USA > Pennsylvania > Butler County > History of Butler County, Pennsylvania > Part 58
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The population of the township in 1860 was 1,457; in 1870, 1,234; in 1880, 1,533; and in 1890, 1,600. These figures include the population of Saxonburg, which was 295 in 1870; 319 in 1880, and 258 in 1890. The assessed value of property in January, 1894, was $339,132; the county tax, $1,356.53, and the State tax, $284.62.
EARLY INDUSTRIES.
The Jefferson Centre saw mill, erected in 1825 by Thomas Welsh, was torn down in 1868, and on its site the Montague & Welsh agricultural implement fac- tory was built. Alexander Martin, who came from Butler township into Jeffer- son in 1826, built the first grist mill on Thorn creek. Strawick afterward owned it and carried it on until it was swept away by the waters in 1858. The Widow McCurdy had a saw mill erected in 1827, on Thorn creek, due north of Jefferson Centre. Robert McNair was the architect, builder and wheelwright.
The saw mill built by George Welsh in 1845 occupied the site of Frazier's mill. Soon after he erected a grist mill, thirty by forty feet, which he operated until 1857. In that year, Thomas Frazier purchased the property, remodeled the
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HISTORY OF BUTLER COUNTY.
building and introduced new machinery. In 1876 Thomas W. Frazier, his son, became owner. In 1886 B. Il. Bowser became a partner and in 1888 the greater part of the present mill was constructed and the roller system introduced. The capacity is fifty barrels of flour and 200 bushels of feed a day. A good water- power is derived from Thorn creek, while steam power is also used.
Baner's mill was built in the forties, where Golden City afterwood stood, and opposite the great Rock well. Time imjured it, floods partly carried it off in 1858, and the waters washed away the dam.
The Pilgrim grist mill, erected by Andrew Pilgrim near the southeast corner of the township, in 1862, and subsequently operated by Charles Lederer, under the title, " Lederer's Mill," and later by Rhinehart & Smith, was purchased in 1875 and opened in 1876 by Francis Alwine. Mr. Alwine is a descendant of German pioneers of York county, Pennsylvania, from which county his father, John, moved to Jefferson township, in 1853. The mill possesses a fine water- power ; but is not dependent on the water supply, as steam is also used.
SCHOOLS AND JUSTICES.
In 1806, " Slim John Kennedy," who extended from floor to rafter, opened a school almost a quarter mile east of the site of Hannahstown. The primitive log house varied somewhat from the conventional buildings of the period; for at each end was a chimney, leading up from the huge fire places. Six years after a better log house was erected at " The Corners," over which Isaac Lefevre pre- sided. It is said that this house was built without nails or iron of any descrip- tion. The chimney stood in the center of the room. Greased paper took the place of glass and in all respects it was a very humble affair, even for 1812. A third building, in which the chimney answered for one gable, stood on the present site of Hannahstown cemetery. Isaac Lefevre also taught there, and one of the Douthetts succeeded him, teaching until John Sweeney, who was blind of one eye, took charge. Ross Gately, a celebrated old-time pedagogue, failed to make a success of a school which he opened in the Graham settlement, just south of the point where the United Presbyterians erected a church in 1864. Early in the twenties a log house was erected at a point southeast of Gately's shanty, and there Isaac Sutton taught for a few winters. There are now seven schools in the township, including two in Saxonburg, and the Jefferson Centre Independent district. The male pupils in the township number 129, the female pupils 107. In Saxonburg there are forty-four male and thirty-eight female pupils, and in Jefferson Centre twenty-seven male and thirty-four female pupils. The school revenue for 1894 amounted to $3,388.02, of which $1,587.47 was appropriated by the State.
The justices of the peace for Jefferson township from 1855 to 1894 are named as follows, the date being that of election : David Logan, 1855 and 1860; Simon P. Walter. 1859; Charles A. Stimmel, 1863; Joseph [Graham, 1865 and 1870: Daniel MeFadden, 1867 : James Gribben, 1874; Thomas MeGucken, 1875; John Knock was elected but did not qualify; Thomas Martin, 1879; M. H. Byerly, 1880: Eli Graham, 1853 and 1888: John N. Pugh, 1885, 1890 and 1891 ; Frank Fruth, elected in 1893, never qualified, and M. H. Byerly, 1894.
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JEFFERSON TOWNSHIP.
CHURCHES.
St. Lucas' Evangelical Lutheran Church, of Buffalo township, so named because it was then in Buffalo township, dates back to about 1838, when it was organized by Rev. Mr. Schweitzerbarth, and a church built near Hannahstown. In 1847 Mr. Schweitzerbarth effected an organization of the English and German speaking Lutherans, who worshiped together until 1869, when the English Luth- eran church at Saxonburg was erected. In 1848 a church was built on the cem- etery lot west of Hannahstown, which was used until 1871, when the Saxon- burg members surrendered their interest in the property, and the present church building was erected. On July 6, 1854, the society was incorporated, with John G. Grunert, president ; Bernhard Konrumpf and George Doerr, elders ; F. Seibert and Jacob Beck, deacons, and C. A. Grunert and Jacob Ader, trustees. One of the articles of association prohibited the interment of self-murderers and unbaptized children in the cemetery. In 1870 Rev. Frederick Wilhelm became pastor, and watched over the interests of this society for many years. He was succeeded by Rev. C. Engelder, the present pastor.
Shiloh United Presbyterian Church was organized April 12, 1864, by Revs. William Galbraith and William R. Hutchinson, with John Shrader John McElvain and David Logan as elders. The original members were Joseph, Hannah and Nancy Robinson; Samuel and Barbara Patterson; John, James, Martha and Robert Shrader ; W. M. Caldwell and family ; P. Snyder and family; S. Mech- ling and family ; Thomas and Mary Armstrong; John and Robert McElvain ; Abner and Lucinda Bartley ; Priscilla, Jane, Margaret, William W., Sarah Belle and Joseph Harbison; William Fitzsimmons and William Graham. The follow- ing is a list of the pastors from the organization to the present time : Rev. W. R. Hutchison, 1864 to 1873; Rev. J. M. Imbrie, 1875 to 1877 ; Rev. S. B. Stew- art, 1881 to 1887, and Rev. W. J. Cooper, the present pastor, who came in 1889. The church building is a neat frame, 33 x 40 feet, situated in the western part of the township, at the junction of the old Bull creek and Glade Mills roads. It was built and dedicated in 1865.
Jefferson Summit Presbyterian Church dates its organization back to April 24, 1864, when sixteen members of the old Middlesex church and four of the Butler church were dismissed to join the new society. Joseph Graham and Thomas Martin were elected elders, and later John Emerick, J. II. Graham and George Welsh were elected. On June 22. 1867, the church building was com- pleted and dedicated. Revs. Boyd, Brugh and Hamilton, ministers and school teachers of Butler, and Rev. E. Ogden, served the church as stated supplies for years. On January 11, 1869, the society was incorporated, with John Martin and William Wright trustees, under the title " Jefferson Summit O. S Presby- terian Church." In April, ISSs, the membership of the church was 147, Rev. Ephriam Ogden, of Glade Mills, being then stated supply. John Emerick, George Welsh and James H. Graham are among the elders. In recent reports of the Butler Presbytery there is mention made of it as being in the appointment of Rev. Willis S. MeNees, of the Middlesex church, who became stated supply in December. 1890. There were eighty-six members reported in April, 1893, while the Sabbath school membership was placed at seventy-four.
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HISTORY OF BUTLER COUNTY.
Jefferson Centre Presbyterian Church was organized July 8, 1871, in response to a petition dated June 27 that year. Revs. E. Ogden. J. W. Hamil- ton and Carl Linn, with Elders James D. Anderson and Thomas Martin, the organizing committee, reported in October, 1871, that nine members formed the original society, while ten more were added prior to the date of their report. Rev. Carl Linn was stated supply for some time. In April, 1873, Rev. C. W. Seaman was called as pastor, and on the same day the name, " Jefferson Center Church," was adopted. It was incorporated October 31, 1873, with Edward Montag, Gottlieb Steinhauser and Frank Fruth, trustees. The Presbyterian Home Mission and the Church Erection boards made liberal donations to this society ; but, prior to [888, withdrew financial support, owing to the poor pros- pects for increasing the membership. Rev. C. A. Limburg filled the pulpit in 1886, 1887 and 1888, the elders being William Montag, George C. Grabe and Frank Fruth. The number of communicants at the close of 1893 was twenty- eight, but the pulpit was vacant. A neat frame building south of the village speaks of efforts made in the seventies to build up Presbyterianism among the Germans.
The Methodist Episcopal Church of Great Belt was organized February 25, 1877, when a church building, begun in 1876, was completed. This building was almost overturned by the frost forcing up the foundations; but the defect was remedied under the direction of Samuel Caldwell, John Hendrickson, and Levi Heidrick, who were then trustees of the society. Within ten years the building was moved away, and the society disbanded.
Concordia Orphans' Home, near Delano, was dedicated July 29, 1883. It was practically founded by a Mr. Oertel, a German settler, who bequeathed a farm of fifty acres of land north of Hannahstown, to the German Lutheran society at Hannahstown, for the purposes of a home for orphans and aged persons. The first house was erected in 1883, in 1885 the present school was built, and in 1890, the third building. The first superintendent was Rev. Hengist. who cared for forty-eight children and two old persons. Rev. L. Detzer took charge in October, 1884; A. Braner in 1885; Rev. G. Rademacher in 1888; Rev. M. Krey in 1889, and Rev. F. Wilhelm, May 1, 1891. There are seventy-eight children and three old persons in the Home. The expenses, which are paid by the Mis- sion Synod of the Lutheran church, range from $3,000 to $1,000 annually, in addi- tion to the products of the farm.
VILLAGES.
Hannahstown was surveyed in May, 1829, by David Dougal for Nathan Skeer and Abraham Maxwell, and the plat recorded February 27, 1835. Lefever, Main and Maxwell streets are shown running generally east and west. The cross streets are named Cooper, Johnston, Mularkey, Duffy and Hazlett. In 1806 the place was a school center and, for a few years before the site was surveyed, " Blind Sweeney " taught there and sometimes would surprise the rustics with his Latin and Greek. Nathan Skeer kept the first tavern. In 1835 F. D. Schweitering established a store there, and John Dougherty built a store and hotel about 1842. Krause's Hannahstown Hotel followed, then Drollinger carried
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JEFFERSON TOWNSHIP.
on the Skeer tavern until it was burned, when he erected a new building. lle was succeeded by E. F. Muder, who kept tavern there for some years. Nathan Skeer was a very exacting landlord. Unless he knew the exact capacity of a customer, that customer could only get one drink. In 1860 J. N. Pugh estab- lished the manufacture of agricultural implements at Hannahstown, and carried on a thriving business for over a quarter of a century.
Jefferson Centre may be said to have been founded in 1825, when Thomas Welsh established his saw mill there. In 1862 Thomas Martin opened a general store at that point and, in 1868, the Montag brothers and J. C. Welsh began the manufacture of threshing machines and other agricultural implements, carrying on at the same time a general store, now conducted by W. Montag & Company, and a large saw mill. In Is71 a blacksmith and wagon shop was opened by Frank Fruth and the center of the township was really a manufacturing point of some importance. The agricultural implement factory is not the industry it was twenty years ago, the shops being devoted to repair work rather than to new machinery. The feed mill is a department of the Montag industries. The artesian wells at this point furnish water for manufacturing and domestic purposes. Beyond the erection of two or three modern dwellings and the improvement of farm homes in the vicinity, the busy little village of the seventies does not appear to have made much progress.
Great Belt was platted in 1876, for Kirk and Dilworth, in and round Coyle's station, on the West Penn railroad, where a post-office was established in 1870, with Michael Sweeney, postmaster. Parts of the Gottlieb Wolf and " Black " Michel farms were laid out in town lots. This, with the fact that M. and P. Shields had previously built a hotel there, drew attention to the new town and several lots were sold to prospective builders. The idea that the location was in or near the oil belt, suggested the name. Postmaster Sweeney established a general store there in 1870 and carried it on until 1880, when L. Hartenstein became owner and has since conducted the business. The J. M. O'Neil store is also a busy establishment.
Golden City was founded in 1884 around the ruins of the old Bauer mill, by Golden and Wuller, of Butler borough, who were owners of the celebrated Rock well. The hunt for a name was finished when Mrs. Thomas W. Frazier sug- gested the title " Golden City," in honor of one of the owners. Like other oil towns, it was a transitory affair. Houses appeared in the valley as if by magic, and, when the production fell, disappeared in like manner; so that here as well as at Phillips City, the magician worked both ways. There are some fair producers in this part of the Thorn Creek field, the old Rock well still holding an honora- ble place.
Leota postoffice was established in July, ISSS, with Eli Graham postmaster. It is in the midst of a rich agricultural district.
30
CHAPTER XXXVI.
SAXONBURG BOROUGH.
FOUNDING OF THE VILLAGE-THE SAXON COLONY-CHARLES F. AND JOHN A. ROEB- LING-FIRST SETTLERS-EARLY SCHOOLS - POSTMASTERS - POPULATION - MANU- FACTURERS AND MERCHANTS - ROEBLING'S WIRE FACTORY-HOTEL -- BOROUGH OFFICIALS -- JUSTICES OF THE PEACE -- CHURCHES AND CEMETERIES-SOCIETIES.
N 1880, two German-American citizens, who had spent several prosperous I years in the United States, crossed the Atlantic on a visit to the " Father- land." When they appeared among their relatives and old-time friends in their native town of Muehlhansen, Thueringen, formerly in Old Saxony, now in the Kingdom of Prussia, they found themselves fairly besieged for information con- cerning the young Republic of the New World. Being unable to reply to the increasing number of individual inquiries they held a public meeting, and in the form of addresses, conveyed the desired information to the large audience which had gathered to hear them. Their account of their new home and of the advan- tages and resources of the new nation was so well received that steps were imme- diately taken to organize a colony with a view to emigration.
In the following year, two brothers, Charles F. and John A. Roebling, of Muehlhausen, were selected to come to America as advance agents and purchase a tract of land suitable for the purposes of the proposed colony. In the execution of this trust, the brothers came to Pittsburg, where, after a thorough investiga- tion, they purchased, for $1.25 an acre, from Mrs. Sarah Collins, who had inherited it from her father, Stephen Lowrey, a tract of land embracing about 16,000 acres, situated in what is now Jefferson township. After sending word back to Germany, the Roeblings selected a site for a village, and, adjoining it, a farm for themselves. The latter they set about improving while waiting for the coming of the colony.
In the spring of 1832, 300 families from Muehlhausen and vicinity embarked at Bremen, in three vessels, for America After a two months' voyage two of their vessels landed at Baltimore, and the third at Philadelphia. Owing to many having selected different locations before leaving their native land, and to the activity of colonization agents at Baltimore and Philadelphia, only a few families found their way to the lands selected for them by the Roeblings. They arrived August 24, 1832, at the site of Saxonburg. Their journey from Balti- more had been a long and tedious one, but they performed it with the quiet, enduring and uncomplaining patience characteristic of their race, and which sup- plemented by unremitting industry and the practice of frugality, enabled them, within a few years, to build up a prosperous community in the heart of the wilderness.
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SAXONBURG BOROUGH.
These first settlers of Saxonburg, for whose coming Charles F. and John A. Roebling had prepared the way, embraced the following: Fred Baehr, A. Eisenhart, G. Kinne, Rev. William Fuhrmann, C. G. Lamb, August Kunz, A. Stuebgen, Christian Stuebgen, A. C. Bernigan, J. H. Muder, G. Franke and Charles Tolley. Of these Charles Tolley and Christian Stuebgen came from Philadelphia, where they had arrived six years before. August Kunz and C. G. Lamb were from Zwickau, Saxony. All of the others were from Muehlhausen. They all remained and became permanent settlers except Kinne, Fuhrmann and Kunz.
Charles F. Roebling, the older of the two brothers, married Wilhelmina Fel- ber within a few years after the founding of the village. He died in Saxonburg in 1838. His widow and two children are still living. She resides in this town- ship with her daughter, Mrs. Herman Knoch. Charles Roebling, the son, makes his home in Cincinnati.
John A. Roebling, the younger brother, who came here single, married Hannah Herting. He erected a residence of brick and wood, the walls being brick with wood outside and inside. He made the brick himself. This house is now the residence of Julius Riedel. Mr. Roebling, who was a native of Muehlhausen, where he was born June 6, 1806, had in in his youth been edu- cated in architecture and engineering, for which, at an early age, he displayed great talent. Before coming to America he had made a thorough study of bridge architecture and construction, and had submitted plans for a suspension bridge across Buhr river to some of the leading engineers of Prussia. Suspension bridges had been previously planned and constructed, but had proven failures. His plans looking to the substitution of wire rope or cable for the chain cable were regarded as chimerical and impracticable. His faith in the practicability of the wire cable did not desert him, and with the petinacity of one believing in himself he kept turning the idea over in his mind until he evolved a scientific wire rope or cable, for which he secured a patent in 1812. These he began to manufacture at his home in Saxonburg, being assisted by Mr. John Riedel. His first cable stood the test of practical nse in the Sharpsburg ferry. He next secured a contract from from the state board of public work for their use on the canals and inclined planes. He then began the construction of those great works which stand today as monuments to his inventive genius and engineering skill, and which brought about a revolution in bridge building. Among these may be mentioned the sus- pension wire aqueduct across the Allegheny river at Pittsburg, constructed in 1844; the suspension bridge across Niagara river, begun in 1852, and com- pleted in 1855 ; the suspension bridge across the Ohio river from Cincinnati to Covington. begun in 1856 and finished in 1857 ; the bridge across the Allegheny at Pittsburg, begun in 1858 and completed in 1860, and last-the greatest and grandest of all-the East River suspension bridge, connecting New York and Brooklyn. This is the largest suspension bridge in the world, and is a marvel of modern engineering skill. It was completed in 1853. While personally super- intending the work of laying out the towers for the bridge, Roebling's foot was crushed by a piece of timber. Lockjaw set in, resulting in his death July 22. 1869. His son, Washington A. Roebling, succeeded to the work of superintend- ing the construction of the bridge, which was successfully carried on under his.
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HISTORY OF BUTLER COUNTY.
direction. In 1855 Mr. Roebling erected a large factory at Trenton, New Jersey, for the manufacture of wire rope, which is still carried on under the name of John A. Roebling Sons Company.
John HI. Muder and his family, consisting of Veronica, his wife, and Gott- fried, John E. and Henry, his sons, were among the original colonists who arrived in 1-32. They opened a farm, which extended north from Main street, west of the l'fabe House. John E. is the only survivor of the family, and of the pioneer colonists. E. Hlerting, a tailor by trade, with his wife and three daughters- Hannah, Eleanor and Mary-also came in 1832. Hannah afterward became the wife of John A. Roebling. August C. Bernigau was another of the colonist -. Ile came with his wife, Martha, and established a cabinet shop and general store. He died in 1946. Ferd. Baehr and Rebecca, his wife, were also among the original colonist -. Baehr and A. Eisenhart, another colonist .- a single man, who died in 14>,-formed a partnership and established a spinning and carding mill. George Graff came in 1-32 and located on a farm where is now the Laube sub-division of the village. Theodore H. Tolley, Sr., a copper-smith by trade, his wife Virginia and son Theodore H. arrived in 1832. Herman Miller came in 1832 or 1833. Ilis wife died in the latter year, her death being the first in the colony. He moved south in 1 -36 and died in the forties. Ile brought the first canary birds to the Northern States for sale, and made a business of selling birds until his death.
C. G. Lamb came from Zwickau, in company with the Kunz family in 1832. Lamb was accompanied by his wife, Wilhelmina and their infant daughter, bearing the mother's name. On December 17, 1-32, their son Frederick Lamb was born. He was the first child born in Saxonburg. Lamb settled on a farm in the " Glade -. " Adolphus Stuebgen and Christopher Stuebgen, his son, came here in 1832. The father came from Saxony with the colonists. He died in 1846. Christopher, the son, came to America in 1-26 and settled in Philadelphia, where for six years. he worked at the white-smith's trade. In I >32 he came to Saxon- burg with his wife and two daughters -- Amelia and Julia.
Rev. William Fuhrmann, of the Evangelical church, who came with the colonists, was the first minister of the settlement. He brought with him his wife and son Charles. He was the life of the little colony in its darker days. It was through his persuasion that the colonists were induced to remain. He left them himself, however, in I>34, on account of lack of support. Charle- Goebel, a single man, came here early and established himself as a weaver. Fred. Koenig, a single man, who came in 1832 with the Baehrs, was a machinist. He remained until 1835. G. Franke, one of the original colonists, settled in Sarvers- ville.
In 1-33 Emil Maurhoff arrived, and later established a general store, in company with F. D. Schweitering, where is now the Muder resi- dence. F. D. Schweitering, a settler of 1-33, was well known as a success- ful merchant and trader. He married Hannah Walters and was one of the original members of the first church in Saxonburg. Rev. Joseph Sheeley, who was credited with being an able scholar and a master of the German, Latin, Greek and Ilebrew languages, was well known to the early settlers. He died in
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SAXONBURG BOROUGH.
1-58 or 1854. H. F. Aderhold arrived in 1-83, established a bakery and con- fectionery and subsequently opened the first hotel in the village. In the same year, also, came J. G. Helmbold, whose sons, E. A. and Theodore, were success- ful merchants in Saxonburg.
In 1837 came Francis Laube, the old innkeeper, and Frederick _1. Hoffman, whose son Charles served in the Mexican and the late wars, filled the offices of justice of the peace and county commissioner, and of postmaster of the village. F. A. Kunz and Adam Ohl came about the same time. Doctor Koch, one of the ablest and most popular physicians of his day, practiced here from 1-43 to 1850, when he moved to Missouri, where he died.
The first school was established in the village in 1-35, with Benjamin Douthett as teacher. His endeavors to instruct the German youth in English do not appear to have proven successful. Within a year the school was turned over to a German named Emminger, who conducted it until 1-41, after which the teaching of English under the common school system seems to have met with more favor. The total revenue for school purposes in January, 1894, was $1,368.79.
It is said that, in 1>3>, A. Bernigau was appointed postmaster, and that he carried on the office satisfactorily until Frederick Scheeley was commissioned, a few years later. In 1847, C. Stnebgen was appointed ; then II. F. Aderhold, next; in 1861, Emil Maurhoff ; then Charles lloffman, who served from 1870 to 1885, when Emil Stuebgen was commissioned. On his death his widow was given the appointment and carried on the office until May 19, 1891, when G. W. Maurhoff was appinted.
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