USA > Pennsylvania > Butler County > History of Butler County, Pennsylvania > Part 32
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Sergeants : Henry G. Mechling. Linus Craner. William T. Edwards, John S. Bartley and James M. Hay.
Corporals : Albert L. Schrader, Hance M. Frazier, Samuel L. Coulter, Will- iam J. Leslie, Robert Anderson, Samuel B. Gamble, James C. Welsh and Alfred Mamhoff.
Privates : 1. Allwine, Albert Barclay, James Bedillion, John Burtner, E. J. Burtner, John B. Caldwell, William J. Chandler, John A. Cochran, Loyal Y. Cochran, Daniel A. Crealy, John Denny, Jacob Deer, John B. Davis, William Gardner, Jonathan Grinder, John Hunter, James O. Harbison, Robert Harbison, Joseph Henry, Joseph Hickman, Levi Heidrick, Alexander Johnson. George Kennedy, John Logan. William Love, Thomas H. Lyon, Louis R. Mechling, Christian Mechling. Thomas Mahood, Andrew J. Malarkey, McQuade Mushrush, James H. MeCandless, Howe McGeary. Kizer Neal, John Park, William J. Puff, Joseph Phillips, Adam W. Snyder. Thomas W. Seaman, Theodore Tomai, Will- iam Tuttle. James Wright, Samuel Wilson, Nathan White, James Williamson, Ferdinand A. Winter and Henry Young.
FIFTY-EIGHTH MILITIA REGIMENT.
This command was organized in July, 1863, and mustered in the same month under Col. George Il. Bemus. On July 24 the regiment, with others, was ordered to hold the fords on the Ohio between Steubenville and Wheeling, the Fifty-eighth occupying LaGrange, opposite Wellsville. The watchfulness of this command, led Morgan's cavalry to seek escape by way of Salineville, where the Michigan cavalry attacked them, killing, wounding or capturing about 300 of the famous guerrillas. Later, when Morgan's command was captured, this regi- ment took charge of the prisoners until they were placed in the Ohio penitentiary. After danger disappeared the command returned to Pittsburg, where it was mustered out August 14-15, 1868. Company G, of this regiment, was raised in Butler county. Its roster is as follows :
Captain : Alexander Gillespie.
Lieutenants : James G. Guthrie and John S. Brown.
Sergeants : Beriah M. Duncan. George Neely. Ebenezer Kidd, Isaiah N. Duncan and John Nelson.
Corporals : John Duncan, John English. Sr .. James Boggs. William Pierce, Joseph English and J. L. Jones.
Musicians : Charles A. Smith and John B. Garvin.
Privates : William Anderson, D. P. Boggs. Joseph Blackstock, Martin Brown, Patrick Burns, John Betekever, Henry Baker. Thomas J. Carnahan, John Carr, Enos G. Duncan. Samuel Davis, George Demer. Joseph K. Duncan, George Drew, John English. Jr., Frederick Beighley, William Egan, James Freeman, Frank Freeman, Barnet G. Guthrie, Hugh Glasgow, John Grim, Jonathan Grubbs, Lester Gibson, William Hughes, Joseph E. Hall, Frank John- ston, Samuel Kidd, James P. Miller, William Mowry, John Moore. Aaron H. Moore. John Macdowell, Samuel Morrison, Alexander McLucker. William Neely. Timothy O'Brien. Charles O-burne. Thomas Pierce. George Strawbridge.
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Enos Shannon, Samuel Saddler, Polk Sample, Thomas Wilson, John Walters. Frank Wills, Peter Warner and II. A. Wilkinson.
Company I of this regiment was also raised in Butler county. Following is its roster :
Captain : Winfield M. Clark.
Lieutenants : William E. Moore and S. L. Daubenspeck.
Sergeants : George W. Ilalderman. Thomas F. Christley, Henry D. Tim- blin and George W. Reed.
Corporals : Francis M. Hilliard, Augustus N. Martin, Charles Harley. George H. Dodds, Jonathan II. Kelley and Henry E. Miller.
Musicians : Howard McElvain and George W. Dunlap.
Privates : William J. Adams, George W. Beattie, John C. Breaden. Robert F. Campbell, Plummer Christy, Ephriam S. Dobson, William G. Daubenspeck, William F. Dunn. Joseph S. Fithian, Adam Fogle, John Grossman, Hugh Gross- man, Hiram Gallagher, David Hoon, William H. Johnston, Thomas Kelly. Oliver Kelly. Adam Kord, William Miller, Samuel W. Morrison, John P. Mc Junkin, John H. MeQuistion, Abner McCallen, William McCall, John M. McCollough, Andrew McMurry, William McGill, William McCauley, Robert Potts, John Rowe. James M. Ramsey. Albert Ruff, Daniel Shanor, James C. Scott. William Shryock. William Smith, Thomas Wilson and Adam Wiles.
MISCELLANEOUS COMMANDS.
In addition to the foregoing companies and parts of companies of infantry, cavalry and artillery credited to Butler county, a large number of her citizens and young men, claiming the county as their home, enlisted in other counties of Pennsylvania, and in regiments raised in other States. So far as ascertained, the names of these are as follows :
Michael Long, Third Pennsylvania Volunteers. John HI. McQuistion. Company D, Eleventh Pennsylvania Volunteers. Samuel B. Fry, William J. Miller and Michael Tracy. Company B; Ephraim Brown, Company E, and John Bulford, Company K, Eight Reserve. Baxter Burkhart, Company K. Ninth Reserve. Joseph Graham, Company L, Twenty eight Pennsylvania Volunteers. John McElhaney, Company D. Forty- second Pennsylvania Volunteers. James J. Sutton, Amos Campbell, and Sergt. Thomas F. Christley, Company B; Solomon S. May and Michael Myers, Company F ; John Thompson and Richard Kelly, Company G, and Sam- nel l'. Milford, Company H, Fiftieth Pennsylvania Volunteers. William J. Cleeland Fifty-second Militia. Samuel E. Sloan*, Company C, and Samuel S. Jolly, Fifty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers. James C. Hughes, Fifty-fifth Penn- sylvania Volunteers, John A. Black, lieutenant-colonel, Fifty-sixth Pennsylvania Volunteers. Joseph W. Kiester, Company F, and Thomas J. McBride, Fifty- seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers. Thomas Baker, John R. Denny, Corp. William Fulton, wounded at Spott-ylvania. Corp. Samuel A. Leshe, Baxter Logan, John Logan and William Platt, Company B; Sergt. Samuel Tint-man," Company E
* Killed or mortally wounded.
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and Robert Hide#, Sixty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers. Peter Kalert. Company D; Sergt. William Ransallt, and William Storey, Company E; Samuel E. Brown, Charles M. Campbell, James E. Campbell, Oliver M. Christy, Jeremiah W. Harper and George E. Miller, Company G : J. L. Anderson;, Company II : James Blake, Robert Dufft and John C. MeCollough. Company K, and Sebastian Smith*, Sixty- second Pennsylvania Volunteers. Harvey D. Thompson, Company A, Sixty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, Levi Porter, Company K, Sixty-fourth Pennsylvania Vol- unteers. George K. Baker and Thomas R. Hoon, Company I, Sixty-seventh Pennsyl- vania Volunteers. John W. Crooks. Company A. Seventy-seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers. Hugh Mc Kee Kidd and James Kidd, members of Company C. Seventy- ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers were both killed at the battle of Perrysville. Corp. Jacob T. Grove, and Arthur K. Cleeland, Company F. Eighty-third Pennsyl- vania Volunteers. Thomas Adams, Company K. Eighty-fourth Pennsylvania Volunteers. Philip II. Cluse, Company 11, Eighty-seventh Pennsylvania Vol- unteers. Alexander Bell, William J. Hutchison, William Martin and Robert Martin, Company A, and N. Hinsberger, Eighty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers. James G. Graham. Company D, Ninety-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers. Corp. John Blain and Andrew Lemmon, One Hundred and Fourth Pennsylvania Vol- unteers. Lieut-Col. W. W. Corbett, James A. Redick, John C. MeCollough, George Shaw, Charles Gallagher and Oliver C. Redic, promoted lieutenant-colo- nel, May 11, 1865, One Hundred and Fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers. Peter Oes- terling, Company B; John Fredley, Company C: John Emerick, Company F, and Alfred II. Monnie, One Hundred and Seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers. Robert II. Harbison, Company E Newton Black and William A. Black, Com- pany 1; Aaron Beighley, Company F. and Levi Logan, One Hundred and Twelfth Pennsylvania Volunteers. Josiah B. Black, Company H, One Hundred and Six- teenth Pennsylvania Volunteers. Joseph Welsh, Company G, Que Hundred and Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers. Robert W. Mckee, Company C; Nich- olas Ammon. Company E and William Reiber, Company K. One Hundred and Thirty-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers. F. B. Stiver, Company K, One Hundred and Fortieth Pennsylvania Volunteers. William Minser and Joseph Rockenstein, Company D. One Hundred and Forty-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteer -. Wilson N. Clark.Ccorporal, Company C, and Levi Sturdevant. One Hundred and Fiftieth Pennsylvania Volunteers. Sergt. Philip A. Drain. Company C ; Capt. Samuel Walker, Company F, and James E. Campbell, Company G. One Hundred and Fifty-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers. Dr. Adam Weiser. Company F; and John Dindinger, Company G. One Hundred and Sixty-eighth Pennsylvania Volun- teers. Carlisle McFadden. Company E. One Hundred and Seventy-seventh Penn- sylvania Volunteers. Ephraim Brown and John Bulford, One Hundred and Nine- ty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers, William F. Trax, Company E. and Charles Cowan. Company K. One Hundred and Ninety-third Pennsylvania Volunteers. Capt. John,G. Bippus, George Bartlett, Peter Fennell and John Irvine, Company 11, One Hundred and Ninety-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers ; and D. R. Rodgers, Erie regiment.
The Fourth Pennsylvania Cavalry, organized in October, IS61, and which
' Killed or mortally wounded : Wounded t Died.
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served until July 1. 1865, had in its ranks a number of Butler county men. Dur- ing its term of service, this regiment lost ninety-eight men killed, while 260 died from disease. The following is a list of those who served from Butler county :
Quartermaster sergeant : Enos G. Duncan.
Corporals : Beriah M. Duncan, I. N. Duncan and John Duncan *.
Privates : George Byers, Henry Brown, William Barr. John W. Carr. Joel Donaldson, William W. Dunbar, Alpheus Dunbar, Alfred Dunbar, Josiah Donaldson, Eli S. Fleeger. Hiles Fleegert, Jacob Fleeger, Francis Freeman, George Graham. H. A. Hamiltont. James M. Marshall, Preston McJunkin, Hugh Miller;, Henry Miller, Henry M. Miller*, Samuel Miller, Samuel M. Seaton. Jacob Stoutt, John Walters and Benjamin F. Walters *.
Lewis Byers, who served in Company 1, Levi Porter, who served in Com- . pany K, and Corp. William A. Seaton, and James G. Hamilton, who served in Company L. were also from Butler county.
Among those from Butler county who served in other cavalry regiments were James A. MeMarlin, Company .A, First regiment. John Whitmire, Com- pany B: Samuel Seaton. Company C. and Francis and William Whitmire, Com- pany M. Sixth regiment. Casper Sherman, Company I, and George T., and Thomas W. Frazier, Company K, Seventh regiment. John Sherman. Company E, Ninth regiment. Lient. Aaron Sullivan, Company E, Ninth regiment, killed at Tompkinsville, Kentucky. July 9. 1862 Amos Seaton. Company D, and Har- mon Seaton, Fifteenth regiment, and John Montgomery, Company F, Eighteenth regiment. John A. Watson served in Company A, Fourth United States Cav- alry : John and Thomas A. Blain, Company D: Reid G. Bracken, Company K. and Sergt. Simeon Nixon, Company G, Sixth United States Cavalry.
The names of those from Butler county serving in miscellaneous artillery commands are as follows: William Giesler. Jesse Barto, and John M. Greer, Battery B ; Robert Harbison, Battery E; Newton Mortland, Battery F : Henry Young. Battery 1. and James 1. MeMarlin, Battery L, Second Artillery. J. Walter Bartley. Robert McClung. and Gabriel Neff, Battery K. and William Blain, Battery M. Fifth Artillery. Benjamin S. Rankin, served in the Fourth United States Artillery, and Henry II. Halstead in Battery F, Independent Light Artillery.
The following named persons, either residents of Butler county, or claiming it as their home, served in regiments raised in States other than Pennsylvania : Patrick N. Harvey, First Maryland Cavalry ; R. A. Dennison and James A. Stewart, Battery A. First Ohio Light Artillery ; S. S. Forrester, Battery D. First Ohio Heavy Artillery : George Trimbur, Company D. First West Virginia Vol- unteers ; F. B. Stiver, Second West Virginia Volunteers; W. B. Dodds. Com- pany A. Tenth Illinois Cavalry : Elder Crawford. Company C, Fifth, and Com- pany G, Thirteenth Ohio Cavalry ; Isaiah Black, musician. Sixteenth Illinois Vol- unteers ; William M. Black, Company K. Seventeenth Indiana Volunteers ; James HI. Black. Company H, Twenty-seventh Illinois Volunteers; Joseph C. Camp- bell, killed at Chickamauga, Company C, and Robert J. Kissick, Company G.
* Killed or mortally wounded. # Wounded. Died.
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HISTORY OF BUTLER COUNTY.
Thirty-first Ohio Volunteers ; James C. Black, Thirty-fifth Ilinois Volunteers ; Lieut. John B. Butler, Company G, Forty-tirst Illinois Volunteers ; S. A. Pur- viance, Company B, Forty-second Illinois Volunteers ; Robert M. Black, captain of Company B, and William MeLaughlin, Seventy-eighth Illinois Volunteers. S. S. Forrester, One Hundred and Seventeenth Ohio Volunteers. George Reiber served in a Missouri infantry regiment. Henry G. Crispin, a printer formerly employed in the Herald office, enlisted in a New York regiment and was killed at the battle of Bull Run. Among those whose commands we have not obtained are the following named soldiers : Lieut. W. D. Ewing, Thomas Cooper, Joseph D. Fowler, Charles Hoffman, who also served in the Mexican war, Charles F. Smith and Nicholas Portman.
Col. James Cooper MeKee, M. D., of Butler, was appointed and commis- sioned assistant surgeon of the United States army in 1858. At the second bat- tle of Bull Run he served as assistant medical director of Pope's army, and at Antietam as assistant medical purveyor of the Army of the Potomac. In 1863 he was promoted to captain in the regular army and placed in charge of Lincoln United States Hospital at Washington, D. C., in which position he continued until the close of the war. After the war he was transferred to Mew Mexico, serving there as chief medical officer of the army, and afterwards as medical director of the Department of Arizona. Ile also served in the same capacity at Van- couver Barracks, Department of Columbia. In 1891 he was retired from active service, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, by reason of injuries received in the discharge of Lis duty.
Dr. Samuel Graham, of Butler, after serving three months in Company II, Thirteenth Pennsylvania Volunteers, completed a course of medicine in Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, and entered the service as assistant surgeon of the One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Pennsylvania Volunteers. He was subsequently appointed surgeon of the Eighty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers.
When Butler county responded to President Lincoln's call for 75,000 men, after the fall of Fort Sumter, in April, 1861, her citizens shared in the belief pre -; vailing throughout the country, that the war would be an affair of but a few months, and that soldiering would be anything but serious business. Few, if any, dreamed that with the fall of Sumter there had been ushered in the great- est civil war in the world's history, destined to last four years, to dot the entire South with battlefields, to call into service over two millions of men in the North and in the South, to cost hundreds of thousands of lives and the expenditure of thousands of millions of dollars, and to have the final triumph of the Union armies shrouded in the sorrow that followed the assassination of Abraham Lin- coln, under whose administration the Union had been preserved and perpetuated.
In those early days of the war, therefore, patriotism ran high in Butler county and enlistments were rapid. Later on, though there was no diminution in the patriotic spirit, the burdens of war began to be heavily felt. The county was drained of its young men, and extraordinary taxes were levied in order that the war might be prosecuted to a successful issue. The men in the field had to be encouraged and made to feel that the people at home were back of them, and that the calls for more troops would be promptly responded to. In short, those
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at home had a work of vital importance to do, demanding many sacrifices and much patriotism in order that the county might acquit itself with credit to the State and with honor to the Union cause.
As the ranks of the young men thinned out it became necessary to encourage enlistments by the aid of bounties and other inducement .. In 1862 a relief tax, amounting to $3,154, was collected, and in 1863 $9,752.18 paid in bounties.
Under the draft of July, 1563, the county furnished 323 men. Many of those drafted furnished substitutes. The plan adopted in Butler appears to have been for a number of those subject to draft to subscribe to a fund to pay substitutes, and after the requisite number of substitutes had been secured, to divide up the surplus amount, if any, among the subscribers.
January 20, 1864, Capt. Henry Pillow, United States recruiting officer, announced the extension of the time for paying bounties, and asked for volun- teers. About this time the quotas required from the counties comprising the Twenty-third district, were published, showing the quota of Butler county to be 316, to be secured from the 2,320 men of the first and 1,317 men of the second class. The borough of Butler, having furnished her quota of fourteen, was clear of the draft. In order to accomplish this object the local committee collected $3,070, of which $1.770 was paid for the fourteen substitutes. The sum of thirty-five dollars was charged to expenses, leaving $1,265 to be returned to the subscriber -. Under the call of February 1, 1864, for 500,000 men, Butler bor- ough filled its quota February 6, 1864, and had a surplus of money to return to the subscribers.
Under the call for 200,000 men, March 15, 1864, the general bounty was paid until April 1, 1864. On April 14, 1864, an act providing for the payment of bounties in Butler county was approved by the Governor. Power was given to the school directors to levy a tax sufficient to pay a bounty of $300 to each volun- teer enlisted and credited to the school district making the levy. They were also empowered to levy a per capita tax, not exceeding twenty-five dollars from each taxable citizen subject to the draft, and to repay to subscribers moneys advanced to aid in raising volunteers.
The response to the call of March 15, 1861. was so prompt that when the draft was made June 3, 1864, only nine districts were behind with their quotas; in those ninety-one men were called out by provost-marshal. A supplemental draft was ordered for June 27, when sixty-five men were called out. Ten of the ninety- one drafted June 3, failed to appear ; forty-four paid a commutation of $300 each ; thirty-three were exempted, and two were reported dead. Another draft was made September 19, 1864, under the call of July 18, 1864. November 30, 1864. the number of men subject to draft in Butler county was placed at 2.750, but a large number of soldiers who had served two years or more in the service and had received their discharge were included in this estimate.
One reason for the recourse to drafts was that during 1864 especially the terms of a large number of those who had enlisted in 1861. for three years. expired. and it became necessary to secure new men to take their places. It should also be borne in mind that a majority of these men re-enlisted in the field, and that volunteer- were constantly coming forward in every township in the county.
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HISTORY OF BUTLER COUNTY.
The drafts, therefore, were only resorted to in order to complete the quotas of the several townships within the time required by the different calls under which they were ordered.
While the soldiers at the front were battling for the preservation of the Union, there arose a necessity for those at home to care for the dependent wid- ows and orphans of those who fell in battle. and also a necessity to care for sick and wounded in the hospitals and in their homes. For the former purpose, in addition to voluntary contributions, a relief tax was ordered. For the latter pur- pose an organization known as the "Balaam Association" was organized in 1864. In April of that year it was represented in the different townships by the follow- ing named collectors : Thomas Marshall. J. N. Pollock. Il. W. Grant. George Walter, J. G. McClymonds, W. D. McCandles>. Adam Black. Dr. Frank Ham- ilton. John Love. Alex Kuhn, Peter Ray. Joshua Garvin, Henry Gumpper, Major Adams, Alex, Walker. R. I. Boggs, Russell Bogg -. James Wright, P. Scheide- mantle, William Smith. William Morrow, Calvin Potts. Reuben Shanor, Lieuten- ant Mellinger, J. M. Boal, Leander Wise, William Crocker, John Murrin. P. Hilliard, John Keever and Firley Balph. For Centreville. A. J. Bard was col- lector : for Harmony. James Guthrie : for Zelienople. George B. Bastian ; for Sax- onburg, John Carson, and for Butler, Joseph Elliott and H. D. Timblin. Captain W. M. Clarke was " Thistle," or secretary of this association.
In the spring of 1864, the people of Butler county became liberal contribu- tors to the Pittsburg Sanitary Fair Association. Committees to solicit subscrip- tions of money, provisions and clothing were appointed in each township in the county. The responses were prompt and liberal. the collection- up to June 1, 1864, amounting to $2.606.51 in cash. including $160 received from the Balaam Association. Clothing and provisions were also contributed valued at $786.14. bringing the total amount up to $3.312.65. Later contributions of money, clothing and provisions considerably increased this amount. The chairmen of the various township committees were as follows : Samuel Marshall, Adams : James Kiskaddon, Allegheny : J. M. Thompson. Brady ; \. D. Weir. Buffalo ; Newton Maxwell. Butler; Dr. Josiah McCandless. Centre: I. C. McCoy, Cherry; Rev. W. P. Breaden, Clay: James Norris, Clinton ; J. II. Christy. Concord ; Rev. Jamison, Connoquenessing: William Dick, Franklin: James G. Wilson, Jack- son ; David Logan. Jefferson ; Rev. J. F. Boyd. Mercer; Rev. J. G. Barnes, Middlesex : John Forrester. Muddy Creek : Isaac Robb, Oakland ; J. Q. 1. Kennedy, l'enn ; T. Stephenson, Slippery Rock ; William Lindsey, Summit ; R. A. Mifflin, Washington ; William Stewart. Winfield and Thomas Mc.Nees. Worth. The chairmen of the borough committees were R. C. McAboy, Butler : John T. Bard, Centreville ; Alfred Pierce, Harmony : James Kerr, Harrisville : Rev. W. A. Fetter, Millerstown : A. W. MeCollough, Prospect, and Mrs. Anna Ilarbison, Portersville.
The fall of Richmond and the surrender of the Confederate forces under Gen. Robert E. Lee, announcing as they did the final triumph of the Union armies and the return of peace, caused much rejoicing throughout the entire North. The people of Butler. among the first to respond to the call for troops. were also among the first to rejoice over the success of the " Boys in Blue " in
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saving the Union from disruption. This rejoicing took the form of a "Jubilee Meeting." held at the court-house in Butler April 7. 1865. This meeting was presided over by Hon. Lawrence 1. McGuilin. The vice-presidents were Capt. Samuel London, William Campbell and William Stoops, and the secretaries, Col. John M. Thompson, Capt. George W. Fleeger, Jonathan Clutton and James Bredin. After a number of patriotic speeches were delivered, the following reso- lution, offered by John 11. Negley, was adopted :
Resolred, That we learn with irrepressible joy of the success of the armies of the U'nion; the downfall of the rebel capital and the surrender or capture of the rebel hosts. Victory and peace have come through war, and, God be praised, the Republie lives.
In the midst of the general rejoicing that followed the close of the war and the return of peace, the entire country was plunged in profound sorrow by the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Flags and banner- that had been flying to the breeze to celebrate the last great victory of the Union armies, were placed at half-mast and draped in mourning, and the emblems of a people's sorrow every- where met the eye.
For the purpose of giving fitting expression to their sorrow, a meeting of the people of Butler borough was held on the afternoon of Wednesday, April 19, 1865. Gen. John N. Purviance was chosen president : James Gilmore Campbell, William Stewart, Charles McCandles-, E. Mc Junkin and E. M. Bredin, vice- presidents, and W. S. Ziegler. Thomas Robinson and James Bredin, secretaries of the meeting. In calling the meeting to order, General Purviance delivered a brief address, the closing portion of which is as follows :
Abraham Lincoln lived to see the Rebellion ended and the promised land of peace. The possession is the heritage, we may confidently hope, of a free and Christian people, who love liberty and hate slavery.
A committee on resolutions was appointed consisting of William Stewart, James Bredin. Dr. D. W. Cowden. Col. John M. Thompson and L. Z. Mitchell, and a committee on organization consisting of Capt. W. O. Brackenridge, J. A. Sedwick, James G. Campbell, HI. C. Heineman and W. Stoops. Addresses in English were delivered by Revs. White, Tibbes, Niblock and Limberg, and in German by Rev. Mieser. William Stewart, the chairman of the committee on resolutions, reported the following preamble :
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