USA > Ohio > Franklin County > Columbus > History of the city of Columbus, Ohio, from the founding of Franklinton in 1797, through the World War period to the year 1920 > Part 16
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The task of supervising women's work at the Red Cross headquarters in January, 1919, fell to Mrs. E. B. Kinkead who, in one eapacity or another, had been with the Red Cross sinee its organization for war work. The armistice put an end to the demand for surgical dressings, but there was a call for garments for the children of Franee, Belgium and Serbia, and the work of many women was continued in that partienlar for several months. Civil- ian relief, under the direction of Miss Elizabeth Long, who had succeeded Miss Evans, eon- tinued until January, 1920, as did the eanteen work at the Union Station.
The February, 1919, report of the Columbus Committee American Fund for French Wounded showed that sinee May, 1915, it had sent abroad supplies valued at $28,506.21 and money to the amount of $14,000, a total of $42,506.21. There were about 40 units in this organization and six departments with the following ehairmen: Mrs. J. H. J. Upham, Mrs. Earle Clarke Derby, Mrs. E. J. Wilson, Mrs. Silvio Casparis, Mrs. B. L. Bowen and Mrs. A. W. Mackenzie.
To President Wilson's query, October 17, "How soon ean Ohio be ready to eare for her wounded brave boys who need to be returned home for rehabilitation, where they may have the loving attention of parents and friends?" Governor Cox replied, "Ohio is ready now." The buildings of the State School for the Deaf were at onee offered for this nse, were found admirably adapted and were accepted. Plans for the transfer of the deaf pupils to other buildings in Columbus and elsewhere were made by Superintendent J. W. Jones, but were not executed, as the wounded were sent to Camp Sherman hospitals. Coineident with this, the Columbus Chapter of the Red Cross, with the backing of the War Chest Committee, began preparations for the rehabilitation of disabled soldiers and sailors and their employ- ment at money-earning tasks. A committee consisting of J. Russell Kilbourne, chairman, James E. Hagerty, Thomas J. Duffy, W. F. Maxwell, Theodore E. Glenn, George W. Gillette, A. H. Thomas, J. W. Jones, Mrs. Karl E. Burr and Miss Ann Evans was appointed to take charge of the work.
The tensity of the popular feeling in Columbus was revealed by a tremendous outburst of enthusiasm, Thursday, November 7, when the false news eame that the German commis- sioners had arrived at the headquarters of General Foch and had signed the Allied terms of armistice. The Columbus Citizen, in common with newspapers of other cities, served by the United Press, printed an extra soon after 11 o'clock a. m., announcing in flaming type the end of the war. In vain other newspapers having no such information, declared the report unconfirmed from Washington or elsewhere. Bells were rung and whistles were blown, After long effort and repression, the people would not have it otherwise. Shops, factories, stores and offices released their happy workers, and thousands joined in impromptu parades in Broad and High streets. With banners and hands and noise-making implements of all sorts, men, women and children marched. A great throng nearly filled the yard west of the Capitol and clamored for speeches from the Governor and Mayor. Time passed and there was no confirmation, though the Citizen issued other editions carrying the same news. No other information was considered except in mockery. Red Cross workers from head- quarters and the canteen joined in the demonstration. A delirium of joy swept over the city; women wept and kissed one another; men indulged in extravagant conduct. Far into the night High street was a seething mass of joyous humanity; there was ill humor with no one save those who refused to believe. It was not until the next day that these latter would be heard with patience. Then came the positive news that the armistice terms had not been signed and that the fighting was still in progress. It was a rude awakening, but the people bore it well. They had voiced their long pent-up desire for peace with vietory, and they were content.
On the following Monday, November 11, people were awakened by the blowing of whistles and ringing of hells. This time there was no mistake about it. The official an-
93
SECOND YEAR OF THE WORLD WAR
nouncement had come that the armistice terms had, that morning, and not before, been signed by the German commissioners. At once the city gave itself over to a celebration similar to that of the Thursday preceding. All day long the people marched through the streets with banners and flags and bands and bells, or looked on from sidewalk and window, shouting their joy or indicating it by the noise they made with horns, the beating or rattling of pans, cans, etc. The kaiser was hanged at several places in effigy, while other figures of him were trans- ported in coffins. The streets were thronged with noisy, happy people until midnight. At Memorial Hall there was a great thanksgiving service, conducted by the pastors of the city and shared in by the members of their congregations. Having thus given a second expression of its joy at the promise of peace, the city on the following morning resumed its usual activities.
The War Chest executive committee reported, November 1, that subscribers had paid in $1,843,196.28 and that it had appropriated for soldiers' and sailors' need, supply work, domestic and home relief and foreign relief, a total of $620,811.10 and held itself in readi- ness to contribute to the united war work campaign soon to be made, $427,000, the quota of the county, adding to it if the national quota was increased, as desired. It was then expected that there would be need to fill the chest again, but the signing of the armistice changed all that and at the end of the month the committee announced that collections would end with December, each subscriber being asked for only 75% of his full subscription for the year, and that to those who had paid in full a refund of 25% would be made. In April, however, it was decided to finance the Red Cross canteen work and civilian relief to January 1. 1920, and return the remainder to the subscribers, and so it was done in July, 1918. Thus each subscriber to the chest paid 48% of his original subscription. The total subscribed was $3,374,526.97, and the shrinkage was but 7%.
The spring of 1919 was marked by a series of ovations to the returning troops. The boys were weary of military service and many of them would have preferred to be discharged and go direct to their homes, but at the earnest request of city officials who represented the enthusiastic people, arrangements were made for some of the returning units to come.
Captain Edward Rickenbacker, whose service in the air had made him the chief of American aces, reached Columbus February 17, 1919. Known here in other years as an automobile racer, he went to France in May, 1917, as chauffeur for General Pershing. After a few months in that capacity he entered an aviation school and was commissioned as first lieutenant and later captain of his squadron which rendered a remarkable fighting service. Rickenbacker himself received official credit for bringing down twenty-six German planes and was awarded the French Croix de Guerre, the French Legion of Honor medal and the Ameri- can Distinguished Service Cross. A parade and hanquet marked his home-coming. He is the son of Mrs. Elizabeth Rickenbacker.
Distinguished service in the air-fighting was rendered by five other Columbus men, two of whom were killed. Those who made the supreme sacrifice were Lieutenant Fred Norton, son of Mr. and Mrs. Frank W. Norton, and Lieutenant Vaughn McCormick, son of Mr. and Mrs. E. W. McCormick. Lieutenant Norton was credited with bringing down six German planes and was awarded the Croix de Guerre and the American Distinguished Service Cross. He was wounded in an air fight in July, 1918, and died three days later. Lieutenant McCormick had two German planes to his credit and had been recommended for promotion for bravery and efficiency, when he was killed in action in September, 1918.
Two of the Columbus aviators were captured and held prisoners by the Germans until the armistice was signed. They are Lieutenant Walter Avery, son of Mr. and Mrs. F. E. Avery, and Lieutenant W. B. Wanamaker, son of Judge and Mrs. R. M. Wanamaker. Lieut. Avery is credited with destroying three German planes, one of them that of Capt. Mendkopf, famous German ace. He suffered a broken jaw when his machine fell within the German lines in October, 1918. He was awarded the Croix de Guerre and the American Dis- tinguished Service Cross. Lieut. Wanamaker had brought down one enemy plane in the fighting at Chateau Thierry when he was forced down with a broken leg and nose. He had then been fighting one month.
Lieut. Louis Simon, son of Mr. and Mrs. M. E. Simon, was officially credited with de- stroying four German planes. He received the American Distinguished Service Cross for heroism, September 16, 1918, and both French and American citation for exceptional bravery in action.
94
HISTORY OF COLUMBUS, OHIO
On April 5, 1919, the first troops returning from France reached Columbus-the 112th Sanitary Train, the 112th Signal Battalion and the 62nd Artillery Brigade. Many of these men were from Columbus. In the parade with them were one hundred wounded soldiers from the base hospital at Camp Sherman. They were escorted by the Chamber of Com- merce committee, the Columbus Reserve Guard and veterans of the Civil War and the Spanish-American War. High street from Naghten to Main and Broad street from High to Third were packed with cheering people, and Governor Cox spoke a welcome from the reviewing stand. The wounded were showered with flowers and cigarettes, and all had luncheon and personal greeting in the State Hease yard.
This scene was repeated on the following day when the 146th Infantry, 112th Supply Train and the 112th Engineers arrived from France and marched over the same route. The 148th Infantry had the same enthusiastic welcome on the 10th. A month later, Saturday, May 10, came the old Fourth Regiment, now the 166th Regiment, Rainbow Division, Col. B. W. Hough in command. The train was late but the enthusiasm was such that the great throngs in the street waited for hours to see their favorite regiment. Unexpectedly, in recognition of the deep popular feeling, the regiment was halted here over Sunday, the men whose homes were in the city were permitted to go to their homes; the others were quartered in Memorial Hall for the night and on Sunday were guests in different homes, the invita- tions exceeding the number of soldiers. On Monday morning, the regiment procecded to Camp Sherman for discharge.
On May 31, the 324th Field Artillery, fresh from the Rhine, came marching in their heavy uniforms in a street temperature of 102 degrees. In the regiment there were ap- proximately 500 men from this city, and the welcome was, like the others, of the greatest enthusiasm. Refreshments were served in the State House grounds, and the regiment left in the afternoon for Camp Sherman.
Col. Benson W. Hough commanded the 166th Regiment during its entire foreign service, during six months of which it was in battle contact with the enemy, participating in the engagements of Champagne, second Marne, St. Mihiel and Argonne-Meuse. The regiment also served for four months in the army of occupation on the Rhinc. It lost 400 killed in action or died of wounds, and 3500 suffered wounds, many of minor character. Eight officers and twenty-nine men returned with the American D. S. C .; six officers and twenty-four men with the French Croix de Guerre; two with the Belgian War Cross, one with the Medal Militaire and one with the Legion of Honor medal. Chaplain George Carpentier, of Aquinas College, Columbus, known as the "Fighting Chaplain," was slightly wounded during service in the Argonne. He received the American D. S. C., the decoration being conferred at a dinner in his honor, Major B. R. Hedges, of the local recruiting station, acting for the gov- ernment.
For the great Victory Loan campaign, in which Columbus and Franklin county were asked to subscribe for $10,297,750 of the bonds, elaborate preparations were made by the committee that served so effectively before. Fred Lazarus, jr., was chairman, and there were twelve divisions with a chairman for each, and a total membership of nearly 2,000 solicitors, men and women, cach of whom took the following pledge:
Realizing that the victory of our arms is not yet paid for, and in consideration of the sacrifice of the soldiers and sailors of my country who have fought to protect me, my family and property, I solemnly pledge my whole-hearted service as a worker in the Victory Loan bond campaign, and expressly agree to give all the time necessary for the Victory Loan work assigned to me during the week of the campaign; to obey all instructions; to approach no prospects not assigned to me; to sell a maximum of bonds to every one of my prospects, to the end that our boys shall not have fought and died in vain, and that Franklin county may finish the job.
The task was to sell the full quota of bonds in the week of April 20, 1919. It was accomplished, and more, the total of sales amounting to $12,773,450; number of subscribers, 35,909. Sunday afternoon there was a service, with community sing at Memorial Hall; Monday, a workers' breakfast at the Elks' Home and administering of the pledge in Broad street by a justice of the Supreme Court; Tuesday, luncheon at the Masonic Temple, Sena- tor Warren G. Harding, speaker; dedication of a new tablet on the Memorial arch, with a parade, General John C. Speaks, marshal, and an address by Admiral W. S. Sims, who also spoke with Senator Harding and Governor Cox at a subscription dinner at the Deshler
1
SECOND YEAR OF THE WORLD WAR
95
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HONOR
S
ROLL
ALDELBERT M. AGLER
MELVIN AUGUSTA
CLARENCE L ARLEDIE
CHARLES F BARKER HERBERT W. BAUER
EARL C. DATES LEO C. BECK JAMES BELLEN
JOHN ROBERT BALLINGER
ELI BATES
HERSCHEL DECKER
CURTIS G BENDER
ERNEST H. BINKLEY
MUREL R BORROR
JOSEPH S BOWMAN
BROWN
AURORA PARRY
JERRY A CHAS, MILTON BURNETT
CHARLES H BUTLER ELSIE DAVIS
ALBERT BURWELL ANTHONY J CAITO HURST V CAMPBELL
JERRY J. CALLAHAN DONALD J. CANNON OWREN V. CARR SAMUEL A CHILDS WALTER I. CLARK
DON C. CAMPBELL
JAMES A. CARR
BENJAMIN CARDOSI
HAROLD F. CASE JONH J CLARK RAYMOND COLLINS PERRY W CRABTREE ERWIN I DANFORD
RALPH S DAVIS
FRED J. DAVIS
JOHN'S TEMIN
HERBERT A DEHL HENRY DILLE
EDWARD LUCELKER HERBERT DRAKE BERNARD C DUNN
FRED EBFRI
LESMAN
THOMA EN ENRIGHT
CLARRECL F EUANS EVANS
GLENN FRIEBLEY WILBUR BRUCE EVANS JOHN L. FISCHER VERNON FLESHED
WILLLAY V. EWING JAMEY E FISHER HOPPY KELLY FRALEY EDMOND FRANCE MARION GHEER RICHARD N GLEICH EDWIN CRAESSLE HEWAERT F HANN FRANCIS L. HARPER HERPERI E: HATHAWAY
HARRY V. HAMMOND NELLIS A- HANKLESS ROLL A HARPER HARNY W HEIFNER
FRANK HERBERT
NATHANIEL HARRISON RICHARD HEERELL NORMAN W HILLDEK
RALPH HICKLE KEITH HOWAT HARRY HUEY
JOHN A. HUSTON
CLARENCE ZWAYER HENRY 1. LARKIN LAWRENCE DEASURE LESTER LINK
CILMERT THOMAS JONES ALBERT CREEN JOYCE ARTHUR H KIEFER AUPERDE ALLEN AS RUSSELL MANN THOMAS MGERLSON JOHN W. PETTERSON JOHN W ALANER ROBERT C SAGERS ST. .. HEA
E GILBERT M 5 0012 CHARLIE'S AR WEDGE JAMES ROLLIN AVERY FORVILLE L MARTIN RICHWHO -NINEHEART CHARLES W FIERCE T L ROBINSON
FRED MERTZ JAMES O'BRIEN HENRY W POWELL NOUTS ROSENBAUM THES. F SCULLY WILLIAN L. SCULLY F * SIMKLEMEYER AUGUSTUS VAUGHN
JOHN SLATTERY JE. SULLIVAN EDMUND JWALSH HALSTE A. WRIGHT ROY LEICH
WILLIAM M WILLIAMS JACK YOUNG
E GLEPSON MICARTY
EVERETT C 'M.CLLIRE FREDERICK MENER
RAYMOND W FIERCE DAVEY RUSEN
FLOYD ROSSER
LLOYD F. SCHOTT CLEMENT JOS SIMONY
NORMAN SHARITS
WM RAYMOND J SLUFE
MARSHALL STRICKLER
TGHN M TEMPLE
OSCAR WALLULT
ANDREW E WALTERS
RAY WOODSON
JOSEPH D WREGIT
JOHN A. ZIMMERMAN
RAY REESER
RICH
RAYMOND E EVANS
NELL F. LATHROP
"THAT THIS NATION. UNDER GOU. SHALL HAVE A NEW BIRTH OF FREEDOM, AND THAT GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE, BY THE PEOPLE FOR THE PEOPLE SHALL NOT PERISH FROM THE EARTH.
Soldiers' Memorial Tablet.
DEWEY THOMESUN CLYDE UNERWOUD RICHARD VICK E. BARRY WAL > HARKY OL WATKINS ALPERT WILCOX ARTHUR C. WOLTORE OSCAR E. WOCOWAR LAWRENCE YERGES EDWARD W YOUNG
WM. V. TILLILAN GEORGE GRAMLICK. COLL INSA RANDLEY PUNSELL M HARNER CHAS, HARRIS
EARL C. HENDERSON OFHELL . HERBST MICHAEL HIGGINS LAWRENCE HAVE LAWRENCE S. HUFF EARL W ISALY
CLARENCE HORCH HAROLD &, HUFFMAN EMERY JACOB
CHARLES & JEFFRIES IRVIN C KAISER
THOMAS & JONES RALPH SCOTT KENNEL CLIFF AF F. KRANER RUSSELL C. KUHN HOME-T LAWSON NELET L. LEROY
WILL MALEER CLYDE E. M CONUK IHN M CHE EARLUD MEVEY NORMAN A MORGAN HARSED TTASCHALL HAROLD'S; HAE RALPH L RUSTI GET A SELTZER HOWARDE. SHUNWAY JAMES 'M. STARADER GEORGE AVONVILLC LEONARD H. WOLPERT KALPH W LAUGHLIN VAUGHN H. MCCORMICK JAMES F MECHAN FRED NORTON
MARTINOCALLAGHAN
WALTER HATSHILL
GELMILF REICHENEVER DANIEL- & HYAN
ALMIND & MARTIN GNR MURPHY ARCHIE T. PHIL LLARFINGI: WINGHISCH ERNEST SCHALELE SAMUEL SHIRREY FRANK H STICKLEN JOHN TSCHUG
CARL W. SHEPHERD CLLADALL A STEVENS
WALTER H- STRAIT
PAUL VAN HEYTE W. E. WOLFERSPERGER
JASPER W WHITE LUATIS K. WUNG
C.G. MCCORMICK ERNEST L. MCCOY JAMES MCINTYRE EDW. J. MANGAN ELGENE C. MARTIN THEO. MERTENS EMMETT C. MILLER WM. A. MOREHAPT
EDWARD BEHM GEO ADAM BEYNON CHARLES BLOCE CLIFTON BOW
WALTER BIEDERMAN CARL A. BOHLMAN EARL BOWDEN RALPH M. BROSCHARDT FREDERICK J. BUNN GARNETT PECK WESLEY BUSH
MOSES NÉELLY THOMAS D'BOYLE FRANK O'CONNOR A. F PATTERSON COuts DICKENS
LEROY PRITCHARD WM. H. RADCLIFFE JAMES L. REINHARD CHARLES E. ROBBLYS I D. ROBINSON
DOUGLASS L. CARRIER
WH. H. CHARTER GEORGE COOPER ARTHUR D CORP C. D. CREED
VERNER DOUGLAS FRED B. DUNCAN ROBERT DUTRO
HAROLD J COURTNEY HARVEY E CRAM. LIT EVERETT DAVIDSON WN H DAVIS GROVER C. DENNIS JOHN DONNELLY JAMES H DULGAR JOHN R. EBERS! FERRY G. EPERT CHAS. T. EMOLSON RAYMOND CESEMAN CAREY K EVANY MORGAN W EVANS JOHN H. FERRALE FHILIE & FLEMING CLARENCE FROMM CLARENCE M. FUNK RAYMONDY GIESECK
LFE ROY RUDOLPH HERBERT SCAGGS IBASURE SCHEINGAEM RAYMOND & SCOTE ALBERT LEROY SEDLEY JOHN & SHARE RUSSELL SHERMAN JAGECH O SHIVELY HERMAN & SLATER JOSEPH SPARKA RUSSELL H. STEWARD C. A. STONESTREIA JOHN A. STANGL
PHILLIP P EICHENLAUB ARTHUR A. ENGLAND G. FISTLE
WILLIAM H. FILLERS BUD GENTKEY
FRANZ & SCHMITT JAMES TO SHIMERS KEYM THE 5PX005E WILFRT TROTT.
CLAWNI WATTS JOSETH A YOAKUM CUY HANDEL LONGE PANALIDTES MAL WAZUS F J MOORE A.J ORIMAN
JOHN A. BREHL GEO J. BUDD
96
HISTORY OF COLUMBUS, OHIO
Hotel in the evening; Wednesday, Thursday and Friday, workers' luncheons at Masonic Temple; Thursday, community sing, led by Karl Hoenig, at Memorial Hall; Saturday noon, coneert by the Canadian War Veterans' Band at the State House, and at 6 p. m., final report and dinner at the Masonie Temple. Great enthusiasm followed the announcement that Franklin county had again gone over the top.
The beautiful new tablet dedicated on this occasion was of solid bronze, and, as it was designed to replace the first tablet, bore the names of all Franklin county soldiers, sailors, marines and nurses who had died in the war-292 in all. An eagle at the top bore the caption "Honor Roll" and below was the inscription: "In honor of the Franklin County Boys Who Have Sacrificed Their Lives upon the Altar of Democracy." The names were inscribed in four rows and at the bottom was this quotation from Lincoln: "That this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people and for the people shall not perish from the earth."
On May 20, 1919, Columbus Masons welcomed home members of the order who had fought overseas and held services in memory of the twenty-nine members of Franklin county lodges who had died in the service. There Was a noon luncheon at the Temple for returned soldiers and sailors; a parade in which every Masonic lodge in the city was represented, General John C. Speaks, chief marshal. The memorial service was held in Memorial Hall, with John Lloyd Thomas, of New York, as the speaker. This was a fitting sequel to the incident of August 18 and 19, 1917, when at the time of the mobilization the Seioto Consistory conferred the Scottish Rite degree on 588 men who were volunteers at the camps in and about the city. "It is meet," was the explanation, "that Masons who will honor us by fight- ing for us be thus honored by us." In the number were men of all ranks in the army and five men of the navy.
The supreme service in connection with the local Red Cross chapter was everywhere conceded to have been rendered by Edward L. MeCune, secretary and director of the work at headquarters. In recognition of his unremitting volunteer service which had continued daily for two years, he was made the guest of honor by his fellow-workers at a Deshler Hotel dinner, March 24, just prior to his retirement, lauded by several speakers and pre- sented with a gold watch.
The Boy Scouts, 50 troops with a membership of 1,528, rendered a notable service dur- ing the war months. They sold bonds and war savings stamps totaling about $150,000, distributed thousands of pieces of literature, served as messengers for a dozen or more organizations, collected phonograph records and books to be sent to the soldiers and sailors, and helped in many parades.
Alexander W. Mackenzie was chairman of the British and Canadian Recruiting Mission in Columbus from January to October, 1918, when the draft arrangement with the United States Government was concluded. Aided by Sergeant George Tear, of the Canadian army and a local committee, he succeeded in sending 199 men to different branches of the service.
CHAPTER XIII. BACK TO PEACE, 1919.
War-Time Finances of Columbus- Columbus Women in Nursing Service - Large Public Gifts and Money Campaigns for Social Service Work-The Coming of Prohibition- Methodist Centenary of Missions-More Population than Houses-High Food Prices and Strikes-Special Markets and Sale of Army Food-President Wilson a Visitor- Grand Army Encampment-Municipal Election-General Pershing's Visit.
In every way Columbus and Franklin county had risen notably to the demands of the war. Not fewer than 15,000 young men had gone into the army, navy or marine service. The activities of those at home had been continuous and at times trying. The financial sup- port of the Government was greater than anybody would have dreamed possible and, after it was all over, even the best informed marveled at the showing. Up to August 1, 1919, the investments in bonds, war savings stamps and certificates of indebtedness had been as follows :
First Liberty Loan.
$ 7,519,900
Second Liberty Loan
12,553,500
Third Liberty Loan 7,780,300
Fourth Liberty Loan.
16,909,450
Victory Loan
12,773,450
Certificates of Indebtedness.
1,274,500
War Savings Stamps, 1918
5,750,000
War Savings Stamps to Aug., 1919.
780,000
$65,341,100
To this total of investments in government securities there must be added the sub- scription of $3,374,526.97 to the Community War Chest, of which $1,619,772,95 was used; n subscription of about $550,000 to the Young Men and Young Women's Christian Associa- tions; about $475,000 to the Red Cross before the War Chest was formed; $323,000 to the Knights of Columbus; $50,000 to the Big Sisters' Association; $42,000 to the Fund for French Wounded; $25,000 for the French War Orphans; $100,000 to the Salvation Army; $25,000 for the Jewish Relief Fund; $12,000 for the American Memorial Hospital at Rheims. There were funds for Italian and Armenian relief, a soldiers' tobacco fund, a soldiers' athletic fund, and many funds for the purchase of materials that went into the supplies for the soldiers, sailors and war sufferers. There were continuous appeals from national and inter- national bodies, to many of which there was response before the War Chest was organized. Churches and lodges were generous in their varied helpfulness. Income and profit taxes, paid into the United States Treasury aggregated approximately $20,000,000. The grand total paid out by Franklin county citizens on account of the war in two years is put by John G. Deshler, banker, at $88,465,649. But this computation, while it counts the full volume of War Chest subscriptions, necessarily omits a multitude of contributions of which there is no collected record. The total of investments and relief offerings will probably never be more accurately known.
By the final report of Treasurer L. M. Boda, of the War Chest Committee, it was shown that $52,009.87 was still undistributed, and the committee closed its business by turning that amount over to the American Legion chapter as an endowment for future ex-soldier and sailor relief.
There is pride in the war-time service of Columbus nurses. Promptly and cheerfully they responded to every eall from the Allied armies by way of Washington, and to those engaged in private duty and public health work as well as to hospital superintendents and officers, was presented for individual solution the difficult problem whether duty lay in going to war or staying at home. Many went, but those who remained rendered serviee as necessary, if not as thrilling.
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