History of Oneida County, New York, 1667-1878, Part 175

Author:
Publication date: 1878
Publisher: Philadelphia, Everts & Fariss
Number of Pages: 932


USA > New York > Oneida County > History of Oneida County, New York, 1667-1878 > Part 175


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" On the 15th day of August a special meeting of the board of super- visors was held in the court-house in Rome, at which measures were taken to raise $162,700 on the credit of the county, for the purpose of paying a bounty of $50 to each volunteer. The measure was passed and the sum appropriated, Lorenzo Rouse, of Marshall, presiding."


The State also paid a bounty of $50, and the national government advanced $25 of the $100 due the inen at the end of their service, and $13 (one month's pay), besides $2 to caeh man as a recruiting fund, making a total of $140 paid to each volunteer before leaving the eounty. This had the effect of rapidly inereasing the membership of the or- ganization.


Early in August the regiment was ordered by the Gov- ernor to rendezvous at the village of Rome, and accordingly headquarters were transferred thither from Utica, and a camp was established at onee on a dry and elevated piece of ground on the western border of the village, about three- fourths of a mile from its centre, between Dominiek and Liberty Streets. The camp-ground was owned by Enoch B. Armstrong, and comprised about twenty acres, sur- rounded by a substantial board fenee. The only buildings on the ground were those then erected for the accommoda- tion of the regiment, consisting of quarters, kitchens, and mness-houses, and the quartermaster's department. On the western and higher portion of the ground were tents occu- pied by the surgeon and adjutant. The camp received the name of " Camp Huntington," in honor of the prominent family of that name, whose history was intimately connected with that of the village. Space does not permit a descrip- tion of the various scenes and episodes of camp life, but those who took part will reeall them vividly to mind with- out unnecessary mention of them here ; and the citizens of the beautiful village-now a flourishing city-will recollect the encampment, the fine body of men therein quartered, and many pleasant associations of the time.


The companies were filled to the maximum, and mustered into service in regular order as follows : Co. A, Captain A. White; Co. B, Captain Rufus Daggett ; Co. C, Captain F. X. Myer; Co. D, Captain J. M. Waleott; Co. E, Captain


L. K. Brown ; Co. F, Captain S. J. Steves ; Co. G, Captain Charles H. Roys ; Co. H, Captain A. R. Stevens; Co. I, Captain Charles Wheelock ; Co. K, Captain James A. Raee. After their muster as captains, Captain Alvin White was promoted to licutenant-colonel, and Captain Rufus Daggett to major, their positions being filled by First Lieutenants Brigham and J. P. Stone, who were promoted.


By the 20th of August nearly 1100 men were on hand available for the field, and so numerous were recruits that the tide could only be checked by refusing to accept more. On this date Lieutenant M. C. Caustin, 19th United States Infantry, mustering officer, arrived at Rome and mustered into serviee the entire regiment, every company having at- tained the maximum number. The organization as eom- pleted was named and numbered the " 117th New York Volunteers." On the day of muster the men received their bounties, Lieutenant Caustin paying the government bounty of $25 per man, and the State paymaster paying the State bounty.


The mnen comprising the regiment were principally resi- dents of Oneida County, so that it was really a county organization. The companies were recruited mostly in the following towns, viz. : Co. A, Utica and Vernon ; Co. B, Utica and Camden ; Co. C, Utiea and Westmoreland ; Co. D, Utiea, Whitestown, and Sangerfield ; Co. E, Rome and Annsville; Co. F, Oriskany village and northward of it; Co. G, Paris and Kirkland; Co. H, Utiea ; Co. I, Boon- ville, Remsen, and Trenton ; Co. K, Sangerfield and North. Every town in the county- was more or less represented. Co. HI had the highest percentage of married men, while Co. G was made up mostly of young, unmarried men; and the latter company, it is stated, always furnished a large share of the mail matter.


The organization being completed, the regiment broke eamp on the morning of Aug. 22, 1862, and shortly after ten o'clock marched down to the depot, eseorted by the " Gansevoort Light Guard," commanded by Captain Rowe. A few minutes after reaching the depot, when the last good-byes were said and the last hand-shakings over, the long train of twenty-two passenger coaches and four freight cars sped on its way with its living freight of patriotic men. At Oriskany, Whitesboro', and Utica crowds were gathered to witness the departure of the regiment ; at Utiea especially the reception was very demonstrative. The old Utica Band had taken a position on the roof of the depot, and discoursed stirring musie as the train rolled in and stopped. An address was delivered by Hon. W. J. Bacon, and responded to by Colonel Pease and Lieutenant-Colonel White, followed by Colonel James McQuade, of the 14th New York Volunteers. At 1.40 p.M. the train moved away, carrying the regiment out of the county in which it was raised, and bearing its members swiftly on towards the field of war. Proceeding by train to Albany, thenee by boat down the Hudson to Jersey City, and by rail to Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, the regiment reached the latter place early on the morning of the 25th, and found shelter and " plain lodgings" on the floor of some extensive barracks near the depot. Aug. 26, the 117th went into camp at Tennally- town, west of Georgetown, and on the 30th was removed farther west, to Fort Alexander. At the latter place it re-


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HISTORY OF ONEIDA COUNTY, NEW YORK. .


mained, doing guard and fatigue duty, till nearly the middle of November.


On the 12th of November the regiment was relieved by the 18th Maine, and moved to an eminence about midway betw cen Fort Pennsylvania and its late encampment, where it remained a week in the mud, and then moved up near to Fort Pennsylvania. While in this camp a fine silk ban- ner arrived, a present to the regiment from the ladies of Utica. The first death in the regiment after leaving home took place Sept. 12, 1862.


December 24, the regiment was divided into two battalions, of five companies each, which were assigned to special duty some ten miles apart. No hard work fell to the lot of the regiment during the winter, and on the morning of March 15, 1863, the two battalions were united at Washington, and, embarking on a couple of river boats, were transported down the river to Norfolk, arriving Mareh 17, where they were transferred to cars and taken to Suffolk, near which Longstreet was then making a decided demonstration in the direction of Norfolk. Now the regiment was literally " at the front," the event they had long been wishing for, yet the ominous thundering of Longstreet's guns sounded much less enchanting to their cars than they had expected, and an appreciation of their position was apparent in the sober glances of the men. The 117th was placed on the extreme right of the line of defense, and subsequently eneamped on what was known as Cahoon's Point, where it remained for nearly a month, doing picket duty and fortifying the Point. May 15, the eamp was removed to the south bank of Julian's Creek, about four miles south of Portsmouth, where the boys remained for some time. On the 22d of June camp was broken, and the regiment started on its mnemorable Penin- sula raid, to aid in checking the advanee of Lee, who had begun another northward movement.


The men were marehed to Portsmouth, where they em- barked and steamed up to White House, and from there made a rapid march towards Hanover Court-House, making a demonstration against Lee's communications with Rich- mond. They lay at this place until the morning of the 5th of July, and then began a foreed march to Fortress Monroe, suffering greatly from heat and fatigue on the way, and losing a few men prisoners to the rebel eavalry. July 29, the regiment was removed to Portsmouth, where they embarked on board a transport and steamed out upon salt water, their destination being Charleston Harbor, S. C., where they arrived on the afternoon of August 2, and the following day landed on Folly Island, where they remained till August 22, when their location was changed to Block Island. At their camp on the latter island the men re- mained about a month, and then returned to Folly Island. During the winter but little happened out of an easy rou- tine of camp-life. The 117th participated, on the 7th of February, 1864, in a demonstration against Charleston via John's Island, and returned on the 10th. Colonel Pease had obtained leave of absence, on account of sickness, while the regiment was at Portsmouth, and during the stay on Folly Island a letter was received from him announcing his resignation on account of ill-health. Lieutenant-Colonel White was promoted to colonel, Major Daggett to lieutenant- eolonel, and Captain F. X. Meyer to major.


April 15, 1864, subsequent to General Grant's appoint- ment as commander-in-chief, an order was received by the Folly Island forces to be ready to move at short notice, and on the 18th the camp was broken up. On the evening of the 19th the regiment embarked on the steamer " Nep- tune," and on the 20th, at Hilton Head, took passage on the propeller transport " Blackstone," and arrived at Gloucester Point on the 24th. Remained there about a week, during which time it was reinforced by an instalhnent of recruits. Moved up the York River to West Point May 1. Left for Fortress Monroe May 5, 1864, and from there proceeded up James River, arriving off City Point the next day, and landing at Bermuda Hundred. Considerable skirmishing and some sharp fighting occurred during the successive days thereafter, all in an advance towards Peters- burg. On the 16th, in the battle at Drury's Bluff, the 117th suffered heavily, losing 89 men, among them Lieu- tenant Castleman and Captain Brigham, who were mortally wounded and subsequently died. Splendid service was rendered in this engagement by the 117th and her four sister regiments, the 89th, 142d, and 3d New York and 40th Massachusetts, composing the First Brigade, Seeond Division of the Tenth Corps.


In rapid succession followed the battles of Cold Harbor, capture of Petersburg Heights, Bermuda Hundred, and Petersburg Trenches, in all of which the 117th suffered greatly, principally from the firing of the enemy's sharp- shooters and the explosion of shells. In June the brigade was re-formed. The history of the regiment from this time forward is one of continued interest ; exciting events trans- pired almost daily, and the casualties were very great. It participated in the second siege of Petersburg and at Chapin's Farın (Sept. 29, 1864) ; the desperate fight of the 27th of October; in the two expeditions to Fort Fisher, near Wil- mington, N. C., on the second of which the fort was cap- tured, the 117th being the first regiment to plant its colors on the rebel works ; the eapture of Wilmington ; and the subsequent march in the rear of Sherman's army (whose trail it struek at Bentonville) baek to the " saered soil" of Virginia.


On the 8th of June, 1865, at Raleigh, N. C., the regi- ment was mustered out of the government serviee, and on the morning of the 9th began its mareh homeward. It reached City Point, Va., June 14; proceeded to Fortress Monroe, and from there to New York City, where it arrived June 17; reached Albany the 18th, and took the cars for Syracuse ; stopped a short time at Utica, where a grand banquet was served by the citizens, and an address of' wel- come delivered by Hon. Roscoe Conkling, to which reply was made by Colonel Daggett (brevet brigadier-general). From Utica the command proceeded to Syracuse, where it remained in camp about ten days, and received its final muster-out June 28, 1865.


The casualties of the regiment in some of its prominent battles were as follows : Drury's Bluff, May, 1864, 81 (given also 89) ; taking of Petersburg Heights, June 15, 1864, 24; siege of Petersburg, 132; Chapin's Farm, Sept. 29, 1864, 130; Darbytown Road, Oct. 27, 1864, 52; Fort Fisher, Jan. 15, 1865, 95. Of the entire number of men lost 85 were killed in action, 154 died of sickness or wounds,


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HISTORY OF ONEIDA COUNTY, NEW YORK.


198 were discharged for disability, 21 were missing in action, and 25 were transferred to the Veteran Reserve Corps, making a total of 483. The 117th left with 1020 men, and returned with 315. At intervals during 1863-65 it re- eeived an aggregate of about 500 recruits. Of these about 250 were transferred to the 48th New York Volunteers.


The 117th was spoken of by Colonel Pease as being " the finest body of men he ever saw." As a fighting regiment its qualities were well tested, and they never failed to come up to the standard. The statisties of its losses speak vol- umes in its favor, and the forms lying so lowly on many a Southern field testify truthfully of its patriotism, while a grateful country awards to it cheerfully the honor it so bravely won. Many of its members to-day are among the foremost of Oneida's civilians, and peace has spread around them her manifold blessings, yet doth the eye glance bright and the form become martially ereet at thoughts of the stirring " seenes of other days," now living but as dread memories of the past.


THE ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-SIXTII NEW YORK VOL- UNTEER INFANTRY, OR "FIFTH ONEIDA."*


The 146th Regiment was organized at Rome, under the direction of the Senatorial Committee of the Nineteenth District. It was mustered into service at that place on the 10th day of October, 1862. Originally it was known as the " 5th Oneida ;" afterwards as the " Halleck Infantry," so named in honor of Major-General Henry Wager Hal- leck, whose birthplace Oneida County has the honor of elaiming. The familiar title of " Garrard Tigers," by which the officers and men were wont to speak of themselves, was a compliment to the stern discipline and soldierly enthu- siasın of Colonel Kenner Garrard, a graduate of West Point, who had aeeepted the command of the 146th at the sugges- tion of General Halleck. Colonel Garrard had been nearly fifteen years in the United States service, and had been recently exchanged as a prisoner of war, -- made such by the disgraecful surrender of General Twiggs in Texas.


On the 11th of October the regiment left for the seat of war, and went into eamp at Arlington Heights, Va. Dur- ing the month that the regiment remained there it was subjected to the most severe drill. Leaving " Camp Sew- ard" the 9th of November, it joined the Army of the Po- tomae, at Warrenton, the day after Mcclellan was relieved of command. The regiment was assigned to the 3d Brigade of General Sykes' Division of the 5th Corps, then under the command of General Meade. In the latter part of November it went into eanıp near Falmouth, Va., and remained there until December 11, when it broke camp and was engaged with the army at the battle of Fredericksburg. It was on the 15th that the 146th re-erossed the river to its old eamp. It was the last regiment over at the lower bridge. It was at the battle of Chancellorsville, under Hooker, and in the first day's fight suffered heavily, but the men acquitted themselves with honor. May 21, 1863, the regiment was sent to guard Richards' Ford, on the Rappa- hannoek River. On the 10th of June the start was made for Gettysburg. During the battle the 146th was in the


brigade commanded by Brigadier-General Stephen Weed, and in a charge supported the flying columns of the 3d Corps, which had met with a temporary reverse. Here also it was that the 146th, with the 140th New York and 91st and 155th Pennsylvania Regiments, at a severe loss of officers and men, charged up and obtained possession of the " Little Round Top," the key to the position, and held it during the entire engagement. Among the killed were Brigadier- General Stephen Weed, who commanded the brigade, Colonel Patriek O'Rourke, of the 140th, and Captain Haz- lett, commanding the famous " Battery D," 5th United States Artillery, which the 146th supported. In conse- quence of the death of General Weed and Colonel O'Rourke the command devolved upon Colonel Garrard, and for his gallant conduct on that oeeasion he was commissioned brig- adier-general.


The 146th shared the fortunes of the Army of the Poto- mae until the spring of 1864, when General Grant assumed command of the army, and the First and Fifth Corps were consolidated. The 146th was then in the Fifth Corps, First Brigade, First Division, General Ayres commanding. April 29 the army broke camp, and on May 4, eame within one mile of the Wilderness battle-field. On the succeeding day the 146th went into the fray and suffered almost total annihilation ; numbering at the commencement some 600 muskets, they lost nearly 400 in killed, wounded, and pris- oners. Colonel David I. Jenkins, of Vernon, then eom- manding the regiment,-than whom a braver or more meritorious officer never lived,-was killed. He was ae- eounted one of the best engineers in the Army of the Poto- mae, not a West Point graduate. On that day also fell that gifted, courageous young officer, Licutenant-Colonel Henry Hastings Curran. The command of the regiment devolved upon Colonel James G. Grindlay, who led it until the elose of the war. From this time until the end the 146th bore a eonspieuous part in all the operations of the Army of the Potomae. At the battle of Spottsylvania, a portion of the regiment, under the command of Captain Joseph S. Lowery, performed a very gallant deed; advancing in a handsome manner as skirmishers clear up to the rebel fortifications, and ascertaining their position and force, for which daring feat Captain Lowery was brevetted and highly eompli- mented in general orders. He was afterwards severely wounded while leading his men at the battle of Cold Har. bor. At the battle of Five Forks the 146th captured the works in front of it, seeuring three times its own number in prisoners and three battle flags; the brigadet to which it belonged eapturing in all seven battle-flags. Medals of honor were awarded by the War Department to the brave men who secured the trophies.


In 1863 the 146th adopted the Zouave uniform, which rendered it as beautiful on parade as it was gallant in action. It numbered in all from first to last 1568 men, receiving additions from the old 5th New York Duryea Zouaves, the 17th New York D'Espeneuil Zouaves, and the 44th New York " Ellsworth Avengers," receiving at each time a body of splendid soldiers. The regiment was thriee


# By Col. (Brevet Brig .- Gen.) James G. Grindlay.


+ The brigade in this engagement was commanded by Colonel Grindlay, who, for his gallant action on that day, was brevetted brigadier-general.


6-47


HISTORY OF ONEIDA COUNTY, NEW YORK.


complimented in general orders for distinguished gallantry : first, at Laurel Hill, Va., when two lines of battle in front broke, it stood firm and repelled the attack, losing severely ; second, at Cold Harbor, when Mahone's Division burst on their lines, the brigade to which the 146th belonged checked their earcer, thus saving the position,-the 146th in this eneounter lost 2 offieers and 69 enlisted men; third, at Hatcher's Run, where it held its ground at great odds until its ammunition was entirely gone, when it was with- drawn a short distance, its cartridge-boxes replenished, and the line again advaneed.


The following is the list of battles in which the 146th Regiment participated, and which, by order of the War Department, were allowed to be inscribed upon its banners :


Fredericksburg, Chaneellorsville, Gettysburg, Rappahan- nock Station, Bristow Station, Mine Run, Williamsport, Wapping Heights, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Laurel Hill, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Bethesda Church, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, Chappel House, Hatcher's Run, Hicks' Ford, White-Oak Road, Five Forks, Appomattox Court- House (Lee's Surrender),-total, twenty-two.


The 146th Regiment lost two field-offieers and five line- officers killed in battle, two by disease, five by resignation on account of wounds, and one by transfer; 16 of its offi- cers and 525 of its enlisted men were wounded in battle ; 162 of its enlisted men were killed in battle; 105 died of disease; 550 were discharged for wounds and disability ; 324 were transferred ; and 427 mustered out of service at the close of the war (July 16, 1865).


Everybody in Oneida County recognized the 146th as " the fighting regiment." Its record speaks for itself more fitly than any words of eulogy which ean be pronouneed. Yet it is deserving of them, and all praise is awarded to every one of its members who braved so great perils for the preservation of a common country.


The following compliments from its former brigade com- manders were well deserved :


'. HEADQUARTERS THIRD DIVISION PROVISIONAL CORPS,


" July 15, 1865.


" COLONEL JAMES GRINDLAY, OFFICERS AND MEN OF THE 146TH NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS :


" As our official relations aro about to terminate I take the occasion to express to you my deep regret therefor, though rejoicing in its canse.


" During the two years that your regiment has served in my com- mand, and the many battles it has participated in, I have ever felt entire confidence in its discipline and gallantry. I have never called upou it save to see the duty assigned nobly performed.


" I believe there is not a more distinguished regiment than yours. " Gallantly have you borne those torn and tattered banners. Defi- antly have you shaken them in the very jaws of death, and triumi- phantly waved them on fields of vietory.


" Well assured that in your reception on returning homo will be evinced tho deep gratitude of an admiring people, and with my best wishes for your welfare and happiness, I remain sincerely your fricud,


" R. B. AYRES,


(Signed) " Brevet Major-General Commanding."


"HEADQUARTERS THIRD BRIGADE, THIRD DIVISION PROVISIONAL CORPS,


" July 15, 1865.


" COLONEL JAMES GRINDLAY, COMMANDING 146TH NEW YORK VOL- UNTEERS :


" COLONEL,-In taking leave of you I desire to express to you, and through you to your officers and men, my high appreciation of your gallant regiment, and of its services in the late war.


" Taking the field at an early day, it has participated in tho severest campaigns, and has won its reputation where soldiers are best tried, ' upon the battle-field.'


" Associated with many other good regiments, and for a long time with the infantry regiments of the regular army, the 146th yields the palm to none. By the intelligence and ability of its officers, by the discipline, soldierly character and conduct of its mon, it has added lustre to the proud name of Volunteer.


" After your long and arduous service, having accomplished your work, you return now to enjoy the greetings of your friends and families and the laurels you have so nobly won. Let me assure you you bear with you the best wishes of your friend and commander,


(Signed) " JAS. HAYES, " Brigadier-General Commanding."


ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-FOURTH INFANTRY.


This regiment was organized in New York City to serve three years. It was mustered in Nov. 19, 1862. Part of the men comprising Company H were from Oneida County, and the remainder of the regiment was composed of men from the counties of New York, Kings, Erie, Niagara, and St. Lawrence. July 15, 1865, the regiment was mustered out in accordance with orders from the War Department. Its engagements were Suffolk, Black water, Spottsylvania, Tolopotomy, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Strawberry Plains, Deep Bottom, Ream's Station, Boydton Road.


ONE HUNDRED AND EIGIITY-NINTII INFANTRY.


The 189th Regiment was organized at Elmira, N. Y., for one year. The companies composing it were raised in the counties of Alleghany, Steuben, Madison, Oncida, and Oswego. Company K was partly from Oneida. The regi- ment was mustered into serviee in August and September, 1864, and mustered out June 1, 1865, in accordance with orders from the War Department.


ONE HUNDRED AND NINETY-SECOND INFANTRY.


Companies A, B, C, D, E, and F of this regiment were in part from Oneida County, and the balance of the regi- ment was raised in the counties of Albany, Rensselaer, Clinton, Schenectady, and Ulster. It was organized at Albany for one, two, and three years, and mustered in from Jan. 9 to March 10, 1865. In accordance with orders from the War Department, it was mustered out of service Aug. 28, 1865.


ONE HUNDRED AND NINETY-TIIIRD INFANTRY.


This regiment was organized at Auburn, N. Y., for one, two, and three years. The companies composing it were raised in the counties of Cayuga, Oswego, Onondaga, Oneida, Jefferson, St. Lawrence, and Franklin. It was mustered in from April 6 to July 2, 1865, and mustered out, in aeeordanee with orders from the War Department, Jan. 18, 1866.


SECOND (" BLACK HORSE") CAVALRY.


Company HI of this regiment was principally from the county of Oneida, and the balance was raised in the State at large. The regiment was organized at Troy, N. Y., to serve three years ; was mustered in from Oct. S to Nov. 6, 1861, and mustered out March 31, 1862, in accordance with orders from the War Department.




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