History of Tioga, Chemung, Tompkins and Schuyler counties, New York, Part 11

Author: Peirce, H. B. (Henry B.) cn; Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton)
Publication date: 1879
Publisher: Philadelphia : Everts & Ensign
Number of Pages: 1112

USA > New York > Chemung County > History of Tioga, Chemung, Tompkins and Schuyler counties, New York > Part 11
USA > New York > Schuyler County > History of Tioga, Chemung, Tompkins and Schuyler counties, New York > Part 11
USA > New York > Tioga County > History of Tioga, Chemung, Tompkins and Schuyler counties, New York > Part 11
USA > New York > Tompkins County > History of Tioga, Chemung, Tompkins and Schuyler counties, New York > Part 11

Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).

General A. S. Diven was at that time member of Con- gress from the 27th District. Near midnight, on one sultry summer night in July, he was called upon at his residence in Washington by General Van Valkenburg, of Steuben, and Mr. Pomeroy, of Auburn, both members of Congress from New York, with the message that Secretary Seward wished to see him immediately. He immediately answered the summons, and the secretary, addressing him abruptly, said, " Will you go home and raise a regiment in your distriet ? Pomeroy is going, Van Valkenburg is going, and you must go. I mean to invite every member of Congress to do so, and thus raise regiments by distriets." General Diven was prompt to answer " yes," and on the following morning left Washington for Elmira. Although at first meeting with mueh diseouragement, able men soon rallied to his support. It is said of Rev. Thomas K. Beecher that he laid aside his elerieal duties, and with General Diven traversed Sehuy- ler, Chemung, Steuben, and Alleghany Counties, holding two meetings every day.

Recruiting was rapid. The first company was mustered into the United States service in July, and on the evening of August 13 the 107th Regiment New York State Vol- unteers left Elmira en route to Washington.

The regiment was inustered into the service from July 31 to August 31, 1862.

The following were the field and staff and line officers : Colonel, Robert B. Van Valkenburg; Lieutenant-Colonel, Alexander S. Diven ; Major, Gabriel L. Smith ; Adjutant, Hull Fanton ; Quartermaster, E. P. Graves ; Quartermas- ter-Sergeant, L. B. Chidsay; Chaplain, Ezra F. Crane ; Surgeon, Patrick II. Flood ; Assistant Surgeon, James D.

Hewitt ; Sergeant-Major, John R. Lindsay ; Commissary- Sergeant, Henry Inseho; Hospital Steward, John M. Flood.

Company A .- Captain, Ezra F. Crane ; First Lieuten- ant, Melville C. Wilkinson ; Second Lieutenant, John M. Lasie.

Company B .- Captain, Lathrop Baldwin ; First Lieu- tenant, Martin V. B. Bachmau ; Second Lieutenant, George Swain.

Company C .- Captain, William F. Fox; First Lieu- tenant,* -; Second Lieutenant, Irving Bronson.

Company D .- Captain, Heetor M. Stoeum; First Lieu- tenant, Samuel A. Benediet ; Second Lieutenant, Odell D. Reynolds.

Company E .-- Captain, William L. Morgan ; First Lieu- tenant, William L. Morgan, Jr. ; Second Lieutenant, Har- low Atwood.

Company F .- Captain, James H. Miles ; First Lieuten- ant, J. Milton Roe ; Second Lieutenant, John F. Knox.

Company G .- Captain, John J. Lamon ; First Lieu- tenant, G. II. Brigham ; Second Lieutenant, Ezra Gleason.

Company II .- Captain, Erastus C. Clark ; First Lieu- tenant, Henry D. Donnelly ; Second Lieutenant, Lewis O. Sayler.

Company I .- Captain, Newton T. Colby ; First Lieu- tenant, Benjamin C. Wilson ; Second Lieutenant, Nathaniel E. Rutter.

Company K .- Captain, Allen N. Sill ; First Lieutenant, John M. Goodrich ; Second Lieutenant, Alonzo B. How- ard.

On the 15th the regiment arrived at Washington, and after a review by President Lineoln went into eamp on Ar- lington Heights, where, August 19, they were first in bat- talion drill. August 22 marching orders were received, and on the following day the regiment moved to Fort Lyon, near Alexandria, Virginia.

The 107th was brigaded Sept. 1, 1862, with the 35tl Massachusetts and two Pennsylvania regiments, forming the 5th Brigade of Whipple's Division, Reserve Corps, Colouel Van Valkenburg commanding.

September 6 orders were received to join General Mc- Clellan's army, moving northward to repel General Lee's invasion of Maryland, and at seven P.M. they were in line of mareh.

In speaking of this movement General Diven said, " How glorious the August moon looked down upon us as we broke eamp at Arlington, and with songs of triumph erossed the Potomae to join the army for the defense of Washington ! How from our eamp at Frederick City we saw the smoke of battle and heard the roar of dread artillery, and marked the strife in which we were soon to mingle! how after a night of fatiguing mareh we encamped at daybreak on the seene of an ensanguined battle of a day before ! how all day with cautious mareh we advanced in the track of the brave vietors of South Mountain ! how eagerly we burned to be sharers in the strife that was making heroes of our friends in other regiments ! how we envied the glory that sur- rounded the 23d!" Ah! this gallant regiment had not long to wait. The night of the 17th of September they

# Name does not appear on the muster-in roll.

HISTORY OF TIOGA, CHEMUNG, TOMPKINS,

lay on their arms, and ere the " gray-cyed morn smiled on the frowning night" was heard the rattle of musketry, and the ominous booming of artillery, reverberated over the army, told only too well that the battle of Antietam had opened. As General Diven remarked in an address de- livered at the regimental association in 1873, " Comrades, you remember the rest of that day."

Yes, the surviving members of the 107th will not soon forget the horrors of that September day. It was an all- day's eontest, and almost a hand-to-hand struggle. Night put an end to the contest, and 90 of those brave men who marched out to meet the enemy in the morning, at night lay upon the field, killed and wounded. This was the 107th's baptism of fire, and nobly did it pass through the deadly contest.

General Gordon, in his official report of the battle, bestowed many encomiums of praise upon this regiment for its bravery and soldierly bearing. He says, "The 107th New York Regiment, Colonel Van Valkenburg, I held in reserve, throwing them into the edge of a piece of woods on the left, which, I was informed by an aid of General Hooker, who met me advancing, must be held at all hazards." Again, in the same report, he says, "The rebel lines again advan- cing, I threw forward a portion of my brigade to support those nearly in front, while the 107th New York was di- rected to support Captain Cotheran's battery on the left. This fine regiment, but just organized and brought into the field, in this battle for the first time under fire, moved with steadiness to its perilous position, and maintained its ground until recalled, though exposed to a front fire from the enemy, and a fire over its head from batteries in its rear." He adds, " I have no words but those of praise for their eonduet."

Captain Cotheran, whose battery the regiment supported, pays it the following tribute in his official report : "The 107th Regiment, New York Volunteers, Colonel R. B. Van Valkenburg, is entitled to great credit for both coolness and courage, and the admirable manner in which it supported my battery during the fight. This being the first time this regiment was under fire, I most cheerfully bear testimony to the excellent bearing of both officers and men, while oc- eupying the uncomfortable position of being the recipients of the enemy's fire while they were unable to return it."

Not one moment elapsed, from the beginning to the close of this sanguinary struggle, that the 107th was not under fire.

The following vivid summary of this battle, in which the 107th took so eonspienous a position, is given by General Gordon : " From sunrise to sunset the waves of battle ebbed and flowed. Men wrestled with each other in lines of regi- ments, brigades, and divisions, while regiments, brigades, and divisions faded away under a terrible fire, leaving long lines of dead to mark where stood the living. Fields of eorn were trampled into shreds, forests were battered and scathed, huge limbs went erashing to earth, sent by shell and round shot. Grape and eanister mingled their hissing scream in this hellish earnival; yet within all this, and throughout it all, the patriots of the North wrestled with hearts strong and unshaken ; wrestled with the rebel horde that thronged and pressed upon them, never yielding, thoughi sometimes halting to gather up their strength, then with one mighty bound, throwing themselves upon

their focs, to drive them into their protecting forests be- yond. We indeed at night slept upon the bloody field of our victory." The regiment was at this time in the Third Brigade, First Division, of the Twelfth Corps.

On the day following the battle the regiment lay upon the field, and on the 19th marching orders were received, and they started in pursuit of the vanquished foe. They moved to Maryland Heights, and went into camp, Sept. 23. While here the ranks were greatly decimated by fever, which raged to such an extent that at the review by President Lincoln, Oct. 2, not 300 men were able to report for duty. The hospitals were filled with victims of the disease, and their camp at Maryland Heights was indeed a sorrowful one, where so many of the brave men, who had passed the fire of battle, sank before this destroyer, and were buried in the winding-sheet, for no coffins, not even of the rudest manu- facture, could at one time be. obtained. The first death in this camp was that of Corporal Joseph Couse, of Company H, and he was buried in a rough box, made by Sergeant Abrau White, of old fence-boards.

The 107th remained at Maryland Heights until late in October, when they moved to Antietam Ford. Here they remained a few weeks, and on the 10th of December moved into Virginia, passing through Harper's Ferry, thence across the Shenandoah, and down the Leesburg Valley to Fairfax Station. The regiment halted here for a short time and then proceeded towards Fredericksburg; subsequently went into camp at a place called Hope Landing, on Aquia Creek.

An official report forwarded to the War Department about this time says, "The 107th remained in camp at Fairfax Station, Va., until the morning of the 19th of January, when it broke eamp and commenced marching southward towards Stafford Court-House, together with the 12th Army Corps (Major-General H. W. Slocum). The march was continued from day to day for five days during the worst possible storm imaginable, fording the swollen streams and making our way along seemingly impassable roads. The evening of Friday arrived at Stafford Court- House. Here the regiment was paid up to the 31st of October, 1862, which was the first pay received. Remained in bivouac near Stafford until Tuesday, January 27, when we marched to Hope Landing, on the Aquia Creek ; re- mained in bivouae there for a few days, and then moved to a camp nearer the creck and commeneed building wiuter quarters for the fourth time. February 13 finds the regiment still here. Sickness is alarmingly on the increase, and regimentally matters looked gloomy. Only some 400 men left for duty, the balance of the 1019 of six months ago dead, wounded, or abseut sick."

Camp life at Hope Landing had been pleasant and duty easy, and but for the sickness that prevailed, caused by the winter, fatigue, and exposure, this eamp might have been left with regret. But not so. The regiment had been greatly thinned by disease, and on April 27 they cheer- fully broke camp and marched, under the command of gallant, fighting Joe Hooker, towards the Rappahannock. The order of march was gladly hailed, and General Diveu remarked, " Never prisoner left a dungeon more eagerly than we our camp when we marched forth under the proud banner of the 12th Army Corps."

AND SCHUYLER COUNTIES, NEW YORK.

The spring campaign was active as it was disastrous. Not one week had elapsed after leaving the camp at IIope Landing erc the 107th participated in the terrible battle of Chancellorsville, adding fresh laurels to those already won on the hard-contested field of Antictam.

This regiment having fought gallantly at Antictam, and left that sanguinary field crowned with the laurels of vic- tory, never harbored the thought of a possible defeat, and with the same coolness and determination that marked their earcer there, did they move upon the enemy at Chan- cellorsville. On the evening of the second day, believing the foc was defeated, marched out to join in capturing a conquered army; but they reckoned without their host. The advance soon became a retreat, and, instead of victory, it was defeat. Soon after the regiment marched out they were ordered back to their position on double-quick, and met the flying columns of the Eleventh Corps, driven before the fierce onslaught of Stonewall Jackson like chaff before the wind. Right gallantly did the 107th attempt to stay the flight of the fleeing and stop the pursuit of the pur- suing until the night came on, when the confusion was like unto pandemonium itself. During the night the regiment again formed in line of battle, and until daybreak over their heads blazed the shricking shot and shell.

At early dawn, without time to consume the seanty pro- visions that had been sent them, they entered the fight, and for hours that passed like minutes struggled with the foe, until the last round of ammunition was exhausted, and then, with fixed bayonets, stood, as they supposed, until reinforcements had come to take their place. Then in orderly march, proud of their endurance, the regiment retired. The rein- forcements, however, outstripped them in the retreat ; and, under a murderous fire, they formned a new line near the Chancellorsville House, only to be driven from it by the artillery of the victorious foe. The battle of Chancellors- ville was fought and lost.

It was a bloody day for the 107th. Many a home in the 27th Congressional district was rendered desolate by this day's earnage. Fearfully were the ranks of the 107th thinned, but not dishonored. Every survivor who partici- pated in that day's fight felt conscious of having performed his duty, and theneeforward the regiment was counted veteran.

" They never fail who dio In a great cause. The block may soak their goro; Their heads may sodden in the sun; their limbs Be strung to city gates or castle walls ;

But still their spirits walk abroad, though years Elapse, and others share as dark a doom. They but augment the deep and sweeping thoughts

Which overspead all others, and conduct The world at last to freedom."

From the disastrous Chanecllorsville battle-ground the 107th marched to Stafford Court-House, where they went into camp and remained during the month of May. While here the regiment parted with their brave Colonel Diven and efficient Adjutant Fanton, who resigned and returned to their homes. The command of the regiment now de- volved upon Lieutenant-Colonel Colby.

June 12 the eamp presented a lively appcaranee, as orders had been received to march at a moment's notiec,

and on the following day, at six o'clock, the forces moved northward to repel the invasion of Lec. This was the be- ginning of the Gettysburg campaign.

On the 24th of June the newly-appointed colonel, N. M. Crane, joined the regiment and assumed command. July 1 the 107th reached Gettysburg, Pa., and prepared for the deadly contest of the morrow. The morrow eame, and with it every indication of a terrible struggle. Everything tend- ing to encumber the men was thrown aside, guns were primed afresh, and a few words of encouragement and dirce- tion given by the gallant colonel. Then each man took his place and awaited the order that should summon them to the front, where the sanguinary battle of Gettysburg was raging in all its fury. The regiment, however, was not actively engaged, and the loss was small.

July 5 the regiment left the Gettysburg battle-field, and followed in the pursuit of the retreating enemy. On the 14th, General Lee, hard pressed, eseaped across the Potomac, closely followed by the Union army, under the command of General Meade. They continued their march through Virginia, reaching Kelley's Ford August 1, where they went into camp, and remained until September 16, when the line of march was taken up to Bcalton Station, from whence the 107th was transported to Stevenson, Ala., to reinforce the Army of the West. From October, 1863, to April, 1864, the regiment-with the exception of Com- panies B and K, which were sent to Shelbyville, Tenn .- lay at Wartraee, Bell Buckle, and Wartrace Bridge, doing guard and picket duty.

During this time the 107th received, by transfer from the disbanded 145th Regiment and by recruits, 250 men, and was enabled to completely recuperate for the first time from the fatigue of its constant service since entering the field.

On the 20th of April, 1864 (the regiment then 600 strong), they broke camp, and then commenced Sherman's memorable march. May 15 was fought the battle of Re- saca, and the 107th lost two killed and seventeen wounded.

Sherman hotly pursued the retreating forecs of John- ston until May 25, when, eoming upon his army at Dallas, a sharp contest ensued, in which the 107th lost nearly 200 men. Fighting and skirmishing was continued on the following day, and, although the enemy was intrenched, on the 5th of June he retreated. Sherman lost no time, but followed hard upon the retreating foe. IIe crowded Johnston from one position to another, and from June 6 to 14 was a series of marehes, eountermarches, and skir- mishes. On the 15th the enemy opened an attack on our forces at Pine Knob, and, after a hard fight, was repulsed with heavy loss.

Again there was a retreat by the enemy, and again the victorious army of Sherman followed in hot pursuit. The battle of Culp's Farm was fought on the 22d, and on the 27th followed the battle of Kenesaw.

On went the flying foe before the intrepid Sherman. Peach-Tree Creek battle was fought the 20th, and here the gallant Major Baldwin was mortally wounded, June 22. After hard fighting, Sherman seeured a position in front of Atlanta, and laid siege to the eity, which was finally evacuated by the enemy Sept. 2, and the 107th Regi-

HISTORY OF TIOGA, CHEMUNG, TOMPKINS,

ment was among the first to enter the city. In this siege the regiment lost about 60 killed and wounded.

The regiment remained at Atlanta some time performing provost-guard duty, and on the 15th of September left Atlanta with Sherman on his memorable " March to the Sea." On the 26th a skirmish was had at Sandersville, and Dec. 9, Redoubt No. 3, nine miles from Savannah, was captured, and Dec. 21 the city was evacuated by the cnemy and the campaign closed. This was one of the greatest campaigns of the war, and it is an honor to be able to say, " I marched with Sherman from Atlanta to the sea !" It may justly be written that the 107th during this campaign added fresh laurels to those already won while with the Army of the Potomae, and it is well known that General Sherman held this regiment in the highest esteem ; and in 1875 he said, " I surely know no regiment that I would prefer to meet, whose services both East and West make them justly proud."

After the evacuation of Savannah, the 107th went into camp on the Georgia side of the river, where they remained until Jan. 17, 1865, when they moved with the army for the campaign through the Carolinas, and participated in the battle of Averysboro', N. C., March 16, and Black River, N. C., March 19. On the 24th they reached Goldsboro' and went into camp, ending the march of 66 days,-distance, 500 miles,-the total casualties of the eam- paign being about 40. Left camp at Goldsboro' April 10, and, after a series of marches,-passing through Richmond and other places,-the 25th finds the regiment in eamp near Bladensburg, Md., preparing the muster-out rolls. June 6 they bade farewell to Southern soil, and on the 8th reached Elmira, on the 9th turned over their camp and garrison equipage, on the 10th were paid off and mustered out of service, and the 107th passed into history.

Summary of Marches .- The following is a summary of marches of the regiment :

Year. Miles.

1862 .- Before leaving Arlington Heights 20

1862 .- First campaign in Maryland 175

1862 .- To Antietam Ford from Maryland Heights. 10

1862 .- Winter campaign to Fairfax and Stafford Court- House .. 150

1863 .- Campaign to Chancellorsville .. 75 1863 .- Second campaign in Maryland and Pennsyl- vania .. 350

1863 .- Marches on the Rappahannock and in Ten- nessee. 300

1864 .- Campaign to Atlanta and the sea 600

1865 .- Campaign through Carolinas 500

1865 .- Homeward march to Washington 400

Total 2580

Summary of Campaigns .- The regiment campaigned in the following States : Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Vir- ginia, Virginia, North Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Ten- nessee, and passed through Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky.

Summary of Battles .- The regiment participated in the following battles and skirmishes, viz. :

Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862.

Chancellorsville, Va., May 1-3, 1863.

Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-3, 1863.

Resaca, Ga., May 15, 1864.

Dallas, Ga., May 25, 1864.

Cassville, Ga., May 19, 1864.

Pine Knob, Ga., June 15, 1864.

Culp's Farm, Ga., June 22, 1864. Kenesaw, Ga., June 27, 1864.

Peach-Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 1864. Siege of Atlanta, July 23 to Aug. 24, 1864.

Sandersville, Ga., Nov. 26, 1864.

Redoubt No. 3, Savannah, Ga., Dec. 9, 1864.

Argyle Island and siege of Savannah, Dec. 11-22, 1864. A verysboro', N. C., March 16, 1865.

Black River, N. C., March 19, 1865.

Roll of Honor .- During the month of January, 1876, Major Charles J. Fox and A. S. Fitch, the efficient secre- tary of the 107th Association, visited Albany, and upon application at the office of the adjutant-general were fur- nished with the muster-out rolls of the regiment, from which were copied the lists of the dead of the several com- panies, with date, place, and cause of death. This list comprises only those who died before receiving their dis- charge from the service. Many sick and wounded were discharged, came home, and died; none such are reported in this list.

Field and Staff .- Lieutenant-Colonel Lathrop Baldwin, died July 30, 1864, of wounds received at Peach-Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 1864.

Commissary-Sergeant Henry Inselo, died April 9, 1863.

Company A.

Cornelius Hammond, first sergeant, killed at Dallas, May 25, 1864.

Charles Bolton, sergeant, died at Chattanooga, Tenn., June 20, 1864, of wounds received at Dallas, May 25, 1864.

John B. Arnot, died at Bolivar Heights, Oct. 23, 1862. Silas H. Betson, died at Hope Landing, Va., March 3, 1863.

Abram Decatur, died at Bolivar Heights, Va., Oct. 13, 1862.

Augustus Demick, died at Fairfax Court-House, Va., Oct. 12, 1862.

John M. French, died Sept. 19, 1862, from wounds re- ceived at Antietam.

William Hill, died at Jeffersonville, Dec. 2, 1864.

William J. Graves, died at Atlanta, Oct. 24, 1864.

Charles H. Luce, died at Washington, D. C., Jan. 21, 1863.

George McPherson, died at David's Island, N. Y., April 5, 1865.

George Ramsey, died at Washington, D. C., July 25, 1863.

Henry P. Smith, died at Bolivar Heights, Va., Oct. 13, 1862.

Henry Stevens, died at Atlanta, Ga., Sept. 19, 1864.

Company B.

Marcus M. Munson, corporal, died at Kingston, Ga. June 4, 1864, from wounds received at Dallas.

Guy Rathbone, corporal, died in South Carolina, Jan. 25, 1865. Jonathan H. Barlow, died at Washington, D. C., Jan. 20, 1863.

AND SCHUYLER COUNTIES, NEW YORK.

John Bright, died in Nashville, Tenn., June 27, 1864, of wounds received at Dallas.

Harrison D. Cooper, died at Nashville, Tenn., July 7, 1864, from wounds received at Dallas.

Hay Griene, killed at the battle of Dallas, May 25, 1864.

Harvey Harrington, died at Antietam, Md., Sept. 18, 1862, from wounds received at the battle of Antietam.

Henry C. Howland, died ncar Atlanta, Ga., July 22, 1864, from wounds received while on skirmish linc.

Jacob W. Jackson, died at Philadelphia, Oct. 8, 1862.

Charles S. Kcener, died at Kingston, Ga., July 31, 1864, of wounds received at Dallas.

Martin McGuire, killed at Dallas, May 25, 1864.

Stephen Rickey, died at Summit House, Md., Dec. 22, 1862.

Oscar M. Root, died at Louisville, Ky., Aug. 24, 1864, from wounds received at Dallas.

Van Buren Stage, died at Harper's Ferry .Oct. 13, 1862.

Charles J. Terwilliger, died at Harper's Ferry, Va., Oct. 15, 1862.

Frederick Lostensen, died at Nashville, Tenn., Jan. 28, 1864, from aecidental wounds.

Louis N. Vreeland, killed at Dallas.

Levi B. Van Gelder, died at Nashville, Tenn, July 29, 1864, from wounds received at Dallas.

Company C.

Jeremiah B. Wood, sergeant, Dallas, Ga., May 30, 1864. William R. Christler, corporal, killed at Averysboro', N. C., March 17, 1864.

John McCarrick, Atlanta, Ga., Oct. 11, 1864.

David Able, Harper's Ferry, Oct. 29, 1862.

Andrew Brockway, killed at Dallas, May 25, 1864.

Oscar F. Fradley, Nashville, Tenn., Sept. 15, 1864.

Areliilest Campbell, Atlanta, Oct. 25, 1864.

George Compton, Hope Landing, Va., Mareh 3, 1863.

Michael Crampton, New York, March 19, 1864.

Patrick Dore, killed at Atlanta, Aug. 11, 1864.

Clement Dreher, killed at Dallas, May 25, 1864.

Louis Matthias, Newbern, N. C., May 25, 1864, of wounds received at Averysboro'.

Clark Richardson, Aquia, Va., May 8, 1863, of wounds received at Chancellorsville.

William Parks, Aquia Bay, March 17, 1863.

Francis S. Steinbeck, killed at Dallas, May 25, 1864.

William Williams, killed at Rockingham, N. C., March 8, 1864.

Company D.

William E. Van Auken, sergeant, killed at Dallas, May 25, 1864.

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History of Tioga, Chemung, Tompkins and Schuyler counties, New York, Part 11

Author: Peirce, H. B. (Henry B.) cn; Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton) Publication date: 1879 Publisher: Philadelphia : Everts & Ensign Number of Pages: 1112

Author: Peirce, H. B. (Henry B.) cn; Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton)
Publication date: 1879
Publisher: Philadelphia : Everts & Ensign
Number of Pages: 1112