, the architect being Ezra Church, and maintained till 1829. On the 28th day of March in that year, the act was extended twenty years, as the bridge was so decayed that it required to be rebuilt. Early in 1829, an effort was made to seeure by subscription the means of building a free bridge; a meeting of the towns was called, and the piers of the toll- bridge were purchased for $500. At this time, those in- terested in the lower part of the village, among whom the most active was Mr. Joseph C. Budd, started a project of erecting a bridge aeross the river, among the islands which abound at the Long Falls, and this project, aided by Mr. Le Ray and others, led to the erection of a passage aeross the river, by a series of five bridges thrown from island to island. At the next spring flood this bridge was injured, and it was again repaired. The next flood so injured the work that it was never repaired, and it soon fell into ruin. The upper bridge, through the influence of Dr. Eli West and others, was built by subscription the same summer (1829) as a free bridge, at a cost of $1600, and lasted eleven years, when, in 1840, it being found necessary to rebuild, a meeting of Champion and Wilna was called, which procured an act, May 7, allowing a loan from the school-fund of $2500 to Champion; $750 to Le Ray ; $2000 to Wilna ; and $750 to Pamelia for bridges ; among others, this one. A covered bridge was built, at a cost of
$5000, which lasted until 1853, when preparations had been made to rebuild, and the contract was let. An act was passed, April 11, 1853, assuming it as a State work, on the ground that it was over a portion of the river which is acknowledged to be a part of the Black River Canal. During the summer and fall of 1853 a substantial bridge was built by the State.
Within ten years from the first improvement of this town, settlements had begun along the main road north, and inns had been opened by Alfred Freeman, at the " Checkered House," and Henry Lewis, located nine miles from the river. Few farms were located, however, before the War of 1812. The iron business, with the several branches of industry which it fostered, with the advan- tages of a valuable water-power, and the vicinity of an early-settled distriet upon the opposite side of the river, gave a gradual growth to the village of Carthage.
THE FIRST STEAMBOAT
that navigated the Black river was called the " Cornelia," and was built at Carthage in 1832, by Mr. Paul Boynton, for a stock company consisting of Vincent Le Ray, Wil- liam Bones, J. C. Budd, Hiram McCollom, Eli West, Seth Hooker, and James Welch, and others. The cost of this boat was $6000. Its keel was 90 feet long, and the breadth across the guards 22 feet. The first trip was made Sept. 22, 1832, to Lowville, where she grounded, and was got off with much difficulty. The boat continued to run the ensuing season to the High Falls, with an hourly speed of six and one-half miles, frequently getting aground, and proving to be too large for the river, and eventually be- coming nearly a total loss to the proprietors, of whom Mr. Le Ray was the principal. A thrilling incident occurred during the first trip of this boat to the falls. The man at the tiller, wishing to show the party on board and the spec- tators on shore the qualities of his craft, steered up so near the falls that, as he turned, the spray from the torrent deluged the deck, and the boat itself came within a few feet of being brought under the fall. Fortunately there was a heavy pressure of steam up at the moment, and they eseaped with a thorough drenching.
This attempt proved the practicability of navigating the river forty-two and a half miles, and the steamer " Cornelia" made several trips during the summers of 1832 and 1833. During the summer of 1834 it remained most of the time at the wharf in Carthage, on account of low water in the river. In the spring of 1835, during high water, it in some way got loose from its fastenings and was carried over the dam. It lodged among the rocks a short distance below the dam. The machinery was taken out by J. P. Hodg- kins, and was afterwards sold and used in iron mines in St. Lawrence county.
The only distillery ever built within the town was owned by John Bossout. It was erected at an early day, but used only a short time. The fact that no other distillery was ever operated can be accounted for from the fact that the land-titles were derived from Mr. Le Ray, and a clause was inserted in every contract of conveyanee, forbidding the ereetion of distilleries.
April 22, 1834, an act was passed authorizing the survey
525
HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY, NEW YORK.
of a canal from the High Falls to the Erie eanal, with a navigable feeder, and an improvement of the river to Car- thage. It was at this time that large numbers located at Carthage, believing that this was destined to become an important shipping-point.
A large tannery was built by Nimoeks and Peck in 1831, upon an island below the dam. This building is still used as a tannery, and is owned by Mr. McCoy, who has made large additions to the building.
On the night of January 1, 1840, a small wooden build- ing situated upon the main street in the village of Carthage, and used at the time as a tailor-shop, was destroyed by fire, and a Mr. Coyle, who occupied the premises at the time, was burned.
RAILWAY.
A company was formed under the title of " The Black River & St. Lawrence Railroad Co.," with a capital of $380,000. The construction of a railroad from Carthage to Harrisville was commeneed in that year. The town of Wilna was bonded for $50,000 for the construction of the road, which was laid from Carthage to Natural Bridge, a distance of ten miles, and grading was done towards Harrisville, Lewis Co. The proposed length of the road was 38 miles. It was built of wood, and extended towards a region rich in ores of iron and forests of timber, and, if made a permanent iron road, would be a very important one. The road, however, proved a failure. After expending a vast amount of money in its construction, it was finally abandoned.
The bridge at Carthage village has been twice broken down. The first occasion was upon September 13, 1862, when a drove of cattle were crossing, and a span of the bridge 80 feet in length was precipitated into the river. Although the water was at the time unusually high, none of the cattle were injured. On March 29, 1865, while two loaded teams were upon the bridge, about 70 feet of the structure gave way beneath them, and one of the teamsters (a Mr. Chadwick ) and Henry Erwin, a boy who was riding with him at the time, were drowned.
April 20, 1862, the river and its tributaries were higher than they had ever before been known ; brooks were sud- - denly swollen into torrents, and no less than twenty bridges in the town of Wilna were swept away.
Nearly all of the business portion of Carthage was de- stroyed by a succession of fires which occurred upon July 29, 1862, Dec. 22, 1862, and May 12, 1863.
WAR OF THE REBELLION.
When the tidings of Sumter's fall came flashing along the telegraph-wires, closely followed by the president's call for men to put down an organized rebellion, the patriotic spirit of Carthage was thoroughly aroused. Martial bands paraded the streets, and the din of preparation resounded upon every hand. During the evening that followed the . reception of the news, a party of men had assembled in one of the stores in the village to discuss the situation, and a remark was made by one of the party to the effect that there was not a flag to be seen upon a public building in the village. Mr. George O'Leary, the village justice, who was present, stated that before the sun arose upon the fol-
lowing morning the stars and stripes would float from the spire of St. James' church. Mr. O'Leary, being unable to procure a flag in the village, purchased the material. The flag was manufactured during the night by a few patriotic ladies, and fastened just beneath the eross upon the spire of the church. The sight of the flag awakened the enthu- siasm of the crowds upon the street, and when it was known that Mr. O'Leary had placed it there, he was sought out by the villagers, and a procession was formed headed by a martial band. After parading the principal streets, they repaired to the church, where a speech was made by Mr. O'Leary, during which, pointing to the flag and cross above them, he remarked that it was a fitting association of the two great emblems of man's salvation and of a nation's freedom. A few days after this occurrenee the following lines from the pen of Mr. O'Leary appeared in the village paper :
" RAISE HIGH THE BANNER.
"Ye sons of old Ireland, honest and true, Your country adopted appeals now to you. Her banner unfurled to the breeze let flow ; 'Tis the flag of Columbia, down ne'er let it go. Behold it dishonored, and trailed in the dust, By tyrants and helots whose names are accursed. Grasp, grasp the loved banner, and raise it on high, For 'neath its proud folds we all fain would die.
" Yes, raise it on high, and mareh right along With the drum, and the musie, and the patriot song ; Grasp, grasp the loved banner, and ne'er let it go,
. For freedom is erushed the moment you do. Lift up the loved banner, and high let it be, For I see by its stars it was made for the free. True sons of old Erin helped to raise it on high, And 'neath its proud folds did Montgomery die.
" How oft we have struggled, how often in vain, In hopes for dear Erin a flag we might gain ! But here we are now, in the home of the free, The Star-Spangled Banner insulted to see. Then raise it on high, I implore you once more; 'Tis the banner which Washington honored of yore. Your countrymen helped him to raise it on high, And prayed that the chieftain's work never would die."
INCIDENTS.
Some time during the year 1864, a man calling himself Oliver Davis came into the town, and hired rooms in Mr. McCollom's block. He had no apparent business, and when questioned replied that he expected to go into business in the spring. He remained until January, 1865, when he suddenly disappeared. Shortly after his departure Mr. McCollom missed several articles. An officer was sent in pursuit of Davis, and he was overtaken near the city of Watertown, and returned to Carthage. It was found that he had in his possession large quantities of stolen goods. While the offi- cer in charge of the prisoner was engaged in conducting him to the office of the justice, a stranger* hurried through the crowd and attempted his reseuc. The attempt was, however, unsuccessful, and the prisoner was taken before the justice. Here the stranger again interfered, and de- manded the discharge of Davis, upon the ground that he was a soldier in the service of the United States Govern- ment, and further stated that should the justice refuse to
# A prominent attorney from Herkimer county.
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HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY, NEW YORK.
discharge him, he (the justice) would be imprisoned within Fort Lafayette within forty-eight hours. The justice re- plied that he did not know of the existence of martial law in Jefferson County, and that he should do what he dcemed to be his duty, regardless of the consequences. Davis was afterwards convieted, and served for a term of years in the State-prison at Auburn.
During the winter of 1864 a man living a short distance north of the village of Carthage started for the village. The night was intensely cold, and a severe storm was raging. He lost his way in the darkness, and wandered about until overcome by the cold. His body was found upon the following morning but a short distance from the village.
THE VILLAGE OF CARTHAGE
was incorporated May 26, 1841. The bounds were made to begin at a point south, 45° east, thirty chains from the south corner of the stone nail-factory ; thenee north, 45° east, sixty chains; thence north, 45° west, sixty chains ; thence south, 45° west, to the line between Champion and Wilna; and thence along said line to the place of begin- ning. The charter is after the model of that of the village of Seneca Falls, and provides for the election of five trus- tees. The charter was amended by an act passed in 1870. Since that time but three trustees have been elected annu- ally. The first trustees elected were, in 1841, Virgil Brooks (president), Sucl Gilbert, Ebenezer Hodgkins, Amos Choate, and Walter Nimocks. The following per- sons have since been elected trustees, the one first named in each year being chosen president :
1842. Virgil Brooks, Amos Choate, Elijah Horr, Eben Hodgkins, William Blodget.
1843. Hiram McCollom, Joseph C. Bndd, Theodore S. Hammond, Samuel J. Davis, Alvah II. Johnson.
1844. Hiram McCollom, Joseph C. Budd, J. P. Hodgkins, Kellogg E. Parker, Clark Dodge.
1845. Eli West, Hiram MeCollom, Clark Dodge, Suel Gilbert, Amos Choate.
1846. Eli West, Hiram MeCollom, Amos Choate, Samnel A. Budd, Samuel J. Davis.
1847. Hiram McCollom, Eli West, Clark Dodge, Suel Gilbert, Seth L. King.
1848. Hiram McCollom, Alvah H. Johnson, Clark Dodge, Seth L. King, Suel Gilbert.
1849. Hiram McCollom, Clark Dodge, Suel Gilbert, R. Riee, S P. Davis.
1850. Patriek S. Stewart, Walter Nimocks, Horace Hooker, Hiram L. Chambers.
1851. John B. Johnson, R. Riee, Joseph Crouner, Minor Guyot, Charles H. Kimball.
1852. Eli West, HI. C. Rice, John Hewit, Samuel C. Hopkins, Seth Freneh.
1853. Eli West, John S. Edwards, Herman Rulison, Walter Nimoeks, Charles H. Kimball.
1854. Orlin Holcomb, Joseph H. Root, Richard Gallagher, C. L. Frederick, J. P. Hodgkins.
1855. William D. Levis, Samuel W. Gilbert, N. D. Ferguson, T. J. Morgan, Ezra Hodgkins.
1856. Eli West, Clark Dodge, Samuel J. Davis, N. D. Ferguson, N. Tuttle.
1857. Samuel J. Davis, Clark Dodge, Noyes Tuttle, N. D. Ferguson, Eli West.
1858. Joseph Crouner, Alexander Brown, William A. Peck, Nelson D. Ferguson, Abner P. Gilbert.
1859. Eli West, Charles W. Smith, Hiram MeCollom, John B. John- son, Richard Gallagher.
1860. Richard Gallagher, Alexan ler Brown, Joseph H. Root, Minor Guyot, A. P. Gilbert.
1861. S. S. Iloyt, Hager Shaffer, J. T. Walsh, S. C. Hopkins, George M. Brown.
1862. Richard Gallagher, Horace Hooker, Charles T. Hammond, Justus Kesler, A. P. Gilbert.
1863. Charles T. Hammond, Abner P. Gilbert, Justus Kesler, Samuel C. Hopkins, George M. Brown.
1864. Horaee Hooker, Richard Gallagher, Suel Gilbert, William Wynch, John Hewit.
1865. George Gilbert, Myron Raplee, J. H. Root, Rollin Dickerman, Nicholas Wagner.
1866. L. J. Goodale, H. Hooker, S. S. Hoyt, H. Rulison, M. P. Mason.
1867. Augustus Babcock, Rollin Dickerman, H. W. Hammond, H. J. Kellogg, A W. Sylvester.
1868. Rollin Dickerinan, HI. W. Hammond, H. J. Kellogg, W. A. Babcock, A. W. Sylvester.
1869. T. J. Morgan, James S. Ward, Joseph Crouner, E. Macomber, Jaines II. Morrow.
1870. S. S. Iloyt, N. Wagner, II. W. Hammond, Orlin Holcomb, II. J. Kellogg.
1871. S. S. Hoyt, N. Wagner, H. J. Kellogg.
1872. Samuel Branaugh, Heman II. Frink, Frederick Hues.
1873. Nicholas Wagner, Augustus Babcock, Joseph II. Root.
1874. Alonzo W. Sylvester, John Hewit, Charles F. Bissell.
1875. Charles P. Ryther, L. N. Stephens, Richard Gallagher.
1876. Charles P. Ryther, Richard Gallagher, John E. Strickland, Rollin Dickerman, Charles Bissell.
1877. Charles Rugg, Richard Gallagher, John E. Strickland, Rollin Diekerman, Patrick Corcoran.
The village, having a population of about 2000, is finely situated upon Black river, at the northern terminus of the Black River canal improvement. It is a station upon the Utiea and Black River R. R., and contains a post-office,* six churches, a bank, a newspaper office, a graded school, six dry-goods stores, four clothing-stores, two general hard- ware-stores, two drug-stores, thrce boot and shoe-stores, three harness-stores, three meat-markets. There are four hotels in the village: The Lyons House, John Cole, propr. ; The Hatch House, Geo. Fredenburgh, propr .; Peck House, Peck Bros., proprs. ; Spencer House, Wm. Baum, propr. The hydraulic power in Carthage is not fully occupied. It supplies two tanneries, two saw-mills, a sash- and blind- factory, a blast-furnace, two foundries and machine-shops, two cabinet-shops, a rake-manufactory, a grist-mill, two planing-mills, four carriage- and wagon-shops, and an axe- factory.
CARTHAGE FIRE DEPARTMENT.
The first fire company was organized, July 24, 1841, with Samuel A. Budd as captain, and was called " The Carthage, No. 1." The record shows that almost every year, upon the change of village officers, the old companies were pro forma disbanded, and new ones accepted, with the same officers and members. The old hand-engine was purchased, Aug. 12, 1842, for $300, of L. Burton & Co. June 9, 1843, a new fire company was organized, and called the " Washington Fire Co." A cistern with a capacity of 400 barrels was built in 1849, on the corner of School and State streets. The first hook-and-ladder company was formed May 24, 1851, Levi Wood, captain. April 9, 1852, a new hook-and-ladder company was formed.
# The present postmaster at Carthage is Jesse E. Willis; at Natural Bridge, Isaac W. Nichols; at North Wilna, Sanford Lewis; at Wilna, Lewis Fargo.
1
527
HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY, NEW YORK.
From this period, nothing further was done by the village in the way of keeping up an organized fire department until Dec. 12, 1870. In the interim, three special elec- tions had been held for the purpose of purchasing adequate fire apparatus. During the year 1859, the present village hall and engine-house was purchased and completed.
Dec. 12, 1870, a new fire company was forined, of which C. C. Ingraham was elected foreman ; Heman H. Frink, assistant engineer ; and H. J. Kellogg was elected and con- firmed chief engineer. In April, 1874, a new company was formed, with Mark A. Peck as foreman. During the same month, another company, designated "The Carthage Hook-and-Ladder Company," was formed. June 12, 1874, H. J. Welch was appointed chief engineer of the Carthage fire-company by the board of trustees. A special meeting, on petition of the inhabitants, was called by the board, to be held at the village hall on July 15, 1874, to raise by vote the sum of $2000 for the purpose of constructing cisterns, purchasing hose and hose-carts, hooks and ladders, and a second-hand fire-engine. Pending this call, the board, acting in good faith, purchased, on their own lia- bility, a second-hand fire-engine, believing that the same would be for the interest of the village, and that it would be accepted. The people, however, thought otherwise, and defeated the special tax, leaving the engine upon the hands of the purchasers, who now own the same.
In Feb., 1875, the board of trustees purchased a second- land, third size, steam rotary fire-engine, with two hosc- carts and one hundred feet of rubber hosc. The engine- house was then prepared and furnished for the reception of the engine.
A general meeting for the organization of the Carthage Fire Department was held April 27, 1875, wherein two hose companies and an engine company were represented. The meeting resulted in the election of Mark A. Peck, foreman of the engine company; Joseph Root, assistant foreman ; J. E. Willis, secretary ; O. S. Levis, treasurer ; and John B. Wood and Nicholas Wagoner, directors. Hose Company No. 1, in the election of Curtis C. Ingra- ham, foreman ; F. D. Hubbard, assistant foreman ; E. H. Myers, seerctary and treasurer ; and Frank E. Willis and E. A. Monroe, directors. Hose Company No. 2, in the election of George McKanna, foreman ; John P. Cole, assistant foreman ; John C. Hannan, secretary ; John M. Gallagher, treasurer; and William H. Rich and Peter Lyman, directors. H. J. Welch was elected chief engineer of the department.
THIE CARTHAGE UNION FREE SCHOOL.
The present academy building was erected in 1841, by Mr. Harrison Miller. Two years later it was purchased by Mr. Uriel Hooker, and the school was conducted by his daughter Mary as principal, and her two sisters as assist- ants. They were succeeded by Rev. Orin Wilbur, of Low- ville, who taught the school for three years, when he was succceded by Mr. Jacob Wood, who in turn was succeeded by Mr. B. F. Bush, who conducted the school until August, 1866, when a call was made for a meeting for the purpose of organizing a Union Free School. At this meeting a board of five trustees was elected. The trustees elected at
that time were Lawrenec J. Goodale, Richard Gallagher, John B. Einmes, Horace Hooker, and Lyle Bones. Mr. Goodale was elected president of the board, and Mr. Emmes clerk.
The school has an academical department, and is under the visitation of the regents. It is at present conducted by Mr. A. H. Brown as principal, and Miss Frank J. Hubbard assistant.
The school was never in so prosperous a condition as at the present time, having in its various departments upwards of four hundred scholars in attendance.
SOCIETIES AND ORDERS.
" The Carthage Agricultural Society" was organized in 1875, and embraces the towns of Wilna and Champion, in Jefferson County, and Denmark and Crogan, in Lewis county. Mr. James Galvin was elected president of the society, A. E. Kilby, secretary, and O. Holcomb, treasurer. The first annual fair held by the society was in September, 1876. At the annual election of officers, held the fourth Tuesday of December, 1876, the following officers were chosen: John L. Norton, president ; F. B. Johnson, general superintendent ; E. H. Myers, treasurer; James Pringle, secretary.
The first meeting for the organization of a Masonic Lodge in the village of Carthage was held July 11, 1826, the address being delivered by Isaae Clinton, of Lowville. The officers elected were Eli West, M .; Thomas Brayton, S. W .; N. Starks, J. W. In June, 1849, it was received as No. 158, with Eli West, M .; Joseph Crouner, S. W .; K. E. Parker, J. W. The present officers of the society are as follows : James Pringle, W. M .; L. N. Stevens, S. W .; E. A. Monroc, J. W .; N. Wagoner, Treas .; D. S. Miller, Sec. ; John Chase, S. D .; O. J. Mosher, J. D. ; George W. Parmerter, S. M. C .; L. J. Morrow, J. M. C .; O. F. Deans, Tyler.
" Carthage Chapter, No. 259, R. A. M."-The present officers are as follows : John L. Norton, M. E. H. P .; C. H. Kimball, Sr., E. K .; George N. Hubbard, E. S .; N. Wagoner, Treas. ; E. A. Monroe, Sec .; James Pringle, C. of H .; L. N. Stevens, P. S .; Zelotus Wood, R. A. C .; L. J. Morrow, M. of 3d V .; J. H. Miller, M. of 2d V .; John Chase, M. of 1st V .; O. F. Dean, Tyler.
The Father Mathew Total Abstinence Society of Car- thage was organized May, 1877, with forty-two members. The membership, increased to ninety-six during the first two months. The officers of the society are James Gal- vin, Marshal ; James H. Walsh, Pres .; Charles Duffy, Vice- Pres .; R. Commins, Rec. Sec .; Jere. Coughlin, Cor. Sec. ; M. O'Brien, Treas .; Rev. J. J. Fedigan, O.S.A., Chap- lain ; John Fitzsimmons, Joseph Galleciez, Frank Rose, Joseph Collins, and Frank Henry, Directors.
NATURAL BRIDGE.
Near the extreme castern edge of the town, on Indian river, and distant about nine miles from Carthage, is the village of Natural Bridge. A reservation of a mile square had been here, and a village plat surveyed by Edmund Tucker. Improvements commenced here in 1818, some of the early settlers being Zebina Chaffee, C. I. Becker,
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