USA > New York > Livingston County > History of Livingston County, New York, from its earliest traditions to the present together with early town sketches > Part 42
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424
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
The canvass in this county was conducted with the same feeling and earnestness which everywhere marked it. Wigwams sprang up here and there; lofty poles flung to the breeze the banners of the contend- ing parties; bands of "Little Giants" and "Wide Awakes" almost daily paraded the streets, or lit up the dark night with their smoking torches and frequent political gatherings were addressed by the chosen orators of the opposing factions. It was the campaign of 1840 re- peated with variations; the day of "Tippecanoe and Tyler too" re- vived.
At last the decisive day came when the parties met at the polls to declare their political preferences, and when the smoke of battle rolled away it was found that the Republican party had achieved a great and unparalleled victory. Like the whirlwind it had swept everything before it in the North, and State after State had rolled up majorities before unknown. In Livingston county the entire Republican ticket was elected, the majority on the electoral ticket being 1917, and on the county ticket averaging over 1800-a result astonishing to men of all parties.
425
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
CHAPTER XIX.
W HATEVER else may be recorded on the page of history, the valor and unflagging patriotism of a people should have a prominent place, and be written in characters as lasting as the eternal hills. In harmony with this sentiment some attempt is here made to give an account of Livingston's part in the War of the Rebellion, and of her contributions of men and money in support of the General Government when foes assailed it and the national life was in danger.
The people of this county have ever been distinguished for their loy- alty and patriotism. Many of its earliest settlers, when they penetrat- ed the forests of this then vast wilderness, were fresh from the toils, privations and bloody battles of the Revolutionary struggle ; and a few years later, when the British foe again invaded our shores, no people responded more readily to the call of the government for help, endured the privations and dangers of war more cheerfully or rendered greater service in repelling the enemy than the citizens of Livingston. Love of country was with them a passion. Some of their best blood had been given in its defense, and their sturdy, honest, fearless char- acter made them warmly devoted to the principles of civil and relig- ious liberty upon which the government was founded.
Thus, when intelligence came that the Southern people had risen in open rebellion, their patriotic zeal was aroused to the highest pitch and an earnest resolution found unanimous expression that the govern- ment should be sustained and the Nation's life preserved, cost what it might.
Many still remember the intense excitement that prevailed when news came of the firing upon Fort Sumter. The national emblem had been insulted, the federal authority defied, the safety of the Union was threatened! The dark cloud that long overhung the Nation had burst, the storm was upon it, and people awoke from fancied security to find themselves involved in all the horrors of civil war. Then it was that the people of Livingston county, in common with the whole loyal North, rose up in their patriotic
426
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
strength and asserted their determination to defend the govern- ment they had founded and cherished against the traitorous hands that were raised to accomplish its destruction. The valleys rever- berated with the patriotic songs of loyal men ; the Spartan hills echoed back the sound, and from near and far came ever-increasing evidence that when the principles of free government were assailed Livingston would be among the first to tender its services for protection and de- fense. It was no time now for partisan feeling or for lukewarm meas- ures. A graver duty presented itself, and with party lines obliterated, partisan differences forgotten, the people united upon the common platform of "The Union, now and forever" and sung in unison the patriotic lines-
"Our Country! right or wrong- What manly heart can doubt That thus should swell the patriot song, Thus ring the patriot shout ? Be but the foe arrayed, And war's wild trumpet blown, - Cold were his heart who has not made His country's cause his own!"
Under the calls of President Lincoln for troops, Livingston county was among the first to make enlistments. Union meetings were every- where held and prominent men of all parties united in addressing them and in securing volunteers. Scarcely had the smoke cleared away from Sumter's ruined walls when a large number had enrolled them- selves under the Union banner and were rapidly forming into companies. Nor did the people forget in this hour the duty which they owed to the households of those who enlisted to fight their battles for them. Relief funds were raised in the several towns, and the brave soldier when he went to the battle's front had the comfort of know- ing that his family would be well cared for by those who had under- taken this patriotic duty. Loyal men gave freely and cheerfully to this holy cause, and these funds were swelled to most generous propor- tions. Unfortunately their aggregate amount cannot be stated, but it is certainly safe to say that it was generous.
Later, when the Sanitary Commission had been organized, liberal aid was constantly given this important branch of the service by the
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HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
county, and no little credit is due the loyal wives, mothers and sisters who worked with a devotion worthy of this noble cause to render it efficient in field and hospital.
And later still, when the long struggle bad drawn heavily upon the home circles, after the Union arms had suffered repeated reverses and even strong men were filled with doubts and fears; when this dark hour had come and enlistments were slow, the county came nobly to the rescue and offered liberal bounties to recruits, counting no cost too great that would save the Nation or preserve the honor of Old Liv- ingston. The money thus paid amounted to the vast sum of Twelve Hundred and Fifty Thousand Dollars, or nearly one-tenth of the total assessed valuation of the county at the time.
As early as June, 1861, the county had furnished five companies of volunteers, without including a large number, probably enough to have formed another company, who had enlisted at Rochester and other places. These companies were raised in the towns of North Dansville, Geneseo, Lima, Mount Morris and Nunda, and were officered as fol- lows: Dansville company, Carl Stephan, Captain ; George Hyland, Jr., 1st Lieutenant ; Ralph T. Wood, 2d Lieutenant. Geneseo company, Wilson B. Warford, Captain; Moses Church, 1st Lieutenant; John Gummer, 2d Lieutenant. Lima company, James Perkins, Captain; Philo D. Phillips, 1st Lieutenant; H. Seymour Hall, 2d Lieutenant. Mount Morris company, Charles E. Martin, Captain; Joseph H. Bo- dine, 1st Lieutenant; Oscar H. Phillips, 2d Lieutenant. Nunda com- pany, James M. NcNair, captain; George T. Hamilton, 1st Lieuten- ant; Henry G. King. 2d Lieutenant. All of these companies rendez- voused at Elmira, but, perhaps unfortunately, they were assigned to different regiments.
The Dansville volunteers were made Company B of the 13th Regi- ment, N. Y. V. I. and in the organization of the regiment Captain Stephan was made Lieutenant-Colonel, and George Hyland. Jr., be- came Captain of the company.
The Lima and Mount Morris companies were made a part of the 27th Regiment, N. Y. V. I., the former as Company G, and the latter as Company H. This regiment was formed at Elmira from companies recruited in Rochester, Binghamton, Lyons, Angelica and this coun- ty, with Colonel Slocum, afterward made a Major-General, in com- mand. The list of engagements in which this regiment participated
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HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
shows that it shared in some of the hardest fighting of the war, and was distinguished for signal bravery throughout its whole period of service.
The Geneseo and Nunda companies were assigned to the 33d Regi- ment, N. Y. V. I., the former as Company E and the latter as Com- pany F. This regiment was composed of two companies from Seneca Falls, and one each from Palmyra, Waterloo, Canandaigua, Geneseo, Nunda, Buffalo, Geneva and Penn Yan. The organization of the regi- ment was effected May 21st, 1861, with Robert F. Taylor as Colonel.
The 8th N. Y. Cavalry numbered among its members many brave and gallant troopers from the different towns in this county, and in August, 1862, James McNair received a commission as Captain and recruited from Groveland and the towns adjoining a large number of men who formed the nucleus of Company L of this regiment.
In the summer of 1861, while General Wadsworth was on a flying visit to Geneseo, he stated to prominent gentlemen that the war was to be a long one, and he was extremely anxious that Livingston should do her whole duty. To accomplish this he proposed that a regiment should be raised in the county, and asked John Rorbach to allow him to present the latter's name to the Governor for a commission to recruit such a regiment. After some hesitation Mr. Rorbach con- sented, and in a short time he received a commission to recruit and organize a regiment for the service. The experiment seemed a haz- ardous one, inasmuch as the county had already furnished recruits enough for at least a regiment, but earnest men had hold of the meas- ure and it was bound to succeed. It was also proposed to call the new regiment the "Wadsworth Guards," in honor of the brave officer who had suggested its organization, and who had already reflected such honor on his native county by his daring bravery and self-sacri- ficing patriotism.
Colonel Rorbach found, after some weeks' hard work, that it would be impossible to organize a regiment without having a local depot to which he could send his recruits as fast as they were secured. He asked the State authorities, therefore, to establish a military depot at Geneseo, and an order to this effect was issued. The 104th Regiment may be said to have begun an active existence on the 30th day of September, 1861, when there arrived at Geneseo Captain Henry G. Tuthill, with about sixty men, who afterwards became Com-
1
Brig. Gen. James S. Wadsworth.
-
...
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Camp Grounds of the 104th Regiment al Geneseo, "Camp Union."
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HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
pany A of the regiment. Company B followed with about forty men three or four days later. At this time no barracks had been erected and accordingly the men of Companies A and B were quar- tered at the hotels in the village for a while. The "old camp ground" at the head of North street having been selected as the site of the military depot, barracks were constructed, and the work of re- cruiting became general throughout most of the county of Livingston and a portion of the county of Wyoming and continued until February, 1862.
The following advertisement for recruits, appearing in one of the Geneseo papers of that time, will serve to show the energy with which the various captains of the Wadsworth Guards sought to complete their rosters:
WADSWORTH GUARDS! DEPOT AT GENESEO
JOHN RORBACH, Colonel. HENRY V. COLT, Qr .- Master.
VOLUNTEERS WANTED
FOR THE
WADSWORTH GUARDS!
THE CRACK REGIMENT OF THIS STATE.
To be attached to General Wadsworth's Bri- gade, where we are now in camp, at Camp Union, Geneseo, Livingston County, N. Y.
Persons enlisting can go into camp at once, be sworn in and receive pay, rations and uniforms from the date of enlistment.
Come and enlist in
COMPANY H.
Commanded by Capt. A. KENDALL, of Moscow.
PAY $13 TO $23 PER MONTHI
AND $100 BOUNTY AT CLOSE OF THE WAR!
Persons can enlist by applying to E. S. Norton, Hemlock Lake, or at the Headquarters of Co. Il. on the Camp Ground.
The Regiment is commanded by Col. Jno. Rorbach Capt. ALFRED KENDALL,
Lieut. J. P. RUDD, Recruiting Officers.
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HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
"Stand by the Stars and Stripes. "
COME ONE, COME ALL !
And enlist in a good Company, and under a man that has seen serviec.
CAPT. JAMES A. GAULT,
Who was in the Thirteenth Regiment, and at the battle of Bull Run.
I am now raising a Company to be attached to the Wadsworth Guards.
We are now in camp at Camp Union, Geneseo. My company is organized, and I only want a few more men to complete the Company. Come and enlist in
COMPANY F.
Commanded by Capt. JAMES A, GAULT. PAY $13 TO $23 PER MONTH!
AND $100 BOUNTY AT CLOSE OF THE WAR!
Pny, Rations and I'niforms furnished from date of enlistment. My Headquarters for Recruiting are at the Camp.
This Regiment is commanded by Col. Jno. Rorbach.
Capt. JAS. A. GAULT, Lieut. J. HEMSTREET, Recruiting Officers.
Volunteers Wanted! FOR COMPANY B.
Commanded by Capt. L. H. DAY, and attached to the Wadsworth Guards, which Regiment is to be attached to Genl. Wadsworth's Brigade,
Capt. Day offers great inducements to volun- teers to join his Company now in camp at Camp Union, Geneseo, Livingston county, N. Y.
I have now about 70 men enlisted, and only want a few more good men to complete the Com- pany.
PAY $13 TO $23 PER MONTHI
AND $100 BOUNTY AT CLOSE OF THE WAR !
Pay, Rations and Uniforms furnished from date of enlistment.
Persons can enlist by applying at Snyder's Hotel, Springwater, and to II. L. Arnold, Conesus Center, or at Headquarters of Company B, on the Camp Ground, at Camp Union.
Be sure and ask for Company B. if you want to enlist.
This Regiment is Commanded by Col. Jno. Rorbach.
Capt. L. II. DAY, Lieut. II. A. WILEY, Recruiting Officers.
RALLY TO THE RESCUE !
OUR FLAG IS IN DANGER.
Volunteers Wanted for the WADSWORTH GUARDS,
The Crnek Regiment of the State, and now in camp at Camp Union, Geneseo, N. Y.
COMPANY D.
Commanded by Capt. ZOPHIAR SIMPSON, an old resident of Geneseo, and a member of the old 54th Regiment. This Regiment is to be attached to General Wadsworth's Brigade.
PAY $13 TO $23 PER MONTH,
AND $100 BOUNTY AT CLOSE OF TIIE WAR !
A few more good men will be received by mak- ing application at once to Hollis Annis, Le Roy, and at the Headquarters of the Company, on the Camp Ground at Camp Union. Be sure and ask for Co. D's Quarters, and enlist in a good Com- pany.
Pay, Rations and Uniforms furnished from date of enlistment.
This Regiment is commanded by Col. Jno. Rorbach.
Capt. Z. SIMPSON, Lieut. C. H. YOUNG, Recruiting Officers.
ATTENTION. VOLUNTEERS.
FALL IN, FALL IN, And enlist in
COMPANY C.
Under Capt. STEPHEN L. WING, of Pike, Wyo- ming county, and whose Company is now attach- ed to the Wadsworth Guards, and now in camp at Camp U'nion, Geneseo, and one of the best com- panies on the ground, and the Color Company of the Regiment, and
Only a few more Men Wanted !
To fill the Company full. Apply soon, as the best chances will be taken.
PAY $13 TO $23 PER MONTH,
AND $100 BOUNTY AT CLOSE OF THE WAR !
Pay, Rations and I'niforms furnished from date of enlistment.
Persons can enlist by applying to Rev. D. Russell, Pike, Wyoming county; or at the Tent of Company C on the Camp Ground, where we make our Headquarters.
This Regimeut is commanded by Col. Joo. Rorbach.
Capt. STEPHEN L. WING,
Lieut. IIENRY RUNYAN, Recruiting Officers.
A
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HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
RECRUITS WANTED FOR THE WADSWORTH GUARDS.
To be attached to Gen. Wadsworth's Brigade.
A few Good Men Wanted To fill up my Company,
COMPANY E,
and commanded by Capt. H. C. LATTIMORE, formerly of Avon.
Great inducements offered to good men to join my Company.
PAY $13 TO $23 PER MONTH 1
AND $100 BOUNTY AT CLOSE OF THE WAR!
Pay. Rations and Uniforms furnished from date of eulistmeut.
My Headquarters for recruiting is ou the Camp Ground, where we are now in camp, at Camp Union, Livingston county, N. Y.
in, Be sure and ask for Capt. Lattimore's Com- pauy. (Company E ) and eolist at once.
This Regiment is commanded by Col. Jno. Rorbach
Capt. H. C. LATTIMORE, Lieut. W. T. LOZIER, Recruiting Officers.
WAR, WAR, WAR !
COME ONE, COME ALL ! Aud eulist iu a first class Company,
COMPANY A,
Commanded by Capt. H. G. TUTHILL, of Nun- da, and Lieut. L C. SKINNER, the first company organized, aod in a first class Regimeot,
THE WADSWORTH GUARDS,
Are now in camp at Camp Union, Geneseo, and are to be attached to Gen. Wadsworth's Brigade. This Company is now organized and nearly full, consequently only a Few More Volunteers Wanted
PAY $13 TO $23 PER MONTH!
AND $100 BOUNTY AT CLOSE OF THE WAR !
Or time of discharge, and all other emoluments received by any other Regiment. Pay, Rations and Uniforms furnished from date of enlistment.
Volunteers may enlist and be forwarded to the Camp by applying to S. A. Ellis, 78 State Street, Rochester, or at our Tent on the Camp Ground, where we are now quartered at Camp Union, Geueseo, Livingston County, N. Y
Capt. H. G. TUTHILL. Lieut. L. H. SKINNER, Recruiting Officers. .
By the last of February 1862, ten organized companies were in bar- racks, with a total of 683 enlisted men and 20 commissioned officers, all of whom had been mustered into the United States service by Captain E. G. Marshall.
At the request of the officers in charge of the depot, the regiment thus formed was ordered to Albany, and on the 25th day of February, 1862, left Geneseo amid the cheers and tears of thousands, who had assembled to bid them God-Speed. Arriving at Albany, they went into barracks in the suburbs of the city, remaining there until about the 20th day of March. On the 4th day of March an order was issued consolidating the regiment thus under the command of Col. Rorbach, into seven companies, also consolidating with the companies already formed a skeleton regiment then in camp at the neighboring city of Troy, under the command of Col. John J. Viele, and containing in all about 300 men, who afterwards composed companies H, I and K of the 104th, the seven companies from Geneseo being lettered from A to G inclusive. The total strength of the regiment thus formed was 1040 men and the following is a roster of the commissioned officers as taken from the order organizing the regiment, which was
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HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
issued from the office of the Adjutant General of the State, and the field and staff commissioned, on the 8th day of March, 1862:
Colonel, John Rorbach,
Lieut. Col., R. Wells Kenyon,
Major, Lewis C. Skinner,
Adjutant, Frederick T. Vance,
Company A.
Capt. Henry G. Tuthill, ist Lieut. 2d " Albert S. Haver. Company C.
Capt. Stephen L. Wing,
Ist Lieut. Henry Runyan,
2d Nelson J. Wing. Company E.
Capt. H. C. Lattimore,
Ist Lieut. Wm. F. Lozier,
zd Wm. L. Trembley.
Company G.
Capt. James A. Gault,
Ist Lieut. John P. Rudd,
2d .ยข John R. Strang. Company I.
Capt. John Kelley, Ist Lieut. J. J. McCaffrey,
2d Chas. W. Fisher.
Quarter-Master, Henry V. Colt, Surgeon, Enos G. Chase, Asst Surgeon, Douglas S. Landon, Chaplain, Daniel Russell.
Company B.
Capt. Lehman H. Day, ist Lieut. Henry A. Wiley, 2d Homer M. Stull.
Company D.
Capt. Zophar Simpson, ist Lieut. Jacob H. Stull,
2d Geo. H. Starr. Company F.
Capt. Gilbert G. Prey, Ist Lieut. Luman F. Dow,
2d W. J Hemstreet. Company H.
Capt. James K. Selleck, ist Lieut. E. B Wheeler,
ed
Thos Johnston.
Company K.
Capt. John C. Thompson, ist Lieut. John H. Miller, 2d Wm. C. Wilson.
Leaving Albany March 20th, and remaining one night at the Park Barracks in New York City, the regiment, after a very long and ted- ious journey, arrived at Washington late in the evening of the 22d, where for the first time the men had the experience, so common in after years, of sleeping upon the open ground, or the still more filthy depot floor. Next day it was transferred to barracks at Kalorama Heights, three miles from the Capitol, and there remained about three weeks during which time arms (Enfield Rifles) and accoutre- ments were issued to the men, and ceaseless drill went on.
In the early part of April the regiment was attached to the brigade commanded by Gen. Abram Duryee, which was being collected in camp at Cloud's Mills, a short distance from Alexandria, Virginia, and there it went into camp in the literal tented field for the first time. The brigade was composed of the 97th, 104th and 105th N. Y. and the 107th Pa. regiments. Remaining here for about a month, special at-
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HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
tention was given to drilling and maneuvering, both by companies, regiments and brigade, and the 104th became exceptionally perfect in its drill, so that, under the skillful command of Col. Rorbach, it formed a square from line of battle in less than twelve seconds, which Gen. Duryee, formerly Colonel of the N. Y. Seventh Regiment, acknowl- edged was equal, if not superior, to anything that could be done by that famous militia regiment.
Soon after the first of May another forward step was taken, and the whole brigade was moved to Catlett's Station, Virginia, to be in position for the forward movement which it was then contemplated Gen. McDowell should make from Fredericksburg. While encamped at Catlett's Station the regiment was presented with a magnificent stand of colors, guidons, &c., by Mrs. General James S. Wadsworth, in recognition of the compliment paid to her gallant husband in the name of the regiment, "The Wadsworth Guards." The United States flag, which formed part of this stand of colors, bearing many a rent and battle stain, was torn from the staff and destroyed by corpor- al James Thompson, one of the color bearers, on the first day of July, 1863, at Gettysburg, Pa., to prevent its falling into the hands of the enemy during the retreat to and through the city on that day; the State flag, a beauitful silk banner, was borne through safely, and is now in the archives of the State at the office of the Adjutant General in Albany. On the 24th day of May the regiment was suddenly de- tached from the brigade, and ordered to proceed by rail to Thorough- fare Gap, and join the command of Brig. Gen. Geary, which arrived at the Gap on the morning of the 26th. In the afternoon of the same day Gen. Geary, fearing that his brigade was about to be overwhelmed by the forces of Gen. Jackson, then operat- ing in the Shenandoah Valley, gave orders to retire hastily to Manassas, and the movement began at once. Gen. Duryee had prohi- bited the wagons of the regiment from coming to the Gap, and as the railroad was abandoned on the forenoon of the 26th, the regiment had no means of removing its tents, stores and camp equipage, and was forced to leave everything behind which could not be carried on the persons of the men. By the personal order of Gen. Geary. such stores, &c. left behind were burned by a company of the 1st Michi- gan Cavalry, to prevent their falling into the enemy's hands. Thus, it will be seen, that an event which at the time caused many harsh
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HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
and unjust reflections on the regiment was one for which neither the regiment nor any of its officers were in the remotest degree respon- sible.
The march to Manassas Junetion was long and severe, and, in view of the fact that several of the companies had been engaged in a reconnoitering expedition all the forenoon, it is not surprising that everything which could be abandoned was parted with on the march, and most of the regiment, officers as well as men, arrived at Ma- nassas with nothing left but the clothing which they wore, and the arms and accoutrements upon their persons.
On the 28th of May the regiment was again ordered to Catlett's Station, where it remained for about three weeks as an independent command, picketing all the adjacent country; Gen. Duryee, returning to Catlett's Station about the middle of June with the other regi- ments of the brigade, made some changes in the camp grounds, re- moving the 104th to a low, marshy section, which resulted disas- trously to the health of the regiment.
On the 5th of July the brigade was moved to Warrenton, and on the 22d of the same month to Waterloo, where it was attached to Gen. Riekett's division of McDowell's corps.
On the 5th of August Gen. Pope, with his "headquarters in the saddle" began the famous advance into the heart of the enemy's country. Passing through Culpepper, the battlefield of Cedar Moun- tain was reached on the evening of the 9th, too late, however, for the regiment to take any special part in the struggle of that day. The enemy retiring across the Rapidan, the advance was continued to that river, where the regiment remained until the 18th of August, when began the retrograde movement, which brought the whole army under Gen. Pope, shattered and dispirited upon the plains of Manassas, within the defences of Washington.
In the retrograde movement of the army which began August 18th the regiment recrossed the Rappahannock River, took a position near the railroad bridge crossing that stream, and at this point was exposed to a sharp artillery fire. Leaving there, it was on duty one night as guard at Gen. Pope's headquarters, and then proceeded to Thoroughfare Gap, accompanied by the whole of Gen. Riekett's division, which was ordered to seize and hold the Gap. But when the advance reached the Gap early in the afternoon of August 28th, the
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