USA > Pennsylvania > Bucks County > History of Bucks County, Pennsylvania: From the Discovery of the Delaware to the Present Time (Volume 1 and 2) > Part 58
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APPENDIX.
Family 2. Campanulaceae Juss.
Campanula rotundifolia L. Harebell. On rocks along the Delaware.
Campanula rapunculoides L. European Bellflower. Hilltown.
Campanula aparinoides Pursh. Marsh Bellflower. In wet meadows.
Campanula Americana L. Tall Bellflower. Along the Delaware; Forks of the Neshaminy, Dr. E. Newlin Williams.
Specularia perfoliata (L.) A. DC. Venus' Looking-glass. On dry banks.
Lobelia cardinalis L. Cardinal-Flower. In wet soil.
Lobelia syphilitica L. Blue Cardinal-Flower. In wet soil.
Lobelia spicata Lam. Pale Spiked Lobelia. In fields and thickets.
Lobelia inflata L. Indian Tobacco. In fields and thickets.
Lobelia Nuttallii R. & S. Nuttall's Lobelia. Near Bristol; Tullytown, I. C. Martin- dale.
Family 3. Cichoriaceae Reichenb.
Cichorium Intybus L. Chicory. In fields and waste places.
Adopogon Virginicum (L.) Kuntze. Cynthia. In woods and meadows.
Adopogon Carolinianum (Walt.) Britton. Dwarf Dandelion. In dry soil.
Tragopogon porrifolius L. Oyster Plant. Salsify. Sellersville; Tullytown; Doyles- town, Prof. A. S. Martin.
Taraxacum Taraxacum (L.) Karst. Dandelion. In fields and meadows.
Taraxacum erythrospermum Andrz. Red-seeded Dandelion. In fields and woods.
Sonchus oleraceus L. Sow-thistle. In fields and waste places.
Sonchus asper (L.) All. Spiny. Sow-thistle. Bristol.
Lactuca Scariola L.' Prickly Lettuce. Quakertown; Sellersville, Prof. A. C. Rutter; near New Hope, Dr. E. Newlin Williams.
Lactuca Canadensis L. Tall Lettuce. In moist grounds.
Lactuca Canadensis montana Britton. mountain Lettuce. Point Pleasant, Dr. N. L. Britton.
Lactuca hirsuta Muhl. Red Wood-Lettuce. In dry soil.
Lactuca sagittifolia Ell. Arrow-leaved Lettuce. In dry soil.
Lactuca villosa Jacq. Hairy-veined Blue Lettuce. In thickets.
Lactuca Floridana (L.) Gaertn. Florida Lettuce. Near Argus.
Lactuca spicata (Lam.) Hitchc. Tall Blue Lettuce. In moist soil.
Crepis tectorum L. Narrow-leaved Hawksbeard. Sellersville.
Hieracium venosum L. Rattlesnake-weed. In woods and thickets.
Hieracium Canadense Michx. Canada Hawkweed. Near Riegelsville. Hieracium paniculatum L. Panicled Hawkweed. In dry woods.
Hieracium scabrum Michx. Rough Hawkweed. In woods and thickets. Hieracium Gronovii L. Hairy Hawkweed. In dry soil.
Nablus altissimus (L.) Hook. Tall White Lettuce. In woods and thickets.
Nabalus albus L. Hook. Rattlesnake-root. In woods and thickets.
Nabalus serpentarius (Pursh) Hook. Lion's foot. Barrens near Point Pleasant, (M. C.).
Nabalus trifoliolatus Cass. Tall Rattlesnake-root. In the county, (P. Fl.)
Family 4. Ambrosiaceae Reichenb.
Ambrosia trifida L. Great Ragweed. In rich soil.
Ambrosia trifida integrifolia (Muhl.) T. & G. Bitter-weed. In moist soil. ,
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APPENDIX.
Ambrosia artemisiaefolia L. Ragweed. A weed in cultivated fields.
Xanthium spinosum L. Spiny Clotbur. Opposite Trenton, (M. C.); near Bristol; Doylestown.
Xanthium glabratum (DC.) Britton. Smoothish Clotbur. In waste places. Xanthium Pennsylvanicum Wallr. Pennsylvania Clotbur. Sellersville.
Xanthium echinatum Murr. Beach Clotbur. Near Sellersville.
Family 5. Compositae Adans.
Vernonia Noveboracensis (L.) Willd. New York Iron-weed. In meadows. Vernonia glauca (L.) Britton. Broad-leaved Iron-weed. In the county, (P. Fl.). Eupatorium maculatum L. Spotted Joe-pye Weed. Tullytown; Bristol. Eupatorium maculatum amoenum (Pursh) Britton. Bristol.
Eupatorium purpureum L. Joe-Pye Weed. In wet meadows.
Eupatorium sessilifolium L. Upland Boneset. In middle and lower end.
Eupatorium verbenaefolium Michx. Vervain Thoroughwort. Near Bristol; Spring- field, (M. C.).
Eupatorium rotundifolium L. Round-leaved Thoroughwort. Near Bristol. Eupatorium perfoliatum L. Boneset. Thoroughwort. In wet meadows. Eupatorium ageratoides L. f. White Snake-rooto. In rich woods.
Eupatorium coelestinum L. Mist-Flower. Lower end, I. C. Martindale. Willugbaeya scandens (L.) Kuntze. Climbing Hempweed. Frequent in swamps. Lacinaria spicata (L.) Kuntze. Button-Snakeroot. Ridge Valley.
Chrysopsis Mariana (L.) Nutt. Maryland Golden Aster. Near Bristol; Glenlake. Solidago squarrosa Muhl. Ragged Goldenrod. Point Pleasant; Argus. Solidago caesia L. Blue-stemmed Goldenrod. In woods and thickets.
· Solidago flexicaulis L. Broad-leaved Goldenrod. In rich woods. Solidago bicolor L. White Goldenrod. In dry soil.
Solidago hispida Muhl. Hairy Goldenrod. Near Sellersville; Buckingham, Dr. Ida A. Keller; Doylestown, Prof. A. S. Martin.
Solidago speciosa Nutt. Showy Goldenrod. Nockamixon, Albrecht Jahn.
Solidago sempervirens L. Sea side Goldenrod. Penn Valley, Joseph Crawford.
Solidago odora Ait. Sweet Goldenrod. Andalusia, I. C. Martindale. Solidago rugosa Mill. Tall Hairy Goldenrod. In dry soil.
Solidago patula Muhl. Spreading Goldenrod. Swamp in Springfield, (M. C.). Solidago ulmifolia Muhl. Elm-leaved Goldenrod. In woods and thickets. Solidago neglecta T. & G. Swamp Goldenrod. Bristol; Penn Valley.
Solidago juncea Ait. Early Goldenrod. Near Sellersville, Doylestown, A. S. Martin. Solidago arguta Ait. Cut-leaved Goldenrod. In rich woods.
Solidago serotina Ait. Late Goldenrod. Along fences in rich soil.
Solidago serotina gigantea (Ait.) A. Gray. Giant Goldenrod. In moist soil.
Solidago Canadensis L. Canada Goldenrod. In rich soil.
Solidago Canadensis scabriuscula Porter. Rough Canada Goldenrod. Near Sellers- ville.
Solidago nemoralis Ait. Field Goldenrod. In dry soil common.
Solidago rigida L. Stiff Goldenrod. Near Pipersville; near Sellersville.
Euthamia graminifolia (L.) Nutt. Bushy Goldenrod. In moist soil.
Euthamia Caroliniana (L.) Greene. Slender Fragrant Goldenrod. Tullytown. Sericocarpus linifolius (L.) B. S. P. Narrow-leaved White-topped Aster. Near Bristol; Doylestown, Prof. A. S. Martin.
Sericocarpus asteroides (L.) B. S. P. White-topped Aster. In dry woods.
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APPENDIX.
Aster divaricatus L. White Wood Aster. In open woodlands and thickets. Aster Claytoni Burgess. Clayton's Aster. Argus.
Aster Schreberi Ness. Schreber's Aster. Rockhill, Prof. W. Reiff Nauman.
Aster macrophyllus L. Large-leaved Aster. In shaded woodlands. .
Aster cordifolius L. Blue Wood Aster. In woods and thickets. .
Aster cordifolius polycephalus Porter. In the county (P. Fl.). Aster Lowrieanus Porter. Lowrie's Aster. Argus; Nockamixon; Rockhill.
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Aster Lowrieanus lancifolius Porter. Lance-leaved Lowrie's Aster. Argus; Rock- hill.
Aster Lowrieanus Bicknellii Porter. In the county, (P. Fl.).
Aster sagittifolius Willd. Arrow-leaved Aster. Bedminster; Haycock; Springfield. Aster undulatus L. Wavy-leaved Aster. In dry soil.
Aster patens Ait. Late Purple Aster. In dry woods.
Aster phlogifolius Muhl. Thin-leaved Purple Aster. Rockhill.
Aster Novac-Angliae L. New England Aster. Chiefly along the Delaware, (M. C.). Aster puniceus L. Purple-stem Aster. In swamps and meadows.
Aster puniceus firmus (Nees) T. & G. In the county, (P. Fl.)
Aster puniceus Crawfordii Porter. Tullytown, Joseph Crawford.
Aster prenanthoides Muhl. Crooked-stem Aster. Pipersville; Three-mile-run.
Aster prenanthoides porrectifolius Porter. Long-leaved aster. Three-mile-run. Aster laevis L. Smooth Aster. In dry soil.
Aster laevis amplifolius Porter. Rockhill.
Aster dumosus L. Bushy Aster. Along Deep Run, (M. C.).
Aster salicifolius Lam. Willow Aster. Sellersville.
Aster paniculatus Lam. Panicled Aster. Sellersville; Buckingham, Albretcht Jahn.
Aster Tradescanti L. Tradescant's Aster. Along the lower Tohickon, (M. C.).
Aster ericoides L. White Heath Aster. In dry soil.
Aster lateriflorus (L.) Britton. Starved Aster. In dry or moist soil.
Aster lateriflorus thyrsoideus (A. Gray) Sheldon. Rockhill township.
Aster vimineus Lam. Small White Aster. Rockhill; Point Pleasant.
Aster multiflorus Ait. Dense-flowered Aster. Durham, J. A. & H. F. Ruth; Upper Black's Eddy, Dr. E. Newlin Williams
Erigeron pulchellus Michx. Robin's Plantain. In meadows and on banks.
Erigeron Philadelphicus L. Philadelphia Fleabane. Along the Delaware; Argus.
Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. Daisy Fleabane. In fields.
Erigeron ramosus (Walt.) B. S. P. Daisy Fleabane. In fields.
Leptilon Canadense (L.) Britton. Horse-weed. In fields and waste places.
Doellingeria umbellata (Mill.) Nees. Flat-top White Aster. In moist soil.
Doellingeria infirma (Michx.) Greene. Cornel-leaved Aster. Near Pipersville; Sel- lersville: Rockhill; Bristol, I. C. Martindale.
Ionactis linariifolius (L.) 'Greene. Linear-leaved Aster. In dry soil. Gifola Germanica (L.) Dumort. Herba Impia. Bedminister.
Pluchea camphorata (L.) DC. Salt-marsh Feabane. Bristol, Elias Diffenbaugh.
Antennaria neodioica Greene. Smaller Cat-foot. Nockamixon, Dr. T. C. Porter; Rockhill: Penn Valley; near Sellersville.
Antennaria neglecta Greene. Field Cat'sfoot. In fields and pastures.
Antennaria plantaginifolia (L.) Richards. Plantain-leaved Everlasting. In open woods.
Antennaria Parl'nii Fernald. Parlin's Cat's-foot. Tullytown, (P. Fl.).
Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. & Hook. Pearly Everlasting. Dry soil.
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APPENDIX.
Gnaphalium obtusifolium L. Fragrant Life Everlasting. In dry open places. Gnaphalium uliginosum L. Low Cudweed. In damp soil.
Gnaphalium purpureum L. Purplish Cudweed. In dry soil.
Inula Helenium L. Elecampane. In fields and along roadsides.
Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) B. S. P. Ox-eye. False Sunflower. Near Telford; Nock- amixon, Albrecht Jahn.
Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. Eclipta. Along the Delaware; Quakertown, Dr. Joseph Thomas.
Rudbeckia hirta L. Black-eyed Susan. Yellow Daisy. In fields.
Rudbeckia fulgida Ait. Orange Cone-flower. Ridge Valley; Rockhill; Nockamixon.
Rudbeckia laciniata L. Tall Cone-flower. In moist thickets.
Helianthus angustifolius L. Swamp Sunflower. Tullytown.
Helianthus giganteus L. Giant Sunflower. In swamps and wet meadows. Helianthus divaricatus L. Woodland Sunflower. In dry woodlands.
Helianthus tracheliifolius Mill. Throatwort Sunflower. In the county, (P. Fl.).
Helianthus strumosus L. Pale-leaved Wood Sunflower. In dry woods.
Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke. Native along the Delaware.
Coreopsis rosea Nutt. Rose Tickseed. Near Bristol, I. C. Martindale.
Coreopsis lanceolata L. Lance-leaved Tickweed. Andalusia, a waif, I. C. Martin- dale.
Bidens laevis (L.) B. S. P. Smooth Bur-Marigold. In wet meadows ..
Bidens cernua L. Nodding Bur-Marigold. Tullytown; Aquetong, Lower Solebury. Dr. E. Newlin Williams.
Bidens connata Muhl. Swamp Beggar-ticks. In swamps or moist soil.
Bidens comosa (A. Gray) Wiegand. Leafy-bracted Tickseed. In moist soil.
Bidens bidentoides (Nutt.) Britton. Swamp Beggar-ticks. Along the Delaware in the lower townships, I. C. Martindale.
Bidens frondosa L. Black Beggar-ticks. In moist soil.
Bidens vulgata Greene. Tall Beggar-ticks. In moist soil common.
Bidens bipinnata L. Spanish Needles. In moist rich soil.
Bidens trichosperma (Michx.) Britton. Tall Tickseed Sunflower. Bristol.
Galinsoga parviflora Cav. Galinsoga. Quakertown; Andalusia, I. C. Martindale.
Galinsoga parviflora hispida DC. Hispid Galinsoga. Point Pleasant; Sellersville. Helenium autumnale L. Sneezeweed. In wet places.
Achillea Millefolium L. Yarrow. Milfoil. A weed in moist soil.
Anthemis Cotula L. Mayweed. Fetid Camomile. In fields and waste places.
Anthemis arvensis L. Corn Camomile. Point Pleasant; Sellersville; lower end, I. C. Martindale.
Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum L. Ox-eye Daisy. White-weed. In pastures, fields and waste places.
Chrysanthemum Parthenium (L.) Pers. Common Feverfew. In waste places. Tanacetum vulgare L. Tansy. In fields and along roadsides.
Artemisia annua L. Annual Wormwood. Nockamixon, Dr. T. C. Porter. Artemisia vulgaris L. Common Mugwort. In waste places.
Petasites Petasites (L.) Karst. Butter-bur. Upper end townships, (M. C.).
1 Erechtites hieracifolia (L.) Raf. Fire-weed. In thickets and waste places.
Mesadenia atriplicifolia (L.) Raf. Pale Indian Plantain. Point Pleasant; Lower Sole- bury, Dr. E. Newlin Williams.
Senecio obovatus Muhl. Round-leaved Squaw-weed. On banks and in moist soil, along the Delaware at Nockamixon, and Durham.
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APPENDIX.
Senecio Crawfordii Britton. Crawford's Squaw-weed. Tullytown. Senecio Balsamitae Muhl. Balsam Groundsel. In dry or rocky soil. Senecio aureus L. Golden Ragwort. In streams and wet meadows.
Senecio aureus gracilis (Pursh) Britton. Slender Golden Ragwort. In wet meadows, Sellersville.
Senecio vulgaris L. Common Groundsel. Sellersville; Andalusia, I. C. Martindale. Arctium minus Schk. Common Burdock. In waste places.
Carduus lanceolatus L. Common Thistle. In fields and waste places. Carduus altissimus L. Tall Thistle. Plumsteadville; Sellersville. Carduus discolor (Muhl.) Nutt. Field Thistle. In fields and along fences. Carduus odoratus (Muhl.) Porter. Pasture Thistle. In fields.
Carduus muticus (Michx.) Pers. Swamp Thistle. In swamps and moist soil. Carduus arvensis (L.) Robs. Canada Thistle. A pernicious weed in fields. Centaurea Calcitrapa L. Star Thistle. Near Tullytown.
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BIRDS.
AN ENUMERATION OF THE BIRDS FOUND IN BUCKS COUNTY DUR- ING THE WHOLE OR PART OF THE YEAR.
BY JOSEPH THOMAS, M. D., QUAKERTOWN, PA.
Bucks county, in common with other districts of the state, and, in fact, the whole country, has suffered a serious decimation of her feathered denizens by the hand of man. This has been occasioned in various ways. The march of civilization, transforming the face of the county by cutting down and removing the timber growth, once so abundant here, and subjecting the soil to tillage, has destroyed, or at least materially circumbscribed, the haunts of many of our native birds that once made the forest vocal with their song. Like the American Indian, against whom civili- zation has waged a constant and relentless warfare, even to extermination in many cases, so the birds have suffered indiscriminate destruction from the same ruthless foe; the sportsman for pleasure, the ignorant farmer from mistaken motives of protecting his crops, and the thoughtless urchin from promptings of wantonness and mischief, as well as others, actuated by a desire of gain, have contributed like- wise in diminishing the number of birds, formerly so numerous. Unmindful of the mischievous consequences of destroying these ministers of beneficence to man, his hand has been staid only when, comparatively recently, our legislature sounded a truce by enacting laws forbidding the destruction of insectiverous birds, and per- mitting certain game birds to be shot at specified periods in the year. To repair in a measure the damage done in the past, it was found expedient a few years ago to send abroad and import the English sparrow to aid in extinguishing the insect pest that had become such a nuisance. Fifty years or more ago, when Wilson, Audi- bon, and others traversed our woods and fields to study and describe our native fauna, many species of birds, now rare and only occasionally seen within our borders, were ob- served in great abundance.
In 1683 William Penn, Proprietary and governor of Pennsylvania, wrote to the committee of the Free Society of Traders residing in London, in relation to some of the resources of the province, as follows: "Of living creatures, fish, fowl, and the beasts of the wood, there are divers sorts, some for food and profit, and some for profit only. For food, as well as profit, the elk, as big as a small ox, deer bigger than ours, beaver, raccoon, rabbits, squirrels; some eat young bear, and commend it. Of food of the land there is the turkey, forty and fifty pounds weight, which is very great, pheasants, heath birds, pigeons and partridges in abundance. Of the water,
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APPENDIX.
the swan, goose, white and grey, brant, ducks, teals; also the snipe and curloe, and that in great number, but the duck and teal excel, nor so good have I ate in other countries."
Geographically considered, this county is very favorably located for the abode of a great and diversified number of species of birds, either as resident or visiting. The Delaware river, with tide-water, forming the boundaries for a long stretch on the north-east and south along the border of the county, with numerous creeks emptying into it, furnishes a resort for a great variety of water birds, some of which reside and breed here, while others remain only temporary, in their spring or autumn migration. Among the latter may be included some of the salt water birds, or those that frequent the sea-coast, such as the gulls, terns, sandpipers and ducks. A considerable tract of country, especially in the upper end of the county, in Nockamixon, Haycock, the Rockhills and Milford, being still wooded and com- paratively little changed from its primitive condition, affords the undisturbed and solitary haunts so favorable to many species of birds, and hence in these locations are still found in considerable numbers rapacious birds, warblers, etc., rarely seen in other places.
In presenting a catalogue of the feathered fauna of the county, it has been considered proper to include in the list, according to the arrangement and nomen- clature of Baird, all the species of birds that are known to have been seen within its limits, embracing as follows: Ist, those resident the entire year; 2d, those resi- dent only during the warm and genial months of the year, breeding here but mi- grating south in the autumn, to return again at different periods in the spring; 3d, those resident here in the winter only, migrating further north at the approach of spring; 4th, those making only a temporary stay of a few weeks with us, in their migration north in the spring and south in the fall; and 5th, those that are occa- sional visitors only.
There are comparatively few species of birds remaining with us the whole year, for even in this climate most of them are excluded from an adequate and proper supply of food during the winter season, for then insect life, upon which many of them feed exclusively, is dormant and unattainable; and our streams, from which some obtain subsistence, are frozen over. They are, hawks, owls, downy wood- pecker, butcher bird, song sparrow, cardinal grossbeak, rose-breasted grossbeak, meadow lark, the common crow to some extent, blue jay, pheasants, partridge, and a few others. Those of the second division are quite numerous, and constitute largely the birds seen here throughout the summer season, among which may be named the cuccoos, the woodpeckers, humming bird, chimney swallow, whippoor- will, night hawk, kingfisher, the family of flycatchers, thrushes, robin, blue bird, black and white creeper, several of the warblers, red start, scarlet tanager, the swallow, purple martin, the vireos, cat bird, the wren, American creeper, finch, thistle bird, sparrows, indigo bird, reed bird, ground robin, cow bird, black birds, orioles, purple grackle, common dove, herons and bitterns, plovers, killdeer, woodcock, snipe and sandpipers, some species of duck, etc. The third division embraces prin- cipally the following birds: Snow bird, shore lark, tree sparrows, nuthatches, the titmouse, titlark, and perhaps a few others. The fourth includes most of the warblers, the kinglets or crowned wrens, some of the flycatchers, lesser red poll, some of the sparrows, fox-colored sparrow, English snipe, some of the ducks, wild pigeon, etc. The fifth takes in the snow bunting, goshawk, the snowy owl, turkey buzzard. the bald eagle, golden eagle, fish eagle, red-cockaded woodpecker, large-billed water thrush, rough-winged swallow, wax wing, Bewick's wren, Lapland long spur,
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APPENDIX.
the cross bills, Lincoln's finch, white heron, night heron, purple sandpiper, some of the duck and grebe families, etc. It is probable that a few other species of birds, not named in the list, may at irregular intervals visit within the limits of the county, but sufficient reliable data are not furnished to establish it. The English sparrow, introduced into this country a few years ago from England, has become firmly es- tablished, and it is now abundant in nearly all parts of this county.
CATALOGUE.
. I The Turkey Buzzard, (Cathartes Au- ra.) Occasionally seen, though formerly much more frequently.
2. Pigeon Hawk, (Falco Columbarius.) Occasionally seen in different parts of the county.
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3. Sparrow Hawk, (Falco Sparverius.) Frequent summer and winter.
4 Duck Hawk, (Falco Anatum) Rare and along the Delaware and larger streams.
5. The Goshawk, (Astur Atricapillus.) A handsome bird; very rare; oc- casionally seen in winter coming from a more northern latitude.
6. Cooper's Hawk, (Accipiter Cooperii.) Frequent throughout the county.
7. Sharp-shinned Hawk, (Accipiter Fus- cus.) Frequent throughout the county.
8. The Red-tailed Hawk, (Buteo Bore- alis.) Frequent and resident.
9. The Red-shouldered Hawk, (Buteo Lineatus). Frequent and resident.
10. Broad-winged Hawk, (Buteo Penn- sylvanicus.) Frequent.
II. The Rough-legged Hawk, (Archi- buteo Lagopus). Frequent through- out the county.
12. The Black Hawk, (Archibuteo Sancti Johannis. ) Rare.
13. The Harrier Marsh Hawk, (Circus Hudsonius.) Rare.
14. The Golden Eagle, (Aquila Canaden- sis.) Rare, but seen occasionally in Nockamixon, along the Narrows, and 'n Haycock township.
15. The Bald Eagle, (Haliaetus Leuco- cephalus.) Rare; the writer has one alive that was shot and
wounded slightly three years ago along the Narrows.
16. The Fish Hawk, (Osprey Pandion; Pandion Caroliensis.) Occasionally seen along the larger streams.
17. The Barn Owl, (Strix Pratincola.) Occasionally seen and resident.
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18. The Great Horned Owl, (Bubo Vir- ginianus.) Frequent and resident. The Screech Owl, (Scops Asio.) Frequent and resident.
20. The Long-eared Owl, (Otus Wilson- ianus). Occasionally seen and res- ident.
21. The Short-eared Owl, (Brachyotus Cassinii.) Frequent and resident. 22 The Barred Owl, (Syrnium Nebu- losum.) Rarely seen, but resident.
23. Saw-whet Owl, (Nyctale Acadica.) Rare.
24. The Snowy Owl, (Nyctea Nivea.) Occasionally seen; large and beau- tiful; a visitor from a more north- ern latitude.
25. Yellow - billed Cuckoo, (Cocyzus Amerocanus.) Common; breeding here.
26. Black-billed Cuckoo, (Coccygus Ery- throphthalmus.) Common; breed- ing here.
27. The Hairy Woodpecker, (Picus Vil- losus). Variety medius; not in- frequently seen.
28. º The Downy Woodpecker, (Picus Pu- bescens.) Common.
29. The Red-cockaded Woodpecker, (Pi- cus Borcalis.) Very rarely seen; belongs farther south.
30. Yellow-bellied Woodpecker, (Sphy- rapicus varius.) Frequent.
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APPENDIX.
31. Black Wood Cock-Log Cock, (Hy- latomus Pileatus.) Occasionally · seen.
32. Red-bellied Woodpecker, (Centurus Carolinus.) Occasionally seen.
33. Red-headed Woodpecker, (Melaner- Des Erythrocephalus. ) Common and in mild seasons remaining through the winter. .
34. Flicker-Yellow-shafted Woodpeck- er, (Colaptes Auratus) Common.
35. Ruby-throated Humming Bird, (Trochilus Colubris.) Common ; this is the only species of Hum- ming Bird (a numerous family) perhaps properly resident in the United States east of the Missis- sippi river.
36. Chimney Swallow, (Chaetura Pelas- gia.) Abundant ; migratory.
37. Whippoorwill, (Anthrostomus Voci- ferris). Frequent; breeding here. 38. Night Hawk, (Chordeiles Popetue.) Common; breeding here.
39. Common Belted Kingfisher, (Ceryle Alcyon.) Frequent along streams.
40. Kingbird, Bee Martin, (Tyrannus Carolinensis.) Common through- out the county.
4I. Great-crested Flycatcher, (Myiar- chus Crinitus.) Common; breeding here.
42. Pewee, (Sayornis Fuscus.) Com- mon; breeding here.
43 Wood Pewee, (Contopus Virens.) Common; breeding here.
44. Olive-sided Flycatcher, (Contopus Borealis.) Very rare; belongs farther north.
45. Trail's Flycatcher, (Empidonax Traillii.) Seen occasionally.
46. Least Flycatcher, (Empidonax Mini- mus.) Common; breeding here.
47. Small Green-crested Flycatcher, (Empidonax Acadicus.) Occasion- ally seen.
48. Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, (Empid- onax Flaviventris.) Frequent breed- ing here.
49. Wood Thrush, (Turdus Mustelinus.) Abundant throughout the county.
50. Hermit Thrush, (Turdus Pallasii.) Frequent.
51. Wilson's Thrush, (Turdus Fusce- scens.) Frequent throughout the county.
52. Olive-backed Thrush, (Turdus Swainsonii.) Frequent.
53. Robin, (Turdus Migratorius.) Abundant and occasionally, in mild winters, some remaining with us throughout the year.
54. Blue Bird, (Sialia Sialis.) Abund- ant; the earliest of the migratory birds here in the spring.
55. Ruby-crowned Wren, (Regulus Cal- endula.) Frequent in spring and autumn.
56. Golden-crested Wren, (Regulus Sat- rapa.) Frequent in spring and autumn.
57. Tit Lark, (Anthus Ludovicianas.) Occasionally seen in the winter.
58. Black and White Creeper, (Mniotilta Varia.) Frequent; breeding here.
59. Blue Yellow-backed Warbler, (Pa- rula Americana.) Frequent; breed- ing here.
60. Maryland Yellow Throat, (Geoth- delphia.) Occasionally . seen.
61. Morning Warbler, (Geothlypis Phil- lypis Trichas.) Frequently seen.
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