USA > New York > Orange County > The history of Orange County, New York > Part 57
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624
THE COUNTY OF ORANGE.
The Christians of Orange County are becoming assimilated to the spirit of those on whom the Holy Ghost fell in the day of Pentecost. For years since the earliest settlement of this country they have been known as Presbyterians, Lutherans, Reformed Dutch, Episcopalians, Ro- man Catholics, Baptists, Methodists, Quakers, etc., and are still connected with organizations bearing these names, but they are coming to bear in their membership the same characteristic devotion to humanity and God.
We cannot be to-day what our ancestors were who came from Europe. They were unaware of a vast deal we know. Their knowledge of the world and its peoples was infinitely little, ours is infinitely large. They came and settled here amid dense forests and interpreted God's word by and through their limited experience, but God's word to them was a sealed book; they could not interpret it at all. They came from different countries of Western Europe, and brought with them their theories re- ligious and secular. The Dutch came to the mouth of a great stream that ran north, and settled on an island, and called their settlement New Amsterdam. Some of them sailed up this great river, now known as the Hudson, and established homes in the neighborhood of the present city of Kingston, at the confluence of two streams, known to us as the Wall- kill and Rondout. Their expression of the Christian religion exists in their descendants to-day as the Reformed, known to me in my boyhood as the Dutch Reformed. The churches of this denomination in Orange County owe their origin to the missionary zeal of Rev. Petrus Vas and the Rev. George W. Marcius, pastors of the church at Kingston. The Montgomery Reformed Church was first organized as the German Re- formed Church of the Wallkill in 1782. The Warwick Church was or- ganized October 24, 1694, at Orangetown. In 1764 its congregation united with the Presbyterians, and remained thus united until 1803, when the congregation determined that as the deed of the property was to the Presbyterians it should continue to be held by them as trustees, while the Reformed Dutch Consistory should control the spiritual interests. At the present time there are ien churches of this type in the county, as follows :
Location.
Pastor.
Membership.
Newburgh
.A. T. Brook.
308
Walden
W. W. Schomp
420
Montgomery
Peter Crispell
312
Port Jervis, Ist.
Willard Conger 418
Port Jervis, 2nd
J. B. Appel
99
625
CHURCHES OF ORANGE COUNTY.
Minisink
Vacant
60
Warwick
Faber Knox
347
Pine Bush
11. K. Post.
169
Cuddebackville
W. W. Whitney
70
Unionville
Vacant
20
Total
2,223
There are hundreds if not thousands of people living in this county to-day, who do not understand why there are so many Christian societies bearing different names and worshiping apart. There are almost as many, in all probability who are ignorant of the doctrines wherein they differ from other Christian bodies.
The last generation arriving at adult age has heard so infrequently doc- trinal and controversial preaching as to know not why they are of one denomination rather than another. On this line the men who established Presbyterian bodies in this county, away back in the seventeenth and ยท eighteenth centuries, were well informed.
The differences between the Presbyterians of the various schools are equally beyond the knowledge of the great majority. I am not going to attempt to enlighten myself or my readers by any research of old pamphlets, etc., of the Presbyterian denomination. Life is too short and the matter too immaterial to the issue in which we are interested.
In 1752, says Ruttenber, the Associate Presbytery of Scotland sent the Rev. John Culbertson to America, who organized in the Wallkill valley a praying society in 1753, which eventually became the Reformed Presby- terian Church at Coldenham.
In 1816 or 1817 a praying society established in Newburgh became the first Presbyterian Church there.
In 1765 the Associated Reformed Church of Little Britain and Neely- town began their corporate existence.
In 1831 the Graham Church of Crawford, organized in 1800. united with the church at Hamptonburgh.
The first Associate Reformed Church of Newburgh. was organized in 1797. and the Union Associate Reformed in 1837.
The Presbyterian Church at Goshen was the first of this denomination established in Orange County. Its first edifice stood at the site now occu- pied by the Court House.
The second Presbyterian Church was that at Goodwill. It was orig-
620
THE COUNTY OF ORANGE.
inally established for the use of immigrants principally from County Londonderry, Ireland. Its first pastor was Rev. John Houston. Out of this organization rose not less than five others, namely : Neelytown, Hamp- tonburgh, Hopewell. Graham, Berea and Montgomery. Its first house of worship is said to have been erected in 1735.
The third Presbyterian Church of Cornwall at Bethlehem, was organ- ized in 1730. From it sprang into existence the hrst Presbyterian Church of Newburgh, and the first of New Windsor (now defunct).
The following statement was prepared by the Rev. Charles O. Hammer :
Pastors.
Membership.
Money Raised.
Amity
R. H. Craig, LL.D
92
102
$1,086.80
Denton
J. L. Harrington.
45
33
725.60
Chester
R. H. McCready, Ph.D ..
284
278
3,378.56
Goshen
F. S. Haines.
63.0
393
7,792.92
Montgomery
T. D. Elder
186
205
4,416.72
Port Jervis
Vacant
419
335
3,635.86
Scotchtown
126
119
1,156.70
Goodwill
J. H. Thompson
143
152
1,811.48
Ramapo
R. B. Marble.
320
304
5,674.00
Hopewell
J. S. E. Erskine
142
128
1,136.32
Westtown
F. H. Bisbee.
I60
169
1,638.72
Middletown, Ist
W. R. Ferris.
465
465
7,328.00
Monroe
Vacant
III
I14
1,870.00
Suffern
Pastor Elect
. ..
166
2,225.40
Hamptonburgh
W. B. Johnson.
127
162
2,085.32
Ridgebury
F. A. Gates.
82
86
1,381.24
Washingtonville
J. A. McCallum
126
146
2,102.44
Florida
Vacant
155
170
2,699.00
Centerville
43
40
412.00
Circleville
105
I18
1,137.44
Middletown, 2nd
Pastor
Elect
400
486
6,408.72
Mt. Hope
Vacant
29
26
290.24
Otisville
II.4
109
1,010.24
Slate Hill
Calvary, N. B. City
J. Searles
282
28.4
10,849.50
First,
66
66
Vacant
506
490
9,700.50
Union. 66 66
S. K. Piercy
400
400
7,044.63
Grand St., 66
I. Maxwell
174
196
2,274.25
Cornwall
H. R. Fraser
185
20I
2,035.58
Little Britain
J. S. King
129
I30
1,817.25
Highland Falls
.A. R. Barron
I13
13.5
1,880.25
Canterbury
Supplied
41
73
1,922.88
6,134
6,259
$99,715.52
Churches
33
Vacant
8
Membership increase, 1902-1906
125
...
44
786.96
6
R. H. Barr
.. .
. . .
Bethlehem S'l'y Mills.
Churches.
1902.
1906.
027
CHURCHES OF ORANGE COUNTY.
Reformed Presbyterian. The Reformed Presbyterians are the eccle- siastical descendants of the Covenanters of Scotland. In the latter half of the eighteenth century some of them who had come to Orange County. organized as a church society in Coldenham, and called as pastor, Rev. Dr. Alexander McLeod, who afterward became famous as a preacher in New York City. For five years, from 1812, Rev. James Mulligan was pastor, and he was followed by the eloquent J. R. Williams, who deliv- ered the famous address at Goshen when the bones of the patriots who fell in the battle of Minisink were buried. The present pastor is Rev. Thomas Patton.
A society of Reformed Presbyterians was formed in Newburgh in 1802, and services were held for a time at the residence of James Clarke. This was a part of the Coldenham congregation until 1824. when it was organized as a separate society and called for its first pastor Rev. J. R. Johnston, who afterward joined the Presbyterian Church. The present pastor, Rev. J. W. F. Carlisle, is the successor of his father, who died in 1887.
December 12, 1854. a second Reformed Presbyterian society was organ- ized in Newburgh, which is known as the Westminster Church. It has had but one pastor, Rev. J. R. Thompson, whose ministrations in Decem- ber. 1907, had extended through the long period of fifty-two years. He has said of his church: "The motto of Harvard College is 'Pro Christo et Ecclesia' : but that of Reformed Presbyterians is. 'Pro Christo et Ec- clesia et Patria.' Their aim is to Christianize the National government as well as the church."
The Protestant Episcopal Church. This branch of the Church Catholic now represented in Orange County is shown by the following statistical report. \ brief general history of the Protestant Episcopal Church may be appreciated. Prior and up to the war of Independence. there were sev- eral places in the county where worship was maintained by the Church of England Society, for the propagation of the gospel in foreign parts. namely. at Newburgh on the glebe, granted to them by King George : at St. David's in the vicinity of the present village of Washingtonville, and at St. Andrews west of Newburgh some twelve miles.
The success of the colonists in the above war took these and other churches from the jurisdiction of the Church of England. To meet the new situation measures were immediately taken by the ordained clergy of
628
THE COUNTY OF ORANGE.
the colonies, who had accepted the results of the Revolutionary War for the restoration of the government and worship of that church. The church in the United States was without a head, that is to say without a Bishop. Those who constituted it could not continue without such. All English Bishops were so sworn to the Crown of England that they were unable to act in an independent state such as this. No priest could be elevated to the office of Bishop in England without subscribing to the fol- lowing article, i. e., That the King's Majesty under God is the only Su- preme Governor of this realm and of all other of His Highness's domin- ions and countries as well as in all spiritual or ecclesiastical things or causes as temporal. In the American church no ordination or confirma- tions could take place. In 1780 a conference of the clergy and laity assem- bled at the call of the Rev. Dr. William Smith, president of Washington College. The purpose was to unite the separated parts into a body corpo- rate. A second conference was called in 1783. There were present at this eighteen clergymen.
When the Revolutionary War closed there were in Connecticut forty Episcopal congregations, fourteen clergymen and forty thousand mem- bers, ten of the fourteen met at Woodbury in Litchfield County, and chose two men either of whom they thought would be suitable for the office of Bishop, namely, the Rev. Dr. Jeremiah Leaming, and Samuel Seabury. Dr. Seabury accepted, went to England and laid before the Bishop his credentials submitting to him the fact which in the judgment of the Con- necticut people made the appointment of an American Bishop an immedi- ate necessity. In case of failure in England he was to go to Scotland and endeavor to secure consecration of the non-juring Bishops. To these Bishops Seabury was finally compelled to resort for consecration. In a private chapel of a modest house in Aberdine he was consecrated by Robert Kilgour. Arthur Petrie and John Skinner. He came home to America the first Bishop of the church here.
In May, 1784. at a meeting held in New Brunswick, N. Y., by the man- agers of the society for the relief of the widows and orphans of clergy- men the general condition of the church came up for discussion, the result of which was a call for a conference of churchmen from all the States to be held in October. It met. There were present delegates from Penn- sylvania, New York, New Jersey. Delaware, Maryland, Virginia and Con- necticut. A call was issued summoning the churches in the several States
629
CHURCHES OF ORANGE COUNTY.
to send delegates to a constitutional convention. This was held in Philadel- phia on St. Michael's Day in 1785, with the following result: A consti- tution for the church. Having made it they proceeded to consider the Episcopate ; they drew up an address to the Archbishop and Bishops of England. Upon the receipt of the answer they met in October, 1786, for its consideration. In reply they informed the English Bishops that the Nicene and Apostles' Creeds were retained and that in fact the English prayer book was kept intact. They then called the roll of States present to ascertain if any had chosen men for Bishops. New York delegates pre- sented the name of Dr. Provoost. Pennsylvania presented the name of White, Maryland had already chosen Dr. Smith. White and Provoost went to England and were consecrated in Lambeth Chapel, February 4. 1786. On their return to this country they were met by the Bishop of Connecticut and with him consulted on terms of union. The result of their deliberation was the adoption of resolutions which it was thought would harmonize both sides. In these resolutions they recognized the validity of Seabury's consecration and that together with Provoost and White they had all the power which belongs to the Episcopal office limited only by such canons or laws as the entire church of the United States might fix. They then adjourned to meet again in Connecticut in convention of the whole church. When the constitution was altered, the Bishops be- came a separate house, the other house was to be composed of representa- tives, lay and clerical ( not Bishops ). They also revised the English prayer book to make it harmonize with the government of these States. These things being satisfactorily adjusted the organization of the Protestant Episcopal church of the United States of North America became an estab- lished fact.
The Protestant Episcopal churches of this section, with those of other sections of New York State, first came under the superintendence of Bishop Samuel Provoost. Rector'of Trinity Parish in the city of New York: at which time, St. Andrew's Parish, Walden, then in Ulster County and St. George's, Newburgh. were the only ones surviving the ravages of the Revolutionary period. These churches with St. David's had been organized under an act of incorporation granted by King George the Third, dated July 23. 1770, at which time the Rev. John Sayre was in charge of missionary work at Newburgh and parts adjacent.
There do not appear to have been any Episcopal duties performed in either Ulster or Orange Counties until 1790, from the time of the super-
630
THE COUNTY OF ORANGE.
intendency of Bishop Provoost when Rev. George H. Spierin became the minister and schoolmaster of St. George's Glebe School and Church in Newburgh and the rector of St. Andrews, Walden. There is no record of any visitations of the parishes by Provoost.
In 1804 when Rev. Frederick Van Horn was rector of St. Andrew's, it. and St. George's were members of the Diocesan convention. Bishop Moore was then in charge of the diocese. During his Episcopate St. James's Church, Goshen, was received into union with the convention, 1808, and Christ's Church, Warwick, 1804. Although there are no records of any Episcopal visitations in this section of the State there probably were such. February, 1816, Bishop Moore died, and was succeeded by Bishop John Henry Hobart, who became the third Bishop of New York. Trinity Church, from which the bishops were selected down to the time of Bishop Horatio Potter, furnished not only the Bishops but the financial means for the maintenance of church work throughout the whole country. The Episcopal Church in the United States, when Dr. Hobart assumed Epis- copal jurisdiction, was apparently dying. He revived hope in the hearts of its adherents. With him the church began to live and grow. He estab- lished a Churchman's magazine in New York, provided for a learned clergy by establishing a college at Geneva, did much for the endowment of the college in New York and was also the real founder of the Theo- logical Seminary there. It was while he was bishop that the Rev. John Brown became rector of St. George's Parish, Newburgh ( 1816) and St. Thomas's, New Windsor, 1818.
The original diocese of New York is now divided into five. The names of successful Bishops of New York from Hobart's time to this are Right Rev. Treadwell Onderdonk, who was consecrated in 1830; Bishop Wain- wright, Bishop Horatio Potter, Bishop Henry C. Potter and Bishop Greer. In 1838 the diocese of western New York was created. Grace Church, Middletown, was organized under Onderdonk's Episcopate. During which also the Rev. Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright was consecrated to perform the Episcopal duties in the diocese provisionally. Bishop Wainwright died on the feast of St. Matthew, Thursday, September 21st, 1854, in the sixty-third year of his age. Dr. Horatio Potter became Bishop, Novem- ber 22, 1854, and served provisionally until the death of Bishop Onderdonk in 1861, and wholly from that time until the twelfth day of September, 1883, when he withdrew, having faithfully served the church as Bishop
031
CHURCHES OF ORANGE COUNTY.
of New York for twenty-nine years. His Episcopate was the most suc- cessful and satisfactory from the beginning; Hobart's was brilliant, but his was masterful and complete. He was a great man, master of himself and others. He ruled with ease and equity the variant elements that composed the ministry and membership of the church. With clear perception of character he indulged idiosyncrasies in men whom he saw were sincere and earnest. A perfect gentleman, a true Christian, a sound churchman, unobtrusive and inoffensive. He handed the administration of the church to his successor affluent and strong, socially, spiritually, in- tellectually and financially. He was succeeded by his nephew, the Right Rev. Henry C. Potter. When he resigned his diocese there were in Orange County the following flourishing parishes: St. George's, Newburgh; St. Paul's. Newburgh: St. John's, Canterbury; St. James's, Goshen ; Grace Church, Middletown; St. Andrew's Walden; St. John's, Arden; St. George's Mission, Newburgh ; Grace Church, Monroe. Under the present administration of his successor the growth of the church in this county has been continuous since 1904. being greatly aided by the Right Rev. David Hummel Greer, D.D., LE. D., Bishop coadjutor. Orange County is united for missionary work with Sullivan County and Ulster County under the Rev. W. R. Thomas. D.D. Rector of Highland Falls. Arch- Deacon.
THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCHES.
Grace Church, Monroe. Minister in charge, J. H. McGinnis, D.D. Nunn- ber of communicants in 1905, fifty-six. Income. 1905, between five and six hundred dollars.
St. Paul's Church, Chester. Rector, J. H. McGinnis, D.D. Income, 1905. $901.39. Number of communicants in 1899. thirty-three.
St. Daniel's Church, pre-Revolutionary, near Washingtonville, (ex- tinct).
Christ's Church, Warwick. Rev. W. M. Pickslay. Rector. This parish was admitted into union with convention, in 1866. Number of communi- cants in 1905, 130. Income, 1905, $4.305.47.
St. Mary's Church. Tuxedo. Rev. Wm. FitzSimons. Rector. Number of communicants in 1905, 242. Income. 1905, $18,054.20.
St. John's Church, Arden, N. Y. Rev. J. H. McGinnis. Minister. Re- ceived into union with convention, in 1868. In the year of 1885 communi- cants, fifty-seven. in 1905. forty. Income. 1905. $1.167.25.
632
THE COUNTY OF ORANGE.
St. John's Church, Canterbury. Rev. W. W. Page, D.D., Rector. Or- ganized, 1858, church edifices erected and opened for divine service, ad- vent, 1859. A rectory was given to the parish by Miss E. C. Purdy in 1876. Number of communicants in 1858, three, in 1863, thirty-three, in 1879, fifty-nine, in 1885, 104, in 1905, 200. Income, 1905, $1,559.
Holy Innocents, Highland Falls, Rev. W. R. Thomas, D.D. Receipts for 1905, $2,387. Communicants, 112.
St. Thomas's Church, New Windsor. Rev. Creighton Spensor. Or- ganized, April 8, 1818. Church built in 1848. Number of communicants in 1905, thirty-three. Receipts, $1,441.71.
St. Andrew's Church, Walden. Rev. Thomas G. Losee, Rector. Pres- ent number of communicants over 142. Incorporated in 1770, escaped dissolution during the Revolution.
Good Shepherd, Greenwood Lake. Rev. W. R. Thomas, D.D. In 1905 number of communicants, forty. Receipts, 1905, $1,902.80.
Good Shepherd Church, Newburgh. Rector, Rev. J. M. Chew. Organ- ized in 1872. Number of communicants, 1905, 813. Rev. Francis Wash- burn. Receipts, 1905, about $4.000.
St. Paul's Church, Newburgh. Organized 1860. Rev. James Calhoun Elliott, Rector. Number of communicants, 1905, 193. Receipts, 1905, $6,671.76.
St. George's Church, Newburgh. Rev. John Huske, Rector. Incor- porated by Royal charter, July 30, 1770. Present church built 1819. Number of communicants, 1905, 558. Receipts between seven and eight thousand dollars.
St. Agnes's Chapel, Balmville. Rev. Frederick Everet Whitney, minister in charge. Built by Mr. and Mrs. Whitney, and maintained by gifts from the communicants and members of the congregation. Number of com- municants, 1905, fifty-eight.
St. Andrew's Chapel, Montgomery. T. G. Losee. Rector. Number of communicants, 1905, twenty-nine.
St. James's Church, Goshen. Parish organized June 25, 1803. Church built about 1804, and rebuilt, 1852. Rector, Rev. George William Dum- bell, D.D. In 1812, there were six communicants, and in 1905, 222. In- come about $4,000. It appears from the records that there was an Episco- pal Church before the Revolution, at Decker's Corners. In 1843, the Rev. W. W. Page, of Goshen, preached occasionally at Middletown.
633
CHURCHES OF ORANGE COUNTY.
Grace Church, Middletown. Rector, Rev. F. J. Smithers, Jr. Parish organized, February 8. 1845. Church built, 1847. Number of communi- cants in 1885, 272. in 1905, 350. Income between seven and eight thou- sand dollars.
Grace Church, Port Jervis. Rector, Rev. Uriah Symonds. Income in 1905, between eight and nine hundred dollars. Parish organized in 1854. First church built in 1856, and the present edifice in 1870. Number of communicants in 1871. twenty-seven. in 1905. 117.
THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCHES.
The Rev. George W. Grinton, secretary of the New York Confer- ence. reports that there are at present thirty-six churches of this denomination in Orange County, with a total membership of 5,900. De- tailed reference to each appears in the various town histories of this pub- lication.
Methodism began its existence on this continent and in this county, con- temporaneously with the Republic of the United States. John Wesley, the founder of it. began his zealous propaganda in England, among the unchurched masses, in the year 1739, the year that Whitefield began his second tour of America. Independent of any effort of his. the first society of Methodists.was formed in the city of New York by some of the German Palatines from Ireland. At the conference held by Wesley, at London, in 1770, two letters were received from New York reporting a society there of about one hundred members and a chapel.
In 1784 Wesley appointed Cooke superintendent of the Methodist societies in the United States, giving the following reasons for doing so- "that as the Revolution had separated the United States from the mother country and the Episcopal establishment was utterly abolished in the States it became his duty as providently at the head of the Methodist societies to obey their demand and furnish them the means of Grace." "Recognized as their founder by the American Methodists; required by them to provide for their new necessities, and unable to induce the English prelates to do so, he ordained Cooke that he might go to America and ordain preachers." Cooke arrived in America and "ordained" Francis Ashbury first. as a presbyter and finally as a superintendent. Says Stevens. the Methodist historian: "The Colonial English Church being
634
THE COUNTY OF ORANGE.
dissolved by the Revolution, its fragments were yet floating as had been the Methodist societies amid the stirring tide of events. When Ashbury began his superintendency there was small membership and but a few itinerant preachers. When he died there were seven hundred itinerants, 2,000 local preachers and 240,000 lay members.
The first services held in this country by a Methodist itinerant, Mr. Cooper, was held in the house of Colonel Daniel McCauley at Warwick in 1706. The second at that of Mrs. A. Smith, a sister of the colonel, situated at Middlehope. Mr. Cooper also visited John Woolsey near Milton. Six weeks later, accompanied by a Mr. John McCloskey, John Cooper passed through the same section, going as far north as New Paltz, holding ser- vices at the homes of Hendrick Deyo and Andries DuBois.
In 1787 Ezekiel Cooper visited the town of Newburgh and held relig- ious services at Samnel Fowler's in Middlehope, where he established a preaching station which remained such until 1813.
In1 1788 the Methodist Conference established the Flanders circuit, which embraced a portion of this county, and put James O. Cooper in charge, with Jesse Lee, Orin Hutchins and John Lee as assistants.
In 1789 the circuit of Newburgh was created, with James D. Cromwell as presiding elder, and Nathaniel B. Mills and Andrew Humphrey as preachers. The following classis composed the circuit :
Samuel Fowler, Middlehope ; Munson Wards, Fostertown ; Jacob Day- tons, Lattingtown; Mr. Schultz. Dolsentown; Mr. Warwick, Warwick; Luff Smith, Marlborough ; Daniel Stephens, in the Clove; Richard Gar- rison, in the Clove ; Elnathan Foster, Newburgh ; Daniel Holmes, Middle- hope ; Samuel Wyatts, Keytown ; Winslow Allison, Pochunk; John Elli- sons, New Windsor; Daniel Ostrander, Plattekill; Samuel Ketcham, Sugar Loaf.
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