USA > New York > Jefferson County > History of Jefferson County, New York, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 23
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2,339
2,111
2,090
Watertown
119
1,841
2,458
2,766
3,425
4,768
4.279
5,027
Wilna
26]
648
1,126
1,602
2,053
2,591
Total
262
15,140
18,564
32,952
41,650
48,493 53,088
60,984
-
-
-
1845.
1850.
1855.
1860.
1865.
1870.
1875.
Adams.
3,055
3,106
3,105
3,496
3,418
3,348
3,334
Alexandria ...
3.711
3,178
3,353
3,808
3,614
3,087
3,476
Antwerp
3,380
3.665
3,763
3,313
3,132
3,310
3,363
Brownville ...
4,380
4,282
3,589
3,966
3,495
3,219
2,876
Cape Vincent
3,044
3,375
3,5$5
3.479
3.342
3,118
Champion
2,146
2,085
1,946
2,132
2,062
2,156
2,246
Clayton
4,682
4,191
4,232
4,696
4,446
4,082
4,215
Ellisburg .
5,531
5.524
5,339
5,614
5.286
4.822
-4,819
Henderson
2.345
2.239
2,139
2,419
1,96%
1,926
1.815
Hounsfield
3,917
4,136
3,221
3.339
2,754
2,636
2,552
Le Ray
3,853
3,654
3,203
3,159
2.986
2 862
2,733
Lorraine.
1,640
1,511
1,470
1,687
1,580
1,377
1,377
Lyme ..
6,018
2,919
2,563
2,702
2,377
2.465
2,244
Orleans.
3,047
3,265
2,806
2,934
2,791
2.445
2,307
Pamelia
2.254
2,528
2,511
2,789
2.492
1,292
1.055
Philadelphia.
1,942
1,915
1,743
1,790
1.715
1,679
1,709
Rodman
1,694
1,781
1,752
1,808
1,654
1,604
1.468
Rutland
2,148
2,265
1,977
2,097
1,964
1,903
1,849
Theresa ...
2.109
2,342
2,278
2,629
2,515
2.364
2.361
Watertown.
5,433
7,201
7,557
7,567
8,194
1,373
1,279
(City).
Wilna
2,714
2,993
3,024.
3,662.
3,921
4,060
4,265
Worth.
727
767
Total
64,999
68,153
65,420 69,825
66,448
65,415
65,362
THE POLITICAL SENTIMENTS
of the people of Jefferson County will be best shown by a tabulation of the votes given at the Presidential elections since 1828, and showing those given at gubernatorial elec- tions for the years previous. For the vote previous to the year 1828, at which date the people first voted for Presi- dential electors direct,-they having been chosen by the Legislature previously,-the names of the candidates voted for are given, the people being divided into the Federalist and Republican parties in the earlier years, and Whig and Democratic later on.
1801. For Governor, George Clinton, 56 ; Stephen Van Rensselaer, 56 : total, 112.
1804. Morgan Lewis, in Oneida county, 2165; Aaron Burr, 1782.
The following are the votes given in Jefferson County :
1807. Daniel D. Tompkins, 765; Morgan Lewis, 615: total, 1380.
1810. Daniel D. Tompkins, 1076: John Broome, 1077; total, 2153.
1813. Daniel D. Tompkins, 733; Stephen Van Rensselaer, 795 ; total, 1528.
1816. Daniel D. Tompkins, 908 ; Rnfns King, 858; total, 1766.
1817. De Witt Clinton, $51 ; Peter B. Porter, -.
1820. De Witt Clinton, 762; Daniel D. Tompkins, 795; total, 1557.
1822. De Wilt Clinton, nearly unanimous; Solomon Southwick (the returns of this year could not be found).
1824. De Witt Clinton, 2779 : Samuel Young, 2619; total, 5398.
1826. De Witt Clinton, 3328; Smith Thompson, 1763 ; S. Southwick. 2204: total, 7295.
1,727
1,615
1,699
Lyme ....
1,724
3,544
3,091
2,1 44
3,001
1,342
1,988
2,273
2,322
2,104
Orleans.
143
3,344
3,990
Ellisburg.
1,543
1,522
2,701
3.475
326
474
634
611
9,336' 10,041
86
HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY, NEW YORK.
For President :
Whig. 3853
3391
......
......
7,244
1832
4419
4381
......
......
8,800
1836
3761
4595
...
...
......
1840
6257
5630
59
...
11,946
1844
5576
6291
712
12,579
1848
4841
2445
...
4341
11,627
1852
5656
6279
757
12,692
Republican.
1856
8249
3496
1058
12,804
1860.
8794
5531
14,325
1864
8588
5842
14,430
1868
8420
5882
..
1872
8463
5769
14,232
1876
9227
7094
16,321
The vote of 1876 by towns was as follows :
Republican.
Democratic. Total.
Adams
568
305
874
Alexandria
335
455
790
Antwerp ..
529
276
805
Brownville.
499
265
764
Cape Vincent
303
412
715
Champion.
349
224
573
Clayton.
421
492
913
Ellisburg.
816
513
1329
Henderson
323
160
483
Hounsfield
352
253
605
Le Ray
423
320
743
Lorrainc.
188
160
348
Lyme.
318
254
Orleans
328
283
611
Pamelia.
178
124
302
Philadelphia
233
229
462
Rodman
347
91
438
Rutland
318
164
482
Theresa
335
281
616
Watertown
223
107
330
Wilna
509
529
1038
Worth.
98
117
215
City of Watertown :
First Ward 329
237
566
Second Ward.
319
208
527
Third Ward
240
269
509
Fourth Ward
346
372
718
Total, City 1234
1086 2320
The several questions submitted to the popular vote in the county have resulted as follows :
For the convention of 1821 3432
For no convention 119
For the adoption of the constitution of 1821. 1953
1144 Against
1825. On the manner of electing Presidential electors. By
2603
General tieket plurality. majority 35
4702
Against
1
1846. For the amended constitution 6603 Against 1712
For equal suffrage to colored persons. 2791
Against " 4536
4012
1849. For the free-school law 5997
3312
1850. For the repeal of the free-school law. 6064
Against
3959
1854. For the amendment in relation to eanals 3520
2029
1858. For convention to revise constitution 3224
Against «
1859. For the revised constitution. 4579
Against 4285
6073
1860. On the suffrage amendment-For. Against .. 6470
1864. On the amendment for voting of soldiers-For 6355 66 66 Against 818
1865. For aet to create State debt for bonnties to volunteers 9341
322
Against same aet.
1866. For convention to revise constitution 7929
Against " 5156
4894
1869, For amended constitution. Against " 4786
For amended judiciary article 7763
Against " 1783 For amended assessment and taxation artiele. 4974 Against " 4369
For property qualifications for suffrage. 4609
Against " 5421
1870. For act to provide for State debt for canal and general fund indebtedness. 4292
Against said aet. 7665
1872. For constitutional amendment relative to Court of Ap- pcals 2966
Against such amendment .. 220
1873. The question of the appointment of judges of the courts stood-For 191
The question of the appointment of judges of the courts -Against 8621
1876. On proposed amendment to Sec. 3, Art. v., of the con- stitution-For 8411
On proposed amendment to See. 3, Art. v., of the con- stitution-Against 2380
On similar amendment to See. 4, Art. v., the vote was- For 8173
On similar amendment to Sec. 4, Art. v., the vote was- Against ... 2029
In May, 1846, Champion, Pamelia, and Theresa voted for license, and the remainder of the county against license. The majorities for lieense in the towns in which it was voted amounted to 78; while the majorities in those towns which voted against lieense amounted to 1700. In 1847 Henderson and Lorraine gave small majorities for no license, in Pamelia no vote was taken, and in all the other towns license was voted with aggregate majorities of 1512 er 81.
THE STATE LOAN.
On the 18th of April, 1786, bills of eredit to the amount of 200,000 pounds (New York curreney) were emitted by the State for the relief of the people, in the way of a cireu- lating medium, and loaned to the different counties according to their population, and loan commissioners appointed in each county to manage and loan the same on real estate security at five per eent. per annum, the loan to run fourteen years and limited to 300 pounds to any one person. These bills of eredit were counterfeited, and in February, 1788, new bills were printed for those in circulation and the old ones retired, and death pronounced on all counterfeiters of the new issue. In 1796 another loan was made to the new counties, and in 1807-8 still another loan was made by the ereation of a debt by the State, bonds being issued therefor and sold, and the funds arising therefrom distributed pro rata among the counties on the basis of population, and eommissioners appointed as before to handle the funds in each county. The amount received by Jefferson County was $10,399.26, which was kept at interest as a separate fund, when it was consolidated with the
UNITED STATES DEPOSIT FUND,
the principal of which was deposited in the county in 1837, and amounted to $130,799.06, and separate and distinct commissioners appointed to loan the same. This deposit fund was the portion awarded to Jefferson County from the surplus moneys in the United States treasury deposited with the several States by aet of congress of June 23, 1836, and the amount deposited with New York was, by act of the legislature of April 4, 1837, distributed among the several counties according to their population. The loans from this fund are limited between $200 and $2000 to a single individual, except in New York, where the limits are $500 and $5000. The interest is charged at seven per cent., and the same paid into the State treasury, less fees and ex- penses of collection, and by the comptroller distributed among the counties for the support of schools and acade.
May-For license. For no license. 5644
Against
Against
4078
districts
2000
1826. For the election of justiees of the peace
572
Democratic. Abolition. . Free-Soil. Total.
1828
8,356
14,302
87
HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY, NEW YORK.
mies. The loan and deposit funds have been diminished until at the date of the last report of the commissioners- November 1, 1876-the amount charged against Jefferson County stood thus :
Loaned on bond and mortgage.
$76,067.84
Jefferson County volunteer bonds.
25,700.00
State stoeks
5,879.36
Mortgage No. 599 bid in for State
450.00
Cash on hand
3,401.28
Total
$111,498.48
VALUATIONS AND TAXATION.
Publie moneys were first raised in the Colony of New York, June 1, 1665, by warrant issued by the Governor, Colonel Nicholls, to the sheriff and collectors .* It would appear antecedent to this time the towns and counties raised nioneys for their own use, but the preeise mode is not
known. A tax ealled a " benevolence" was raised on the inhabitants, as appears from a letter from Governor Andross, and Smith observes " this proceeding was a badge of bad times."+ In 1683, the first regular system of taxation by law was adopted. The wars of England with European nations, especially with the French, plunged the colony into an enormous debt, most burdeusome to the inhabitants. Froru 1691 to 1709, the sum of sixty-one thousand eight hundred and sixty-one pounds was raised by the colonists for building forts, raising and paying troops, and for other war purposes, besides the excise tax of a penny in the pound for the ordinary and incidental charges of the colony. Before 1776, the colonists were obliged to pay nearly one million pounds sterling. In 1788 the first regular system of taxation was adopted by the State.
The valuations and taxation of Jefferson by periods of five years, sinee its organization, are here given, as follows :
Year.
Acres of Land.
Assessed value of Real Estate.
Assessed value of Per- sonal Prop- erty.
Aggregate Valnation.
State Taxes.
County Taxes.
Town Taxes.
School Taxes.#
Aggregate of Taxes.
Rate of Tax- ation on $1 of valuation in cents.
1805
$805,992
$805.98
$2,034.89
$2,840.87
00.3.5
1810
1,138,204
$8,651.78
5,623.60
6,510.28
$1,251.27
22,036.93
00.5.1
1820
$2,425,352
$65,731
2,491,083
2.491.08
11,789.44
8,005.08
1,525.16
23,811.16
00.9.55
1825
2,472,682
97,994
2,570,676
1,285.33
18,347.43
10,444.31
2,647.62
32,784.64
01.2.71
1830
2,468,033
181,233
2,649,266
12,309.42
7,302.16
2,842.13
22,452.71
00.8.475
1835
720,574
1840
725,969
7,178,296
694,718
7,873,013
18,702.41
12,196.24
8,750.29
39.648.94
00.5.03
1845
733,574
5,728,149
798,502
6,536,651
24,014.39
11,416.79
7,782.09
43,213.27
00.6.6
1850
733,089
6,724,503
1,227,117
7,951,660
48,207.79
13,380.20
7,138.08
68.726.07
00.8.64
1855
733,089
14,429,039
3,356,010
17,785.049
22,231.31
46,938.27
16,976.80
86,146.38
00.4.84
1860
733,126
12,864,492
2,971,045
15,935,769
49,135.30
33,967.37
24,317.83
11,951.82
119,372.32
00.7.5
1865
733,121
12,187,176
2,560,226
63,298.21
170,637.81
117,641.20
12,133.84
363,711.06
02.4.6
1870
733,121
12,198,050
2,744,500
14,747,407 14,994,550
72,050.74
243,794.25
81,999.84 99,454.21
21,898.05
380,053.79
01.1.19
The apportionment of taxes for 1876 is as follows, by towns :
TOWNS AND WARDS.
No. of Acres
Assessed Valuation of Valuation of
Equalized
Assessed Valuation of l'ersonal Estate.
Total Valuation.
Amount of County Taxes.
Amount of Town Taxes.
Amount of State Tax for Schools.
Amount of State Tax exclusive of Schools.
Aggregate of Taxes.
Adams
27,198
$1,868,841
$1,645,444
$650,675
$2,296,119
$10,732.46
$3,287.54
$1,452.98
$2,567.66
$18,040.64
Alexandria
37,963
1.092,430
974,786
46,200
1,020,986
4,772.28
6.307.14
646.08
1,142.46
12,867.96
Antwerp.
61,160
1,382,144
1,769,091
125,285
1,894,376
8,854.63
1,641.72
1,198.76
2,117.92
13,813.03
Brownville.
33,994
1,656,010
1,351,949
175,430
1,527,379
7,139.22
1,559.87
966.53
1,707.61
11,373.23
Cape Vincent
33,978
1,751,970
1,401,906
69,950
1,471,856
6,879.74
1,470.92
931.39
1,645.53
10,927.58
Champion
25,683
939,240
1,102,166
77,850
1,180,016
5,515.60
2,857.30
746.71
1,319.26
10,438.87
Clayton
48,678
1,797,750
1,376,927
74,075
1,451,002
6,782.22
8,931.53
918.19
1,622.22
18,254.16
Ellisburg.
44,876
2,614,286
2,700,777
212,850
2,913,627
13,618.79
3,788.12
1,843.74
3,257.43
22,508.08
Henderson
24,115
1,064,160
952,297
106,650
1,058,947
4,949.69
1,472.43
670.10
1,183.90
8,276.12
Hounsfield
22,800
1,187,440
1,156,490
120,100,
1,276,590
5,967.00
6,329.42
807.83
4,427.23
14,531.48
Le Ray
42,647
1,394,010
1,433,129
81,910
1,515,039
7,081.04
5,735.04
958.72
1,693.81
15,469.11
Lorraine.
22,359
614,820
643,190
32,950
676,140
3,160.39
1,239.97
427.86
755.93
5,584.15
Lyme ..
33,541
1,388,490
1,092,800
69,610
1,162,410
5,433.32
1.730.53
735.57
1,299.58
9,199.00
Orleans,
40,347
1,147,870
1,439,373
44,470
1,483,843
6,935.73
1,293.88
938.98
1,658.94
10,827.53
Pamelia
20,967
800,990
874,240
31,210
905,450
4,232.23
461.41
572.97
1,012.30
6,278.91
Philadelphia ..
24,135
919,090
878.184
62,350
940,834
4,397.62
5,716.40
595.36
1,051.85
11.761.23
Rodman
25,504
930,415
974,153
191,030
1,165,183
5.446.26
1.674.86
737.33
1,302.68
9.161.13
Rutland
24,200
912,740
1,089,677
82,430
1,172,107
5,478.62
3,238.70
741.71
1,310.42
10.769.54
Theresa.
40,912
851,760
991,009
63,880
1,054,889
4,930.73
6,661.29
667.52
1,179,37
13,438.91
Watertown
22,251
929,950
1,121,022
95,700
1,216,722
5,687.15
3,447.88
769.94
1,360.30
11,265.27
Watert'n City, 1st ward
66
2d
1,013,450
4,883,254
1,603,497
3,071,600
14.356.65
10,018.87
1,944.50
3.434.22
29,754.24
66
4th
1,342,574
408,170
1,821,123
8,512.80
5,219.43
1,152.87
2,036.00
16,921.10
Wilna
44,753
1,154,512
1,152,123
80,300
1,232,423
5.760.55
11,517.46
779.87
1,377.85
19.435.73
Worth
26,743
234,330
218,570
5,020
223,590
1,045.10
835.00
141.49
249.97
2,271.56
733,585 $31,222,857 831,222,857 $5,473,929 836,696,786 $171,527.08 8105,083.50 $23,223.75 841,028.64 $340,862.97
# Smith's History of New York, p. 31.
+ Ibid., p. 34.
# These amounts do not include the amount raised for schools in the Districts.
02.7.8
1875
733,126
28,137,835
5,804,581
33,942,416
83,212.56
175,488.97
5.694.22
2,805.01
730.53
1,290.20
10,219,96
1,810,558
8,462.54
5,841.69
1.146.22
2,024.00
17.474.45
4,781
3d
1,349,405
"
874,180
235,200 727,137
1.153,977
12,315.02
8,864.28
3,910.27
25,089.57
00.5.07
4,279,100
533,964
4,941,437
3,983.71
3,407.29
7,391.00
00.6.5
1815
4,325,890
of Land. Real Estate.
Real Estate.
19,509.68
417,354.51
88
HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY, NEW YORK.
The above table does not inelude the school taxes raised by distriets, which amounted to $80,677.
The county taxes for 1876 were divided as follows :
Payment of bonds. Interest and principal $89,285.79 Charities, Poor-House, Asylums, and State Institutions ... 31,221.50
Court expenses, including sheriff, constables, jurors' fees, and salaries of judges, etc ... 32,882.84
Indices to deed and mortgage records
6,534.73
Court-house and jail repairs ..
3,498.08
Printing ..:
2,724.60
Military expenses.
1,486.53
Supervisors.
2,800.00
Selool commissioners' salarics. 600.00
Miscellaneous accounts.
492.99
Total. .$171,527.08
The State board of equalization equalized the assessment of Jefferson for State taxation for the year 1876 at the sum of $18,579,006, and assigned to Jefferson, as its quota of the State taxes, $64,252.39.
The following valuations were placed on corporate prop- erty for taxation in 1876, viz. :
Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburgh railroad $1,144,937
Utica and Black River railroad 229,125
Carthage, Watertown and Sacket's Harbor railroad 278,220
Black River and Morristown railroad.
78,705
Total railroad valuation ... $1,730,987
Mining companies ..
$120,900
Manufacturing companies
362,000
Insurance companies.
824,437
Park association .....
4,000
Total. .$3,042,324
By the report of the county treasurer, for the year end- ing November 25, 1876, it appears that the gross receipts of revenue for the year were as follows :
Nov. 23, 1875. Balance on hand from old account ...... $4,047.41
Nov. 25, 1876. Received from collectors .... 291,736.19
taxes collected by himself ..
1,283.56 .
fines
1,078.34
lieenses.
2,783.00
School money
Sundry items
507.21
Total. .$351.454.87
Leaving a balance on hand, after payments according to vouchers presented, of $940.90.
In 1866 the committee of the board of supervisors ap- pointed to equalize the real estate of the several towns for eounty taxation, made a report, which was adopted by the board, fixing the assessment of real estate of Watertown at $2,326,239. The people of Watertown, feeling aggrieved at this equalization, instructed their supervisor to appeal from the action of the board to the comptroller, which he did, and that official decided that $1,358,461 ought to be deducted from the amount of the cqualized assessment, and the exeess of taxes, in consequence of sueh excessive valua- tion, to wit, $21,192, ought to be paid back to Watertown. The board of supervisors were not content with this finding of the comptroller, and therefore brought the ease by cer- tiorari before the supreme court, which, in 1869, modified the comptroller's decision, placing the true excess of equal- ized value at $864,808, and the true exeess of tax at $13,491, and ordered the board to levy that excess of tax on the towns of the county, except Watertown, and pay the amount over to the latter town. The board refused to obey the deeree of the court, and a mandamus was issued November 25, 1869, from the supreme court to compel the
board to levy the tax, whereupon the ease was taken to the court of appeals, which affirmed the decision of the supreme court, and sent the ease baek to the lower tribunal for final judgment and eolleetion. In November, 1870, the board voted to levy the tax, but disagreed as to the interest and eosts which had aeeumulated, whereupon another writ of mandamus was issued, eommanding the board to levy a sum sufficient, on the other towns of the county, to pay Water- town the judgment interest and eost, then amounting to $14,257.70, which the board proceeded to do.
Bonds to the amount of $1,597,700 were issued by the authorities of Jefferson County, in aid of volunteer enlist- ments, in the War of the Rebellion. There was received from the State in 1865, on account of bounties paid, $612,100, and the amount was used to reduce taxation and in buying up the outstanding and unmatured bonds of the eounty. The total taxes paid in the county in 1864 amounted to $457,257.77, of which $258,631.07 were county taxes. The heaviest eounty tax was paid in 1869, the same amounting to $290,881.18, and the aggregate of taxes being $444,730.08. In 1866, the town taxes amounted to $115,086.34. From 1860 to 1876, both years inelusive, the people of Jefferson County have paid in taxes the sum of $5,683,246.10,* to the State, county, and town authorities, aside from their exeise and internal l'evenue taxes. The amount of outstanding bonded in- debtedness of the county at the present writing is $332,000. The bonded indebtedness of the towns on November 1, 1876, and which was ineurred by aid voted to railroads in 1869-1872, was as follows :
Original Subscription. Amount Outstanding.
Alexandria ..
$60,000
$60,000
Champion
35,000
34,100
Clayton
100,000
100,000
Hounsfield ..
75,000
75,000
Philadelphia
30,000
29,000
Rutlandt
3,000
3,000
Theresa
60,000
60,000
Watertown (old town).
300,000
296,000
Watertown City}
148,000
138,000
Wilna ..
100,000
87,500
Add county indebtedness.
332,000
Total indebtedness of county and towns. $1,214,600
CENSUS STATISTICS.
The eensus of 1800 and 1807 gave the number of legal voters with property qualifieations only. The eensus of 1810 gave the following returns of manufacturers in this eounty :
Cotton goods made in families, yards (av. 32 cts.) ..
1,392
Flaxen goods made in families, yards (av. 3712 cts.). 106,623
Blended and unnamed cloths, yards (av. 35 cts.) ..
1,475
Woolen goods made in families, yards (av. 8712 cts.) ...
51,013
Looms.
Carding-machines 5, pounds carded (av. 50 cts. per lb.).
35,000
Falling-mills 8, yards fulled (av. $1.25 per yard)
40,000
Hatteries 2, hats made (av. $2.50).
1,000
Furnaces 2, tons of iron (av. $100 to $120 per ton).
50
Trip-hammers.
16
Hides tanned (av. $4 25)
750
Calf-skins tanned (av. $1.12) ...
1000
Oil-mills 3, gallons made (av. $1.25)
9,650
Distilleries 16, gallons made (av. 80 cts.).
32,000
Breweries 2, gallons made (av. 17 cts.) ..
25,600
Paper-mills 1, reams made (av. $3) 900
The census of 1814, taken in pursuance of an act passed April 15 of that year, gave the following results :
# Does not include distriet school taxes. + Not for R. R. 1876.
# Water bonds, $115,000.
660
Tanneries.
$882,600
comptroller Į
50,019.16
89
HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY, NEW YORK.
Total population in the thirteen towns.
18,564
1830.
1840
Males.
Females.
Males.
Females.
Whites 40 to 50
1,872
1,641
2,606
2,184
50 4
60.
1,030
830
1,567
1,406
60 .
70
474
417
838
727
70 €
80
195
176
351
299
80 4
90
47
4
79
96
90 4
100.
2
4
11
7
over 100
2
65
74
70
From the census of 1840 we derive the following :
Iron .- Cast-iron furnaces, 6; tons, 1166; forges-mill, 1; tons, 80; tons of fuel eousumed, 1869; men employed, 256; capital in- vested, $59,000.
bead .- Smelting-house, 1; pounds, 300,000; eapital invested, $10,000.
Forest .- Value of lumber, $247,448; tons pot and pearlash, 1006; valuo of fnrs and skins, $25; other products of the forest, $15,854; men employed, 131.
Manufactures .- Machinery made, $35,000; men employed, 48; manufactures of metal, $22,000; men employed, 18; marble, value, $30; brieks and lime, $11,732; men employed, 32.
Wool .- Fulling-mills, 22; woolen manufactories, 11 : value man- ufaetured, $205,300; persons employed, 292; capital invested, $273,800.
Cotton .- Factories, 1 ; spindles, 1000 ; value manufactured, $16,000 ; persons employed, 40; eapital invested, $10,000.
Tobacco .- Manufactured, $1000 ; persons employed, 3.
Huts, etc .- Value manufactured, $13,350; value straw bonnets, $1000; persons employed, 32; capital invested, $7000.
Leather .- Tanneries, 31; sides sole leather tanned, 10,448; sides upper leather tanned, 22,340; men employed, 143; eapital invested, $88,200; other manufactures of leather, $98,800; eapital invested, $19,400.
Soap and Candles .- Pounds of soap, 19,700; tallow' candles, pounds, 34,640 ; men employed, 5; capital invested, $3000.
Distilled and Fermented Liquors .- Distilleries, 9 ; gallons prodneed, 313,344; breweries, 8; gallons produced, 64,000; men employed, 31; capital invested, $37,500.
- Medicinal Drugs, Paints, etc., $1500.
Paper .- Manufactory, I; value made, $10,000.
Printing, etc .- Offices, 4; binderies, 1; weekly papers, 5; men employed, 28; capital invested, $15,300.
Cordage .- Rope-walk, 1; value made, $8000; men employed, 5.
Carriages, etc .- Value merchandise, $44,400; men employed, 76; capital iuvested, $20,150.
Mills .- Flouring-mills, 8; barrels of flour made, 11,900; grist- mills, 34; saw-mills, 109; oil-mills, 4; value of manufactures, $299,514; men employed, 177; capital invested, $194,200.
Furniture .- Value made, $24,250; men employed, 42; eapital invested, $9340.
Houses .- Built of wood year previous, 147 ; briek and stone houses, 23; men employed, 318; value of buildings, $223,790.
All other manufactures not enumerated, $74,493; capital invested, $22,358; total manufacturing eapital, $721,249.
The census of 1845 gave many details, for which the former ones afford no means of comparison, viz. :
Nativity .- New York, 50,582; New England, 7528; other States, 557; Groat Britain and Provinees, 4200; France, 424; Germany, 425; other European countries, 99.
Children .- Between 5 and 16, 18,619; attending common schools, 15,659; attending private schools, 623; attending academies, 73; attending colleges, 14.
Churches .-- Baptist, 19; Episcopal, 6; Presbyterian, 16; Congre- gational, 9; Methodist, 24; Catholic, 5; Dutch Reformed, 3; Uni- tarian, 2; Jewish, 1; Quakers, 2. Number of clergyuien, 106: salary, $28,040.30.
Schools .- Academies, 1; common schools, 357; cost of schools, $74,927.70 ; cost ofimprovements, $3,011.10 ; pupils, 15,761 ; average attendance, 9386; private schools, 26 ; pupils, 620.
Professions .- Attorneys, 48; physicians, 102; merchants. 200; manufacturers, 253; mechauies, 2369; farmers, 11,002; inns, 118; wholesale stores, 3; retail stores, 161 ; groceries, 57.
Crops .- Wheat 32,949 aeres, 421,819 bushels: corn 17,432 aeres,
30 4 7
5
10
3,901
3,698
4,615
4,217
10 “
15.
3,211
3,053
3,907
3,623
15 €
20
2,599
2,716
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