USA > Ohio > Montgomery County > The history of Montgomery county, Ohio, containing a history of the county > Part 77
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PUBLIC LIBRARY.
Dayton may claim the honor of having obtained from the Legislature the first a of incorporation for a public library granted by the State of Ohio, The in- ciporators were Rev. William Robertson, Dr. John Elliott, William Miller, Enjamin Van Cleve and John Folkerth. This act was passed by the Legislature
696
HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
February 1, 1805, and the library formed under it contained a good selection books and existed for many years.
The Library Association was organized January 12, 1847, by the election the following officers : President, M. G. Williams ; Vice President, Dr Jo Steele ; Treasurer, V. Winters ; Secretary, R. W. Steele ; Directors, C. G. Swain, Thresher, James McDaniel. John G. Lowe and D. Beckel. A large sum of mon was raised by subseription, a choice collection of books was purchased, and roo! in the Phillips Building, on the corner of Main and Second streets, were express prepared and elegantly fitted up for the reception of the library. This library. connection with a reading-room, and with its winter course of lectures, was si tained for many years, and was one of the marked features of our city. A fi public library having been established, it was manifest that there was no need the library association in a city of the population of Dayton, and that the pub interests would be best served by a union of the two. In 1860, the stockhold of the library association by vote transferred their valuable library and furnitu without cost, to the Board of Education. At the time of the transfer, the office of the library association were : D. A. Haynes, President ; Wilbur Conover, V President ; I. H. Kiersted, Secretary ; B. G. Young, Treasurer ; Directors, J. Phillips, L. B. Gunckel, L. B. Bruen, Dr. John Davis and Daniel Waymire.
By the school law of 1853, a tax of one-tenth of a mill on the dollar w levied for library purposes ; but it was not until 1855 that this tax was availal At that time, the city of Dayton was entitled to $1,400 of the fund. Mr. H. Barney, the State School Commissioner, had made large purchases of books distribution, but had necessarily adapted his list of books mainly to the wants country districts. It was found that Dayton would have to accept a large nuinl of duplicates and triplicates if supplied with books out of the purchases ma for the State. It was very desirable that a committee of the board should be p mitted to select the books for the Dayton Library ; and application was made Mr. Barney for this privilege, which he promptly and cheerfully granted. T first purchase consisted of 1,250 volumes, comprising books in every departme of literature. Great care was taken in the selection of the books to meet t popular wants, and the library, small as it was, at once became a favorite with people, and was extensively used. The library was opened in the fall of 1855. a rented room on the northeast corner of Main and Fourth streets. W. H. B terfield was the first librarian. At this time the library was accessible only Saturdays, from 10 to 12 A. M. and from 2 to 5 P. M. As the numbers drawi books increased, the time was lengthened, until now the library is open ea secular day of the week from 9 A. M. to 9 P. M.
In 1856, the Legislature suspended the tax of one-tenth of a mill on the d lar, and from that time until 1866 the library was sustained and increased appropriations made by the board from the contingent fund. By coneerted acti on the part of Boards of Education of cities of the first and second class. t Legislature was indueed to pass the law of 1866, conferring power on such cit to levy a tax of one-tenth of a mill for library purposes. This tax, so insignifica to the individual tax-payer, amounting to only 10 cents on $1,000 valuation, 1880, in Dayton yielded about $2,000. As this sum is exclusively appropriaf to the purchase of books, all other expenses of the library being paid out of t contingent fund, the inerease of books each year is considerable and valuable.
The public library is an essential part of the publie school system. The o is the complement of the other. Without access to books of reference by teachi and pupils, many branches of study cannot be satisfactorily and thorough taught. The daily use of the library by the scholars, particularly of the high a normal schools, for consultation on subjects connected with their studies, is vel noticeable and gratifying.
During the month of January, 1880, 6,790 volumes were drawn from 1 library, and during the year, 60,391. In addition, 5,212 volumes were consult in the rooms. The average daily circulation was 195 volumes.
697
CITY OF DAYTON.
FREE NIGHT INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS.
Impressed with the importance in a manufacturing city of affording artisans ar others the opportunity of instruction in drawing, the Board of Education s blished, in 1877, Free Night Industrial Schools. A school of free-hand draw- in was opened in the Gebhart building, on Third street, December 17, 1877, with Jaes Jessup and Valentine Schwartz as teachers. On March 6, 1879, a seliool fnechanical and architectural drawing was added, and opened in the First J rict Schoolhouse, with Thomas A. Bisbee as instructor.
To call attention to this important branch of instruction, a public exhibition The work of the pupils was given in the City Hall. Committees of competent itens were appointed to examine and report on the work, and such results were hvn as to firmly establish the schools in popular favor. On November 11, 1880, h free-hand drawing school was removed to the large hall of the Eaker building, i Isaac Broome and Charles B. Nettleton, as instructors, and the mechanical n architectural drawing sehool continued in the First District Schoolhouse under charge of Mr. Bisbee. The city is largely indebted for the introduction of this portant branch of study to Mr. A. D. Wilt, a member of the Board of Educa- cl who deserves great credit for the persistency with which he advocated the eure until he secured its adoption. Experience has shown the great value of xe schools. The Committee on the Schools for 1880 say : "The attendance othe past year has been greater than ever, and the quality of the work, as tuted by experts appointed to examine it, has been of a highly satisfactory char- About three hundred youth and adults from every walk of life have been i ucted, many of whom are constantly using their knowledge in their daily avo- a uns, much to their own advantage, as well as to that of their employers."
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT.
A comparison of the schools at different periods of their history will forci- Illustrate the progress which has been made. Before the appointment of a superintendent of Instruction, full and reliable statistics are not found on the records fle Board. The years 1857 and 1867 are chosen because reports were published jose years by Messrs. Campbell and Parker and the facts thus made accessible. rer the present system, the completest statistics in every department are wed ded and published. As the records of the Board of Education begin in ., that year is taken as the starting point.
1842.
1857.
1867.
1875.
1880,
o enrollment ..
827
3440
4213
5238
6144
vige daily attendance.
541
1600
2809
3711
4527
u ber of teachers ..
16
45
70
98
135
b int of school fund.
$2.183
$40000
$60000
$139066
$189261
In int paid teachers. .
1583
24180
31055
75826
89906
a > of school property.
6000
75000
143000
210000
321706
The increasing proportion from period to period of the average daily attend- 1( to the total enrollment is marked, and indicates the growing efficiency of the bols. In 1857, it was forty-eight per cent; in 1867, sixty-six per cent ; in > seventy-one per cent ; in 1880, seventy-four per cent.
It is not so easy to represent to the eye the growth in other and more impor- nbarticulars. A complete system of gradation has been established, eonsist- gf a seven-years' course in the distriet schools, one in the intermediate, four 1} high, and one in the Normal School, supplemented by a large and free pub- e rary. New methods of instruction have been introduced, and, as far as they of the test of trial in the school-room, are now in use ; and such,salaries are vai teachers as to secure the services of the best and most experienced.
It would be vain to attempt to point out the distinct steps by which our
698
HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
present system of gradation has been reached. It has been a growth rather t a ereation. The principle was recognized, and, as far as circumstances would mit, praetieed at the very beginning of our sehools in 1842. At different til teachers of marked ability and large experience have been employed, who } left their impress on the sehools by bringing to them advanced methods instruction, the result of their own experience or learned in other eities. Our tem now comprises nearly all the departments which experience has shown to desirable.
Equal progress has been made in school architecture. As new buildi have been erected, no pains have been spared to introduce whatever improvem in lighting, seating, heating and ventilating experienee in our own and other ci has suggested. There are in the eity fifteen sehool buildings containing rooms, with a seating capacity for 6,479 children. The value of sehool prope belonging to the eity, as estimated by the Superintendent of Buildings, amor to $321,706.
No doubt, similar progress has characterized the schools of the other citie the State. It is matter for congratulation that boards of education everyw are encouraged by popular support to make such liberal provision for sch The progress made in the past should only ineite to greater efforts in the fut The aim should be that perfection which is ever to be pursned, but never fl attained.
As no mention could be made in the appropriate places of many of the m bers of the Board of Education and teachers, who have been influential in mo ing and giving eharaeter to our sehools, in justiee to them, the names of Presidents of the board from 1842 to 1880, of these members who have sere four or more years, and of the Principals of the schools from the beginning, given. Many of the assistant teachers are more worthy of mention than som the Principals ; but to give a few names would be invidious, and to print theml impossible.
MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION FROM 1842 TO 1880 WHO HAVE SERVED FOUR OR MORE YEARS.
W. J. MeKinney, R. W. Steele, H. L. Brown, J. G. Stutsman, L. Huesi! William Bomberger, D. A. Wareham, Wilbur Conover, W. S. Phelps, James Daniel, A. Pruden, S. Boltin, H. Elliott, Jonathan Kenney, John Howard, Joh 1 Stoppleman, E. S. Young, H. Miller, W. L. Winehell, Caleb Parker, George S. . Joseph Herhold, D. Dwyer, H. Anderson, N. L. Aull, Joseph Fischer, James berry, E. Morgan Wood, George Vonderheide, W. H. Johnson, B. F. Kuhns, F Allen, E. M. Thresher, Charles Wuiehet, D. G. Breidenbach, Thomas King George L. Phillips, Samuel W. Davies, W. S. Kemp, W. M. Murray, J. Stephans, Louis N. Pooek, C. L. Baumann.
PRESIDENTS OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION.
1842, E. W. Davies ; 1843, W. J. MeKinney ; 1844, E. W. Davies, 1H Thomas Brown ; 1846, Henry Stoddard, Sr. ; 1847, R. W. Steele ; 1848-49, 1 Brown ; 1850-61, R. W. Steele ; 1861-63, H. L. Brown ; 1863-64, Thoms Thresher ; 1864-69, H. L. Brown ; 1869-73, E. Morgan Wood ; 1873-75, Chi Wuichet ; 1875-78, E. M. Thresher; 1878-79, C. L. Baumann ; 1879-80, 3 Webster ; 1880-81, E. M. Thresher.
SUPERINTENDENTS OF INSTRUCTION.
James Campbell, Caleb Parker, Warren Higley, Samuel C. Wilson, Haneoek.
PRINCIPALS OF THIE NORMAL SCHOOL.
F. W. Parker, Emma A. H. Brown. W. W. Watkins, Jane W. Blackwood
Respectfully youre.
DAYTON.
701
CITY OF DAYTON.
PRINCIPALS OF THE HIGH SCHOOL.
James Campbell, John W. Hall, William Smith, Charles B. Stivers.
PRINCIPALS OF TIIE INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL.
William P. Gardner, Samuel C. Wilson.
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SUPERINTENDENTS OF MUSIC.
James Turpin, Charles Soehner, W. B. Hall, W. H. Clarke, F. C. Mayer.
SUPERINTENDENT OF PENMANSHIP AND DRAWING. C. B. Nettleton.
PRINCIPALS OF TIIE DISTRICT SCHOOLS FROM 1839 TO 1880.
Collins Wight, W. W. Watson, D. L. Elder, Thomas E. Torrence, Charles ajes, Edwin H. Hood, R. W. Hall, W. W. Chipman, W. I. Thurber, William Yerel, J. D. French, Charles Gaylor, Watson Atkinson, A. Stowell, John A. Smith, .Knight, W. I. Parker, Joseph McPherson, M. N. Wheaton, R. L. Mckinney, as Campbell, W. F. Doggett, Charles Rogers, William Pinkerton, W. H. But- r ld, Rufus Dutton, E. W. Humphries, A. C. Fenner, P. D. Pelton, H. Anderson, . . Leaman, William Denton. A. C. Tyler, W. F. Forbes, J. B. Irvin, E. C. Ellis, Viam Isenberg, A. P. Morgan, Samuel C. Wilson, H. H. Vail, W. H. Campbell, Cook, S. V. Ruby, S. C. Crumbaugh, H. B. Furness, N. L. Hanson, J. C. ide, James C. Gilbert, J. C. Morris, Tillie B. Wilson, Belle M. Westfall, Ella J. al, Lucy G. Brown, Esther A. Widner, A. Humphreys, C. H. Evans, W. W. Watins, W. P. Gardner, A. J. Willoughby, Charles L. Loos, Alice Jennings, ariel Peters, Solomon Day, F. Lochninger, A. B. Shauck, W. N. Johnson, I. E. I son, I. G. Brown, Carrie Miller.
Besides the schools supported by taxation, numerous other schools have ied in Dayton. It would be impossible to notice the many private schools uit have done so much for the intellectual culture of the community. Atten- u nust be confined to those which from their size, or the prominence of their inl buildings, have especially attracted public attention.
COOPER ACADEMY.
n 1844, before the establishment of the Central High School, the Cooper cemy was incorporated. The first Board of Trustees were : Samuel Forrer, I. Phillips, Edward W. Davies, Robert C. Schenck, Robert W. Steele and cord Green. The principal object of the founders was to provide a school for je torough education of their daughters at home. The Trustees of the Cooper to: donated to the Academy a large and valuable lot on First street, teling from Wilkinson to Perry streets, and a liberal subscription was made by L'as for the erection of a suitable building for boarding and day scholars. In ter, 1845, the school was opened. Mr. E. E. Barney was elected Principal, litered upon the work with the ability and energy which characterized what- one undertook. The school attained a great reputation, and attracted a large ner of pupils from abroad.
The following persons have served as Principals of the institution in the order wich they are named : E. E. Barney, Miss Margaret Coxe, Dr. J. C. Fisher, v Victor Conrad, Rev. John S. Galloway, Mrs. B. G. Galloway, and J. A. Robert, esent Principal.
he institution has sent out a large number of graduates to all parts of the aniy, and is now in successful operation, the instruction never having been nor horough and broad than under the present management.
CATHOLIC SCHOOLS.
manuel Catholic Church was founded in 1833, and from that time a school
Z
702
HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
has been tanght in eonneetion with it. The present fine school building erected in 1867. It contains six rooms, three for boys and three for girls. hundred and fifty pupils are enrolled, and the ordinary branches of study taught in German and English, with the addition of needlework for the girls. boy's are taught by the brothers of St. Mary's, and the girls by the sisters of N Dame,
ST. JOSEPH'S SCHOOLS.
St. Joseph's Church was founded in 1847 and a school opened at the same t In 1857. the Sisters of Charity purchased a building near St. Joseph's Church, R. had been ereeted for a Presbyterian Church, and opened a day academy, bo ing and free sehool. In 1863, the house adjoining the sehool was purch: and used by the sisters for a residenee. In 1868, the boarding sehool ceased the academy continued for several years when the sehool was made free to and now constitutes the girl's school of St. Joseph's Church. In 1879, the residence was torn down and a new building erected, which is joined to the se by large corridors and aleoves. Three hundred girls are enrolled in this schol
In 1873, St. Joseph's Public Sehool for Boys was ereeted at a eost for b ing and furniture of $25,000. Two hundred and fifty boys are enrolled. teachers are employed in the two sehools, one of whom devotes her time to struction in musie. The Sisters of Charity have charge of both schools. In t sehools, in addition to the ordinary the higher branehes are taught.
ST. MARY'S SCHOOL.
St. Mary's Church was founded in 1859. The first sehool building meeting the demands of the congregation, the present one was ereeted in 187 a eost of $5,300. There are three rooms for boys and three for girls; and scholars are enrolled. The ordinary branches are taught in English and Ger, The boys are taught by the Brothers of St. Mary's and the girls by the Si of Notre Dame.
HOLY TRINITY SCHOOLS.
Holy Trinity Church was built in 1860. This Church has two school ings, one for boys and one for girls. Each building has three departments six teachers are employed. Two hundred boys and two hundred and twent girls are enrolled. The boys are taught by the Brothers of St. Mary's am girls by the Sisters of Notre Dame.
SCHOOL OF THE SISTERS OF NOTRE DAME.
The Sisters of Notre Dame established a school in Dayton in 1849, 01 corner of Ludlow and Franklin streets. Their objeet was the care and educ; of orphans, but not receiving a sufficient number they opened boarding and schools, and also took charge of the parochial schools of Emanuel Parish. some years eircumstanees having ehanged, the sehools in the house were give and the Sisters took charge of the sehools of Holy Trinity Parish in 1860, a." St. Mary's in 1870. The number of pupils trained in the eity by the Siste about six hundred. The house at the corner of Ludlow and Franklin stred used by them as a residenee.
The description of the Catholie schools is not as complete as could be de There are no published reports from which to draw and full information coul be obtained. The enrollment of scholars may not be perfectly accurate, some cases it was reported as "about" the number given.
Having thus passed in review the educational history of Dayton, it ma well to summarize the whole to aseertain how far the youth of the eity avail selves of the exeellent facilities afforded for instrnetion.
By the sehool eensus of September, 1879, the number of youth in the between the ages of six and twenty-one years was 11,660; the number be
703
CITY OF DAYTON.
-
ci:and sixteen years, 8,693. On this basis, Mr. Hancock, the Superintendent of Pilic Schools, estimates the school attendance of the city as follows : " The en'nerators reported at the time of taking the school census 5,439 pupils in the otlic schools, 214 in private schools, and 1.333 in church schools. If we add te per cent for subsequent additions to the last two classes of schools, we shall ha for the total enrollment of the day schools of the city :
In the public schools .5,902
In private schools. 235
In church schools. 1,466
Total. 7,603
Of the pupils in the public schools four per cent were sixteen years of age nabove. Applying this standard to all the schools, we should have as a total i'llment 304 pupils of that age, leaving 7,299 as the number enrolled be- wn six and sixteen. This would be eighty-four per cent of all the youth Therated between those ages, leaving sixteen per cent of the youth of what is specially considered the school age, who were not in school for a single day."
It relieves this dark picture somewhat to reflect that a considerable number f hpils leave school before reaching the age of sixteen, to engage in work, and many who are embraced in the sixteen per cent of non-attendance may have tered substantial benefits from the instruction afforded in our free schools. The eprable fact, however, remains that notwithstanding the abundant provision wap for the education of the youth of the city, large numbers are unreached. elbol reports from all our cities reveal an equal or greater percentage of non- t dance. How to reach and reform the evil is an unsolved problem. Compul- 'r'laws have proved inefficient, and the only remedy appears to be an enlight- public sentiment, which shall brand as a disgrace and a crime the neglect of prent to provide for the education of his children.
ST. MARY'S INSTITUTE.
This institution had its origin in the year 1849, when Rev. L. Meyer, a priest, eber of the Society of Mary, whose mother house is located in Paris, France, n to Dayton to assist Rev. H. D. Juncker, who was afterward Bishop of Alton, out then pastor of Emanual Church in this city. Father Meyer had u brother teachers sent from France to teach in this country ; two were en- - gł in teaching in Cincinnati, and three were not employed. It was to give e teachers employment, and Dayton a better school than she had, that the vend gentleman conceived the idea of establishing St. Mary's Institute. The oid (100 acres) upon which the school is located, was purchased of John ult, a Scotchman, and was formerly owned by Hon. Charles Anderson. On och of March, 1850, two of the Brothers arrived here from Cincinnati, one of a(, Rev. M. Zehler, is still connected with the institution, and the third one on e Ith of the same month to take charge of the farm. On the 19th of March, of e me year, the deed was made, and as Rev. L. Meyer had no money to pay on s urchase, he handed Mr. Stuart a small medal of St. Joseph, saying, "St. h will pay." Mr. Stuart, soon after selling the property, left for Europe, and rothers took entire possession of the premises. In June, 1850, a school was eid for day scholars, the number being about thirty-seven. September, of the m'year, boarders were admitted, and the boarding-school, that was begun with velapil, Joseph Greulich, numbered in the years from 1870 to 1875, over two in'ed. Rev. L. Meyer, in 1853, purchased 12 acres more of land, which was in errporation and adjoining the original purchase. In 1854, he built an addi- why the former house, and all was prosperous and doing well, when, in Decem- «T. 355, a fire broke out, which destroyed the old as well as the new building, so he jothers, with their Superior, were without a home, and a debt of $12,000 hanhg over their heads, as they had paid nothing on the principal, and had no
704
HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
insurance on the buildings. The community lodged first in a house in to that was newly-built and without doors or windows. August, 1856, they began rebuild the old house, and this was acomplished as time and means would mit. In 1857, the school was re-opened and well patronized. In November, 1 Rev. L. Meyer was recalled to France, where he opened an orphan asylum at Ken Alsace. Before leaving he paid off all the original debt to Mr. Stuart, and left property unincumbered. The number of pupils increasing, the directors saw t they were obliged to build again. The buildings then existing (1864) wer chapel, 32 by 60 feet ; the main building, 40 by 80 feet, and another wing so 30 by 60 feet ; and to this latter was added a building extending east 40 by feet, with a basement, and two stories for schools and slecping-rooms. In IS another separate building, 40 by 60 feet, was erected for a dwelling-house for community and the candidates. In 1868, the church was built, 50 by 123 f and 40 feet from floor to ceiling ; and it was pronounced by the Most Rever Archbishop Purcell, on divers occasions, as being one of the nicest churches in diocese. There was erected, in 1870, actual Institute building, 70 by 164 1 four stories high, with a Mansard-roof. It is built in a very substantial man and cost $62,000. The lower floor is occupied by two large study-halls, two lors, refectory, kitchen and store-room. There is a corridor on each floor, ten wide, with stairs of easy ascent, with iron plates covering the steps at each en the building that lead to the different stories of the building. The ground ! is taken up by eight class-rooms and eight private rooms. On the third t there are two sleeping rooms and three rooms for infirmary use ; also, wardr washing room, music and singing rooms. The fourth story is one vast hall. tending over the whole building, used as a sleeping room. There is a large tank, of about one hundred barrels capacity, to supply the washing-rooms on third-floor; and in case of fire, by means of hose the floors can be flooded. amusement hall consists of four different divisions-first, a floor, 60 by 110 on solid ground ; then 60 by 58 feet on a floor for quiet amusements. The b. house consists of twelve small rooms, provided with a window, bath-tubs, faucets for cold and warm water. The upper story is frame, and is the exhibi hall, where the pupils give entertainments from time to time during the year. expenses for construction were $10,500, and the buildings are all complete paid for. In 1862, Rev. L. Meyer was succeeded by Rev. John Courtes, who mained in charge until 1864, then succeeded by Rev. J. N. Reinbolt, the pre Superior Provincial of the Institution. The first Superintendent was the Rev Zehler, familiarly known as Brother Zeller, who served in that capa until 1876, when he asked of his Superiors to be relieved of bis ( of responsibility. He was succeeded by Rev. Francis Feith, and in I he by Rev. George Meyer, who is yet in office. The school is now der the direction of the following named; Rev. Father J. N. Rein Superior Provincial ; Rev. Father George Meyer, Director of Instituto ; Father John Issler, Master of Novices, and Rev. Fathers N. Nickels and Beyrer, supported by an able corps of teachers. There are two departm namely, Normal and Collegiate, the former exclusively for the training of tea. for the Brotherhood or Society of Brothers. The system of instruction is ough and embraces a complete commercial and classical education. Music, ing and the higher arts are also taught. In the Normal department are now rolled abont one hundred and forty seholars, and in the Collegiate depart one hundred and thirty-three, forty of whom are day scholars. The instituti self-supporting.
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