USA > New York > Livingston County > History of Livingston County, New York, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 92
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In 1836, A. Nowlen purchased of Richard Wadsworth one hundred aeres of land which em- braced the two springs most highly prized.
" The Lower Spring in its original state formed a large pool of perhaps fifty feet in diameter, and was the one first made use of. It rises from a fissure in the rock, thirty-six feet below the surface of the ground, about one hundred rods from the Genesee river and about thirty rods from Conesus creek. The volume of water discharged from this spring is the same at all seasons of the year, and does not appear to depend in the least upon atmospheric influence. As near as can be ascer- tained, the discharge per minute amounts to fifty- four gallons. The temperature of the water is from 45 to 47 degrees Fahr., and the specific gravity is 10.018. Its taste resembles that of a solution of hydro-sulphurie acid, but it is more bitter and saline ; it has the strong odor of this acid. As it issues from the fountain it is limpid, transparent and somewhat sparkling."
The following is an analysis of Lower Spring by the late Dr. Samuel Salisbury :-
1866.
W. E. Hall.
F. N. Isham.
1876.
435
AVON VILLAGE-THE SPRINGS.
In a wine gallon, gaseous contents.
Sulphuretted Hydrogen. 10.02 cubic inches.
Nitrogen. . 5.42
Carbonic Acid.
3.92
Oxygen .. .56
Solid contents.
Carbonate of Lime. 29.33 grains.
Chloride of Calcium 8.41
Sulphate of Lime.
. 57.42
Sulphate of Magnesia. 49.61
Sulphate of Soda. . 13.73
Total.
158.52 66
The Upper Spring has been in use since 1827. It has been proved by the cures which have been effected by its use to possess similar medicinal properties to the Lower Spring, and is by some even more highly prized. In sensible properties it bears a close resemblance to it, but there is a peculiar sweetness of taste which distinguishes it. The deposit around it is mostly of a dark blue color, while that around the Lower Spring is white. This spring rises about sixty rods east of the other, and is at an elevation considerably above it. The bed of sand through which this water oozes is about twenty feet, and the rock about thirty feet below the surface of the ground.
Analysis of the Upper Spring by Professor Had- ley :-
In a wine gallon, gaseous contents.
Sulphuretted Hydrogen .. 12. cubic inches.
Carbonic Acid .. 5.6
66
Solid contents.
Sulphate of Magnesia . 10. grains.
Sulphate of Lime. 8.4.
Sulphate of Soda. 16.
Carbonate of Lime 8.
46
Muriate of Soda. 18.4
Total 136.4 66
The Well or New Bath Spring was first discov- ered by its proprietor, R. K. Hickox, in 1835, while digging for pure water. The soil through which the excavation was made is hard blue clay, having a strong sulphurous odor. The tempera- ture of this water is 46 degrees Fahr. The follow- ing analysis is by Dr. L. C. Beck :-
In a wine gallon, gaseous contents.
Sulphuretted Hydrogen, . 31.28 cubic inches. Solid contents.
Sulphate of Magnesia 8.08 grains.
Sulphate of Lime. 3.52
66
Sulphate of Soda. . 38.72
Chloride of Sodium. 5.68
Carbonate of Lime. 26.96
Total
82.96
" Long's Spring, which has been in use since 1833, is the property of Paul Knowles. It rises from the surface of an alluvial deposit through the cen- tre of which passes what is termed Black creek, a small stream having its rise some miles to the south. It is about a mile southwesterly from the upper spring. The following analysis is by Dr. J. R. Chilton :"-
In a wine gallon, gaseous contents.
Sulphuretted Hydrogen. ... 43.584 cubic inches. Carbonic Acid .. 5.871
Solid contents.
Sulphate of Lime 109.05 grains.
Sulphate of Magnesia 13.10 6
Sulphate of Soda. 3.27
Chloride of Calcium
19.31
Chloride of Sodium.
57.89
Chloride of Magnesium
27.09
66
Iodide of Sodium ..
a trace
Hydrosulphuret of Sodium
2.45
66
Organic Matter
.81
Total 228.97
The following is taken from a pamphlet pub- lished by Dr. O. D. Phelps, proprietor of Congress Hall, a few years since :---
Congress and Magnesia Springs, though not so generally used as the others, have their especial merits, which entitle them to the consideration of invalids. Congress Spring is in close proximity to Congress Hall ; the water flows up in a fountain in front of Congress Bath House, in which it is used for bathing purposes in connection with the water of the Upper Spring. The spring is the most re- cently developed one. In taste the water of the spring is similar to the Upper Spring, but consid- erably stronger, consequently less can be drank of it. The water was analyzed by Prof. H. M. Baker with the following result :-
Solid contents in one gallon of 23 1 cubic inches.
Sulphate of Magnesia. 19.07 grains.
Sulphate of Lime 27.61
‹‹
Sulphate of Soda. 21.02 Chloride of Sodium 29. II
Carbonate of Lime. 9.25
Sulphurets of Magnesium, Sodium. 99.55
66 Calcium,
Total.
205.61
Gaseous contents in one gallon of 231 cubic
inches.
Free Sulphuretted Hydrogen. . 27.63 cubic inches. Free Carbonic Acid. 22.04
Nitrogen 3.88
Oxygen .97
Cubic inches per gallon . . 54.52
66
436
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY.
The Magnesia spring is located on the bank of Conesus Creek, about So rods west of the Lower Spring. It bubbles up through the sand, clear, cold, and sparkling. In taste, this water is far more pleasant and palatable than the other water. Of late years the water has attained a remarkable popularity, owing no doubt, in a great measure to the highly beneficent results obtained by its use in dyspepsia, a disease which has yielded to this water, after other springs and medicines have failed to produce any favorable effects. The chemical con- stituents of the water are supposed to be similar to those of the Lower Spring, with a greater propor- tion of the Sulphate of Magnesia.
In the " Mineral Springs of United States and Canada," the following article appears in regard to the Avon Springs :-
"Analysis of the Lower Springs. One pint con- tains-
Carbonate of Lime. 3.666 grains.
Chloride of Sodium. 1.157
Chloride of Calcium.
1.051
Sulphate of Soda.
1.716
66
Sulphate of Magnesia
6.201
Sulphate of Lime. 7.180
Iodide of Sodium trace.
20.97 I
Carbonic Acid Gas. .. 1.49 Sulphuretted Hydrogen. .. 2.25
"It will be seen by analysis that these are valuable sulphur waters, resembling in many respects the celebrated Spa of Neudorf, in Hesse, Germany. The flow is larger from the Lower Spring, being 54 gallons per minute. * *
* The location of these springs in one of the most beautiful loca- tions of Western New York, together with the efficacy of the waters, conspire to make this a most attractive resort."
The benefits to be derived by invalids from a proper use of the mineral waters of these springs, combined with the natural attractiveness of the village and the surrounding scenery have long conspired to make this a popular summer resort, yet this like all other watering places has seen its seasons of prosperity and depression.
HOTELS .- It was at this point that the old State road crossed the Genesee Flats, and as was often the case when the river overflowed its banks travel was almost en- tirely stopped until it resumed its natural courses. Captain Asa Nowlen, an early settler from Connecticut, had charge of the transfer of the mails across the flats at this point, and in compliance with the demand for better hotel
accommodations from the traveling public, erected on the southwest corner of Main and Genesee streets, the building which was afterwards with alterations, known as "Comstock's," and still later as the " United States" hotel. At this time this hotel was a most fashionable resort and was thronged the entire season. In the winter of 1873-4 the building was consumed by fire. Captain Nowlen disposed of his property interest by degrees to Orville Comstock, who owned it several years. It afterwards passed through several hands, and at the time of burning was owned by Simonds' Bros.
The Livingston House, Dr. William Nisbet, proprietor, was completed in its present shape in 1879, but was first thrown open to the public in 1878. It is only open through the summer months.
The Newman House was built as the St George Hotel by C. H. Armstead and was kept by him until December 25, 1875, when it was burned. It was rebuilt by Mr. Armstead, and finished in June, 1876, when it was leased to Smith Newman, under its present name. In 1880, Mr. Armstead assumed control.
The Sanitarium (Cyrus Allen, M. D., and James D. Carson, lessees and managers,) is conducted as a health resort for invalids, and is open the entire year. It has been under its present management since 1871. The property upon which the Sanita- rium is located was purchased by Charles E. Wha- ley in 1866 and the present large and commodious building erected. Mr. Whaley conducted it suc- cessfully until 1871 under the name of the "Avon Cure." The grounds comprise about twelve acres. The building is a four story frame structure of pleasing appearance capable of accommodating one hundred guests. There are two sulphur springs upon the grounds that supply the bath rooms of the institution.
Messrs. Allen & Carson arc also the proprietors of a private bank that was established in 1876 shortly after the failure of the Bank of Avon.
The Pattee House, Wm. E. Pattee, proprietor, was built in 1876 on the site of the hotel burned in Dec., 1875. The building that was destroyed was also called the Pattee House. It was built in 1873 and was similar in general style and charac- ter to the present building. Mr. Pattee settled in Lima, May 1, 1840, and moved to Avon in 1847.
Knickerbocker Hall, L. G. Smedley, M. D., proprietor, is a resort for the invalids who visit the springs and is open the entire year. Dr. Smedley purchased the property of Orange Sackett, in 1868. The hotel will accommodate eighty guests.
Photo by Merrell, Geneseo
6 & Whaley
Charles Edward Whaley is a son of Edward A Whaley, and grandson of John P. Whaley, who in 1805, with his family, consisting of his wife, eight children, and an aged mother, cmigrated from Massachusetts, and settled on a farm in the eastern part of the town of Avon. This farm has always been retained in the family name, and apple trees are still standing which he raised from the seed. John P. Whaley was a ship carpenter by trade, and many of the frames of old buildings now standing were shaped by his mallet and chisel. Of the eight children, four were sons, all of whom married and raised families. Robert settled in Castile, Wyoming county. John studied medicine and practiced that profession through life, while the younger brothers set- tled on farms in Avon, which they cleared, and both were identified with the war of 1812. Ed- ward A. was drafted but furnished a substitute. Caleb J. enlisted and served his time. receiving a wound from which he suffered for fifteen years, and which finally caused his death.
Of the ancestors of the Whaley family, Ed- ward Whaley * was born in Northampton- shire, England, in the year 1615. Arriving at maturity he was married to Elizabeth Middle- ton, and when the war broke out between King Charles and Parliament, he espoused the Parliamentary cause, and served under his cousin, Oliver Cromwell, until 1649.1
By Cromwell, he was advanced to the rank of Major-General, and was entrusted with the government of five countics. He was after- ward appointed Commissary-General for Scot- land, and was called into the upper house, where he sat as " Edward, Lord Whalley."
* In history this name is spelled Whalley.
t He was one of the fifty-nine who signed the warrant for the execu- tion of King Charles, and was present at the beheading of that unhappy monarch.
MRS. C. E. WHALEY,
After the death of Cromwell, Whaley was the main-stay of that dynasty until the Restora- tion was accomplished. When England was no longer a place of safety for those immedi- ately concerned in the execution of King Charles, Whaley, together with his son-in- law, Goffe, who had played an important part in the same cause, embarked in a swift sailing vessel to America, arriving in New England July 27. 1660. They remained in various places of concealment, and in 1664, removed to Hadley, Mass., where Mr. Russell, the min- ister of the place, had previously consented to receive them. *
Edward A., father to Chas. E. was born Jan. 17, 1786, in Berkshire county, Mass. April 30, 1809, he was married to Isabella, daughter of Gardner Scott of Conn. They had eight children, the youngest of whom, Chas. E., was born in Avon, Nov. 14. 1825. In July, 1867, he was married to Ella P., daugh- ter of Thomas St. John, of London, England. He has devoted his life to agricultural pur- suits. In 1866 he purchased the property in Avon, now owned by him, and erected the commodious building known as the * Sanita- rium." Upon this property he also developed and made available, two sulphur springs. The place is largely patronized by patients from all sections of the country. In politics Mr. Wha- ley is a Republican, and was drafted to serve in the war of the Rebellion, but furnished a substitute whom he trusts, rendered as effectual service as he himself could have done. In religious belief he is a Spiritualist.
* This minister had caused his house to be fitted up with secret pas- sages for their concealment, and here they remained for fifteen years in voluntary seclusion. About the year 1681 Whaley went to Maryland, where he purchased a tract of land containing twenty-two hundred acres, under the assinned name of Edward Middleton. After the Revolution in England in 1688 he had this land patented in his rightful name. He died in 1718 at the advanced age of one hundred and three years.
LOLLLL SANITARIUM
F. F. WHALEY, AVON, LIVINGSTON COUNTY, N. Y .-- VIEW OF " SANITARIUM."
437
AVON VILLAGE-MERCHANTS, MANUFACTURERS, PHYSICIANS
Congress Hall, O. D. Phelps, M. D., proprietor, is only open during the summer months. Dr. Phelps purchased the property in 1876 of Charles M. Titus of Ithaca, who had bought it the year before of Geo. H. Nowlen, Esq.
MERCHANTS .- The following are the present merchants of Åvon :- Dr. C. A. Briggs, druggist and dealer in books and stationery, bought out Dr. G. P. Morey in 1879, who had been in business three or four years; Dr. Wm. Nisbet, druggist, has been in business since about 1860 ; Mrs. E. M. Price, millinery and fancy goods, business es- tablished in 1856; O. C. Jones, jeweler, com- menced business in 1851, and still continues; Henry E. Van Zandt, general store, commenced business in 1874, having bought out the business of Andrew Dunakin, who had carried on the busi- ness for some twenty years previously, and until his death in 1873; Mrs. D. W. MeLaughlin, millinery and fancy goods, established in 1872 ; P. C. Gleason, groceries, flour and feed, has been in business since Jan. 1, 1878, business was estab- lished in 1870 as MeLaughlin & Gleason; F. Col- vin, groceries, established in 1873; W. P. Haskins, flour, feed and groceries; E. M. Price, furniture dealer, business was established in 1850; Mary Dockery, meat market, established in May, 1879; W. W. Barnhart, dry goods and groceries, business established in 1878; J. G. Calvert, fruits, confectionery and bakery, business established in 1872; C. T. Hedenberg, dealer in news, station- ery, cigars and confectionery, established in 1878 ; C. A. Bowman, dealer in hardware, successor in 1878 to C. M. Church, who had previously done business a few months ; H. H. Hilborn, harness maker, established in 1880, bought out C. H. Armstead; Wallace & Clark, (J. C. Wallace and E. H. Clark,) dealers in hardware, Oct. 1, 1880, bought the business of E. D. Rowley, who had previously continued the business for several years ; Reed Bros., (E. B. and W. J.,) general merchan- dise, established in 1877; James Hill, meat mar- ket, established in 1874; G. D. Dooer, meat mar- ket, established in 1867; J. E. Hall, flour and feed store, established in 1873; Joseph Brown, boot and shoe store, established in January, 1879; John Loftus, tailor, came in April, 1880; F. E. Welch, baker and confectioner, established in 1876; F. G. Bixby, jeweler, established in April, 1880; C. F. Whiting & Co., (C. J. Whiting,) boot and shoe store, established in 1879 ; C. S. Gilbert, general store, established in 1874; J. C. Peuss, merchant tailor and clothing, established in 1879,
and Michael Dowdall, harness maker, established in 1872.
MANUFACTURERS .- The manufacturing interests of Avon are not extensive, the only water power available being that obtained from the Conesus. The following are all that are at present located in or adjacent to the village ; E. L. Armstrong & Co. operate a planing mill in which they employ four men ; established in 1877. Long & Watkins are contractors and builders and have been in busi- ness here since 1876. R. G. Waldo, carriage manufacturer and blacksmith, succeeded his father, Reuben Waldo, in business in 1861. His father came from New Hampshire in 1815, and that year commenced blacksmithing here. He died in 1861. The Avon mills are located on the Conesus outlet. about one and one-fourth miles fromn Avon. W. P. Haskins is the present proprietor. He purchased them in 1869 of Arch. Christie, who had previously operated them some eight or ten years. The mills contain three runs of stones and are run by water power derived from the Conesus, which has here a fall of twenty feet. The saw and cider mill situated on the same stream just above the railroad bridge has been owned by Mr. Haskins since 1871. It was previously owned by the Wadsworths, of Gen- eseo. The malt house and elevator at Avon, is owned by Stephen Hosmer & Co. (John Klett.) The building was erected in the fall of 1880. Its malting capacity is 50,000 bushels per season and the capacity of the elevator is 25,000 bushels. The malt-house near the depot is owned by Andrew Y. Marsh of Buffalo ; capacity about 30,000 bushels. The Avon Brick and Tile manufactory was estab- lished in 1862 as a joint stock company with Fran- cis Lyth as manager. It is at present owned by John Lyth. The machine used in manufacturing is operated by horse power and was invented by Francis Lyth.
PHYSICIANS .- The first physician here was Col. Timothy Hosmer, elsewhere spoken of.
Dr. Samuel Salisbury was undoubtedly one of the best of the early practitioners here. He pos- sessed a fine literary taste and was a deep scholar. He was the author of a work upon the Springs of Avon and their medical properties, a work which is quoted extensively. His brilliant career was cut short by his untimely death. He was born in Boston in 1806, and was educated at Harvard College, Cambridge, whence he was graduated, and afterwards was graduated in medicine at Boston. After remaining there some little time, he came to Rochester in 1832, and in the summer of that
438
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY.
year went to Avon, where he became interested in the curative qualities of the water of that place to such an extent that he took some of the water to Roxbury, for analysis.' Ile returned to Avon in 1833, and September 12th of that year, was united in marriage with Marie A .. daughter of Major Ab- ner Morgan, of Avon.
It was during the winter of 1833-34 that Dr. Salisbury wrote his work on the springs to which reference is made in another portion of this work. Hle died in Avon, April 19, 1850, much regretted by all. He was fitted for college at the age of thirteen, and entered as soon thereafter as his age made it admissible. He was thoroughly con- versant with the French, Spanish and German languages.
In 1849 among the physicians in the town were Drs. Ensworth, John Whitbeck, Wm. Butler and Hutchinson, at East Avon ; Drs. Van Kleek, who died in the army while in New Orleans, and South- worth, at the springs ; and Dr. Parsons at Little- ville.
Dr. Andrew Sill, an early physician of this town, was born in the village of Geneseo, December 1st, 1804. His father, Dr. Jonathan P. Sill, was the pioneer physician of this section, locating first at Williamsburg in 1797, and subsequently removing to Geneseo village, where he died in September, 1806.
Dr. Andrew Sill received an academic education at Cambridge Academy, Washington county, N. Y. After studying medicine with Dr. Townsend, of Caledonia, he attended courses of lectures at both Fairfield and Pittsfield Medical Colleges, graduat- ing from the latter institution in 1825. He first opened an office in the village of West Avon, where he remained until 1829, when he located at Livonia Centre, where he remained for fifty years. He died October 1st, 1879.
Charles Bingham was born in Bozrah, Conn., and studied medicine in that State. He was licensed by the State Medical Society of Connecti- cut in 1808, and in that year moved to Avon, where he practiced his profession until 1820. In that year he removed to Mt. Morris, where he pur- sued an extensive and successful practice until fail- ing health compelled him to abandon it. He died at Mt. Morris, December 3, 1842, aged 58. Messrs. Lucius C. and Charles L. Bingham, two of Mt. Morris' most prominent business men and influ- ential and respected citizens, are sons of Dr. Bingham, and are all that are left of the family.
The present physicians arc Drs. William Nisbet,
C. A. Briggs, Cyrus Allen, John W. Gray, and J. C. Hulbert.
William Nisbet, M. D., settled here in 1849, and is a native of Scotland. He studied three years in Edinburgh, and was graduated from Würtzberg University, Bavaria. He came to America in 1849.
C. A. Briggs, M. D., was born in Williamstown, Orange county, Vermont, and received his educa- tion at the Montpelier Conference Seminary. He entered Ann Arbor Medical College in 1874, and completed his medical studies at Long Island Col- lege Hospital, where he was graduated in 1876, since which date he has been in practice in Avon.
Cyrus Allen, M. D., was born in Ontario coun- ty, N. Y., and received his college education at the University of Michigan, located at Ann Arbor. He was graduated from the Homeopathic College of the State of New York, New York city, in 1864, and from the Berkshire Medical College of Massa- chusetts in November, 1864. He commenced practice in Palmyra, Wayne county, from thence to Clifton, and removed to Avon in May, 1871, taking charge of the Sanitarium.
John W. Gray, M. D., was born in 1833. He read medicine with James R. Wood, M. D., of New York city, and afterwards with A. C. Camp- bell of this county. He attended lectures and was graduated from the University of New York. He came to Avon in 1856.
Joel C. Hulbert, M. D., was born in Fort Ann, Washington county, N. V., Nov. 12, 1815. He studied medicine at the Pennsylvania University, where he was graduated in 1866. He settled in Livonia in 1849, and in Avon in 1877.
LAWVERS .- George Hosmer was one of the earliest if not the first practicing lawyer in the village. He came here with his father, Dr. Timothy Hosmer, when twelve years of age, having been born in Farmington, Conn. His early studies were pursued under the tu- ition of Rev. Ebenezer Johnson, of Lima. In 1799 he entered upon the study of his chosen pro- fession, the law, in the office of Hon. Nathaniel W. Howell. He was admitted to the bar in 1802, and opened an office in Avon. In the war of 1812 he was appointed aide-de-camp upon the staff of General Amos Hall, and served upon the Niagara frontier. His associate upon the General's staff and intimate friend was William Howe Cuyler, who was killed at Black Rock by a ball from the British guns at Fort Erie. His son Wm. H. C. Hosmer, was named from him.
George Hosmer was a large holder of real estate
439
AVON VILLAGE-LAWYERS.
and a lawyer of prominence. He was appointed District Attorney upon the organization of the county, which office he continued to hold till 1824. He was elected a Member of Assembly in 1824. He died in Chicago in March, 1861, in the eight- ieth year of his age.
William Henry Cuyler Hosmer was born in Avon, May 25, 1814. His earlier education was obtained at Temple Hill Academy, Geneseo, and at the Academy in Geneva, N. Y. He was gradu- ated from the University of Vermont in 1841. After his graduation he followed in the footsteps of his father, and, step by step, climbed the ladder to fame in the legal profession, where he stood for many years without a peer. To his genius and ability the science of law is much indebted, many decisions being rendered in accordance with his eloquent pleadings at the bar.
He practiced law till 1854, when he received a government position in the Custom House at New York.
At the breaking out of the Rebellion he entered the army. His son also enlisted and was killed at the battle of Chancellorsville.
After his return from the war he devoted the re- mainder of his life to literature and lecturing, and, notwithstanding his success at the bar, his fame rests chiefly on his literary work.
Such was the reputation which he had acquired by his juvenile poems that he received the honor- ary degree of A. M., both from Hamilton College and the University of Vermont before he obtained it from his own.
He was a poet born, not made. His principal works are " Yonnondio,"* "The Fall of Tecum- seh : a Drama," "Warriors of the Genesee." " Indian Traditions and Songs," "The Months." " Bird Notes," and "Legends of the Senecas."
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