History of Columbiana County, Ohio and representative citizens, Part 27

Author: McCord, William B., b. 1844
Publication date: 1905
Publisher: Chicago, Ill. : Biographical Pub. Co.
Number of Pages: 912

USA > Ohio > Columbiana County > History of Columbiana County, Ohio and representative citizens > Part 27

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of Eggs Produced

Herses Owned

April, 1905

Cattle Owned

April, 1905

Sheep Owned

43,091

867

700

No. of Bushels

CHAPTER XIV.

THE COUNTY IN FOUR WARS.

The Organisations Which Marched from Old Columbiana in 1812, 1846, 1861 and 1898- The Morgan Raid Through Three Loyal States-The Final Capture of the Raiders in Columbiana County-An Eye-Witness Tells the Story of the Surrender of the Des- perate Rebel Band.

In the four wars in which the country en- gaged in the 19th century Columbiana County had an active part. In all of these wars the State furnished more than its full quota of leaders, as well as of "the men behind the guns." Among the leaders, particularly in the Civil War, Columbiana County men were con- spicuous ; and in the ranks none can truly say that the men did not do their whole duty. A higher encomium could not be paid them.

The militia of Columbiana County was mobilized in 1806. It was denominated the "First Regiment, Second Brigade, Fourth Di- vision, Ohio Militia." The roster contained 828 names, and was supposed to compose all the males in the county over 18 years of age who were subject to military duty in 1806. In the spring of that year the first muster of the first battalion occurred under Maj. Lewis Kinney. It was held on the farm of Jonah Rob- inson, situated on the Georgetown road, on the west side of the west fork of Beaver Creek. Here the militia musters were held for many years. The first muster of the second battalion under Maj. Taggart, took place on the farm of Matthias Lower in Fairfield township.

Speaking of the early operations of the militia of Columbiana County, H. H. Gregg, of New Lisbon, wrote in 1873: "As early as March 28, 1809, a call was made by the Gov- ernor of Ohio, through Major General Wads-

worth, upon Brigadier General Beall to take effectual measures to arm and equip, according to law, 144 of the militia of his brigade, and hold it in readiness to march, at a minute's warning, to meet some great national emer- gency. This emergency having passed, an or- cler was issued by Major General Wadsworth, dated Canfield, June 8, 1809, in which the troops were discharged with the thanks of the President of the United States 'to those vol- unteers whose patriotism induced them to vol- unteer their services in the defense of the lib- erties of their country.' And Major General Wadsworth cordially congratulated the de- tachment on the 'happy change in our foreign relations which has made. their services un- necessary.' "

What was the great national emergency at the time is not made clear. For this service 55 men were drafted out of the Columbiana County contingency, and formed into a battal- ion under command of Majors Keith and Mus- ser.

Mr. Gregg, already quoted, gives further account of the early military movements in the county as follows : "Of the War of 1812, Mr. Blocksom gave me some reminiscences which I will here relate. On the 18th of June war was declared, and soon afterwards Capt. Thomas Rowland raised a company of volun- teers and marched to join General Hull at De-

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troit, encamping the first night at the barn of the old Stuck farm, a mile west of New Lisbon, then owned by General Beall. When this com- pany arrived at the river Raisin, 30 miles. from Detroit, intelligence reached them of Hull's surrender, and soon a demand was made by the British for the surrender of Captain Rowland and his company. To this they re- fused to accede, retreated and returned home. Major General Wadsworth, residing in Can- field, received information of Hull's surren- der, sent an express to Brigadier General Beall, which arrived at New Lisbon about midnight of Sunday, the 23rd of August, 1812. (Gen- eral Hull surrendered August 16, 1812.) On receiving the information, General Beall aroused the male inhabitants of the town, and a meeting was held at a hotel kept where C. L. Frost now resides and keeps his grocery. Run- ners were appointed to arouse the militia of the county, and to notify the various captains of militia companies and their command, to meet in New Lisbon about Tuesday or Wed- nesday after. The county was thoroughly aroused and a large attendance of the militia took place, filling the town with a great number of people, and during the time, of course, great excitement prevailed, the greatest gathering be- ing in and around the stone house on Wash- ington street, then kept as a hotel, the depot of arms being in a log building which stood on the west side of the same lot, and but a few feet from the stone house. Mr. Blocksom was ap- pointed, and immediately started as an express to Beavertown. On his arrival, however, he found the news of Hull's surrender had al- ready reached there, and they were holding a meeting to take active measures to arouse the people of Beaver County. By Friday the militia were ready to march, and left New Lisbon, one company of volunteers commanded by Capt. William Foulks, and a company of cav- alry commanded by Capt. Daniel Harbaugh. While the excitement was at a fever heat, a horseman suddenly appeared from the direction of Hanover and announced the Indians com- ing. slaying and scalping in their course. The alarm became so great that a number of fam- ilies hastened away with their effects, most of whom passed down the west fork of Little

Beaver and crossed the Ohio into Pennsyl- vania. The rider proved a false messenger, there being no occasion for the alarm. Five or six companies of volunteers and enlisted men and three or four companies of drafted militia were furnished by the county for the defense of the frontier. Besides those already men- tioned were companies of volunteers, com- manded by Captains John Ramsey and Israel Warner, and companies of drafted men com- manded by Captains Jacob Gilbert, Joseph Zimmerman, William Blackburn and Martin Sitler, the regimental officers being Colonel Hindman and Majors Peter Musser and Jacob Frederick."

The following list of Capt. Daniel Har- baugh's company of cavalry, or light dragoons, as they were then called, is copied from the muster-roll of September, 1812: Captain, Daniel Harbaugh; Ist lieutenant, David Scott ; 2nd lieutenant, George Clarke; coronet, Mich- ael Wirtz; Ist sergeant, James Watson; 2nd sergeant, Jonathan Whitacre; 3rd sergeant, Mordecai Moore; 4th sergeant, Henry Heph- ner; farrier, John Kountz; trumpeter, Daniel Lindesmith; privates-Abner Allison, Samuel Blackburn, Andrew Forbes, Henry Aten, John Fife, David Fife, John Goble, Morris E. Morris, Philip Meis, William Moore, Thomas Moore, John McKinsey, Elemuel Swearingen, Benoni Swearingen, George Wilson, Andrew Willibury, Matthew Adams, Fisher A. Block- son, Holland Green, John McMillen, 'Edmund Keyes, Nicholas Sampson, . Thomas C. King, James Brady, Michael Croper, Martin Briden- stein, William Davis, John Hollinger, John McKaig, Joseph Woods, Samuel Swearingen, John Rogers, Alexander Rogers, Samuel Hunt, John Fults, John Marchmant, Martin Armstrong John Poe, Nathan Davis (Cap- tain's boy), Benjamin Paul, Frederick Zep- ernick, Philip Hountz and Andrew Cruthers.

Yellow Creek township furnished a num- ber of men, and there were scattering recruits from other townships in the county who served in the War of 1812, and also in the Mexican War; but as the county was not represented further in organized form in those wars, no record of their service is obtainable.

As early as 1844, Wellsville had a militia

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company, of which the town was for many years justly proud. It was known as the "Wellsville Light Artillery" and was com- manded by Capt. Henry Cope. The command numbered 51 men, carried a 12-pound Napo- leon gun, and paraded in a showy uniform, consisting of red coats, white trousers and stiff hat with a brilliant plume. They are said to have made a very imposing appearance when out on parade, and during the company's eight years existence, from 1844 to 1852, their red coats and white trousers dazzled the public at general musters, Fourth of July celebra- tions, parades and on other occasions. It was while in camp at New Lisbon that the company received orders to prepare to take the field for active service in the war with Mexico. Ar- rangements were at once set afoot for the de- parture of the company for the seat of war; but just then peace was declared, and the mem- bers of the company lost their opportunity to distinguish themselves upon the tented field. Before the day of artillery and contempor- aneous with it, Judge J. A. Riddle commanded a cavalry company attached to the State militia, with headquarters at Wellsville. In 1858 Capt. Henry Cope organized the "Wellsville Guards' with A. H. Battin as Ist lieutenant ; James T. Smith, 2nd lieutenant, and J. H. Hunter, 3rd lieutenant. Upon the breaking out of the War of the Rebellion in 1861, the entire com- mand, with one exception enlisted in the ser- vice, and went out under the three months call as a part of Company K, Third Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry.

IN THE CIVIL WAR.

It was in the War of the Rebellion-or the "Civil War," as it has come to be more com- monly designated-that the patriotic men of Columbiana County more particularly distin- guished themselves.

The Third Regiment, Ohio Vol. Inf., was raised principally in the central part of the State. Company K, however, was chiefly from Wellsville, East Liverpool and Saline- ville, Columbiana County. The regiment was mustered in for three months, at Camp Jack-

son. April 27, 1861, and before its term expired had re-enlisted almost to a man for three years, being mustered in for the second term June 20, 1861, June 21, 1861, it was ordered to Graf- ton. West Virginia, and reported there to Major General Mcclellan. It was brigaded with the Fourth and Ninth Ohio and Loomis' Michigan Battery, under Brigadier General Schleich. Its first engagement with the ene- my was at Middle Creek Fork, ( West) Vir- ginia. July 6, 1861, and afterward the regiment participated in the battles of Rich Mountain, (West) Virginia, Blackwater, Bridgeport, Perryville, Stone River, Sand Mountain, Black Warrior Creek and Blount's Farm. On the morning of May 3, 1863, at Cedar Bluffs, 22 miles from Rome, Georgia, General Forrest with his Rebel cavalry captured the brigade, which included the Third Ohio. The regiment proceeded to At- lanta, and thence via Knoxville to Richmond, where it was quartered in the open air on Belle Isle until the 15th day of May, when the men were paroled and the officers sent to Libby Prison. The regiment was soon exchanged, and subsequently one battalion of the regiment took part in the pursuit of John Morgan and. his Rebel raiders. After performing duty in various capacities, it received orders from Chattanooga, Tennessee, June 9, 1864, to re- port at Camp Dennison, Ohio, where, its term of service having expired, it was mustered out June 21, 1864. Company K, numbering 100 men, was composed chiefly, as has been said. of men from Wellsville, East Liverpool and Salineville, Columbiana County, to which 16 recruits from the same county were afterward added, 13 of whom were transferred to the 24th Ohio. The Ist lieutenant, Calvin E. Starr, from New Lisbon, was killed at the bat- tle of Perryville, Kentucky.

Company C, I Ith Regiment, Ohio. Vol. Inf., contained on its rolls 78 men from Salem, Col- umbiana County, and vicinity. It was nius- tered into the service in June, 1861, for three years. On July 7th it was ordered to the Kan- awha Valley, (West) Virginia. Arrived at Point Pleasant, July 11th, it became a part of Gen. J. D. Cox's command. It spent the fall

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and early winter in the vicinity of Gauley Bridge in raiding and scouting, participating in the engagements at Cotton Hill and Sewell Mountain. Late in July, 1862, Company C was ordered to Summerville, to reinforce a de- tachment of the Ninth Virginia, and remained there until August 18th, when the IIth was ordered to Washington, D. C., and on the 27th to Manassas Junction. In the retreat to Fair- fax Court House, the regiment acted as rear guard, distinguishing itself for "cool and de- termined bravery." The regiment afterwards took part in the battles of Frederick, South Mountain, Antietam, Hoover's Gap, Tulla- homa, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, Mis- sion Ridge, Ringgold, Buzzard's Roost, Re- saca and several minor engagements, and on June 10, 1864, proceeded to Camp Dennison, Ohio, where it was mustered out June 21, 1864, its term of service having expired. Later the veterans and recruits were consoli- dated into a battalion, which was retained in the service until June 1I, 1865, when, the war having closed, it was mustered out.

The 19th Regiment, Ohio Vol. Inf., was made up of recruits from no less than seven counties in the State, fully one-third of the regiment, however, being included in Compan- ies B, D, E, H and I. These companies were recruited chiefly from Center, Perry, Fairfield, Washington, Hanover, Middleton and Unity townships, Columbiana County. The regimeut was mustered in May, 1861, into the three months service and reorganized in September of the same year as a three years regiment. November 16th it moved to Cincinnati, and thence by steamer to Camp Jenkins, near Louisville, Kentucky, and thence, December 6th, to Lebanon. From Lebanon it marched 20 miles to Columbia. On this march a team- ster, Jacob Clunk, was run over by his team and instantly killed-the first death in the regi- ment. The regiment, reaching Columbia September 10th, was brigaded with the 59th Ohio, Second and Ninth Kentucky Infantry and Haggard's regiment of cavalry, consti- tuting the I Ith Brigade, Gen. J. T. Boyle com- manding. While at Columbia the regimeut received a beautiful silk flag as a present from

the ladies of Canton. The regiment partici- pated in the battle of Pittsburg Landing, where Major Edwards was shot dead from his horse, and Privates O. T. Powell and Horace H. Bailey, of Company C, and Corporal W. E. Gibson, of Company H, were killed, and Lieu- tenant William A. Sutherland, of Company H, was severely wounded. The regiment subse- quently participated in the movement against Corinth. The regiment reached Perryville just after the battle at that place, but joined in the pursuit of the enemy, with whom it had a running skirmish, and captured a gun with its accoutrements. Subsequently the regiment did provost duty at Gallatin for two weeks, and then joining its division passed through Nashville, and went into camp on the Mur- freesboro turnpike. On December 26th, under Maj. Charles F. Manderson, the regiment marched with the army, in its advance on Mur- freesboro. At that place, under the personal lead of General Rosecrans, Beatty's brigade charged the enemy, drove him about three- fourths of a mile and held the position until re- lieved by Col. M. B. Walker's brigade. On January 2nd, the regiment crossed Stone River with the 14th and 23rd brigades, and received the charge of the Rebels under Breckenridge. It was forced to retreat but recrossed and par- ticipated in the battle of Stone River proper. The regiment entered the battle with 449 men, and lost in killed, wounded and missing, 213, nearly one-half of its numbers. It participated in the battles of the 18th and 20th of Septem- ber, at Chickamauga, and suffered a loss, in' killed, wounded and missing, of 100 men. The 19th remained in Chattanooga during the siege, part in the charge on Orchard Knob, Novem- ber 23rd, and lost about 20 men killed and wounded. On the 25th it participated in the charge against the Rebel works on Mission Ridge, and, seizing the inspiration, climbed without orders the precipitous side of the mountain and aided in driving the Rebels from their works, losing one killed and 13 wounded. The regiment returned to Chattanooga, joined in the march to Knoxville, thence to Straw- berry Plains and Flat Creek, where, on Janu- ary I, 1864, 400 of the 19th re-enlisted as vet-

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erans. The regiment then returned to Ohio, reaching Cleveland February 16th. The 19th Regiment, Veteran Volunteers, went again to the front, reaching Knoxville March 24th. The regiment afterwards participated in the Atlanta campaign, losing, in killed, two com- missioned officers and 28 men; wounded, six commissioned officers and 96 men ; missing, 13 men. The regiment marched under General Thomas to participate in the battles against Hood; was in the reserve at Franklin, and the night after reached Nashville and participated in the battle of Nashville, following Hood's de- feated army as far as the Tennessee. During the month of February, 1865, the 19th was at Huntsville, Alabama, and then moved into Eastern Tennessee as far as the Virginia line, returning to Nashville April 25th. The 19th was mustered out of service at San Antonio, Texas, October 21, 1865, reached Columbus, Ohio, November 22nd, and was paid off and discharged . at Camp Chase November 25th.

Company C, 24th Regiment, Ohio Vol. Inf., had in its ranks 37 men from Fairfield, Middleton, Center, Elkrun and Unity town- ships, Columbiana County. It was organized at Camp Chase, near Columbus, Ohio, in June, 1861, and was composed of 10 companies, Company C being made up of men from Col- umbiana and Sandusky Counties. The regi- ment proceeded to Cheat Mountain, (West) Virginia, where it arrived August 14th, and there joined the 14th Indiana. The enemy, who were in large force 15 miles distant, on the 12th of September made a spirited attack, but after three hours' fighting were defeated and fled. October 3, 1861, in an action at Greenbrier, (West) 'Virginia, the 24th stood firm under a heavy fire of grape and shell, sus- taining a loss of two killed and three wounded. November 18th the regiment marched from Cheat Mountain, arriving at Louisville on the 28th, where it was assigned to the Ioth Brigade, Fourth Division, Army of the Ohio. The regiment participated in the battle of the Pitts- burg Landing on the 6th and 7th, where it distinguished itself. It subsequently took part in the fighting between the battles of Pitts- burg Landing and Corinth, and was among the

first regiments to enter the latter place, later joining in the pursuit of the enemy in Northern Mississippi and Northern Alabama, encamp- ing in July at McMinnville, Tennessee. It left that place September 3rd and returned to Louisville, with Buell's army during General Bragg's invasion. In October, 1862, it was assigned to the Fourth Division, 21st Army Corps. After the battle of Perryville, the 24th, after aiding in the pursuit of the enemy into the mountains, marched to Nashville. In Decem- ber, 1862, although reduced to 13 officers and 340 men, it took part in the battle of Stone River. Here four commissioned officers were killed and four wounded, and 10 privates killed' and 69 wounded-10 mortally. The regiment was in the engagement at Woodbury, Tennes- see, January 24, 1863, and later that year moved with the army against Tullahoma. It subsequently participated in the battles of Lookout Mountain, Chickamauga and Mission Ridge. After the fight at Taylor's Ridge, near Ringgold, the regiment was assigned to the Second Division, Fourth Army Corps, and was in the engagement near Dalton, where it lost in killed two, and wounded, eight, The regi- ment was mustered out at Columbus, Ohio, June 24, 1864.

The 65th Regiment, Ohio Vol. Inf., was recruited from the State of Ohio at large, and was mustered in for three years in December, 1861. It was engaged in 18 battles in Tennes- see and Georgia. It was mustered out Novem- ber 30, 1865. Columbiana County had 37 men in this regiment.

The 67th Regiment, Ohio Vol. Inf., was formed by the consolidation of the 45th and 67th, from October, 1861, to January, 1862. It was mustered in for three years. The regi- ment left Columbus for the field January 19, 1862, going into Western Virginia under Gen- eral Landor. During the early months of 1862 the regiment saw arduous service in Virginia. On the 29th of June it reinforced General Mc- Clellan on the James. At Harrison's Landing it campaigned with the Army of the Potomac until the evacuation of the Peninsula, when it went to Suffolk. Virginia, with only 300 men for duty out of the 850, which composed the

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regiment at its organization. It was trans- ferred to North Carolina, then to Hilton Head, shared in the Charleston expedition, took part in the attack on Fort Wagner, and afterward participated in an expedition into Florida. The regiment re-enlisted and returned to Ohio in February, 1864, on furlough. Returning to the field it reached Bermuda Hundred, un- der General Butler, on May 6, 1864. From that date until the mustering out of the regi- ment, the 67th participated in many engage- ments, 18 in Virginia and, South Carolina be- ing its record from beginning to end of its service. On the Ist of September, 1865, the 62nd Ohio was consolidated with the 67th, the latter regiment retaining its organization. The regiment was mustered out December 12, 1865, having been in the service a total of four years lacking six days. Twelve men from Salem were members of the 67th Regiment.

The 76th Regiment, Ohio Vol. Inf., was organized at Camp Sherman, Ohio, February 3, 1862, for three years." It proceeded via Paducah, Kentucky, to Fort Donelson, and was in the engagement at that place. March 6th it moved to the Tennessee River, thence up the river to Crump's Landing, and on the 3Ist pro- ceeded to Adamsville and took position in Gen- eral Lew Wallace's division in the right wing of the army of General Grant. It made with the division a forced march to Pittsburg Land- ing April 6th and in the ensuing battle was con- tinually under fire. It participated in a success- ful charge against the Rebels near Corinth in the latter part of April, and afterward was a part of the reserve in the advance on that place ; and after its evacuation moved to Memphis, arriving there June 17th. On the 24th of July the regiment marched to near Helena, Arkansas, where it went into camp. Upon the reorganization of the Army of the Southwest the 76th'was assigned to the Second Brigade, Third Division, commanded by General P. J. Osterhaus. It was a part of the expedition to Milliken's Bend, which captured the camp and garrison equippage of the 31st Louisiana. A detachment, comprising a part of the 76th, afterward proceeded up the Yazoo, surprised Haines' Bluff and captured four siege guns,

two field-pieces and a large quantity of fixed ammunition. The regiment returned to Hel- ena, spent one week in October in St. Gene- vieve, Missouri, and then moved to Pilot Knob, remaining there for rest and reorganization until November 12th, when it returned to St. Genevieve and embarked for Camp Steele, Mississippi, January 10, 1863. The regiment with the division of General Steele, landed at Arkansas Post and the same night marched six miles through mud and water and by two o'clock the next morning the troops occupied a position in front of the enemy. Shortly after daylight they moved upon the enemy's works, and about one o'clock the 76th charged within 100 yards of the rifle-pits, halted, opened fire and held the position for three hours, when the enemy surrendered. The regiment participated in the rout of the Rebels under. Colonel Fer- guson at Deer Creek. April 7th. Afterward, with the 15th Army Corps, it moved to Young's Point, Milliken's Bend and Hard Times Landing, reaching Grand Gulf May 6th. It was in the engagement at Fourteen-Mile Creek, and at Jackson charged the works on the enemy's left, which were soon afterward evac- uated. The regiment with the 15th Army Corps marched for Vicksburg on May 16th and on the 18th took position 600 yards from the main lines of the enemy. The batteries of the enemy in front of the 76th were silenced. and none of its guns could be manned except those of the water batteries. After the sur- render of Vicksburg, the regiment marched in pursuit of Johnston, arriving at Jackson July Ioth, and later in the month went into camp at Big Black Ridge. During October and No- vember the regiment operated in Northern Ala- bama and Tennessee: joined General Hooker in the assault on Lookout Mountain, was en- gaged at Mission Ridge, and on November 27th charged on Taylor's Ridge where it suf- fered severely. In one company of 28 men, eight were killed and eight wounded. and seven men were shot down white carrying the regimental colors. January 1. 1864. the 76th went into winter quarters at Paint Rock, Ala- bama. Before spring arrived the regiment was furloughed home, two-thirds having re-

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enlisted as veterans. The regiment' was orig- inally 962 strong, and had been reduced to less than 300. Returning to the camp at Paint Rock, the regiment proceeded to Chattanooga May 6th, moved through Snake Creek Gap on the 9th, the evening of the 14th charged the enemy near Resaca, and participated in the re- pulse of Hardee's corps on the 28th. In June the regiment moved to New Hope Church, thence to Acworth and Kenesaw Mountain, Rossville and Decatur, arriving within four miles of Atlanta July 20th. Thereafter it was in constant action through Georgia and the Carolinas, reaching Washington May 23, 1865, where it shared in the Grand Review, then pro- ceeded to Louisville, Kentucky, where it was mustered out, thence to Columbus, Ohio, where it was discharged July 24, 1865. This regi- ment participated in 24 battles; moved 9,625 miles on foot, by rail and by water ; and passed through the rebellious States of Kentucky, Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, North Caro- linà, South Carolina and Virginia; 240 men were wounded in battle ; 351 died on the field or in the hospitals; and 222 thereafter carried scars as evidence of their struggles with the enemy. Company F, 110 men of this regiment, went from Center, Yellow Creek, Elkrun, Mid- dleton, St. Clair, Liverpool, Franklin, Madison, Wayne and Knox townships, Columbiana County.

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History of Columbiana County, Ohio and representative citizens, Part 27

Author: McCord, William B., b. 1844 Publication date: 1905 Publisher: Chicago, Ill. : Biographical Pub. Co. Number of Pages: 912

Author: McCord, William B., b. 1844
Publication date: 1905
Publisher: Chicago, Ill. : Biographical Pub. Co.
Number of Pages: 912