USA > Pennsylvania > Bucks County > History of Bucks County, Pennsylvania: From the Discovery of the Delaware to the Present Time (Volume 1 and 2) > Part 61
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CAPTAIN DARRAH'S COMPANY, BUCKS COUNTY MILITIA, COLONEL WILLIAM ROBERTS' BATTALION, SEPTEMBER 21, 1778.
Captain, Henry Darrah.
Privates-David Davis, Benjamin Butler, Joseph Thomas, Morgan James, Samuel Borgy, Robert Ewer, Alexander Forman, William Morris, Peter Kip- pard, John Harvey, Henry Ruth, George Caingell, James Weir, Thomas Mathews, Andrew Stinson, Christian Khoar, John Law, Conrad Swartzlander, Joseph Griffith, Isaac James, Peter Kippard, Jr., Robert Morrison, John Miller, John Lapp, Jeremiah Vastine, John James, Alexander More, Joseph Matthews, Amos Griffith, Henry Rosenberry, Thomas James, Mathey Law, Tobiah Shull, William James, Andrew Ruth, George Shipe, Abraham Coffin, John Sprogell, Owen Swarts, John James, Joseph Robeson, James Griffin, Lewis Lunn, Simon James, John Ruth, John Davis, Esq., Christian Etherholt (probably Otherholt,) Abiah Butler, Jacob Shirer, Christian Ruth, Jonathan Drake. Wil- liam Griffith, Abraham Ruth, John Weir, Benjamin Griffith, Philip Ecker- man, Edward Williams, Jacob Miller, William Thomas, John Kisler, Charles Dunlap, Samuel Mason, Isaac Williams, Jacob Creaton, John Thomson, Isaac Lapp, Samuel Harvey, Joseph Lunn, Stephen Bartain, Andrew McCreary, Owen Thomas, Robert Flack, Thomas Jones, Frederick Kippard, Mark Fraley, Jeremiah Dungan, Samuel Griffith, David Caldwell, William Hare, John Edo- nard, Benjamin Mathews, George Tidesyler, Eleazer James, Zachariah Tiddro, Harry Ruth, Ludwig Stricknard, William McVey, Richard Lewis, Christian Miller, Chrystian Clymer, Benjamin Brown, Garvin Stevens, Robert Jones, John Mason, Andrew Harvey, Jacob Swartz, John Gardner, William Wright, Philip Miller, Isaac Thomas, Christian Swartz, Robert Thomson, James Hack- ley, David Thomas, James Haslett.
CAPTAIN BENNETT'S LIGHT DRAGOONS.
Captain, Jacob Bennett; lieutenant, Jacob Forst ; cornet, John Shaw.
Privates-John Horner, William Ramsey, Joseph Hart, Jr., Thomas Hughes, Stacy Taylor, Gabriel Vansant, Peter Roberts, William Bennet, John Shannon, James Leddon, Robert Mernes, Jacob Kentner, John Armstrong, William McConkey, Daniel Martin, Nathaniel Burrows, John Roberts, Joseph Sacket, Jr., George Mitchell, George Fell, John Torlbert (probably Torbert), John McCammon, Aaron Hagerman, Jesse Brittain, Benjamin Yeoman, Rob- ert Craige, Thomas Wilson.
I do certify that the foregoing is a true state of the cavalry for the county of Bucks, June 18, 1781. (No signature.)
On roll of Captain Abraham Miller's Company, Northampton County Riflemen, was the name of Samuel Dean, Bucks county; in 1776 appointed
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APPENDIX.
lieutenant of Colonel Hart's Battalion, Flying Camp, subsequently lieutenant of Eleventh Pennsylvania.
Herhemon, John; wounded in the jaw at Long Island; drafted into the commander-in-chief's guard, 1778; in 1810 resided in Warrington township, Bucks county.
Col. Arthur St. Clair's Regiment, Second Pennsylvania Line: Chaplain, McCalla, Rev. Daniel, of Warwick, Bucks county ; appointed January 16, 1776; captured at Three Rivers, June 8; died in Charleston, S. C., May, 1809. Sprague's Annal, Vol. 1, page 320.
Col. John Shea's Regiment, Third Pennsylvania: Graydon, Alexander, commissioned captain January 5, 1776, Bucks county; taken prisoner No- vember 16, 1776; parolled July 7, 1777; exchanged April, 1778; first protho- notary of Dauphin county, 1785; author of "Graydon's Memors;" died at Philadelphia May 2, 1818, aged sixty-seven.
Byles, Thomas Langhorne, Bucks county, commissioned January 5, 1776; captured November 16, 1776; exchanged March 1, 1778; promoted major Third Pennsylvania June 8, 1777. This company was partly raised in middle and lower Bucks.
Colonel Anthon Wayne's Fourth Pennsylvania: Lacey, John, commis- sioned captain January 5, 1776; commissioned brigadier-general January 9, 1778. This company was partly enlisted in Bucks county.
Col. Robert Magaw's Fifth Pennsylvania: Beatty, John, Warminster, Bucks county ; commissioned captain January 5, 1776; promoted major Octo- ber 12, 1776. Priestly, John, Bristol, Bucks county; commissioned first lieu- tenant January 6, 1776; taken prisoner November 16, 1776; exchanged October 25, 1780; entitled to captain's commission January 1, 1778.
Van Horne, Isaac, Solebury ; commissioned ensign January 8, 1776. Murray, John, sergeant, Bucks county, parolled December 26, 1776. Wallace, sergeant, Warrington; parolled December 26, 1776. Forsyth, Robert, corporal; pro- moted December 26, 1776.
Privates-Aiken, Robert, Warminster, parolled December 26, 1776; Banks, John, New Britain, paroled December 26, 1776; Bell, Thomas, Bristol, paroled December 26, 1776; Boone, Ralph, Bristol, paroled December 26, 1776; Boone, Solomon, escaped or absent, sick; Breton, Joseph, Bristol, paroled December 26, 1776; Carrigan, Joshua, Bristol, died a prisoner in New York, December 15, 1776.
KELLER'S BATTALION OF MILITIA.
Lieutenant Colonel Keller's Battalion of Militia, in service in the fall of 1781, consisted of eight companies, a total of 677 men, of which the rolls of three companies are to be found: Lieutenant colonel. John Keller; captains, Garvin Adams, Marcus Yost, Elias Yoder, Richard Stillwell, John Thomas, Daniel Hogland, William Erwin, Robert Patterson.
Captain, Robert Patterson ; lieutenant, Philip Slack; ensign, Shaw; ser- geants, Abraham Thompson, John Stotts, Nathan Cadwalacier ; corporals, John Dun, Robert Christy, Robert Green ; drummer and fifer, Michael Ruiz.
Privates-Samuel Huston, Edmund Nutt, Robert Shaw, William Parker, John Whitehead, James Guy, Jyles Ramsey, Abram Parker, Jacob Vandegrift, John Clark, William Wheaton, Anthony Rue, James Horsfield, Matthew Hill, Jonathan Hibbs, Jonathan Obdike, Joseph Jay, Patrick McOwing. Isaac I.ar- rew, Peter Barnet, Charles Fetters, Philip Sypler. Harmon Titus, Daniel Sev- erns, John Stackhouse, Abraham Lott, Isaac Brelsford, Samuel Roberson,
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APPENDIX.
Barnet Vandegrift, Benjamin Woodland, Garret Vandegrift, Joseph Catter, Daniel Lawrence, Robert Wood, James Rowing, Thomas Kreger, David Davis, Benjamin Vandegrift, Samuel Menrow, George Ransom, Josia Supple, George Stockdam, Daniel Stotts, Thomas Vandegrift, Edward Williams, Jesse Jack- son, Edward Burns, Jeremiah Ward, Jacob Vandegrift, Richard Gehean, John Moreford, Reuben McCoy, Jacob Titus, Samuel Boonn, Jacob Fight, Wil- liam Race, Joseph Vanhorn, Henry O. Harrow, John Kilby, Thomas Brelsford, Joseph Vanshiver, Richard Goslin, Amos Brelsford, Matthew Rue, Thomas Brown, William Winner, William Kinsey, Edward Bradfield, James Shaw, John Tully, George Brown, George Vansant, George Douglass, John Dun- haven, John Thornton, John Blundin, Jasper Moon.
Company mustered October 11, 1781.
CAPTAIN WILLIAM ERWIN'S COMPANY.
Captain, William Erwin; lieutenant, William Flack; sergeants, Joseph Brooks, Ludwick Worman, Christopher Erwin ; corporal, John Rentner ; drum- mer and fifer, Jacob Hole.
Privates-William Campbell, Jacob Fox, Nicholas Wagner, James Tem- pleton, James Davis, James Wallace, William Means, Robert Stewart, Abel Shynock, William Winters, Cornelius Vanderbolt, William Bell, John Hole, Hammon Yorkers, Robert Ramsey, Henry Kulp, Baltas Crow, Jacob Evert, George Bell, John Burgan Conrad, Anthony Hanly, Thomas Duroth, George Bennet, John Miller, Daniel Yunken, John Fundirastock, Joseph Shaw, James Begs, Charles Lyer, James Cambell, James Braden, Samuel Hart, Joseph Shep- herd, John Anglemire, Thomas Crage, William Miller, William Custart, Leonard Strouse, Christopher Strouse, John Callouan.
Mustered October 11, 1781.
CAPTAIN RICHARD STILLWELL'S COMPANY.
Captain, Richard Stillwell; lieutenant, William Gore; ensign, Dennis Dayly ; sergeants, Timothy Taylor, Jr., Samuel Launsbury, Henry Presler, Hugh Glanahan, drummer and fifer.
Privates-Joseph Margerum, Mahlon Brown, Joshua Thackary, Amos Thackaray, Richard Yardley, John Shaver, Alexander Richey, Cornelius Slack, John Slack, James Mathues, William Gold, Jeremiah Lambert, Patrick Her- kins. Thomas Richey, William Hickey, Robert Blaney, John Twining, William Brown, Elijah Evans, James McMorris, Benjamin Anderson, John Dirck. John Hess, William Murfit, Jonathan Phillips, William Margaram, David Larew. Joseph Wood, Benjamin Wright, David Wile, James Vansant, Jonas Fox, Jacob Vansant, Thomas Longshore, John Duly, Damon Price, David Sullivan, John Baly, Thomas Buchanan, Benjamin Buchanan, James McMinn.
Mustered October 11, 1781.
SEVEN MONTHS' MEN, 1782.
Captain Carter's Company-William Doughty, John Thomas. Captain Adams' Company-Francis Lee. Peter Bellesfelt. Captain Hart's Company-Henry Donnelly. Charles Jones. Captain Williams' Company-Nathan Felherby, William Earl.
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APPENDIX.
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Captain Jamison's Company-James Smith, Nathan Roberts. Captain Neeley's Company-John Davis, Joseph Parker. Captain Leffert's Company-Stephen Gilbert, William Vansciver. Captain Walker's Company-Hendrew Oasman, Simean Bedel. I do certify that the above are the names of the 7 mo. men who were en- listed out of the respective companies above set down, and I believe all served except Wm. Earl, who did not, and cannot be entitled to any pay. September ye 20th, 1782. (Signed) JOSEPH HART, Lieut. B. C. To William Scott, Paymaster to the Militia.
The return of the five militia regiments of Bucks county, in service May 6, 1777 : First colonel, Hugh Tomb; second, Arthur Erwin ; third, John Keller ; fourth, William Roberts ; and fifth, Joseph McIlwain. Their strength, officers and men, was 5 colonels, 5 lieutenant colonels, 5 majors, 40 captains, 119 subal- terns, 160 sergeants, 40 drummers, 40 fifers, and 2,791 privates, a total of 4,205. During the summer and fall of that year 18 companies, with the aggregate strength of 695 , were stationed at Bristol and Billingsport.
Sometime during the Revolution, but the date is not given, a company of horse was organized here, with the following commissioned officers: Cap- tain, Thomas Sandford ; lieutenant, Walker Willett; cornet, George Geran. This is all we know of the organization. As "Willett" is a Bensalem and South- ampton name, the company was probably from the lower part of the county.
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COMPASS.
VARIATION OF THE COMPASS IN BUCKS COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.'
The magnetic declination, or as it is commonly called by the surveyor and the mariner, the variation of the compass, is the angle between the true north and south line and the magnetic north and south line as defined by the compass needle. Now it has been found by observation that the direction of the compass needle is constantly changing and that in general it is different at different places at the same time. Thus at Philadelphia a century ago the declination was about 2 degrees West, while it is now nearly 8 degrees West, showing a change of almost 6 degrees interval. At the present time the declination in the United States varies from 20 degrees West in Maine to 23 degrees East in Washington. As until quite recently all land surveys were traced by means of the compass, it is imperative that the surveyor should know what changes have been taking place in the direction of the needle in order to successfully retrace the lines of old surveys.
The numerous fluctuations to which the compass needle is subject have been discussed in various publications of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, the material having become available as the result of special or other magnetic observations. The reader is referred to those publications for a more detailed treatment of the subject of Terrestrial Magnetism.2
The fluctuations of most importance to the surveyor are known as the solar-diurnal variation and the secular variation. The diurnal variation is peri- odical and is completed in 24 hours. At about 8 A. M. the north end of the needle reaches its extreme easterly position for the day and from that time moves to the west until about I P. M., when the westerly extreme is reached ; then the motion is reversed and the needle moves slowly to the east until ap- proximately the same position is reached the next morning from which it started. Between 10 and II A. M. and between 6 and 7 P. M., the needle reaches its average position for the entire day of 24 hours. The following table derived from five years of continuous observations at Philadelphia, end- ing June 30, 1845, shows for each hour from 6 A. M. to 6 P. M., and for each month of the year the amount by which the needle differs from its average po- sition for the day. A plus sign indicates that the needle is to the East, a minus sign to the West, of its average position for the day (24 hours).
I This chapter has been specially prepared for this book by the Division of Terres- trial Magnetism of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey.
2 See e. g., Appendix I, Report for 1895 and Appendix I, Report for 1896. Copies of these can be had by application to the "Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey "
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APPENDIX.
MONTH
6 A. M.
7 A. M.
8 A. M.
9 A. M.
10 A. M. | 11 A. M.
NOON
January .
+0'.6
+1'.2
+2'.1
+2'.5
+1'.6
-0'.3
-2'.3
February
+1.2
+1.9
+2.5
+2.5
+1.5
-0.2
-2.0
March
+1.8
+2.9
+3.7
+3.4
+1.8
-0.6
-2.7
April.
+2.6
+3.5
+4.0
+3.4
+1 .5
-1.1
-3.6
May
+3.7
+4.7
+4.7
+3.2
+0.8
-1.9
-4.1
June
+3.9
+5.0
+5.1
+3.8
+1.2
-1.7
-4.0
July
+4.2
+5.4
+5.4
+4.0
+1.5
-1 .5
-3.9
August
+4.7
+5.7
+5.5
+3.7
+0.6
-2.9
-5.4
September
+3.5
+4.5
+4.5
+2.8
-0.1
-3.2
-5.2
October
+1.3
+1.7
+2.2
+1.9
+0.8
-0.8
-2.6
November
+1.2
+1.7
+1.9
+1.5
+0.4
-1.1
-2.3
December
+0.7
+1.0
+1.4
+1.6
+1.1
-0.3
-1.9
MONTH
1 P. M.
2 P. M.
3 P. M.
4 P. M.
5 P. M.
6 P. M.
January
-3'.4
-3'.3
-2'.5
-1'.5
-0'.9
-0'.6
February
-3.0
-3.0
-2.4
-1.7
-1.2
-0.8
March
-3.9
-3.9
-3.2
-2.3
-1.6
-1.0
April
-5.1
-5.2
-4.3
-3.0
-1.8
-0.9
May
-- 5.1
-4.9
-3.9
-2.5
-1.2
-0.4
June
-5.0
-4.8
-3.8
-2.6
-1.6
-0.9
July
-5.3
-- 5.4
-4.5
-3.3
-- 2.0
-1.2
August
-6.3
-5.5
-3.8
-2.0
-- 0.9
-0.5
September
-5.5
-4.5
-3.0
-1.7
-0.8
-0.3
October
-3.2
-3.0
-2.2
-1.1
-0.3
+0.4
November
-2.8
-2.6
-1.9
-1.2
-0.6
-0.1
December
-3.0
-3.0
-2.3
-1.3
-0.6
-0.1
This table applies equally well to any part of Bucks County and may be used for correcting observations made at any hour of the day to the mean value for the day. It will be seen that the daily range is about twice as large in summer as it is in winter.
The secular variation of the magnetic declination is a change extending over a long term of years. Whether it is periodic, like the diurnal variation can- not be said at present, as our accurate information does not cover sufficient length of time to determine whether the needle actually does retrace its path after a long interval. Assistant Charles A. Schott of the Coast & Geodetic Survey has made a special study of this subject and the results of his latest in- vestigations are published at Appendix No. 1 of the Report for 1895. The secular variation of declination in Bucks county during the past two centuries may be derived from observations at South Bethlehem between 1742 and 1897, Jamesburg, N. J., between 1761 and 1887, Harrisburg between 1795 and 1895, Hatboro between 1680 and 1850 and Philadelphia between 1701 and 1895, dis- cussed in the above Appendix. These observations indicate that the declina- tion was probably at its maximum sometime during the last half of the Seven- teenth century from which time it decreased steadily until the minimum was reached in the first decade of the present century. Since then it has been in- creasing again at first slowly and then with greater rapidity until the annual change amounted to about 4'.7 per year. It is still (in 1900) increasing though at a reduced rate, about 3 minutes per year, and it is expected that a maximum value will again be reached in about twenty-five years.
The following table may be used for any part of Bucks county, for finding, by differences, the change in magnetic declination or variation of the compass between any two dates since 1680.
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APPENDIX.
TABLE FOR DETERMINING THE AMOUNT OF CHANGE IN THE DIRECTION OF THE COMPASS NEEDLE FOR ANY PART OF BUCKS COUNTY, BETWEEN 1680-1910.
1680
Jan. 1st.
7º 59' West
1800
Jan. 1st. ..
2º 01' West
1690
".
7 57
..
1810
2 02
1700
7 43
1820
2 17
1710
7
18
1830
..
2 42
1720
6
43
1840
3 17
1730
6 02
1850
..
3 58
1740
..
..
4
29
..
1870
..
5
31
1760
3
44
1880
6
16
1770
3
04
1890
8
56
1780
2 32
:
1900
7
28
1790
..
2
11
=
1910
7
49
If, for example, it is desired to know the change of the compass direction between July 1, 1757, and August 15, 1900, we find from the table that the compass has changed from three degrees, fifty-five minutes W., at the early date to seven degrees, twenty-nine minutes at the later date, or has moved from 1757 to 1900 three degrees and thirty-four minutes to the West.
The few observations available indicate that the distribution of magnetism in Bucks county is quite irregular and this conclusion is borne out by geological formation, as shown in a paper by B. S. Lyman, in the "Journal of the Franklin Institute" for October, 1897. The general direction of the lines of equal mag- netic declination (isogonic lines) is north and south and the declination in- creases from west to east. The following results of observations at Doylestown are taken from the Annual Report of the Secretary of Internal Affairs of Penn- sylvania for 1887.
OBSERVER
DATE
DECLINATION
FROM TABLE
DIFF.
J. Watson Chase
Sept.
6, 1852
4º 20' W.
4º 10'
+10'
Benj. S. Rich ..
6, 1852
4 30
4 10
+20
Chas. Thompson
14, 1852
4 15
4 10
+ 5
Fred. G. Hillpot
16, 1852
4 15
4 10
+ 5
David W. Hess.
20, 1852.
4 20
4 10
+10
Jno. D. Balderstone.
Dec. 17, 1852
4 25
4 12
+13
Josiah K. Storer.
Jan.
10, 1853
4 15
4 12
+ 3
Jno. D. Balderstone
Apr. 17, 1871
5 25
5
37
-12
Fred. G. Hillpot
22, 1872
5 15
5
41
-26
Josiah K. Storer
30, 1872
5
10
5
42
-32
J. Watson Case
27,1875
5
32
5 55
-23
Chas. Thompson
May
7, 1875
5 45
5 55
-10
Benj. S. Rich
Apr. 28, 1876
5
40
5 59
-19
David W. Hess
1885
7
05
6 37
+28
Mean-2
..
1860
..
4 44
..
1750
..
5
16
The differences in the last column show that on the average the computed table gives directly the declination for Doylestown.
It should be borne in mind that every compass has an error of its own which may amount to half a degree in modern instruments and even more in those in use in the last century. For this reason the use of the compass in mak- ing surveys should be avoided whenever it is possible.
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HISTORICAL INDEX
VOLUMES I AND II
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HISTORICAL INDEX.
Note .- Single page numbers refer to Volume I; citations to Volume II are indicated by numeral 2 before number of page.
Albion Knights, 3; Alricks, Jacob, 6; his descendants, 7; Andros, Sir Edmund, becomes governor and visits the Delaware, 9; He purchases land from Indians, 10; Arrival of settlers, 11, 16; Andros, makes land grants, 15; Assembly at Upland, 36; Atkinson, Thomas, 52; Agricultural School, 102; Allen, Nathaniel, 109; Andalusia, 117; Anda- lusia College, 123; Amor, Richard, 127; Attleborough, 135. 138; Archambault, Capt. Joseph, 217, 2-337; American Independence, celebration of, 225; Awakening, the Great, 298; Addis family, 334; Appenzeller, 350; Aaron, Moses, 361; Atherholt fam- ily, 369; Aged persons, 395; Archibald family, 403; Arndt family, 2-26, 92; Allen, William, 2-49, 2-93; Ayres, Samuel, Armstrong, William, 2-53; Apple family, 2- 73; Airy Grove School, 2-77; Akerman family, Jacob Allen, 2-109; Applebach family, 2-112; Applebachville, 2-115; Alms House, 2-241 ; Anderson, Sidney L., 2-277; Agricultural Magasine, Aurora, 2-309; Anchor Inn, 2-340; Agricultural Society, 2-353; Attleborough Academy, 2-366.
ALLEN TOWNSHIP .- William Allen, 2-85; Scotch-Irish settlers, petition for township, 2-86; Petition for roads, Gen. Thomas Craig, 2-87.
Burlington Island, 13, 20; Britton, Lionel, 16, 2-113; Buckman, William, 37, 329; Beaks, William, 49; Bennett, William, Blackshaw, Randall, 50; Buckman, Ruth, 52; Biles, William, 15, 66; Becket, Mary, 68; Brown, George, 72; Brown, Gen. Jacob, 73; Biles' Island, 79; Briggs family, 84; Bristol College, 98; Bath Springs, 99; Badger, Bela, 102; Bloomsdale Farm, 104; Benezet, James, 114; Bache, Richard, 115; Biddle, Nich- olas, 116; Bridgewater, 122; Barnsley, Maj. Thomas, 123; Bunting family, 128; Bellevue Institute, 138, 2-369; Beans (Banes) family, 167; Brownsville, 177; Blue Bell Inn, 178; Bird-in-Hand, 214; Brick Hotel, Newtown, 214, 2-336; Burrows, John, 215; Briggs, Joseph, 215; Buckman family, 224; Bye, Thomas, 250; Buckingham Valley, "Big Ben," 264; Blackfan family, 274; Burton family, 320; Bessonett, Charles, 321; Blaker family, 330; Black Bear Tavern, 337, 2-340; Bennett family, 338; Ber- ingers, 350; Blooming Glen, 353; Butler, Simon, 356; Boone family, Daniel Boone, 366; Browne, Thomas, 380; Baxter family, 398; Belville, Rev. Robert B., 404; Beidler family, 428; Burleys, 458; Balderstons, 459; Bowman's Hill, 463; Brownsburg, 466; Buehrle, Joseph, 2-11; Buck, Nicholas, 2-43, 70; Behringer, John, 2-17; Behringer School, 2-20; Bridgeton, 2-33; Bucksville, 2-47; Buehrle, Wiliam, 2-64; Bryan, 2-66; Barclays, 2-72; Bursonville, 2-78; Buckwampum, 2-79; Bursin family, 2- . 80; Brodhead, Capt. Daniel, 2-83; Brainards, missionaries, 2-88; Boehler, Peter, 2-101 ; Bryan family, 2-108; Bridges at Morrisville, 2-165; Brower family, 2-177; Bridge Point, 2-177; Bering's Island, 2-180; Brock, Stephen, 2-205; Bridgeton,
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HISTORICAL INDEX.
village of, 2-218; Bristol road, Bethleham road, 2-250; Biddle, Nicholas, 2-264; Blackfan, Samuel, 2-266; Buck, Jerome, 2-272; Bucks CountyBee, Intelligencer, 2 -399; Patriot, 2-312; Messenger, 2-317; Political Examiner, 2-321; Republican, 2-321,329; Bryan, Gen. John S., 2-318 Bristol, newspapers, 2-324; Observer, 2- 327; News, 2-328; Black Horse Tavern, 2-339; Bible Society, 2-352; Butter creameries, 2-358; Bucks County Contributionship, 2-399.
BEDMINSTER .- Formerly included in Plumstead, William Allen, 2-49; Scotch Presbyter- ians, old church, Rev. Francis McHenry, Orr family, 2-50; Darah family, 2-52; Will- iam Armstrong, Jacob Wismer, Samuel Ayres, 2-53; organization of township, Fretz family, 2-54; Stauffer family, 2-56; Mennonite church, 2-57; Mickley and Eckels families, 2-58; oldest Reformed church, Keller's church, ministers, 2-59; Deep Run Presbyterian church, the Keichlines, 2-60; Soliday family, 2-61 ; Roads, Trough and Scheetz families, 2-62; Clymer's mill, old school, Dublin, 2-63; a prolific family, 2-64.
BENSALEM .- Origin of name, 106; Tatham's house, 107; Joseph Growden, 108; Growden Mansion, ibid; Nathaniel Allen, 109; Vandegrift, Vansant and Vanhorne families, II0; John Tomlinson and his diary, III; Dr. John Rodman and his descendants, No- table trees, 112; Joseph Galloway, active patriot, 113; Joins British, Estate confiscated, 114; Richard Gibbs settles, is elected sheriff; James Benezet, 114; Au- gustin Willett, services in Revolution, Sickel family, Richard Bache, 115; Nicholas Biddle, 116; Andalusia, estate of Biddle family, 117; Home of Shippen family, Dunk's ferry, Old slave woman, 118; Presbyterian church founded, Elders and members, 119; Rev. William Tennent, 120; Methodist church organized, Episcopal church, 121 ; Vil- lages-Bridgewater, Eddington, Andalusia, 122; Murder of Dr. Chapman, 122; Andalusia College, Home of Barnsley family, Roads, 123; Byberry graveyard, 124; St. Elizabeth's Convent; Area of township, Etc., `125. . BETHLEHEM .- Settlement by Moravians, William Allen, 2-94; Bishop Nitschmann, first house built, 2-94; Count Zinzendorf, arrival of first Moravian colonists, 2-95; they establish industries, Gnadenhutten, 2-96; social life, cultivation of music, first ferry boat, 2-97; Petition for organization of township, 2-98; Sun Inn, 2-99; Distin- guished Moravians, 2-100.
BRIDGETON .- Youngest township in county, petitioners for township organization, 2-215; Early settlers, Pursell and Williams families, 2-217; Bridgeton village, 2-218; Nat- ural curiositics-Ringing Rocks, 2-219.
BRISTOL BOROUGH .- Oldest town in county, 316; market town established, original lot owners, charter, fairs, etc., 317; First seat of justice in county, 318; Friends' Meeting, St. James Episcopal church, 319; Burton family, De Normandie family, 320; Charles Bessonett, Williams family, stages and inn, 321; Troops pass through during Revolu- tion, attack by British, James Thornton, 322; Present industries. ibid; early churches, 323; Lodges, schools, Farmers' Bank, 324; Canal construction begun, fire department Sarah Lukens Keene Home, 325; Bristol an early celebrated watering place, Heiss family, 327; Statistics, 328.
BRISTOL TOWNSHIP .- Contains only seaport in county, Change of name from Buckingham, 91 ; First Settlers, Richard Noble, John Holme, William Dungan, 92; Welsh Baptists, Elias Keach, Samuel Carpenter, 93; Bristol mills built, 94; Badger's Island, Ferry across the Delaware, Navigation of the Neshaminy, Floating Bridge, 95; Stages to New York, China Retreat, Andre Houckgeest, 96; Bristol College. 98; Capt. Part- ridge's Military School, Bath Springs, 99; Pigeon Swamp, Biding's Swamp and Green's Swamp, Mystic Well, 100; Dilworth family, Taylor family, 101; Anthony Morris, Agricultural school, Bela Badger, famous race, "Henry" against "Eclipse,"
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