USA > New York > Livingston County > History of Livingston County, New York, from its earliest traditions to the present together with early town sketches > Part 74
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George Smith was born in Dorset, Vermont, on the third of March, 1779, while his parents were moving from Scituate, Rhode Island, to the former state, in which they continued to reside until 1798. His ancestors were of Rhode Island. His father, Oziel Smith, removed to Livonia, where he died in September, 1818, at the age of 78 years. His mother's maiden name was Margaret Walton. In the winter of 1798, George engaged with Joel Roberts, of Lima, to drive a team of two yoke of oxen and a horse from Rutland, Vt., to the Genesee country, heavily loaded with plow irons, chains and other agricultural implements. The journey was made in twenty-four days. He re- mained in Lima until the spring of 1801, when he removed to Livonia with John Wolcott, to work at the carpenter and joiner trade, and millwright business. Their first job was the erection of the first framed house built in the town of Livonia. In 1803 he worked a season on the old court house now standing in Batavia, and in the fall
764
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
of the same year he erected a saw mill for the Holland Land Com- pany at the Oak Orchard falls, now Medina. At that time the Ridge road was not cut out. The nearest inhabited house stood on the old Queenstown road, nine miles distant. In January, 1807, he married Sally Woodruff. In the March following he commenced house-keep- ing in a log house on the farm on which he continued to reside until 1871. On the formation of the town, Colonel Smith was elected as- sessor, and was elected supervisor in 1820, and several times there- after. He was appointed justice of the peace in 1819, and held the office about eight years. Immediately after the declaration of war in 1812, he was commissioned as Major in Colonel Peter Allen's Regi- ment of Militia, and was ordered to the Niagara frontier. The regi- ment was first quartered at Five Mile Meadows, and afterwards at Lewiston. When the order came on the 12th day of October to attack Queenstown, the Major was detached and ordered to take charge of the boats and transportation. After the repulse of the troops under Van Rensselaer, in the first movement, Major Mullany was ordered across with a hundred men. But the firing upon the boats in the first attempt had demoralized the boatmen and they ran away. The soldiers however supplied their places, though, lacking skill to manage the boats in the swift current, they were carried half a mile below the point of attack, and when they reached the shore were fired upon by the enemy, who left the heights and came down in such force as to make prisoners of the battalion with the exception of Major Mullany, Doctor Lawton of Philadelphia, and one other, who put off in a boat, and though exposed to a general fire from the British lines, they suc- ceeded in making good their escape, their boat so badly riddled on reaching the American side that it was in a sinking condition. Mean- time Captain, afterwards General, Wool was crossing the river with his forces, and stormed and took the heights. As soon as the Amer- ican forces had reached the other side, General Wadsworth with a small force under orders took boats for the purpose of supporting the movement, and to take command of the attacking party. He directed Smith to raise the flag of his regiment, and to join his force. He promptly stepped into one of the boats and unfurled the colors, though the enemy paid their respects to the party with a twenty-four pounder planted over the river. He had the honor of planting this flag on the British battery. Major Smith was sent out under Colonel, afterwards
765
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
General, Winfield Scott to drive the Indians, who were firing upon the heights, from a piece of woods. On the return Major Smith passed an old soldier of the Revolution, then serving in Colonel Stranahan's regiment, who was trying to scalp an Indian. On being ordered to desist, he replied that it had cost him a great deal of trouble to kill the Indian, for they had been dodging each other's shots for some time, and insisted that he might be permitted to preserve some re- membrance of the red-skin. If not allowed the scalp he would content himself with the Indian's blanket, two good yards of blue broadcloth, and stripping it from the body of his fallen antagonist, he deftly thrust the prize into his knapsack. After the heights were retaken by the British and our troops made prisoners, they were taken to Fort George, and at the end of a week were released on parole. Major Smith was a prisoner and was included in the parole. In 1817 he was appointed Colonel of the 94th Regiment of militia, and served two or three years in that capacity. On the organization of the county in 1821, he was elected to the Assembly, being the first representative from the new county, and the last under the first constitution. In 1824 he was re-elected to the Assembly having for a colleague George Hosmer, of Avon.
He moved from Livonia to Rochester in 1871 and died there in 1873 in the 95th year of his age. His son, Lewis E. Smith, became promi- nent as a lawyer, and was three times elected Member of Assembly from Livingston county, after which he moved to Rochester, where he is still residing at a very advanced age. Hon. Lewis E. Smith has contributed very valuable material to the early history of Livonia.
The first frame house in town belonged to David Benton, and was built in 1801. The carpenter work was done by Colonel George and John Smith. The first saw mill was built by Mr. Higby in 1795, and the first grist mill by Seth Simmons the same year. Isaac Bishop was the pioneer merchant. The first distillery was built by Levi Van Fossen in 1808, and the second in 1817 by Fred Davis.
"A colony composed mainly of Eastern people, would not be long without a district school, and in the winter of 1798 and '9. a little log house at the Centre was opened for a winter term to the children and young people. Darius Peck was the teacher. The carpenter work was done by Colonel George Smith and John Wolcott. In 1803 Isaac Bishop opened a store and made an ashery. The heavy growth of
766
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
forest trees and the densc underwood afforded favorable covers for wild game, wolves, and bears, too, were often seen; the depredations of the latter were quite annoying, and sheep, and even swine needed to be housed near the dwellings of the settlers. An incident of 1805, occurring on the farm of Mr. Richardson, near the site of South Livonia, is related. While chopping near his hog-pen early one morn- ing, Mr. Richardson heard an unusual disturbance in the inclosure. Slipping quickly to the pen he saw an enormous bear attempting to drag a large hog over the side. Lifting his axe he jumped into the pen. The bear dodged his blows, and he was obliged to call a fellow- workman before the hungry brute could be driven off and made to retreat into the rank weeds. With the aid of a neighbor a dead-fall was set for the bear. On visiting this trap the next morning the bait was gone, but the weight, in its fall, had caught the bear by one of its fore paws, which, in its struggles, had been torn off, and the victim got away minus the paw. The Indians roamed over every portion of the town and have left visible traces in several parts of their occupancy."
Another early settler of prominence was Leman Gibbs, who came with his parents, Eldad Gibbs and wife, in 1801. He was one of the protectors of the people as constable and deputy sheriff, and for thirty-five years was justice of the peace. To quote from Doty's history :
"He served as Member of Assembly in 1854, and after the close of the session was appointed a commissioner to examine the public ac- counts. His practical good sense was shown in the report made by himself and his fellow commissioners, in which several incipient abuses were pointed out and checked by subsequent legislation. Judge Gibbs had a fondness for military matters. Entering the militia as a musician he passed through the several grades to that of Brigadier General, from which he resigned. While holding the rank of sergeant he was promoted above a superior. The jealousy of the latter led to a misunderstanding and finally to a challenge to fight a duel. Mutual friends stepped in and the difficulty was amicably settled."
"The fondness of Judge Gibbs for music had made him proficient in the art, and he opened a singing school. The early settlers were ac- customed to introduce the popular songs of the day at the frequent social gatherings, and here Judge Gibbs was always foremost. His
767
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
uncle, Jeremiah Riggs, was quite gifted in making impromptu couplets on some familiar theme, a verse of which he would 'line,' and Judge Gibbs was as apt in wedding them to music, and these improvised efforts were the source of special delight to the little assemblages The hospitable house of Eldad Gibbs was always open to new comers, and many were the good natured practical jokes played by the circle of young men who often gathered there, upon any pretentious night."
At the first town meeting in 1808 held at the house of Solomon Woodruff the principal officers elected were: supervisor, Lyman Cook ; town clerk, Theodore Hinman; assessors, George Smith, John Warner, Matthew Hinman. The other officers are not now known, nor are the officers from that time to 1821, as the records were burned in 1878.
Some of the settlers who came a few years later were Robert Dixon, who was elected supervisor ten times, Darius Jacques, whose son, Russell R. Jacques, was proprietor of the widely known Jacques house on Hemlock lake for many years, Matthew Armstrong and Elias Chamberlain.
John Bosley, who came about 1798, built a grist mill on the outlet of Conesus lake in 1800. It was twice destroyed by fire and twice re- built; the last time by Lucius F. Olmsted & Co., in 1835. Mr. Bosley purchased a tract of about 400 acres of the Wadsworths. Near his mill was Fort Hill, known as a spot where many Indian skeletons and relics were found.
The first grist mill at Livonia Centre was built in 1816. It con- tained two runs of stone, and was built by Flavel Hunt, Orange Wood- ruff and Pliny Weller. The mill was purchased of them by Mr. Hin- man. The first miller was William Gilbert. The mill was destroyed by fire in after years. A saw-mill was built in 1817 on the creek about a quarter of a mile northeast of the Centre. The waters of the stream began to fail as lands were cleared and milling no longer paid, then it was abandoned. Hugh Lemon manufactured potash a few rods to the north of the grist mill in 1816 and continued in the busi- ness for a number of years. A tannery was carried on at the Centre north of the bridge as early as 1807.
August Porter, surveyor for Phelps and Gorham, received from them the town of Livonia for his services, at the rate of a shilling an
768
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
acre, and sold it for one shilling and six pence an acre, believing that he had made a good bargain.
Quoting from Norman Seymour: "In 1810 Livonia had a population of 1,187, with seventy-two voters, and the manufacturers in that year produced 15,933 yards of cloth from sixty looms. There were 200 families. In the year 1835 her population was 2,659. Its county tax was $754.58 and its town tax $711.41. The town then had three grist mills and three fulling mills. The number of yards fulled was 5, 485. There were also two distilleries."
The most picturesque part of Livonia is around the northern end of Hemlock Lake, with its bold, thickly wooded shores and banks. The lake is about seven miles long, averages 200 rods wide, and its pure waters are from sixty to eighty feet deep nearly the whole length. Since 1872 it has been the source of the city of Rochester's water supply. We quote from a paper on the subject by H. J. Wemett :
"Hemlock lake has an altitude of nearly 900 feet, and the adjacent hills-Bald Hill and Marrowback-must reach nearly that distance above the surface of the lake. Of the fifteen miles of beach that sur. round the lake, less than two border on cultivated fields. For miles at a stretch the high water leaves not even a foot-path along its beach, while the high, thickly-wooded and nearly perpendicular hills above you, nearly as far as the eye can reach, seem only waiting an invita- tion to fall into the water."
Early in the 19th century the lumber industry developed immensely in the country south of the lake, and the lumber or logs were conveyed down the lake by water in summer and over the ice in winter. In 1826 a public road was constructed along the east shore, and now forms a romantic driveway. Before this, during the winter as many as 200 lumber teams could often be seen at once on the ice. For many years much produce was taken from Livonia and Lima to the south- ern lumber camps in exchange for pine and hemlock boards and pianks and cedar posts. In the '70s, '80s and '90s many summer cottages were built along the west shore of the lake, and it became an outing place to which many resorted, but within the past four or five years, Rochester purchased the shore lands and cottages, and its brief history as a summer resort was ended.
After Rochester appropriated the waters of the lake litigation by the millers on the streams below resulted in the practical purchase by
769
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
the city of all of the mill property, in condemnation proceedings. Later the necessity of restricting the use of the shores of the lake led the city to appropriate an area of about two hundred deep feet of the shore line, at a very large expense. This resulted in converting the lake into a practical reservoir for the city, and its usefulness for other purposes ceased.
A correspondent states that "the Christian Society of Lakeville is one of the oldest in Livonia, having been organized in 181S. The first membership was ten persons, and the Rev. Joseph Badger was the pastor in charge. The present building was erected in 1850. It was repaired and made modern during the pastorate of Rev. M. D. Syke, and re-dedicated November 23, 1902."
The first Universalist Society was organized in 1831. The first trustees were Robert Adams, John Farrel and George Smith. The Mennonite Society was organized in 1827.
The First Baptist church was organized in 1816. Its covenant and articles of faith were examined and approved by representatives of Baptist churches of Groveland, Bristol, Avon and Lima. It did not own a church building until 1833, when the present one was erected, but it has been remodeled since and much improved. The church was rigid in its early discipline. If a member was absent from the services a few Sabbaths he or she was waited upon by a committee and re- quired to give reasons for the absence, and sometimes to promise more faithful attendance. In 1824 Rev. P. L. Slocum, the pastor, was ex- cluded for unchristian conduct, his offense consisting of drinking too much cider when visiting his parishioners. During the pastorate of Rev. Thomas Beebe, revival meetings were held by the celebrated Elder Knapp, and these were followed by the addition of eighty-one new members to the church, nearly all by baptism, who were immersed in Conesus lake in January, a large opening having been cut in ice eigh- teen inches thick for that purpose. During the ceremony it was necessary to stir the water continually to keep it from freezing; yet it was said that none of the candidates took cold. The church has had twenty-three pastors. The longest pastorate was that of Mr. Marean, who remained twenty-eight years. Deacon William T. Lewis was church clerk thirty-five years. L. J. Chamberlin has been deacon forty-seven years. The present membership numbers ninety-five.
770
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
The first church in Livonia was organized by Rev. Aaron C. Collins in December, 1806, and was called the Second Congregational Church of Pittstown. In 1813 it took the name of the First Presbyterian Church of Livonia. The original members were Jeremiah Riggs, Aaron Childs, Selah Stedman, Thankful Parsons, Lucy Childs, Dumeras Blake, Mary Stedman, Irene Clark, Benjamin Cook, Oliver Woodruff, Rachel Gibbs, Nancy Benton, Lydia Gibbs, Anna Wood- ruff, Sally Farrand, Sally and Rebecca Blake. George and Sally Smith sang in the choir. Religious sevices had been held in town before -- in 1803-4 by Rev. John Rolph, and in 1804-5 by Rev. Mr. Lane, a Methodist preacher from England. For a long time the services of the First Society were held in school houses and for eight or nine years by Mr. Collins, who divided his ministerial work between Livonia and Richmond. It did not build a house of worship until 1814, the year after it became Presbyterian. At this time the church numbered thirty members. It was without a pastor for some years after Mr. Collins left, and was supplied by neighboring ministers. The second pastor was Rev. Ebenezer Everett, in 1818, and the third, Rev. Ezekiel J. Chapman, who officiated from 1819 to 1827.
St. Michael's (Catholic) church of Livonia had its beginning in 1848, when several Catholic families settled in the town. Mass was celebrated that year in a cooper shop by Father O'Connor, and he made Livonia a charge, visiting it regularly. There were three other priests after him before Father Quigly, who, in 1855 and 1856, per- formed the duties for both that charge and Lima. In 1857 the membership was considerably increased, Father McGuire, became pastor, and a church building was erected. In the later '70's the church building was improved and a cemetery lot purchased under the guidance of Father T. C. Murphy.
In June, 1884, the Conesus Lake Salt and Mining company was organized with a capital of $30,000, with Joel Stone as president. He died suddenly, his son Frank E. Stone took his place, and the manu- facture of salt in Livonia was commenced, but after the company's block was burned in 1887 the company was dissolved. In 1884 M. L. Townsend of New York sank a well just north of Livonia village, and at the depth of 1,221 feet found a bed 3212 feet thick of pure rock salt. Another test well was put down south of the village in 1890, and at the depth of 1,335 fect a salt bed fifty-eight feet thick was struck.
771
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
Then a new salt company was formed, but the business was carried on at a loss and given up.
Mr. Van Fossen's distillery, started in 1808, has been mentioned as the first in the county. Others were built a few years later, and at one time there were six whiskey distilleries in active operation in the town. "At that time" (in the '20s), says H. D. Kingsbury, "every one drank. Ministers and deacons always kept their decanters well filled, and a religious visit was opened with a decorous dram. Twenty years later not a distillery was left, and the better part of the com- munity had discarded the drinking habit. To tell the causes that led to this great change would be an essay on the evolution of the moral sentiment. It seems astonishing that the best people were so long finding out that it was wrong to drink."
Nearly sixty years ago, the Livonia town fair was organized, and for several years, successful exhibitions were held at Livonia Centre. A few years after its close, and before the war of the Rebellion, thie people in the vicinity of Hemlock lake organized and held a fair on the Bowen lot on Clay St., near the village.
At the beginning of the war in 1861 and until the year 1867 no fair was held. In that year the enterprise was re-organized and its build- ings were moved to the Short lot at Glenville, and continued holding annual exhibition's until Ackley and Hoppough fitted up a trotting course at the village of Hemlock when the society moved its sheds and buildings to these grounds.
This year 1904 was the thirty-seventh consecutive year since its re- organization. The society has enlarged its grounds and built many new buildings. Some of the first old time presidents were Allen Syl- vester, S. T. Short, H. P. Hoppough, Samuel Bonner and Andrew Kuder. The society is in a flourishing condition.
Livonia people were enthusiastic in their support of the Union dur- ing the Civil war, and sent a large number of volunteers to the front. To this end the town raised much money by taxation, but the records of its bounties are not to be found. Edward S. Gilbert became lieu- tenant colonel of the 25th New York Volunteers; Edward E. Sill, brevet lieutenant colonel, 136th New York Volunteers; Henry F. Sill, captain in the 27th Iowa Infantry; Justus F. McCoy, captain in First New York Dragoons; Charles H. Richmond, surgeon of 104th New York Volunteers; Adam Dixon, captain in 104th New York Volun-
772
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
teers; Willard S. Chapin, captain in an Illinois regiment; Charles L. Peck, captain in the 136th New York Volunteers; and there were also eight first lieutenants from Livonia.
The list of supervisors of the town is as follows:
Ichabod A. Holden. IS21-22-23
Brad. J. Blake 1860-61-62-63-64-65
Ruel L. Blake. 1824-25-26
W. W. Wheeler. I866-67
David Gray 1868-69
John Thurston.
1870-71
J. B. Patterson.
1872-73-74-75
George Smith. 1836-37-46
Charles P. Pierce
.IS40
Leman Gibbs. 1841-42-43-44-45-52
Buell D. Woodruff
ISSI-82
Wmn. S. Gilbert. 1847-48
A. N. Stewart
1883-84
Austin Woodruff 1849
Charles L. Shepard. 1850
1851
Sammel Northrop.
1853
Joel Stone.
1855
Wm. B. Lemen
IS56
Lewis E. Smithi
1857-58-59
Assessed valuations and tax rates have been as follows.
Assessed Valuation
Tax Rate ou $1000
Assessed Valuation
Tax Rate on $1000
Assessed Valuation
Tax Rate 011 $1000
IS60
1,013,862
6.86
1875
1,873,548
6.51
1890
2,085,834
6.23
1861
1,030,297
7.10
1876
1,859,757
4.78
1891
2,164,650
5.41
I862
995,630
9.00
IS77
1,773,093
4.84
1892
2,020,597
7.28
1863
995.130
9.73
1878
1,720,928
4.43
1893
1,964,489
1864
1,015,307
24.70
IS79
1,906,023
6.01
1894
1,977,275
6.46
1865
963,611
41.20
ISSO
1,895,550
5.25
1895
1,911,570
7.01
1867
964,386
20.12
ISS2
1,992,343
I897
1,985,544
5.97
1868
993,319
16. 14
ISS 3
2,136,365
5.83
IS98
1,988,134
6.23
1869
1,015,464
9.25
1884
2,155,719
4.98
1899
1,994, 115
7.05
I870
1,096,233
12.74
IS85
2,229,234
4.61
1900
1,993,551
6.29
1871
1,088,294
II.54
1886
2,152,058
4.98
1901
2,011,915
5.51
1872
969,364
15.07
1887
2,122,260
5.35
1902
2,039,758
4.13
1873
958,688
11.69
ISSS
2,144,233
6.40
1903
2,041,823
€ + 51
1874
1,893,798
6.25
1889
2,123,591
6.15
The village of Livonia was incorporated June 28th, 1882. It has had but two presidents, Dr. Charles H. Richmond, who served from the beginning until 1903 and Alexander N. Stewart, who served in 1904. One clerk, Emory A. Smith, has served continuously from the beginning.
THE CONESUS LAKE RAILROAD.
In the month of May, 1870, L. C. Woodruff, of Buffalo Alonzo Bradner
4
924,580
19.10
1881
1,888,224
4.28
1896
1,963,763
6.23
Henry Dixon.
J. H. Adams IS92-93-94-95-96-97
W. S. Trimmer
.. 1898
Elfred A. Bronson 1899-00-01-02
E. B. Woodruff
1903
Robert Dixon. 1827-28-29-30-31-32-
33-34-54
Augustus Gibbs. 1835-38-39
S. G. Woodruff. 1876-78
Chas. H. Richmond. 1877-79-80
M. F. Linsley 1885-86
F. J. Coe 1887-88-89-90-91
t G.25
1866
773
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY
of Dansville, and George C. Northrop of Lakeville, went to New York on business pertaining to the Burns extension of the Erie and Genesee Valley railroad from Mr. Morris to Burns. After the Burns extension matter was talked over with Jay Gould and Jim Fisk, Mr. Northrop said to Jay Gould: "Why don't you build a branch of the Erie from Chapell's Crossing to Conesus lake ?" Mr. Gould replied: "I never have thought of such a thing. Mr. Bradner, what do you know about Conesus lake?" Mr. Bradner said: "I think it would be a good thing for the Erie." Mr. Gould then said: "I will look into the matter. We need a place on the Rochester division for excursions." Mr. Northrop came home with the matter much at heart, and never let an opportunity slip to interest his townsmen in the value and importance of the undertaking. In the fall of 1874 he made a preliminary survey at his own expense, including a map, profile and estimate. Mr.
Northrop then went to Rochester and circulated a petition, asking the Erie company to build the road from Trew's switch to Conesus lake. This switch had been put in at Chapell's Crossing the previous year and was named after A. R. Trew, at that time road master and engineer of the Rochester and Buffalo division of the Erie. This petition was signed by nearly 4,000 citizens and business men of Roch- ester. Mr. Northrop took the petition to New York and presented it to Mr. Jewett, then the Erie's president, who was most favorably impressed with the undertaking, but said as the Erie was about to pass into the hands of a receiver, he could do nothing then, but would do all he could as soon as the company came out of the hands of the receiver. Mr. Northrop came home to await events. His expenses, after making the survey, were paid by a series of social parties held in Lakeville and at Jerry Bolles's well-known summer re- sort. Nothing more was done 'till the spring of 1879, when the Erie officials in New York proposed, through Mr. Harris, to construct the road if the citizens of Lakeville would furnish the right of way. At a meeting held in the winter of 1872-3 to build a dock for Jerry Bolles's steamer, Jessie, the matter of a railroad was earnestly discussed, and the right of way was offered free by all the land owners except one, Mr. Chapell, who was not present. Subsequently these offers were withdrawn, and appraisers were selected, who assessed the dam- ages at about $2,000. Mr. Northrop and Jerry Bolles at once circulated a subscription, and the necessary amount was pledged, but
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