History of Luzerne, Lackawanna, and Wyoming counties, Pa.; with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers, Part 109

Author: Munsell, W.W., & Co., New York
Publication date: 1880
Publisher: New York, W.W. Munsell & co.
Number of Pages: 900


USA > Pennsylvania > Luzerne County > History of Luzerne, Lackawanna, and Wyoming counties, Pa.; with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 109
USA > Pennsylvania > Lackawanna County > History of Luzerne, Lackawanna, and Wyoming counties, Pa.; with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 109
USA > Pennsylvania > Wyoming County > History of Luzerne, Lackawanna, and Wyoming counties, Pa.; with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 109


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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Farming was conducted in the most primitive style, no machinery being known. The winters were passed in threshing the grain and hauling it to Easton, the only


351


GROWTH OF PLYMOUTH'S BUSINESS INTERESTS.


market within reach of the early settlers. Benjamin Harvey, who lived in the lower end of the township, near the mouth of Harvey's creek, used the surface of a large flat rock as a threshing floor. This rock, which was one of the defences used by the settlers at " Plunk- ett's " battle, has been broken up and carried away. Each farmer had his plot of flax, and the cloth for the clothes of the men and boys was made at home.


The first mills were built about 1780, Robert Faulkner having erected a log grist mill on Shupp's creek: while Benjamin Harvey in the same year built a log grist-mill and residence on Harvey's creek. The Harvey mill was occupied by Abram Tilbury, the son-in-law of Mr. Har- vey. The first saw-mill was also built in that year, by Hezekiah Roberts, on Ransom's creek, and in 1795 Samuel Marvin built a saw-mill on Whittlesey's creek. Philip Shupp built a grist-mill on Shupp's creek below the site of the old Faulkner mill, that Colonel Wright thinks must have been built as early as 1800, and in the time of his boyhood was the principal flouring mill in the town. The only mill now in operation in the town- ship is the grist-mill on Harvey's creek at West Nanti- coke. This was built by Henry Yingst, a German from Dauphin county, for Joshua Pugh, about 1833. Mr. Yingst was the first miller employed in this mill. The mill has passed through the hands of several persons.


Previous to 1774 the settlers of Plymouth depended entirely on getting their supplies of such articles as were absolutely necessary from Wilkes-Barre or Sunbury. In this year Benjamin Harvey, jr., established a small retail store in the log house of his father, near the site of the present "Christian " church building. " Here, for a couple of years, he dealt in a small way in articles of ab- solute necessity-salt, leather, iron ware, a few groceries, etc. At that time, and for many subsequent years, all articles of merchandise were transported upon the river in 'Durham boats.' Ten or twelve miles up the stream was considered a fair day's work." Until the completion of the Easton and Wilkes-Barre turnpike, in 1807, no other means of transportation was known. "After the enlistment of Mr. Harvey in the United States army his father took charge of his small stock of goods and sold them out, but the store was never replenished." From this time to 1808, a period of thirty-two years, there was no store kept in Plymouth. Joseph Wright, father of Colonel Hendrick B. Wright, now of Wilkes-Barre, and author of "Sketches of Plymouth," came into Union township with his father, Caleb Wright, from New Jersey, in 1795. He married and settled in Plymouth, where he started a small retail store in the east room of the Wright homestead, now standing just below the limits of the present borough of Plymouth. The first sale made in this store was of a Jew's harp to Jameson Harvey, who paid a sixpence in cash. The first entry upon the books of Mr. Wright, now in the possession of his son, Colonel H. B. Wright, is dated February 26th, 1808, and reads: " Abraham Tilbury, dr., to one qt. of rum, at 7-6 per gal- lon, fo Is. 1012d." As only the necessaries of life were then kept, rum must have been considered essential.


Mr. Harvey, who bought the Jew's harp when a boy, is now living, at the advanced age of 82 years, and is un- doubtedly the only person now living who traded at this store during the first year of its existence. The "Cones- toga wagon" had been added to the means of transpor- tation, and goods were now brought overland from Eas- ton as well as by water from Sunbury. All goods were brought into the valley by one or the other of these means of carriage until the opening of the canal in 1830. Rev. George Lane bought the store of Joseph Wright in 1812, and kept it nearly a year, when he entered into a partnership with Benjamin Harvey, son of Elisha Har- vey. The new firm did business in a small frame build- ing on the site of Smith's Opera House until 1816, when Mr. Lane went to Wilkes-Barre, and Mr. Harvey to Hun- tington. Immediately after the sale of his store to Mr. Lane, Joseph Wright entered into a partnership with Benjamin Reynolds and Joel Rogers. They opened a store in a small frame building on the east side of the road, opposite the present (1873) residence of Henderson Gaylord." This firm dissolved in October, 1814, and the business was continued by Joel Rogers & Co. up to 1816, then by Reynolds, Gaylord & Co. to December, 1818, then by Mr. Gaylord to the fall of 1824, when he entered into a ten years' partnership with the late Wil- liam C. Reynolds. Gaylord & Reynolds established a branch at Kingston. From 1836 Mr. Gaylord and Dra- per Smith formed a partnership to 1839. From 1816 to 1827 the business stand was on the premises now occupied as a hotel by John Deane. In 1827 Mr. Gay- lord built a store across the street, in which he and Mr. Smith traded till they dissolved, and Mr. Gaylord to 1856, when he retired.


About 1828 John Turner opened a store where Turner Brothers now are. Soon after that he sold his stock to Gaylord & Reynolds. Asa Cook commenced business in the Turner store, and was soon followed by John Tur- ner, and the establishment has been continued down to the present time either in his name or the name of his sons. Samuel Davenport and Elijah Reynolds opened a store in 1834. This firm was dissolved in 1835, and the business continued by Samuel Davenport to 18.40, then by him and John B. Smith till 1850, and for several years succeeding by Mr. Smith. Ira Davenport opened his store in 1845. Jameson Harvey opened a store at West Nanticoke about 1843.


As the saw-mill of Marvin was built in 1795, it is alto- gether probable that frame houses were constructed soon after, and that several were built about the same time. Of these first houses there are now standing the old red house, or Ransom homestead, the Davenport homestead, the widow Heath house and the Joseph Wright house. The first stone house was built by Mr. Coleman in 1806, and is now known as the " Hodge house." In digging the cellar of this house the bones of Indians were ex- humed. The first coal ever burned in Plymouth, for do mestic purposes, was burned in this house, by Abijah Smith, who boarded there while working his mine. Freeman Thomas built the stone house that is now occu-


352


HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY.


pied by M. Garrahan in 1830. The first brick building was built by Matthias Nesbitt in 1847. This was a story and a half dwelling and was afterward burned. Samuel Davenport built a brick dwelling in 1848, and the J. B. Smith homestead was erected in 1849.


George P. Smith kept tavern in the old red house, as did the widow Heath in the old house now standing by the old elm tree, which was probably the first tavern in the township. Oliver Davenport kept tavern where the Hon. J. J. Shonk lives, as early as 1822. A hotel was built by Mr. Deittrich where the Eley house now stands, and was kept by several persons. This was afterward burned. Daniel Carey built a Hotel about 1832, where the Harvey's Creek Hotel now stands. He afterward built a large house where the canal barn now stands, which was moved in 1839 by Joseph Edwards and George Mack to where it now stands. It is the Harvey's Creek Hotel, James J. Ruch proprietor.


CIVIL GOVERNMENT.


Plymouth, being one of the districts of the town of Westmoreland, was governed by the digest of rules and regulations prepared by the Susquehanna Company, under which the principal authority as to township government was vested in a board, "to be composed of three able and judicious men among such settlers." These were elected on the first Monday of December of each year, and were " to take upon them the direction of the settle- ment of each town, under the company, and the well ordering and the governing of the same." These direct- ors were required to meet on the first Monday of each month, with their peace officers, and to take into consid- eration the good of the people, as well as to hear and decide such disputes as might be brought before them. They were empowered to inflict punishment upon of- fenders, either by reproof and fine, or fine and corporal punishment. The directors of all the towns were re- quired to meet quarterly, to take into consideration the good of the whole people, or of any particular town; to hear the appeal of any who might think themselves ag- grieved by the award of the directors of their own town; and to come to such resolutions as they might think for the general good. No appeal lay "from the doings of such quarterly meeting, or their decrees, to the Susque- hanna Company, save in disputes as to land."


Phineas Nash, Captain David Marvin and J. Gaylord, elected in December, 1774, were the first directors of Plymouth. March Ist, 1774, it was voted that "Ply- mouth, with all ye land west of Susquehanna river, south and west to the town line, be one district, by the name of Plymouth district." Samuel Ransom was appointed se- ectman; Asaph Whittlesey, collector of rates; Elisha Swift, Samuel Ransom and Benjamin Harvey, surveyors of highways; John Baker and Charles Gaylord, viewers of fences; Elisha Swift and Gideon Baldwin as listers, to make enrollments; Phineas Nash and Thomas Heath, as grand jurors; Timothy Hopkins, tithing man, and Thomas Heath, key keeper. It was "voted at this meeting that for ye present ye tree that stands northerly from Captain


Butler's house shall be ye town sign-post." March 24th, 1786, it was voted " that all such houses as are within the limits or this common-field, and occupied with families, be removed out of said field by the tenth of April next; the committee to give speedy warning to any such resi- dents and see it is put in execution. The house now oc- cupied by the widow Heath excepted, provided the said widow Heath shall run a fence so as to leave her house without said field." The best authorities locate the "common-field " on the brow of Ant hill, as the old frame house still standing and occupied by William Jen- kins was the property of widow Heath. The school- house which stood on the opposite side of the road, and a little below the old elm tree, was most probably the place in which all public meetings were held, and the old elm tree the sign and whipping post of old Plymouth.


The records of the township officers of Plymouth un- der the Pennsylvania jurisdiction extend no further back than 1828, and even these are but poorly kept. It is known, however, that Joseph Wright and Henderson Gaylord, both men of signal ability, kept an eye on the business of the township and straightened many a tangled account for the township officers between the years 1807 and 1828. But the records of their work, if any were made, have all been lost. The following have been the principal township officers of Plymouth, as far as can be ascertained:


Supervisors .- William Hunt, 1828 ; John Smith, 1828 ; Isaae Fuller, 1829; James Nesbitt, 1829 ; Samuel Ranson, 1830, 1841; Joseph Keller, 1831, 1834, 1835, 1837; James Hayward, 1831; Benjamin Reynolds, 1830; Hiram Drake, 1832; Joseph L. Worthington, 1832, 1833, 1841, 1847-49 ; Jared L. Baldwin, 1833; Freeman Thomas, 1834-36, 1840; Jonathan MeDonald, 1836-38 ; Sam- uel Van Loon, 1838; William Ransom, 1833; Oliver Davenport 2nd, 1839 ; John Elston, 1840; James Van Loon, 1842; Truman Atherton, 1842; Henry Sears, 1843; Samuel Coons, 1845, 1863, 1864; John Moyer, 1845; Caleb Atherton, 1846; Samuel Davenport, 1847; William Nesbitt, 1848; J. F. Reynolds, 1849; 1ra Davenport, 1850, 1854; Benjamin Duran, 1850; Joel Gabriel, 1851; Oliver Davenport, 1852, 1853, 1855 ; Hiram Davenport, 1852, 1833 ; Benjamin Devens, 1854; Clark Davenport, 1855-61, 1863-66; George Davenport, 1856-58, 1860-62 ; George Hoover, 1858; Gardner Nesbitt, 1862; John Jessup, 1865-67 ; Thomas Harris, 1867; Josephi Jaquish, 1868-71; Sam- nel llarrison, 1869, 1870; J. R. Linn, 1872; Henry L. Hughes, 1822 ; Owen Doyle, 1873, 1874; Owen MeDonald, 1874; Daniel Fraee, 1875; William Charles, 1875; Patriek Cowell, 1876; Martin Collins, 1876; Joseph Linn, 1877 ; Hiram Labar, 1877; Patrick Roan, 1878; Abram Deets, 1878; Wil- liam P. Evans, 1879 ; H. Smith, 1879.


Justiccs .- Appointed: James Sutton, July 4th, 1808; David Perkins, September 30th, 1808; William Trux, March 30th, 1809; Moses Scovel, July 12th, 1809 ; Stephen Hollister, June 30th, 1810 ; Charles Chapman, January 18th, 1813; Samuel Thomas, March 20th, 1816: Jacob F. Bogardus, Janu- ary 9th, 1817; Dr. John Smith, August 2nd, 1819; Benjamin Reynolds, August 17th, 1820; Alva C. Phillips, November 15th, 1852; John Bennett, November 1st, 1825; Thomas Irwin, December 11th, 1826 ; Reuben Holgate, November 24th, 1829; James Nesbitt, December 16th, 1831; Simeon F. Rogers, December 16th, 1831; Fisher Gay, December 4th, 1832; J. R. Baldwin, May 27th, 1833; Watson Baldwin, December 20th, 1833; Sharp D. Lewis, April 18th, 1835; J. I. Bogardus, July 15th, 1836; Caleb Atherton, September 30th, 1837; John P. Rice, September 30th, 1837; Peter Alien, October 25th, 1838; Henderson Gaylord, October 29th, 1838; Addison C. Church, May 10th, 1839. Elected for terms of five years: Samuel Wad- hams, 1840; Ebenezer Chamberlin, 1840, 1845, 1856, 1861; Hiram Drake; 1841 ; John Ingham, 1845; George Brown, 1845; Samuel Davenport, 1851; Caleb Atherton, 1851 ; Elijah C. Wadhams, 1855, 1860, 1865: E. L. Prince, 1855 ; John B. Smith, 1861; Joseph Ives, 1867, 1872; John C. Jaquish, 1868; Harrison Nesbitt, 1873; James Stookey, 1875; William L. Pritchard, 1878.


HAMLETS.


The hamlet of West Nanticoke, situated at the mouth of Harvey's creek, contains about twenty dwellings, the Harvey's Creek Hotel, James J. Ruch proprietor ; the


353


CHURCHES OF PLYMOUTH TOWNSHIP.


store of William Yingst and a grist-mill. James Stookey, Esq., is postmaster at this place.


At Grand Tunnel are most of the houses connected with the Susquehanna Coal Company's mine, and, it being at the head of the Pennsylvania Canal, the business of shipping coal is done here. The post-office is in the store of Hildreth & Co .; John M. Lyon superintendent of the store and postmaster.


Larksville is the meeting place of Wahoo Tribe, No. 119, L. O. R. M. which was instituted March 30th, 1870, by Grand Sachem Charles C. Conly, of Philadelphia, with the following charter members: John C. Jaquish, Har- rison Nesbitt, George Kelley, David Shipp, D. R. Pender- grast and S. D. Robbins.


The first officers were: David Shipp,S .; John C. Jaquish, S. S .; Harrison Nesbitt, J. S .; George Kelley, C. of R .; D R. Pendergrast, R. of W.


The past sachems are David Shipp, John C. Jaquish, Harrison Nesbitt, Peter Brown, J. L. Samison, James Hayward, Isaac Samison, William Blackman, David L. Davis, John Powell, Daniel S. Davis and Edwin Howe.


The present officers are: Stephen Dodson, S .; David Shipp, C. of R .; Harrison Nesbitt, R. of W. The lodge meets each Saturday night at Snyder's Hall.


CHURCHES OF THE TOWNSHIP.


Methodist Class of Larksville .- The Methodists formed a class at Larksville or Blind Town at an early day, but owing to the loss of all the early class books no record of the original members can be given. John Culvert was the first class leader, and after him Joseph Jaquish acted in that capacity up to the time of his death. The minis- ters were supplied from the Kingston church, of which this class formed a part. In 1873 a church was erected at a cost of about $4,000. This was soon afterward sold at sheriff's sale, and bought by the "Christian" society. Since that time the meetings have been held in the school-house. The preachers have been supplied by the Kingston Seminary, Mr. Morish, a student of that insti- tution, being the present minister.


Snowden Memorial Presbyterian Church, of Larksville. -The Presbyterians of Larksville organized a church soci_ ety May 27th, 1870, with the following as the original mem- bers: Mrs. Charles Hughes, Mrs. Ellen Keller, Mrs. John Keller, Mrs. William Bryden, Mrs. Samuel Diggery, Mrs. John Bersch, Miss Pantha Keller and J. Warden and wife.


Although the members of the church were nearly all ladies their husbands freely gave their money for the sup- port of the church, as the fact that they built a church in 1872 costing from $3,000 to $4,000 will prove. The first service held in the church was the funeral of Mrs. Samuel Vanette, March 26th, 1872; the next being the funeral of Hiram Hunter, March 28th, 1872. Rev. Dr. Roberts, of New Jersey, preached the dedicatory sermon, July 30th, 1872. The church property is located at Larksville, a place which was named in memory of Mrs. Polly Lark, who. owned the land on which the village is located, was very liberal with her property and died at the age of one hundred and six years.


This church was named " Snowden Memorial church" from the fact that it was the third Presbyterian church in the valley for which Rev. E. Hazard Snowden had been instrumental in providing sanctuaries. Two of these, the Plymouth and Larksville congregations, were gathered from the world and organized by Mr. Snowden.


The church edifice is pleasantly situated on an elevated plateau, where it meets the eye in all directions; the lot is 120 feet square and was donated to the congregation by the Northern Coal and Iron Company.


The church was taken under the care of the Presbytery of Lackawanna at its stated meeting in September, 1879. Mr. Snowden continues pastor, although over seventy years old. The Sabbath-school is in a flourishing condition.


"Christian" Church of Larksville .- In 1832 Rev. G. W. Richmond, a " Christian " minister, formed a church here, including the Snyders and a part of the Keller family.


Meetings were held in the school house until the pur- chase of the building erected by the Methodist society about 1875. This church has the same minister as the "Christian " church in Plymouth borough.


Welsh Congregational Church .- The Welsh Congre- gationalists residing on the eastern slope of Ross' hill, in Plymouth township, completed the organization of a church society November 18th, 1868. The members of the society at this time were William L. Roberts and wife, Edward Hopwood, John T. Davis and wife, David S. Isaacs and wife, Isaac Jones and wife, Isaac Thomas, Reese Jones and wife, William Hatchwell and wife, Mrs. Jones and Mrs. Joseph Reeves. Meetings were held in one of the houses of the Kingston Coal Company for some time. In 1871 the congregation erected a fine wooden edifice, costing about $7,000. The dedicatory services were held in March, 1872. There were present Revs. David T. Davis, T. C. Edwards, Edward T. Lewis, D. Daniels, D. E. Evans, S. R. Jones, and - Hare.


The first minister was Rev. David T. Davis, pastor from 1871 to 1874; Rev. John G. Evans from September, 1875, to 1877, when Rev. T. C. Edwards was placed over the church, who continues to preach to the congregation.


Isaac Jones was the first Sunday-school-superintendent. There is now an attendance of 225 pupils.


First Welsh Baptist Church of Kingston -This church. on Ross hill, was organized by the Welsh miners working in the vicinity, in June, 1871. Daniel Griffith was elected deacon and William Samuel clerk. The other members were Mrs. Daniel Griffith, Mrs. William Samuel, David Pritchard and wife, Morgan Williams and wife and Thomas D. Davis.


Meetings were held in the Yellow-wash school-house. The church was supplied by different ministers, but prin- cipally by Rev. Theophilus Jones, of Wilkes Barre, until August 18th, 1876; since then James R. Price has been the pastor.


A neat and commodious church, costing $2,000, was opened for service November 9th, 1879, and dedicated on Christmas day, 1879. Henry Jenkins was the first super- intendent of the Sunday-school. About go children at- tend the school.


354


HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY.


COAL MINING IN PLYMOUTH TOWNSHIP.


Daniel Davenport was engaged in the mining of coal in Plymouth as early as 1826. In 1828 Freeman Thomas began driving what is known as the "grand tunnel," which was the first rock tunneling ever done in the Wyo . ming valley. After three or four years of persevering la- bor he struck the big red ash vein, much to the astonish- ment of his neighbors, who had laughed at his efforts. Jameson Harvey began operations on his property below the "grand tunnel " in 1832, and mined coal for several years.


Among the early coal operators of Plymouth were Ziba Davenport, Thomas Borbidge, Francis J. Smith, John Ingham, John Flanigan and Martin Brennan; and of a later day John J. Shonk, W. L. Lance, E. C. Wadhams, John B. Smith and others. There are now no individual operators in Plymouth, all the mines being worked by some one of the large coal companies, except one operated by a company of three men.


DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA & WESTERN RAILROAD CO.


This company operates two breakers in Plymouth, the Boston and Avondale, under lease.


The Boston Mine, situated near Larksville, was opened in 1857, by the Boston Coal Company, who operated the mine one year and then leased the works to the Dela- ware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad Company. The Boston Coal Company sold to the Delaware & Hudson Canal Company in 1868, and the latter now owns the mine, subject to the lease of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western. The breaker, located near the river, and just above the old cemetery, is reached by a railroad nearly two miles in length, over which the coal is hauled by a twenty ton locomotive. Robert Hutchinson is superintendent, with H. P. Davis as inside boss. There are InI men and boys employed outside, and 167 inside. The mine is working the "Cooper " and "Patent " veins, forming the "Baltimore " vein. There are 36 tenant houses con- nected with the works.


The Avondale Mine was leased by John C. Phelps, of Wilkes-Barre, June 13th, 1863, of William C. Reynolds, Henderson Gaylord and others. In January, 1866, Mr. Phelps assigned it to the Steuben Coal Company, which was subsequently merged with the Nanticoke Coal and Iron Company. The latter erected the breaker and leased to the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company.


One of the most frightful accidents that ever occurred in America took place here September 9th, 1869. The breaker burned, and there being but one outlet, and that through the breaker, two hundred and eight men were suffocated. The coroner's jury returned a verdict de- claring that the men came to their deaths from "the ex- haustion of atmospheric air and the prevalence of sul- phuric and carbonic acid gases in the said Avondale mine,


caused by the burning of the head house and breaker at said mines." By this accident seventy-two widows and one hundred and fifty-three orphans were left to mourn the loss of husband and father. Relief committees were organized in various towns, and by October 2nd the sub- scriptions amounted to $155,825.10. Thomas W. Wil- liams, of Plymouth, and David Jones, of Grand Tunnel, lost their lives in the attempt to reach the men in the mines. A new breaker was erected at once, and the mine has been operated ever since. Conrad Lee is outside foreman, and T. J. Philips inside boss; 240 men and boys are employed inside, and about 150 outside. About Soo tons of coal are mined daily.


CHAUNCEY BREAKER.


This mine is situated between the Avondale mine and the Susquehanna Coal Company's breaker. Charles Hutchinson & Co. began work here in 1860. They sold to Albrighton & Co., and the present owners bought in August, 1868. The capacity is 200 tons daily, but the production is only 125 tons, fifty men and boys being em- ployed. Thomas P. Macfarlane is outside foreman and Buckley Allebach mining boss.


SUSQUEHANNA COAL COMPANY'S BREAKER NO. 3


is situated on the "grand tunnel " property of Freeman Thomas, and also works the coal from the lands of Jamieson Harvey. The company erected the present breaker, as the old workings were farther from the river, coal having been hauled to the river and shipped without being prepared.


The Buck mountain vein, with its red ash benches, is worked. The machinery consists of 5 rolls, 15 screens, 2 hauling engines of 370 horse power, with a capacity of 840 tons daily; 3 pumps with a capacity of 400 gallons per minute, and 20 boilers of Soo horse power. One hun- dred and eighty men and boys are employed inside, under Worthy Carver, mining boss, and 150 outside, under James W. Macfarlane, outside foreman. O. K. Bennett has charge of the office of the company at this place.


James Macfarlane opened the Macfarlane shaft in 1857, between the Susquehanna breaker and the Union mine. The breaker burned down in 1865, and the mine having been connected with the workings of the Susque- hanna Coal Company, it is worked through their breaker.


KINGSTON COAL COMPANY'S BREAKER NO. 2.


This breaker is located on the eastern slope of Ross hill in Plymouth township, and the mine is worked by Waterman & Beaver. Morgan D. Rosser is mining boss, and about 225 men and boys are employed inside and 150 outside. Some 1,250 tons of coal are mined daily. The shaft is about half a mile from the breaker, the coal being hauled by mine locomotives. John J. Morgan has charge of the office connected with the breaker.




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