USA > New York > Chemung County > History of Tioga, Chemung, Tompkins and Schuyler counties, New York > Part 54
USA > New York > Schuyler County > History of Tioga, Chemung, Tompkins and Schuyler counties, New York > Part 54
USA > New York > Tioga County > History of Tioga, Chemung, Tompkins and Schuyler counties, New York > Part 54
USA > New York > Tompkins County > History of Tioga, Chemung, Tompkins and Schuyler counties, New York > Part 54
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Henry Cole, corporal, 86th Inf .; enl. 1861; re-eul. Sept. 1864, three years. John Cule, private, 64th Inf .; enl. March, 1864.
Andrew J. Cure, private, 23d Inf., Co. I; enl. May, 1861, two years.
Benj. Wheeler, private; enl. Oct. 28, 1861, three years; was a prisoner in An- dersonville. John Taylor.
Avery Davenport, private, 109th Inf. ; ent. Ang. 26, 1862, three years. Theodore McDaniel, private, 164th Inf. Markis S. Pitts, private, enI. 1862.
George Stroop, private, 13th Inf .; enl. Sept. 13, 1864.
John Conway, Jr., private, 5th Cav. : enl. Aug. 30, 1864, one year.
Adam Stecnburgh, private, 50th Inf. ; ent. Ang. 2, 186I.
Cornelius Cuykendall, private, 109th Inf .; enl. Dec. 22, 1863. Frederick D. Arntz, 5th Cav .; enl. March 4, 1864, three years.
Edgar Armstrong, 109th Inf .; enl. Dec. 25, 1863; taken prisoner, and never heard from.
Phineas Ames, 179th Inf .; enl. Sept. 3, 1864. William Angel, 179th Inf .; ent. Ang. 31, 1864. Franklin Barnes, 50th Eng .; ent. Feb. 6, 1863. Chester B. Brenchley, 50th Eng .; enl. Feb. 6, 1863.
Clark Bonham, private, 14th Art. ; enl. Dec. 29, 1863. Isaae Bonham, private, 14th Art .; enl. Dec. 21, 1863. Benj. F. Babcock, private, 109th Inf .; enl. Dec. 22, 1863. Joseph Babcock, private, 109th Inf .; eul. Dec. 22, 1863.
Luther Badger, 109th Inf .; enl. Dec. 25, 1863, three years. Amos O. Brink, 109th Inf .; enl. Dee. 24, 1863, three years. Dunham Brink, 109th Inf .; enl. Dec. 26, 1863, thrco years. Franeis E. Brink, 109th Inf .; ent. Dec. 23, 1863, three years. Sidney S. Brink, 109th Inf .; enl. Feb. 6, 1864, three years. Wm. Burbank; enl. Ang. 6, 1864, three years. Wm. E. Bogart, 179th Inf .; enl. Sept. 5, 1864, three years.
Jason Bedell, 179th Inf. ; ent. Sept. 3, 1864, three years. Geo. N. Boyce, 179th Inf .; ent. Ang. 23, 1864, three years. Wm. Barden, 50th Eng. ; enl. Sept. 5, 1864. Moses J. Bailey, 194th Inf. ; enl. March 7, 1865. Thos. G. Brown, 194th Inf .; enl. March 3, 1865. Barney Butler, private, 194th Inf. ; enl. March 1, 1865.
Ransom Bnfler, private, 194th Inf .; enl. Mareh 1, 1865.
Thos. W. Catlin, 5th Cav .; enl. Dce. 29, 1863. Geo. W. Cole, 5th Cav .; enl. Feb. 10, 1864.
John J. Cole, private, 5th Cav., Co. M ; enl. Dee. 26, 1863; taken prisoner in Shenandoah Valley, and died in Andersonville prison, Aug. 20, 1865. Richard Cortwright, private, 5th Cav., Co. G; enl. Dec. 23, 1863. Walter Cnskendall, 5th Cav .; enl. Dee. 26, 1863. Chas. H. Coleman, 16th Art .; enl. March 21, 1864. Wm. Čapcl, 137th Inf .; enl. Dec. 24, 1863. Francis Cooper, 179th Inf .; enl. Sept. 3, 1864. Samnel Cook, 179th Inf .; enl. Sept. 3, 1864. Holden Cook, 179th Inf .; enl. Sept. 3, 1864; re-enl. Sept. 3, 1865.
Chas. R. Cook, 179th Inf. ; enl. Sept. 3, 1864; died in hospital. Nelson Conrad, 137th Inf .; ent. Sept. 3, 1864. Alfred Chandler, 137th Inf .; ent. Sept. 2, 1864. John Conway, 5th Cav .; enl. Aug. 18, 1864. John Dinehart, 14th Art .; enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Charles Delano, 5th Cav. ; enl. Feb. 11, 1864. George Dinehart, 179th Inf .; enl. Sept. 5, 1864 ; died in hospital.
James M. Davis, 179th Inf .; enl. Sept. 2, 1864. John Dean, 50th Eng .; enl. Sept. 3, 1864. David R. Emory, 75th Iuf .; cnl. Sept. 3, 1864. A. B. Eckert, 179th Inf .; ent. Sept. 5, 1864. John II. Elliott, 5th Cav ; enl. Scpt. 3, 1864. Chas. II. Farnham, 5th Cav .; enl. Feb. 11, 1864. George Forsyth, 109th Inf .; enl. Dee. 21, 1863. Jos. B. Fessenden, 75th Inf .; en1. Aug. 2, 1864.
Chas. B. Fisher, 179th Inf. ; enl. Scpt. 3, 1864. Solomon H. Giles, 21st Cav .; enl. Jan. 15, 1864. Waterman Giles, 179th Inf .; enl. Aug. 23, 1864. Chester Garrison, 50th Eng .; ent. Sept. 1864. Willard Giles, 154th Inf .; eul. Feb. 27, 1865. David T. Hoover, 14th Art.
Alfred B. Hazen, 5th Cav .; enl. Dec. 26, 1863.
Wm. Ilead, 5th Cav. ; enl. Feb. 6, 1864.
Wm. R. Hlonghtaling, 109th Inf .; enl. Feb. 3, 1864.
Daniel Holland, 50th Eng .; enl. Sept. 2, 1864.
James Hunt, 50th Eng .; ent. Sept. 3, 1864.
Ira Horton, 5th Cav .; enl. July 25, 1864.
David A. Harris, 194th Inf .; ent. March 3, 1865.
Leslie Hill, 194th Inf .; en1. Feb. 27, 1865.
Daniel Holden, private, 109th Inf., Co. II; enl. Aug. 1862, three years.
Warren Kimball, 50th Eng.
Lemuel Landers, 5th Cav .; enl. Feb. 11, 1864.
Almon Lunger, 109tht Inf. ; enl. Dee. 28, 1863.
Samuel F. Layton, 75th Inf. ; enl. Sept. 3, 1864.
Gilbert Lory, 50th Eng .; ent. Sept. 3, 1864.
Stephen B. Lconard, 194th Inf .; ent. March 3, 1865.
John J. McLaw, 50th Eng .; enl. Jan. 8, 1864.
John F. McNeil!, 5th Cav .; enl. Dee. 29, 1863.
John McBride, private, 109th Inf. ; ent. Dec. 21, 1863 ; re-enl. 5th Cav. Benjamin Meeker, 109th Inf .; enl. Dec. 22, 1863.
Chas. Middangh, 109th Inf .; enl. Dec. 23, 1863.
Darwin B. Maffit, 26th Col. Inf ; eul. Dec. 21, 1863 ; killed at Johnson's Island, S. C.
IIenry Menold, 179th Inf. ; enl. Sept. 2, 1864.
Enos Moody, Ist Vet. Cav. ; enl. Sept. 5, 1864.
Edwin Morris, 179th Inf .; enl. Jan. 24, 1865.
Andrew L. P. Nichols, 50th Eng. ; en1. Fcb. 8, 1864. Horace Pease, 50th Eng .; enl. Dec. 28, 1863.
Harrison Pendleton, 14th Art. ; enl. Jan. 28, 1863.
John Parris (2d), private, 1091h Inf .; enl. Dec. 23, 1863, three years; wounded in front of Petersburg, June 17, 1864; twice wounded; disch. May 20, 1865.
John C. Robbins, 89th Inf. ; enl. Jan. 21, 1864.
Harry B. Root, 75th Inf .; enl. Dec. 17, 1863; wounded and lost a leg.
David Russell, 179th Inf .; enl. Sept. 3, 1864.
Warren Struble, 14th Art .; enl. Dee. 29, 1863.
Win. Shaw, 5th Cav .; enl. Dec. 23, 1863.
Chas. Shepherd, 5th Cav .; enl. Dec. 23, 1863.
Chas. P. Stephens, 5th Cav .; enl. Dec. 28, 1863.
Jacob Stewart, 109th Inf .; enl. Dec. 23, 1863.
Robt. Slocum, 75th Inf .; ent. Sept. 3, 1864.
Andrew Snyder, 179th Inf .; enl. Sept. 3, 1864. Delavan Spencer, 50th Eng .; ent. Sept. 2, 1864. Abel Strang, 194th Inf .; ent. March 6, 1865. Byron Townsend, 14th Art .; enl. Dec. 29, 1863. Joel Townsend, 14th Art .; enl. Jan. 4, 1864. L. B. Terbush, 5th Cav .; enl. Feb. 6, 1864. George W. Tracy, 5th Cav .; enl. Dec. 22, 1863. Stephen Temple, 50th Eng .; ent. Sept. 3, 1864. Benjamin F. Taylor, 5th Cav .; enl. Sept. 2, 1864. Sam'l Tracy, Jr., 194th Inf .; ent. March 6, 1865. David Turner, 194th Inf .; enl. March 4, 1865. Wayne Towner, 18th Iuf ; enl. Jan. 31, 1865. Nathan Vandemark, 5th Cav .; enl. Dee. 26, 1863. El'as Vangorder, 5th Cav .; enl. Feb. 8, 1864. Wesley Vanmaster, 5th Cav. ; enl. Feb. 3, 1864. Wm. H. Vastfinder, 5th Cav .; enl. Dec. 29, 1863. Nehemiah Vandemark, 109th Inf .; ent. Dec. 1, 1863.
Chas. II. Van Ostram, 109th Inf .; enl. Dec. 26, 1863; wounded.
Isane Vincent, 111th Inf .; en1. Sept. 3, 1864.
Isaac Vosburg, 75th Inf .; enl. Sept. 3, 1864. Audrew L. Van Ostran, Ist Vet. Cav .; enl. Sept. 3, 1864.
Pitney Van Ostram, Ist Vet. Cav ; enl. Sept. 3, 1864. Wm. O. Walling, 50th Eng. ; enl. Feb. 11, 1864. Chas. T. Wolverton, 50th Eng .: ent. Jan. 30, 1864. HIenry W. Wright, 50th Eng .; enl. Jan. 21, 1864.
John R. Wiggins, 14th Art .; enl. Dee. 22, 1863; never heard from.
Robt. Wiltse, 5th Cav .; enl. Dee. 28, 1863. Lorenzo White, 5th Cav .; enl. Dee. 18, 1863. Amos White, 5th Cav .; enl. Feb. 6, 1864.
John Watson, 179th Inf .; eul. Sept. 3, 1864. Charles Willians, 179th Iuf .; enl. Sept. 3, 1864.
Jas. T. Whalin, 50thì Eng .; en1. Aug. 30, 1864.
Clas. II. Yontz, private, 194th Inf .; enl. Feb. 28, 1865.
204
TIOGA, CHEMUNG, TOMPKINS, AND SCHUYLER COUNTIES, NEW YORK.
Benjamin Dunliam, 185thı Inf .; enl. Jan. 31, 1865. Jacob Eastep, private, 14th Art .; enl. Sept. 12, 1864, one year. James L. Wright, private, 50th Eng .; enl. Jan. 25, 1864, one year.
Geo. Leonard, corp., 109th Inf., Co. I ; enl. Ang. 11, 1862, three years ; wounded at Petersburg, April 2, 1862 ; in hospital, and diseh. June 2, 1865. Wm. Knowlton, corp., 109th Inf., Co. I; enl. Aug. 11, 1862. D. L. Cole, 1st lient., 109th Inf., Co. I; enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Robt. Whiteomb, private, 109th Inf., Co. I; enl. July, 1862. Wm. Cnykendall, sergt., 109th Inf., Co. I; enl. July, 1862.
IIenry B. Forsyth, sergt., 109th Inf. ; enl. Aug. 9, 1862, three years ; taken pris- oner at the battle of the Wilderness.
Horaee Presher, sergt., 64thi Inf .; enl. Nov. 3, 1861, three years; re-enl. 64th Inf., Co. II, Jan. 2, 1864.
Orrin Abby, sergt., 64th Inf .; enl. Nov. 5, 1861, three years. George Manhart, private, 64th Inf., Co. II; enl. Nov. 5, 1861, three years. John W. Cooper, private, 137th Inf., Co. C; enl. Sept. 24, 1862, three years. Harvey .A. Forsyth, private, 5thi Cav., Co. G ; enl. Ang. 20, 1861, three years. Jas. II. Vasbinder, bugler, 5th Cav., Co. G ; enl. Aug. 10, 1861, three years. Charles L. West, private, 5th Cav., Co. G; enl. Nov. 1861, three years. Frederick llnll, private, 137th Inf., Co. H ; enl. Aug. 14, 1862, three years. Squire White, private, 5th Cav .; enl. Dec. 18, 1863, three years. Ilenry Bogart, private, 50th Eng .; enl. Feb. 1864, three years. Nicholas Tom, private, 63d Inf. ; enl. March, 1864, three years. Julin M. Hyatt, private, 63d Inf .; enl. April, 1864, three years. John M. Head, private, 137th Inf .; enl. Aug. 20, 1862, three years. Henry Yonng, enl. Aug. 20, 1862, three years.
Philip Campbell, private, 137th Inf. ; enl. Ang. 23, 1862, three years. Albert Phelps, private, 5th Cav .; enl. Aug. 10, 1861, three years. William Harding, private, 23d Inf .; enl. April, 1861, three years. James Harding, private, 67th Inf .; enl. Sept. 1862, three years. David Ilaight, sergeant, 109th Inf. ; enl. Ang. 1, 1862, three years. Abram Crawford, private, 50th Eng .; enl. Nov. 1862, three years.
Texas Brink, private, 109th Inf .; enl. July, 1862, three years. Joseph Taft, private, 3d Inf .; enl. June, 1862.
Jolin Thorn, private, 5th Regt .; enl. May, 1861.
William Casson, private, 109th Inf .; enl Ang. 1862.
Samuel Traey, private ; enl. Sept. 10, 1862.
Alfred B. Stevens, pr. vate, 109th Inf. ; enl. Aug. 11, 1862 ; re-enl. 5th Car., Dec. 28, 1863, three years.
Henry Brown, 14Ist Regt. ; enl. Aug. 1862.
M. E. McCallum, lientenant-colonel, 3d Inf .; enl. July, 1861, three years. Simon Blanchard.
Joseph Lindsey, private, 109th Inf .; enl. April 11, 1862, three years.
Ezereal Parmatur, private, 137th Inf. ; enl. Aug. 25, 1862, three years.
Speneer E. Smith, private, 3d Inf .; enl. April, 1861, three years.
John Taylor, private, 109th Inf. ; enl. Ang. 1862, three years.
George B. Williams, private, 71st Inf .; enl. Aug. 1861, three years. Charles E. Bonham, private, 86th Iuf., Co. E; enl. 1862.
William Bonhanı, 86th Inf., Co. E; enl. 1862.
Wesley Cooper, 137th Inf., Co. C.
O. C. Taylor, private, 179th Inf., Co. C; enl. 1864. Cornelius Sweet, 137th Inf., Co. II.
James l'ease, private, 23d Inf. ; enl. May 16, 1861.
Daniel Lum, private, 14th H. Art .; enl. Dec. 31, 1863.
William D. Lum, private, 6th Art., Co. H ; enl. Dec. 31, 1863 ; died June 13, 1864, at hospital in Washington.
Leroy S. Hewitt, 2d lieutenant, 64th Inf. ; enl. 1862; died in Seven Days' Fight before Richmond.
Sheldon Lounsbury, sergeant, 64th Inf. ; enl. 1862, three years.
Edward Taft, private, 109th Inf .; enl. 1863, three years ; taken pris. and died at Andersonville.
H. Wolcott ; enl. Aug. 23, 1864, one year.
John Horton ; enl. Aug. 5, 1864, one year.
SUMMARY.
· Enlisted men 221 Substitutes 12 Drafted 1 Number fought not belonging to town, not known.
Paid for bounties $18,858 88
Recruiting fees, hand-money, ete. 1,036.50
Support of families of soldiers. 3,450.00
Interest on town loans. 230.57
Total amount for war purposes .$23,575.95
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH.
IRA HOYT
was of English deseent, his ancestors settling at Danbury, Mass., at an early day. His grandfather, Nathaniel Hoyt, was an officer in the Revolutionary army, and settled after the war at Winchester, Conn. He was a farmer, and reared a large family. He died at the advanced age of eighty- eight years. Ira Hoyt, father of our subjeet, was born in Danbury, in 1797. He was twice married ; and by his first wife were born to him five, by his second wife four, ehildren. He died at the age of seventy-seven, in 1864. His widow, Mrs. Anna Hoyt, is still living, residing in Halsey Valley, at the age of eighty-six years.
Ira, the eldest child of Ira and Anna Hoyt, was born in Litchfield, Conn., Sept. 9, 1821. His boyhood days were passed in attending the common school, and in laboring upon the farms of his neighborhood, until he was twenty- one years of age, when he married Miss Helen M. Roberts. The issue of this union was two children : Charles, who died at the age of five years, and Josephine, who married John Hutchins, and resides in Lawrence, Kansas. Helen Hoyt died in 1862, aged thirty-five years. In 1864, Mr. Hoyt filled the vaeaney in his home by introducing therein as his wife Mrs. Hollinbeck, of Barton.
In the year 1850 he removed to Tioga County, settling at Halsey Valley, which he has sinee made his home. Although by occupation a cooper, he owns a small farm, and engages himself mainly in its eare, and in the propaga- tion of fish. In the latter enterprise he has been very sue- eessful, and owns a very fine pond, of which he is justly proud. For many years he has also been engaged in the manufacture of butter packages, his factory being operated by both steam- and water-power, and employing a number of men. Elsewhere in these pages may be seen a view of the residenees and surroundings of Mr. Hoyt, and of Dr. Hollinbeek, his step-son, who lives adjoining.
By a life of industry and prudence, Mr. Hoyt has ae- quired a handsome competence.
fr
LITH. BY L. H. EVERY'S, PHILADA
STATE REFORMATORY, ELMIRA , N. Y.
CHEMUNG COUNTY.
J.
CHAPTER XXXV. SETTLEMENT AND PROGRESS.
The Pioncers and their Successors-The numbering of the People- The Gardens and Corn-Patches of 1786, and the Farms of 1875- Products of the Field, the Dairy, the Orchard, and the Garden- Live-Stock-The Wool Clip of Five Years contrasted-Chemung Second in Tobacco-raising-Yield of the Soil-Pioneer Mills, and the Manufactures of their Sons-Industry and Wealth.
SETTLEMENT AND PROGRESS.
THE first permanent settlement effected by white men in the territory now included in the limits of Chemung County was that of William Wynkoop, William Buck, and his son, Elijah, Daniel McDowell, Joseph Bennett, Thomas Burt, Enoch Warren, and his son, Enoch, Jr., who, in the spring of 1786, came up the Susquehanna and Chemung Rivers in canoes and Durham boats, and located fromu Wyn- koop's Creek westward to the second narrows. A second settlement was made in the following spring of 1787 still farther west of the Narrows. The details of these settle- ments will be found in the history of the town of Chemung. The carliest settlements in the other towns will be found detailed in the several town histories.
The population of the towns of the county from 1810, and of the county since its organization to 1875 inclusive, by lustrums is as follows :
yet remaining. These were valued at $16,785,968, the frames being put in at $13,955,093, and the log cabins $8775; 141 were worth less than $50, 1900 between $1000 and $2000, and 227 over $10,000, the average being $2089.11; 7875 houses were inhabited by 8869 families ; average, 5.30 persons to a house. The area of the county is 406 square miles, and there were 102.88 persons to the square mile resident in its limits, and 21.84 families and 19.79 dwellings to the same area. The acre- age to each person was 6.22, and the value of inhabited houses to cach family $1851.33.
The first farming operations by the settlers were those of Wynkoop and others, in 1786, on the deserted corn-fields of the Indians, devastated by the fire of Sullivan's army. In 1840, the first census taken after Chemung County was erected, the agricultural exhibit was as follows : products- bushels of wheat, 102,831; barley, 26,358; oats, 203,184; rye, 18,513; buckwheat, 62,590 ; corn, 120,732 ; potatoes, 269,233; pounds wool, 75,996; lops, 1044; wax, 1331; hay, 28,481 tous; hemp and flax, 122 tons; sugar, 74,926 pounds ; wood sold, 13,605 cords ; value products of dairy, $62,648; value products of orchards, $21,720; value of domestic goods manufactured, $32,876 ; there were owned 4667 horses, 21,406 neat cattle, 37,975 sheep, and 18,110 hogs, and poultry was sold the year before valued at $17,403.
1810.
1820.
1825.
1830.
1835.
1840.
1845.
1850.
1855.
1860.
1865.
1870.
1875.
Ashland
1,016
1,680
Baldwin
918
923
969
1,006
Big Flats
826
1,149
1,238
1,421
1,709
1,853
1,853
1.891
1,902
1,938
Catlin
1,105
2,015
2,356
1,247
1,474
1,518
1,308
1,440
1,342
1,426
Chemung
1,327
1,150
1,461
2,231
2,575
2,674
2,785
2,128
1,950
1,907
2,002
Elmira town .. Elmira city ..
683 2,168
2,945
1,915
2,892
3,879
5,898
8,166
8,486
8,682
1,169
1,190
1,481
Erin
643
975
1,099
1,581
1,833
1,190
1,339
1,256
1,392
1,561
Horseheads.
2,648
2,277
2,838
2,961
3,399
Southport ..
1,114
1,454
1,711
2,539
3,184
4,479
4,733
3,412
2,727
3,285
Van Etten.
1,522
1,508
1,485
1,533
1,735
Veteran.
1,158
1,616
1,925
2,481
2,698
2,807
2,171
. 2,429
2,479
2,373
The county
2,851
4,272
8,011
11,862
17,475
17,742
21,733
27,288
26,917
31,923
35,281
41,879
13,130
15,863
20,538
.
The first houses erected for the white settlers in the ter- ritory of the county were those built in 1786, by the settlers coming into the valley in that year ; but which par- ticular settler had the priority in erecting his log cabin is a matter we have not been able definitely to ascertain. Major William Wynkoop was the first to erect a framed house in that settlement, which was quite likely the first house of the kind erected in the county, but the exact date cannot now be given.
The census of 1875 gives the following statistics con- cerning the dwellings of the people at the present time : they numbered 8035, of which 7702 were frames, 207 brick, 15 stone, and 111 were the primitive log cabins
The agricultural exhibit for 1875 was as follows : area of land in farms-improved, 146,788 acres ; unimproved woodland, 53,312 acres; other, 31,092 acres. Cash values- of farns, $12,658,403 ; farm buildings other than dwellings, $1,355,255; of stock, $1,381,711; of tools and imple- ments, $468,413. Cost of fertilizers bought in 1874, $5642 ; amount of gross sales from farms in 1874, $1,017,- 965. Arca plowed-1874, 42,043 acres; 1875, 43,323 acres. Grass lands-area in pasture 1874, 46,749 acres ; 1875, 46,088. Arca mown-acres 1874, 39,663; 1875, 38,856. Hay produced 1874, 40,070 tons; grass seed 1874, 928 bushels; barley, acres 972, bushels 19,958; acres 1875, 1333 ; buckwheat, acres 8119, bushels 14,414 ;
205
206
HISTORY OF TIOGA, CHEMUNG, TOMPKINS,
acres 1875, 5551; corn, acres 6470, bushels 271,750 ; acres 1875, 7259 ; oats, acres 17,488, bushels 480,326; acres 1875, 19,712; rye, acres 316, bushels 3270; acres 1875, 461 ; spring wheat, acres 1097, bushels 10,569 ; acres 1875, 765; winter wheat, acres 6741, bushels 106,954; acres 1875, 8363; corn sown for fodder, acres 1874, 390 ; 1875, 462 ; beans and peas, acres 124, bushels 1606 ; acres 1875, 113; hops, acres 13, pounds 4800 ; acres 1875, 10; potatoes, acres 1989, bushels 230,560 acres; 1875, 2019; tobacco, acres 343, pounds 485,104; acres 1875, 459; apple orchards, number of trees 131,395, bushels fruit 140,075, cider made 5002 barrels ; grapes produced 25,414 pounds, 2579 gallons wine made ; 2396 pounds maple-sugar made, and 426 gallons syrup ; 38,245 pounds of houcy collected ; horses on farms of all ages, 5999 ; mules, 130; poultry owned 1875, $25,563, sold 1874, $11,601, eggs sold 1874, $14,228. Neat cattle on farms June 1, 1875- heifers of all ages, 7168 ; bulls of all ages, 1737 ; working oxen and steers, 1028; milch-cows 1874, 13,018; 1875, 13,016 ; cattle slaughtered in 1874, 1349. Dairy products -- cows whose milk was sent to factories 1874, 1194; 1875, 1005; butter made in families 1874, 1,362,625 pounds ; cheese made in families 1874, 9180 pounds ; milk sold in market 1874, 265,480 gallons. Swine on farms June 1, 1875, of all ages 9969, slaughtered on farms 1874, 5251 ; pork made on farms 1874, 1,175,043 pounds.
The number of sheep shorn, total weight of clip, and average weight of fleece for the years 1855, 1864, 1865, 1874, and 1875 is as follows :
Number shorn.
3855
12,909
Total clip. 40,765 pounds.
Average weight. 3.16 pounds.
1864
27,091
138,394
5.11
1865
26,634
81,941
16
3.08
.6
1874
9,270
38,530
66
4.16
1875
8,420
35,340
16
4.20 66
Lambs raised in 1874, 5773; 1875, 6279 ; slaughtered 1874, 758; killed by dogs, 290.
There were three butter- and cheesc-factories in opera- tion in 1874, with an invested capital of $5900; wages paid, $2834; average number of cows, 790; number of days in season, 660; average number of patrons, 49; total pounds of milk used, 4,883,734 ; pounds of milk used in making cheese, 1,986,535 ; pounds of cheese made, 194,445 ; pounds of milk used in making butter and skim-cheese, 2,897,199; pounds of butter made, 34,346; skim-cheese, 57,955 pounds.
Average yield per acre of the principal crops in 1874, in bushels: barley, 20.53; buckwheat, 17.79; corn, 42; oats, 27.53 ; rye, 10.35 ; spring wheat, 9.63; winter wheat, 15.87 ; potatoes, 115.92; hay, 1.01 ton; hops, 369.23 pounds.
Chemung ranks the second county in the State in to- bacco-raising, Onondaga being the first. The latter raised, in 1874, 1,500,000 pounds. No other county in the State approaches Chemung within 100,000 pounds, and only one other is over 300,000 pounds, which is Cayuga. Chemung is also among the fifteen highest counties on the average yield per acre of corn, Yates and Kings only exceeding. In buckwheat, also, Chemung ranks ninth among the higher counties per acre. There were, in 1875, in the county, 2576 farms of all sizes, from a garden-patch of
3 acres to a domain of 1000 and over. There were but 2 of the latter,-one in the town of Chemung, and the other in Van Etten. There were 147 of the former. There were 865 containing from 100 to 500 acres, and 6 of 500 to 1000 acres. 1
MANUFACTURES.
The first manufacturing operation carried on in the county was that of lumber and gristing. Major Wynkoop had probably the first of these in operation on the creek named in his honor, but the exact date of the erection of the saw- or grist-mill we have been unable to fix definitely ; it was, however, but a short time after his settlement in 1786, probably between 1788 and 1790. In 1810 there were 7 grain- and saw-mills in operation, and a fulling-mill and carding-machine, in the town of Chemung, and in the town of Elmira there were 7 grain- and 10 saw-mills, and also a fulling-mill and carding-machine.
The census of 1875 having given no manufacturing statistics, we have recourse only to those of 1870 to give an idea of the progress of the county in this particular. The census returns for that year were as follows : there were 346 establishments of all kinds,-74 being operated by steain, and 59 by water,-employing 2118 operatives, 1912 being malcs above sixteen years, 115 females above fifteen years, and 91 youths. The total capital invested was $2,503,170; wages paid, $894,798; materials used, $3,500,928 ; manufactured products, $5,925,471. Of these establishments there were 32 saw-mills, 17 flouring-mills, 13 cooper-shops, and 26 wagon- and carriage-manufactories. The heaviest establishment was a rolling-mill at Elmira, which employed 300 operatives and a capital of $500,000; paid wages, $222,470; used materials, $1,199,030; and manufactured products valued at $1,768,400. Nine tan- neries employed 110 operatives ; capital, $366,240; wages, $59,261; materials used, $484,376; value of products, $691,560. Four boot and shoe establishments employed 485 operatives ; capital, $176,000; wages, $185,000; ma- terials, $300,591 ; products, $575,144. The saw-mills en- ployed 242 operatives ; capital, $196,300 ; wages, $63,718 ; materials, $149,796; products, $370,130. Four woolen- factories employed 124 operatives and $44,000 capital ; paid for wages, $42,404; materials, $160.02; and value of products was $222,220.
CHAPTER XXXVI.
CIVIL HISTORY.
Organization of the County-Origin of the Name of Chemung-Organi- zation of Towns-The Courts : Cireuit, Oyer and Terminer, Supreme, Common Pleas, General Sessions, County Court, Surrogate-Capital Causes-Board of Supervisors-Income and Outgo of 1877 -- Appro- priations for 1878-The Tramp Nuisance and its Suppression-The Cash Cost of the Rebellion-Assessment and Taxation, 1836-1878 -Corporate Property : the Hundreds of 1836 and the Millions of 1878-The "Erie" of 1845 and 1877-Bonded Indebtedness of Chemung and her City and Towns-The State as a Broker.
THE county of Chemung was taken from the county of Tioga by the act of the Legislature of March 29, 1826, and included territory bounded as follows: " Beginning at
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