USA > New York > Jefferson County > History of Jefferson County, New York, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 38
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1800
119
1840
5,027
1801.
134
1845
5,432
1807.
23]
1850
7.201
1810.
1,841
1855.
7,557
1814
2,458
1860.
7,567
1820.
2,766
1865
8,194
1825
3,425
1870 **
9,336
1830.
4,768
18751. 10,041
1835
4,279
# City only.
+ There is every reason to believe that the census of 1875 was hastily taken and incorrect, and a private census, taken in 1876, places the population at over 11,000.
141
HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY, NEW YORK.
FIRE DEPARTMENT .*
Watertown has just reason to feel proud of and confi- dence in her fire department, and we feel disposed to enumerate it among her attraetions. It is certainly a just claim that no other city of its size can boast a more effcet- ive fire organization, while it is equally true that many cities containing five times her population cannot surpass, even if they 'equal her.
.
The original charter incorporating the village of Water- town (April 5, 1816) provided for the election of five fire wardens, each of whom was supplied with four ladders. Each owner or occupant of any building was obliged to furnish one or two buckets, according to the size of the structure, and to have them properly marked, and kept in a convenient place for use. It was also " ordained" that on an alarm or ery of fire every male inhabitant of fifteen years and upwards should repair to the place of the fire " forthwith" and put himself under the direction of the fire wardens. A fine of one dollar was imposed for "dis- obeying orders." Each warden was furnished with a white staff seven feet long by which to " distinguish" himself in time of fire.
The first fire company was organized May 28, 1817, and on September 27 following, at a meeting of the "free- holders," the sum of $200 was voted towards the purchase of a first-class fire-engine. The " Cataract" was purchased soon afterwards, the county and village sharing equally in the expense. The same meeting authorized the formation of a hook-and-ladder company, and William Smith was its first captain. August 6, 1832, the second engine company was formed, and attached to the fire-engine belonging to the Jefferson cotton-mills. This company was No. 1, and the one previously organized, Cataract Company, No. 2. Dyer Huntington was chosen chief engineer, and Adriel Ely assistant. In 1832 there was a double engine-house built-one story, of wood-where Firemen's Hall now stands. In April, 1835, Neptune Engine Company, No. 3, was formed, with the first brake-engine used in town. In August, 1835, company No. 1 was disbanded. In 1837 Neptune Company became No. 1. In 1839 the depart- ment was reorganized, and contained Neptune, No. 1; Cat- aract, No. 2; and Hook-and-Ladder, No. 1. In 1842 a company was organized to take charge of the engine for- merly belonging to No. 1. This company disbanded in 1845, and the same year-a new engine having been pur- chased-a new company was formed, and called Jefferson Hose, No. 3. Cataract Company, No. 2, was disbanded about this time, its engine having been damaged. In June, 1848, a new engine was purchased for No. 1, and in July of the same year Central Hose Company, No. 2, was organized, taking the old machine of No. 1, which was called " Rongh-and-Ready," and which was stored in barns or sheds as place could be found. These companies exist under the same names at the present time, and are doing . excellent service, as the fire-record of the city proves. ~ On the 10th of April, 1850, the fire department was chartered by act of the legislature, and the status of the active braneh of the department at the present time (November 1, 1877)
is as follows : Neptune Engine and Ilose Company, No. 1, organized April, 1835 ; forty-four members ; present Fore- man, A. Miller ; 2d Assistant, Duff La Fave ; Secretary, Charles Harris ; Treasurer, Thomas Henderson. Central Steamer and Ilose Company, No. 2, organized July, 1848 ; fifty-three members; present Foreman, J. Chase, Jr .; 1st Assistant, A. J. Moore; 2d Assistant, H. E. Tyler; 3d Assistant, M. MeMannis; Secretary, F. H. Dean ; Treas- urer, H. J. Barber; Engineer, J. Hartigan ; Fireman, S. Ryan. Jefferson Hose Company, No. 3, organized 1845; fifty-two members; present Foreman, F. E. Hunn; 1st Assistant, E. C. Van Namee ; 2d Assistant, F. L. Baker ; 3d Assistant, George Hannahs ; Secretary and Treasurer, H. Stimpson. John Hancock Hook-and-Ladder Com- pany, No. 1, organized June 10, 1817 ; forty-three mem- bers ; present Foreman, A. D. Seaver; 1st Assistant, C. G. Witt; 2d Assistant, W. H. Cole; 3d Assistant, G. Thomas ; Secretary, J. J. Spencer ; Treasurer, J. M. Hutchins. There are also four companies of " exempt firemen," with a total membership of over one hundred and seventy.
Neptune company occupies a substantial brick building on Factory street, and Central company a similar building on Goodale street, both owned by the department. The Jefferson and Hancock companies occupy Firemen's Hall, on Stone street, built by the village in 1854. The city pays the regular expenses of the organization, including rent, etc. On January 11, 1851, the department was in- debted to the amount of fifty-six cents. It has now an ample fund on hand, received chiefly from taxes on in- surance companies outside the State doing business therein, for the support of disabled firemen. A statement, incor- porated in the historical preface to the printed by-laws of the department (edition of 1867), shows the amount of the several appropriations made to the department by the vil- lage of Watertown from 1848 to 1857 inclusive-the date of the last appropriation-to have been $1400, while the expenditures for disabled firemen, uniforms, and absolute necessaries amounted to $2261.09, leaving a balance paid by the department, from funds received from other sources, of $861.69. The department has also erected two engine- houses, and on February 8, 1875, by resolution of its di- rectors, decided to purchase a first-class steam-engine for especial use along the river, at important manufacturing points not easily reached by fire-hydrants. A Silsbury ro- tary engine was purchased for $4000, and has already done effective service. The same summer the city placed in the court-house tower a fire-alarm bell weighing 4000 pounds. The above-recorded facts would seem to argue that Water- town is well protected against extensive or dangerous fires, especially as the reservoirs described elsewhere furnish at all times a plentiful supply of water for fire purposes by means of one hundred fire-hydrants placed at convenient points about the city.
The following is a list of chief engineers of the depart- ment since its formation, as far as can be ascertained : 1832-37, Dyer Huntington; 1838, Asher N. Corss ; 1839, W. H. Robinson ; 1839 to 1848, records destroyed ; 1848- 51, N. M. Woodruff; 1852-53, N. Farnham ; 1854-65, Fred. Emerson ; 1866-67, S. B. Hart; 1868-69, T. C. Chittenden ; 1870-71, G. L. Davis ; 1872-73, J. M. Car-
$ Hon. C. R. Skinner, in " Commercial Advantages of Watertown."
142
HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY, NEW YORK.
penter ; 1874-75, W. S. Carlisle ; 1876, R. L. Utley ; 1877, H. A. Smith.
The staff of the department for 1877 is as follows: Chief Engineer, H. A. Smith ; First Assistant Engineer, E. W. Knapp ; Second Assistant Engineer, O. F. Graves ; Treas- urer, C. R. Skinner ; Seeretary, R. C. Scott; Directors, No. 1, J. E. Bergevin, R. C. Scott; No. 2, J. Chase, Jr., J. A. Queneer ; No. 3, F. E. Hunn, C. R. Skinner ; Hook- and-Ladder, A. D. Seaver, C. A. Kelsey ; Exempt Co. A, C. H. Von Brakle, T. S. Graves ; Exempt Co. B, S. B. Hart, G. Hardy ; Exempt Co. C, James Smith, John Britton.
WATERTOWN WATER-WORKS.
As early as May 22, 1821, a plan for supplying the vil- lage with water was discussed, and action was taken to- wards the erection of reservoirs, but the measures were not carried out. June 14, 1828, the sum of $50 was appropri- ated by the trustees for the purpose of boring for water on Factory Square. At the annual meeting in 1829, the pro- ceeds of licenses in the First Ward were applied towards pro- curing water for the village. May 21, 1829, the sum of $200 was voted for the purpose of boring for water, and in pursuanee of this object an artesian well was commeneed on Public Square. After it had been sunk inany feet a steel drill was maliciously dropped into it, thereby stopping the work.
In'1829, an association was formed for boring for water on Factory Square. A hole two and a half inches in diani- eter was drilled to the depth of 127 feet, when water was obtained, and having been tubed, discharged for many years, until about 1860, a copious volume of water slightly charged with sulphur and iron. On Sewall's Island a similar well was bored into the rock, which at 80 feet discharged water and an inflammable gas, but being drilled deeper these both were lost.
April 10, 1826, the Watertown Water Company was incorporated, but nothing definite resulted, and a similar result followed the incorporation of the Watertown Water- works, April 11, 1845. But in 1853 (March 22), L. Paddock, G. C. Sherman, I. H. Fisk, and H. Cooper were incorporated as the Water Commissioners of the village of Watertown. These citizens gave a joint. bond of $60,000, and were empowered to borrow on the credit of the village $50,000 for a term of thirty years. Soon after their ap- pointment, the commissioners contraeted with J. C. Wells for the construction of a pump-house and reservoir, the latter to be 150 by 250 feet at the water line, and twelve feet decp, properly made, with two eentre walls for filtering. The reservoir was located about a mile southeast of the vil- lage, on a lot of six acres, upon the brow of the limestone ridge, 180 fect above the village, and was given a capaeity of two million gallons. The site of the reservoir commands a superb view of the city and surrounding country, which forms a picture in the summer of exquisite beauty, only to be excelled by the same landscape in the tropical hucs of the autumn.
On the 23d of November, 1853, the water-works were completed, and the water for the first time was pumped into the reservoir and let into pipes communicating with resi- dences and fire-hydrants. An experiment then made
showed that water could be thrown 120 feet perpendic- ular. No serious fires have devastated the city since the completion of the reservoir, but the growth of the city, and the increasing demands of its people, led the water commis- sioners, in 1871, to construct still another reservoir. This was located by the side of the former, and was completed in 1873. Its dimensions are 250 by 200 fcet, and its capacity four and a half million gallons. The water is distributed to residences and one hundred fire-hydrants throughout the city by sixteen miles of water mains and
. pipes.
The present Board of Water Commissioners is consti- tuted as follows : President, R. Van Namee ; Secretary, C. A. Sherman, J. F. Moffett, J. C. Knowlton, C. A. Holden ; Superintendent, Parson T. Hines ; Clerk, N. P. Wardwell.
WATERTOWN GAS-LIGHT COMPANY.
Early in 1852, measures were taken for supplying the village with gas-light. Messrs. Walworth, Nason, and Guild had, by a village ordinance passed September 9, 1851, secured the exclusive privilege of supplying the vil- lage with rosin gas for ten years, and February 27, 1852, an association, styled the Watertown Gas-Light Company, was organized, with a capital of $20,000. Iu the same ycar the principal buildings in the business portion of the village were supplied, and during the summer of 1853 pipes were laid through many of the principal streets and to private houses, and a proportionate addition was made to the manufactory. Other parties having succeeded to the ownership of the capital stock of the company, on July 1, 1874, the company was reorganized, and the eapital stoek increased to $100,000. The company has, at the present time, about eight miles of mains laid down in the eity, and supplies from 20,000 to 25,000 cubic feet of eoal- gas on an average, daily, throughout the year. There are ninety-nine street-burners in the city, and the principal business blocks and dwellings are also supplied by the com- pany. The present officers of the company are as follows : F. T. Story, president and treasurer ; E. Q. Sewell, vice- president; Joseph S. Green, secretary and superintendent ; Directors, F. T. Story, E. Q. Sewell, A. C. Beach, and T. H. Camp.
THE SUSPENSION BRIDGE.
One of the things of which Watertown is justly proud is the suspension bridge. It spans the north channel of Black river, and is 175 feet long, 20 feet wide, aud 40 feet above the surface of the water. It has four towers constructed of & boiler-plate and 173 feet high. The four cables are 6.68 inches in circumference. The anchorage is very seeure, being drilled eight feet into the solid rock, and having one compound anchor, consisting of a solid bar of iron six inches in diameter to each. The chief points of interest in this bridge, and what Mr. Bradford, the builder, elaims as superior to others of the kind, is the material of which the towers are constructed,-being of iron instead of stone. There is an aperture at the base of each tower, and an outlet at the top, so as to allow a free circulation of air, for the purpose of regulating the expansion and con- traetion, and to establish a uniformity with the expansion and contraction of the eables. Aside from the question
G.C.BRADLEY.
MRS. G.C. BRADLEY.
C.R WADI
RESIDENCE OF G. C. BRADLEY, 49 BRADLEY ST., WATERTOWN. N. Y.
RESIDENCE of JOHN A.SHERMAN, No. 43 STONE ST., WATERTOWN, N. Y.
143
IIISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY, NEW YORK.
of the greater economy of the towers, it is believed they are of greater strength and durability. But their chief exeel- lence over stone is their susceptibility of expansion and contraction by the influence of heat and cold. This is a desideratum of no slight importance. The tension of wire cables is greatly increased in severe cold weather, the towers remaining nearly the same height when built of stone, but in this the towers will contract by cold at the same time the eables do, lessening their height as the cables shorten, and relieving them of any increased strain. In warm weather, as the eables expand the towers reciprocate, in- ercasing their height as the cables lengthen,-thus in either eold or warm weather presenting almost the same tension on the cables. The other point in which an improvement is evident is the side-bracing and trussing. This is inge- niously adjusted so as to bring the weight of a crossing team on all parts of the cable alike, very much increasing its capacity. The strain on the eables is but little, if any, greater when a team is in the centre of the bridge than when near the end.
These two points in this bridge differ from all other sus- pension bridges, and have entitled Mr. Bradford to the honor of contributing largely to the world's stock of useful knowledge. The bridge has been thoroughly tested by the wear and tear of twenty years' use; and that it will endure till an earthquake or some other convulsion, or the cor- roding tooth of time shall destroy it, there exists no rational doubt.
TIIE PUBLIC SQUARE,
a view of which forms the frontispiece of the history of this city, is a feature of the eity at once useful and attract- ive. It consists of an open mall. comprising nearly ten aeres, the gift to the village, in 1805, by the owners of ad- jacent lands. The present has adorned it, but the past made it possible to have it for adornment. It is surrounded by the finest buildings in the city, and is entered by six of the most important streets in the corporation. It is laid out into two large oval parks, shaded with forest-trecs, and sodded as lawns, with a smaller one between the two, con- taining an elegant fountain rising from the centre of a circular limestone basin. Spacious driveways pass eom- pletely around the three ovals, the larger ones being pro- vided with neat stands, wherein on pleasant summer evenings the city band discourses exquisite harmony to admiring crowds, which pack the broad streets and sidewalks in car- riages and on foot. Here, in the very heart of the eity, amidst its dust and bustle, the lawyer leaving his brief, the physician his diagnosis, the minister his sermon, the banker his statements, the merehant his invoices, and the laboring man and woman the drudgery of daily toil, may come and quaff generous draughts from nature's brimming cup, and fill their souls with the melody of singing birds, rustling leaves, and rippling waters, and return each to his appointed task refreshed and re-invigorated.
PUBLIC BUILDINGS, BUSINESS BLOCKS, ETC .*
One of the most prominent features of Watertown as a city, and the characteristic which attracts the attention of
visitors, is the elegance and substantial beauty of its public buildings and business blocks. In this respect it yields none of its claims to attention, and while it excels nearly every city of its size, rivals if not equals the appearanec of many larger municipalities. The exhibit illustrates in a high degree the enterprise of those under whose diree- tion the buildings were erceted, the taste and skill of our architeets, the growing demands of business, and tells its own story of wealth and development.
In other portions of this work will be found full deserip- tions of the manufacturing establishments, together with the churches, hotels, and schools of Watertown. Our ob- ject here is to note the most prominent of the notable buildings which adorn Publie Square and the principal streets.
In this connection it seems proper to quote Dr. Hough's opinion on this subject, expressed in 1854, in his admirable history :
" The taste which has been exhibited within two or three years in the creetion of private dwellings cannot fail of being noticed and admired by strangers, and this, if continued, will soon render the village as conspicuous among the inland towns of the State, for the classie cleganee of its private as well as its publie buildings, as it has already become for the immensity of its water-power, and the extraordinary combination of facilities for manufacturing purposes which it possesses."
JEFFERSON COUNTY COURT-HOUSE is one of the finest of our public buildings, and is situated at the corner of Arsenal and Benedict streets. It is surrounded by spacious grounds, inclosed by a handsome iron fence. The building was erected in 1862, at a cost of $50,000. It is built of brick and stone, is two stories high, and 100 by 50 feet. During the present year provision has been made for ornamenting the yard with trees and shrubbery. The court-room and supervisors' room are among the finest and largest in the State. The building is supplied with water and gas throughout. It contains the surrogate's office, and the county clerk's office is located in the rear.
THE WINSLOW BLOCK, the most attractive of our busi- ness blocks, occupies the angle formed by Franklin street and Public Square. It was erected by Hon. Norris Winslow, in 1874. It fronts 174 feet on the Square, and 194 on Franklin street, and varies in width from 12 to 130 feet. It is five stories high, built substantially of brick, and is admirably arranged for business purposes. The first floor eontains eight stores, and there are also several others on the second floor. The remainder of the building is devoted to offices, halls, and private rooms. The three upper stories are reached by a broad stairway, and contain an arcade 125 fect long and three stories high. It may here be said with truth that this building is another and a durable monument of the industry, enterprise, and public spirit of its founder. No man has done more for the substantial good of Water- town in the erection of public buildings and private resi- dences, and he deserves the good will and esteem of every citizen.
WASHINGTON HIALL stands at the corner of Washington street and Public Square, and is one of the finest and most conspicuous structures in Watertown. It was built in 1853, on the site of Perkins' hotel, and the site of the
# From Mr. Skinner's pamphlet.
144
HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY, NEW YORK.
second dwelling erected in the city. It was built by Walter and Gilbert Woodruff, and came into the possession of John A. Sherman in July, 1859, who has since owned and im- proved it. The building is of brick, 90 by 120 feet in size, and three stories high. The first floor is occupied by eight stores, the second story by offices, and the third is devoted to one of the finest halls in the State, capable of seating 1200 persons, with standing room for 300 more. Its height is 37 feet, and it is elaborately frescoed. The stage is 40 by 46 feet.
THE AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE COMPANY'S BLOCK, located on Washington street, near Washington Hall, is the best and most substantial office building in northern New York. It was erected in 1873, at a cost of $50,000. It is 26 by 103 feet, three stories high, and basement. The walls are brick, with a handsome marble front, surmounted by a figure of "Ceres." It was erected by John W. Griffin, and is occupied by the Agricultural and Watertown Fire Insurance companies.
THE DOOLITTLE & HALL BLOCK is situated on Public Square, a short distance east of the Woodruff House. It was built, in 1871, by L. D. Doolittle and R. H. Hall. It is of brick, three stories, and presents a front of ninety feet. It is occupied by five stores, several offices, and a hall. The present owner is R. H. Hall.
THE VAN NAMEE BLOCK is one of the most promi- nent of the private blocks. It is of brick, four storics, built in 1873, by Richard Van Namee. The first floor is occupied by Van Namee Brothers' pharmacy, the remainder for offices.
THE STREETER BLOCK is located on the corner of Public Square and Mill street, fronting on each about ninety fect, and is three stories, with basement and attic. There are seven stores in the building; erected in 1843, by dif- ferent partics. It is a handsome and busy block.
THE ROME, WATERTOWN AND OGDENSBURGH RAIL- WAY DEPOT, in rear of the Woodruff House, is a tasty structure of brick, arranged in two divisions. The offices of the company are located in this building.
The Paddock buildings are mentioned on another page.
SCRIPTURE & CLARK'S CARRIAGE REPOSITORY, on Arsenal street, was erected in 1876. It is one of the most tasty of the smaller blocks. It is constructed of wood and covered with iron.
The so-called IRON BLOCK, on the north side of the Public Square, a fine brick structure, four stories in height, and one of the most sightly in the city.
V. S. HUBBARD'S BLOCK, at the corner .of Public Square and Franklin street, is one of the best private business blocks in the city.
THE FAIRBANKS BLOCK is a triangular structure, situ- ated on Arsenal and Court strects. It is of brick, four stories high, built by Jason Fairbanks.
Adjoining the Paddock buildings on the south are four imposing business blocks, including Masonic Hall. Union Bank is located in one of these buildings, and the National Bank and Loan Company occupies and owns the corner on the south. Adjoining the Iron Block, on the west, is the Merchants' Bank building; the Safford and Hayes blocks extending north on Court street. Several other fine blocks
arc located on Court street. Mechanics' Hall, erccted by Hon. N. Winslow, and Carpenter's block, are located on Factory street.
The Jefferson County Orphan Asylum, on Franklin street, is a tasteful structure of brick, and surrounded by a pleasant grove. About 30 orphans are here cared for and taught. The institution is ably managed, and more than maintains itself .*
The Jefferson County Poor-House and Insane Asylum is pleasantly located on Main street, just outside the city limits, on the bank of Black river. The buildings are large and commodious, built of stone and brick, and stand near a handsome grove. Connected with this institution is a productive farm, managed in the interest of the county.
HOTELS.
In this connection we speak only of a few of the liotels of the present day. Some account of those erected in for- mer years, beginning with the first, erected by Dr. Isaiah Massey, in 1802, will be found in preceding pages. Water- town enjoys a well-earned reputation both as to the number and excellence of her hotels. No other city surpasses her in this respect, -- a fact which the traveling public will be found to admit.
THE WOODRUFF HOUSE, one of the finest hotel buildings in the State, was built soon after the great fire of 1849, by Norris M. Woodruff. It stands on the north side of Public Square, facing one of the parks, and presents an imposing front of one hundred and twenty feet. It is five stories high, substantially built of brick, surmounted by a tower which rises over one hundred feet from the square. Its handsome appear- ance is not excelled anywhere outside of the larger cities. It is handsomely furnished, and is the architectural pride of the city. Its first floor is occupied by eight flourishing stores, and an archway extends through the centre, constituting the principal walk and driveway to the Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburgh railroad depot, in the rear. Messrs. Buck & Sanger, the proprietors, have conducted the house since 1869, and are extensively known as gentlemanly landlords. The attractive illustration shown on another page, hand- some as it is, hardly does full justice to the fine appearance of the building,
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