USA > Ohio > Erie County > History of the Fire lands, comprising Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of the prominent men and pioneers > Part 13
USA > Ohio > Huron County > History of the Fire lands, comprising Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of the prominent men and pioneers > Part 13
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Brownhelm
16 00
Elyria
28 85
Danbury
18 10
Norwalk
56 90
Norwalk, (town plat) .
62 48
New Haven ..
83 40
New Haven, (town płat)
13 5016
Lyme
40 80
New London
14 65
Eldridge
31 35
Add to Sandusky City
8 65
East half of Venice
13 09
Total amount
$1,078 00
Amount of deductions as per return of Ezra Sprague. 304 52
Amount to be paid to the treasurer. 778 48
Total land tax of Huron county, in 1821, was. 7,831 68
Grand total tax for 1821. $8,605 10
Huron county, in 1821, embraced a large part of the present county of Lorain, in addition to the whole of the Fire-lands.
INTERNAL REVENUE.
During the war various plans of taxation were resorted to, in order to help defray its immense cost. The amount of money realized in this way from Huron connty, was very large. From July 1, to December 31, 1865, the internal revenue receipts from Huron county were two hundred and fifty-eight thousand and ninety-three dollars, while the receipts from Erie county for the same period were ninety-six thousand six hundred and ninety-five dollars. By far the largest amount of this was collected from the dis- tilleries located at Monroeville and Bellevue. The tax collected from them for the month of May, 1864, was one hundred and fifty-eight thousand one hund- red and sixty dollars and thirty-six cents, of which S. V. Harkness paid sixty-nine thousand one hundred and thirty-two dollars; Woodward & Littlefield, thirty- eight thousand five hundred and fifty-five dollars, and D. M. Harkness & Co., twenty-eight thousand one hundred and fourteen dollars.
The amount paid by S. V. Harkness for excise on liquors manufactured from February 21, 1863, to December 31, 1864, was three hundred and twenty- one thousand one hundred and eighty-one dollars and eighty-nine cents, and for a period of over four months-from August 11 to December 20, 1864, the distillery was not running. Of the two hundred and fifty-eight thousand and ninety-three dollars internal revenue for Huron county in the six months ending December 31, 1865, the various distillers paid one hundred and eighty-one thousand four hundred and fifty-seven dollars, the amount paid by each being as follows: S. V. Harkness, fifty-nine thousand five hundred and fifty-seven dollars; H. M. Sinclair & Co., forty-four thousand' one hundred and fourteen dollars; A. Woodward, thirty-five thousand seven hundred and forty-nine dollars; Clary & Co., twenty-two thousand six hundred and thirty-three dollars; LaBarre & Packard, thirteen thousand eight hundred and fifty-one dollars; C. P. Prentiss, six thousand five hundred and fifty-one dollars.
SCHOOL STATISTICS-HURON COUNTY.
The Huron county School statisties for 1842, are as follows:
Total amount of school moneys received during the year .. . . 8148,789 52 Number of unmarried youth between the ages of six and
twenty-one: boys, 5,542; girls, 5,083; colored youth, 72; total 10,697
Number between sixteen and twenty-one. 2.788
Number of school houses erected during the year,
6
Cost
39,026 00
Whole number of school houses
169
Value of school property ..
$244,750 00
Number of teachers employed: males, 189: females, 222;
total
361
1,056 2616
HISTORY OF HURON AND ERIE COUNTIES, OHIO.
Average wages of teachers, per month: township primary:
Males
$ 36 00
Females.
$ 23 00
Separate districts, males,
Females.
$ 35 00
Average number of weeks schools were in session: Township primary.
29
Separate districts, primary.
37
Total number of different pupils enrolled.
7,756
Average daily attendance.
1,783
Number of pupils in different branches of study:
Alphabet
842
Natural Philosophy.
50
Reading
6.775
German
312
Spelling
6,760
Algebra
289
Writing
5,354
Geometry
80
Arithmetici.
5,902
Trigonometry
Geography
3,254
Surveying
44
Grammar
2,359
Chemistry
21
Composition
1.530
Geology
Drawing
Botany
Vocal Music
1,398
Astronomy
U. S. History
369
Book Keeping .
,26
Physiology
39
Rhetoric
41
Physical Geography
127
INCOME RETURNS, 1864.
The amounts given below are in excess of the six hundred dollars exempted by law, also exclusive of all taxes, dividends on bank, railroad stock, etc. Those less than one thousand are omitted. First district embracing Norwalk, Ridgefield, Lyme, Sher- man, Peru, Bronson, Hartland, Townsend, and Wakeman.
FIRST DIVISION-HIRAM ROSE, ASSESSOR.
John Beardsley
$1,295
S. C. Perkins 1,494
Walter Bates
1,100
J A. Pattison. 2.212
G. G. Baker
1,790
D. R. Patrick 1,000
I. Banta
1,532
C. E. Pennewell 1.085
W. A Bishop
1.071
A. W. Prentiss
2,500
Henry Baker.
2,100
C. P. Prentiss
4,000
C. L. Boalt
5.414
D. H. Pease.
1,351
Nathaniel Chapman
2.500)
Isaac Powell
1,000
Samuel Clock
1.901
W. D. Roberts
2.280
H. Clary
1,327
R B. Russell
4,754
Wm. Case
2,000
J. S. Roby
1,186
O. Dole. .
1.411
Ruel Roby
1,276
J. F. Dewey
1,000
Henry Roby.
1.186
J. C. R. Eastman
1,187
Edwin Reed
2.603
John Gardiner
7.522
H. M. Sinclair 10,200
F. A. Gilbert
1 095
T. R. Strong
1,773
O. W. Head
1,000
James Sawyer
2.696
L. G. Harkness D. M. Harkness
21,000
P. H. Schuyler
3.378
W'm. Humphrey
1,500
L. A. Shepard
4.000
M. M. Hester
1,406
Isaac Underhill
1,200
N. G. Hayward
1,000
Theodore Williams
3,500
S. V. Harkness. .
120,000
D. Wheaton
1.231
G. Jacobson.
1,200
F. Wickham
1.000
A. Lindsley
1.185
S. T. Worcester.
1,439
L. Thomas
1.510
J. V. Warner
1,156
W. R. Little
2.000
Amos Woodward
20,000
H. Loeb
1,200
Edward Williams
1,856
S. B. Martin.
1.027
John Wright
3,000
C. E. Newman .
3,110
David Weaver
15,000
D. Packard
6,750
H. M. Wooster 1,500
Total amount of tax.
$30,919.57
SECOND DIVISION-JOHN BARNES, ASSESSOR.
John Barnes ..
$1 861
L, Kilburn $2,291
J. B Bissell.
2 000
R Knowlton
1,056
H C. Breckenridge
1 889
L D. King
1,060
Moses Bilstine.
1,000
E Lovell
1.108
John O. Berry
1 399
Wm. M. Mead.
1.561
R. Bevier. .
1.117
Aranson Sutton.
2 675
A. Barrett.
1.981
Alanson Sutton
2.706
J. Bremaman ..
1,001
D. W. Slocum
1,168
Z. Barrett
2 491
A. S. Sutton
1,095
N. Carl.
1,159
Philip Upp
1.004
Mrs Cubertson
1 159
H. G Washburn.
3,900
George Ganong
1.145 J Williamson.
1.012
H. Hubbard
1,068 J H Wheeler .. 1,206
S Hauxhurst.
1.049 J. C. Washburn 1 458
Samuel Hester 3 501 Ab'm Yeaman 1,500
MANUFACTURES, 18:0.
Erie Co. Huron Co.
Establishments.
אקט
206
Steam engines.
40
54
Water wheels
6
23
All hands.
2801
80
The number of horses in Erie county for about twenty years past has ranged from two extremes,
five thousand seven hundred and thirty-five in 1865, and six thousand two hundred and seventeen in 1862. Usually the number has not varied more than a hund- red from six thousand head for many years.
The number of horses in Huron county has not, in many years, greatly varied from ten thousand, the number in 1862 being ten thousand four hundred and eighty-one, and a few years after being reduced to about nine thousand six hundred.
CHAPTER XVII.
THE PRESS.
NEWSPAPERS, more properly than actors, are " the abstract and brief chronicles of the times." They not only narrate for the people of a cotemporary age the passing events, but embalm the facts of the pres- ent for the information of future generations. They put on record the present in detail, and as printing is "the art preservative of all arts," so are the newspa- pers the preservers and perpetuators of current his- tory. They are a reflex, as a rule, of the thought and action of their time; store-houses of facts and fancy; treasuries of information in regard to the morals and the men of the time in which they are edited; unfailing indexes of public opinion, and transcripts of the minds that make them.
While the editor of a newspaper shows to his read- ers the various happenings in the world, and com- ments upon them, he, unconsciously, perhaps, but nevertheless surely, exhibits his mental and moral nature, and so it happens that in turning over the yellow leaves of the old newspapers of the Fire-lands we know something of the men who were then mana- gers, and "read between the lines" the records of their lives and the peculiar traits of their character. A great work was accomplished by the pioneer jour- nalists of the Western Reserve, for they, laboring against almost every conceivable disadvantage, aided the development of the country, and each in some degree bettered the condition of its people by ad- vancing their thought, and by keeping them abreast of the world in knowledge of public affairs, politics and principles. The history of a newspaper can-
not be written. We give only the dry facts of a course of existence which in some cases has been long, and in some brief, but, we can truly say, in all, beneficial. The press in Huron and Erie coun- ties has been in the hands of meu worthy of their high office, and it stands the test of comparison with that of any similar section of country. Its record has been one of steady development. It has kept ahead and led the march of improvement. How great the growth from its pioncer days, the date of the "Ramage" press, and scanty news facilities, to the present era of enlarged scope!
We present, in the following, a brief compilation of facts in regard to the various papers of the past and present in the Fire-lands:
D. S. Humphrey
1,000
A. E. Warner
1,156
21,000
George Sawyer
3,044
$ 52 00
56
HISTORY OF HURON AND ERIE COUNTIES, OHIO.
ERIE COUNTY. SANDUSKY
THE SANDUSKY CLARION.
The pioneer newspaper of the Fire-lands was first issued upon the 24th of April, 1822. David Camp- bell, who arrived from the east about 1820, associated himself with Adonijah Champlin, his brother-in-law, who, however, never became a partner, and December 15, 1821, issued proposals and a prospeetns for the publication of the Ohio Illuminator. The proposi- tion met with favor from the very start. The business men and the citizens generally, of Huron county, took hold of the matter with spirit, and subsequently, lists were zealously circulated throughout the village and county in which it was reasonable to believe a constit- uency could be secured. The project was so warmly espoused by the people, that Mr. Campbell immedi- ately began preparations for the publication of the paper in March, as he had in his prospectns promised to do. He had his types and press on hand by the 10th, but as the subscription lists had not been re- turned, and being a very eautions kind of man, Mr. Campbell delayed the publication until he could be assured of ample support, and consequently the paper was not issned until the date above given. In the time intervening, between the inception of the idea and its realization, the pioneer editor had met with some discouraging experiences. His partner, Mr. Champlin, who had gone east, was prevented by sickness from returning, and a certain class of the people, who, then as now, have no doubt of their entire competency to eonduet a newspaper better than the editor, made objection to the name, Ohio Illuminator, as improper: and perhaps with better reason than ordinarily possesses fault finders, for the proprietor seems to have been convineed by them, and in confor- mity to their wishes adopted the name Sandusky Clarion. The initial number of the Clarion was, of. course, a folio, in size twenty-four by thirty-eight inches. It was printed upon heavy, coarse paper, in the manner of typography then common, all of the type in both reading matter and advertisements being from the same font. It was printed in a small story and a half building which stood upon the corner of Columbus avenue and Water street, which was used also as a dwelling by Mr. Campbell. Subsequently the office was removed to the " Old White store," and from thenee to the " Old Portland House " on Water street, which was burned some years after.
In stating the aim of his journalistie endeavors, Mr. Campbell spoke particularly of the deep interest that eastern people felt in the progress and develop- ment of the " Sandusky country." and said that he should " spare no pains in giving such information in regard to it as might be interesting to emigrants," adding that it would " be an agreeable task, if experi- ence shall warrant it. to correct the unfavorable reports so prevalent in the western part of New York and Pennsylvania relative to the unhealthfulness of the climate," concluding by asking information in
regard to the matter. The salutatory closed with the following paragraph, indicative of the course of the Clarion, viz: " I am more anxious to form a charac- ter for the Clarion, by the manner of condueting it, than by gratuitous promises; these general remarks may suffice, until time has developed the opinions of the editors and established the reputation of the paper."
For a quarter of a century the pioneer paper of the Fire-lands was conducted upon the plan here fore- shadowed, and with a degree of success that was creditable to the sagacity and probity of its proprie- tor. He was untiring in his efforts to establish for his paper a reputation for candor and straight- forwardness, and made it much more of a news paper than were most of its contemporary journals, even in older and better fields. It was the third on the Western Reserve-the Cleveland Herald, and the Western Reserve Chronicle, at Warren, Trumbull county, then existing. Mr. Campbell was for many years sole proprietor of the Clarion, but was from the beginning assisted in the office by his nephew, John K. Campbell. The latter finally became partner. After a few years the nephew retired and was sue- ceeded by George W., the eldest son of David. As the other two sons, Benjamin F. and Henry C., be- came of age, they were received into the concern, when the firm name was .. D. Campbell & Sons." The paper was several times enlarged, and was con- tinned, under the control of its original proprietor and his partners for twenty-nine years. Benjamin F. and Henry C. died many years ago. George W. is now, and has been, for many years past, a resident of Delaware, Ohio. The father deceased several years since (July 28, 1861).
Mr. Campbell was pre-eminently a man of honest, modest worth in private life, and in professional capacity and the combination of admirable traits made up a character which very naturally won and held the respect of the people with whom about forty years of his life were passed. He died at his residence in Sandusky, July 28, 1861, at the age of sixty-eight years.
The paper that he founded in 1822, and which was for five years the only one in the Fire-lands, was con- dueted under the name of the Clarion, until it had attained the age of twenty-five years, when it was made a daily paper, and its name was changed to the Daily Sanduskian. In the year 1851, Mr. Campbell sold the paper and printing office to Earl Bill, now clerk of the United States district court for the northern district of Ohio, and Clark Waggoner, after- wards editor of the Toledo Commercial. They pub- lished daily, tri-weekly and weekly editions under the name of the Commercial Register.
In 1852, the files of the ('lurion were consumed by fire. In 1852, Henry D. Cooke became interested in the paper and for twelve years it was published by the firm of IIenry D. Cooke & Co. In 1855, Orville J. Vic- tor entered the firm, taking charge particularly of the
57
HISTORY OF HURON AND ERIE COUNTIES, OHIO.
local and literary departments of the paper. In 1856 Messrs. Bill and Waggoner retired, and in the fall of the same year Mr. Victor also left the concern, leaving Mr. Cooke sole proprietor for a time, but in the fol- lowing year Mr. C. C. Bill became a partner. Mr. Cooke retired from the firm to become editor of the State Journal, and Mr. Waggoner to take charge of the Toledo Blade. In May, 1860, the whole estab- lishment was sold to H. C. Johnson and A. H. Agard. In 1861, Mr. Bill accepted the position of United States marshal. They sold ont in 1865 to General Nettleton and Judge Waterbury, who published the paper until March, 1869, when the interest of the former was transferred to I. F. Mack, who in com pany with Judge Waterbury conducted the Journal until the fall of 1870, under the name of the Register Printing Company. Judge Waterbury retired on the Ist of November, 1870, and from that date until 1874, when Mr. John F. Mack became associated with his brother as partner. These gentlemen con- tinue the publication of the Register under the firm name of I. F. Mack & Bro., and issue three editions of the Register-daily, tri-weekly and weekly. The paper is republican in politics, thoroughly edited, enterprising in its news departments, of good tone and high repute.
THE REPUBLICAN STANDARD
was established in 1832 by E. & J. H. Brown, but had not a remarkably long lease of life. It was de- scribed by the Reflector as being of a super-royal size; its appearance, decent: its political character, Jeffer- sonian.
THE COMMERCIAL ADVERTISER
was issued for the first time in April, 1842, by M. H. Snyder & Co. It was discontinued in the fall.
THE DEMOCRATIC MIRROR
was started in December, 1842, by William S. Mills and Sylvester Ross, the same type being used that had been purchased for the Commercial Advertiser. In 1847, John Mackey purchased an interest in this paper, and the firm of Mills, Ross & Mackey con- tinued the publication until May, 1849, when J. W. Taylor took the place of Mr. Mackey. In 1853 the Mirror establishment was sold to Joseph and Field- ing Cable, and the name of the paper was changed to The Bay City Mirror. After a short time the Cables sold out to Asa Dimmock who, after a few months, sold to Ray Haddock, Esq. The daily edi- tion was discontinued at this time. In May, 1856, Charles H. Orton, formerly of the Norwalk Experi- ment, purchased the paper, and two years later sold it to his son, T. S. Orton. The publication of the paper was suspended about a year after.
THE SANDUSKY JOURNAL.
In the fall of 1865, Messrs. A. D. Kinney and F. B. Culver opened a job printing office, and the
next year J. C. and A. D. Kinney began the publica- tion of a weekly paper called the Sandusky Journal. It was started as independent in politics, but in the Greeley movement it advocated Greeley's election, and the local candidates of that party. It is now identified with the Democratic party.
THE INTELLIGENTE BLATT.
In 1851, Messrs. Augustus Riemmele and Herman Ruep commenced the publication of the first German paper in the city, and gave it the name of the Intelli- gente Blatt. Mr. Ruep was the editor. Mr. Ruem- mele was accidentally killed on the Mad River & Lake Erie R. R., near Castalia, in September, 185t. The paper was continued by Ruep & Co. till 1859; Ruep and Frederick Kelly, editors. In the latter year, the concern was sold to Messrs. Jacob Neuert, H. Hamel- stein and Charles Bachy. J. Lippart was the editor. In November, of the same year, the concern was sold to Engle & Co., and the paper was then edited by A. Thieme and Frederick Reidling. In May, 1861, Mr. Beidling became the sole editor and proprietor. The Blatt was a democratic paper till 1854, when it became republican.
THE BAYSTADT DEMOKRAT.
In 1856, the second German paper was commenced by Louis Traub, and edited by H. Ran, and was called the Baystadt Demokrat. In the fall of the same year, it was sold to Frederick Hertel, sole pro- prietor and editor. It was democratic. In 1823, Messrs. Herte), Seun and Ernst, who were joint owners and editors, changing the name to the San- dusky Democrat. About a year ago, Mr. Ernst sold out to Mr. Senn, who is now sole owner and editor. Several other German papers have, at different times, been started, but failed to be sustained.
MILAN. THE MILAN FREE PRESS
was started in February, 1830, by Warren Jenkins, and discontinued in April of the following year, the editor removing to Sandusky where he began the pub- lication of an anti-masonic paper.
THE MILAN TRIBUNE
was published here from 1843 to 1851, by Clark Wag- goner.
THE MILAN ADVERTISER.
was first issued by its present proprietor about the first of December, 1869, as an advertising sheet until after the holidays. It was issued weekly for six weeks, and subsequently every fortnight for three months. Until the first of April it was issued for free circulation, but at that date it was made a regular publication as a five-colum folio, the subscription being fixed at one dollar per year. It was soon after enlarged to six columns, and in June, 1825, was made a seven column paper, and the price was advanced to one dol- lar and fifty cents per year. Upon the Ist of January,
8
58
HISTORY OF HURON AND ERIE COUNTIES, OHIO.
1876, the paper was changed to the quarto form and made five columns in size-just double the size at which it was started, and without further increase of price. It is now in its tenth year, and is still under the management of its original proprietor and editor, A. H. Balsley, who is also the owner, manager and editor of the Findlay, Hancock county, Jeffersonian, and the Attica, Seneca county, Journal.
HURON.
THE COMMERCIAL ADVERTISER.
The first newspaper published in Huron was the Huron Commercial Advertiser, a weekly journal is- sued January 14th, 1837, by H. C. Gray, now a resident of Painesville, Ohio. The press was de- stroyed by fire December 12, 1838. Another press was obtained, and the publication resumed March 2, 1839, and continued till April, 1842.
THE BEACON.
The publication of another weekly journal, the Huron Beacon, by Mr. Haddock, was commenced in 1853, and discontinued the next year.
THE TIMES.
Huron next had the benefit of the Huron Times, published by James L. Sweeny, but as Huron patron- age was too limited to support a literary journal of that class, Mr. Sweeny moved to Sandusky, and com- menced publishing a Sunday journal.
HURON COUNTY-NORWALK. THE REPORTER.
Here was issued, in 1827, the second paper pub- lished in the Fire-lands, the Norwalk Reporter. Its editors and publishers were John P. McArdle and Henry Buckingham. The former had, as early as 1814, published a paper at Clinton, Ohio, and later at Mount Vernon, being one of the oldest printers in the State. The Reporter was published, at a later date, by McArdle and G. T. Buckingham, under the firm name of G. T. Buckingham & Co., and was dis- continued in 1830. This paper was printed upon a Ramage press, the second that crossed the Alleghanies, obtained in England, and first used in 1794, at Wash- ington, Pennsylvania. It was afterwards removed to Sandusky, and from thence to Tiffin.
THE REFLECTOR.
The Huron Reflector, now the oldest paper in the Fire-lands, was first issued February 2, 1830. It was published at Norwalk, upon a Stanbury, and with new type (small pica), brought by wagon from Cin- cinnati for the purpose. The paper was of neat ap- pearance and large size. Its publishers and proprie- tors were Samuel Preston and G. T. Buckingham, under the firm name of Preston & Buckingham. Mr. Buckingham retired upon the 1st of August, 1831, and the publication of the paper was continued by
Samuel Preston & Co., until 1834, when the partner- ship was dissolved, and a new firm was constitued by Mr. Preston and his son C. A. Preston, by whom it was published until the death of the former in March, 1852. The paper was then published for two years by C. A. Preston and F. Wickham, when the latter gentleman became sole proprietor. John R. Osborne was connected with the paper, as editor, in 1843, and G. T. Stewart from 1848 to 1851, inclusive.
F. Wickham retained the sole ownership of the paper until 1865, when the proprietorship was changed to the firm of F. & W. S. Wickham. W. S. Wick- ham withdrew October 1, 1873, and his place in the partnership was filled by James G. Gibbs.
The Stanbury press, of which the first editors were doubtless very proud, gave place, many years ago, to an improved power press, and this again was improved upon by the introduction, in 1872, of one of the Cin- cinnati cylinder presses, of the mammoth size. An engine was put in at the same time, and the first steam printing in Huron county was performed dur- ing that year at the Reflector office. It was also in 1872 that the paper was changed in form from the old fashioned folio to a seven column quarto. The Reflector was originally independent in politics, but about 1835 espoused the cause of the whigs, and upon the formation of the republican party, became an ex- ponent of its principles.
THE WESTERN INTELLIGENCER
was started in June, 1833, by John Kernan and Myron H. Tilden, which, about six months later, be- coming the property of the latter, was removed to Milan.
THE EXPERIMENT
was first tried in 1835, the first number being issued upon August 20th, by Samuel S. Hatch and Joseph M. Farr, and having a very creditable appearance. It was democratic in politics, and bore conspicuously printed at the head of its columns the names of Mar- tin Van Buren and Richard M. Johnson, as candi- dates for the presidency and vice presidency of the United States. The paper was strongly and fearlessly edited. Up to August, 1843, the proprietorship of the paper remained unchanged, but at that time Mr. Hatch withdrew, and Mr. Farr continued alone until the fall of 1845, when he sold out to Charles J. Or- ton, Esq. Mr. Farr again became proprietor in the year 1846, and remained in possession until 1854. In this year James H. Rule and W. W. Redfield then became owners of the paper, and remained in part- nership until August 31, 1858, when Mr. Rule re- tired. Mr. Redfield remained in charge until August, 1865, when he sold out the office to I. F. & J. L. Clark. In May, 1869, the paper was purchased again by Mr. Redfield, who has since then been its exclusive owner, though the establishment was leased to Messrs. J. H. & C. H. Rule, on the 24th of May, 1815, for one year. At the end of that time Mr. Redfield again took sole control of the paper till November, 12, 1877,
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