USA > Pennsylvania > Luzerne County > History of Luzerne, Lackawanna, and Wyoming counties, Pa.; with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 111
USA > Pennsylvania > Lackawanna County > History of Luzerne, Lackawanna, and Wyoming counties, Pa.; with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 111
USA > Pennsylvania > Wyoming County > History of Luzerne, Lackawanna, and Wyoming counties, Pa.; with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 111
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Plymouth Savings Bank was incorporated in 1871; au- thorized capital, $250,000; capital taken, $25,000. Offi- cers: Ira Davenport, president; Peter Shupp, vice-presi- dent, and W. W. Deitrick, cashier.
THE COAL INTEREST.
FIRST USE, MINING AND SHIPMENTS.
To Plymouth belongs the honor of having sent the first anthracite coal to market, and to Abijah Smith the greater honor of having been the pioneer of the great anthracite coal trade of Pennsylvania. He came to Plymouth in 1806, and bought 75 acres of coal land on the east side of Ransom's creek. In 1807 he began mining, and coal has been mined from the opening made by him nearly every year since. In this year he bought of John P. Arndt, for $24, an " ark " that had been used in bringing plaster down the river, and loaded it with about fifty tons of coal, mined on the lands of Calvin Wadhams by strip- ping off the earth. Late in the season he ran the ark to Columbia, Lancaster county. This was the first anthra- cite coal ever offered in the market. In the spring of 1808 Abijah Smith and his brother John, who had come to Plymouth from Derby, Conn., and bought an adjoining tract of 120 acres of coal land, loaded two arks and took them to Columbia; but they could not sell it, as the peo- ple declared the black stones to be worthless. Not to be discouraged they again loaded their arks, and the next year went again to Columbia, but this time provided with a grate. This was put up in the presence of the spectators
and a fire built with coal. Doubt was dispelled, and an opening made for a small trade.
Coal was then quarried rather than mined. Teams drove right into the Smith mine and loaded; six loads being considered a day's work. The arks in which the coal was shipped were built on the bank of the small stream that crosses the street near the blacksmith shop of A. Gabriel. The Smiths had constructed a basin near the mouth of this stream, where the arks were built, and all the men in the neighborhood assisted in launching them. Coal was sent to market in lump, and was broken by the consumer with hammers. The first coal-breaker was driven by horse power. It was in Plymouth that powder was first used in coal mining in Pennsylvania. Abijah Smith got John Flanigan, from Milford, Connec- ticut to begin blasting in March, 1818.
LEHIGH AND WILKES-BARRE COAL COMPANY.
This company first began mining coal in Plymouth in 1874, having leases .of the Lance breaker, Nottingham shaft and Washington breaker. The superintendent of the works of the company in Plymouth is F. E. Tiffany, with E. M. Marple as accountant and J. Jones machinist. The company has seventy-three tenant houses in con- nection with its different works. It put its mines under contract to Charles Parrish, January Ist, 1871, and he now operates them.
The Lance Breaker, also known as Lehigh and Wilkes- Barre Coal Company's Breaker No. 11, was first opened by John J. Shonk and W. L. Lance in 1864. Mr. Shonk sold to Mr. Lance in 1866, and he to Samuel Bonnell in 1871. The present owners bought of Mr. Bonnell. James Linn is outside foreman, and Daniel Reese min- ing boss. The breaker has a capacity of 875 tons daily, but in October, 1879, was only worked up to 700 tons. The "Bennett " vein is being worked. Ninety men and boys are employed outside, and two hundred and thirty inside.
Nottingham Breaker (Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Company's No. 15) was first opened by the Nottingham Coal Company, who sank the shaft to the " 7-foot " vein and then leased to Thomas Broderick & Co., in August, 1869. Broderick & Co. sank the shaft to the red-ash or " B " vein, and sold their lease to the Lehigh Navigation and Coal Company, April Ist, 1872. This company sold to the Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Company, January Ist, 1874. This breaker employs two hundred and fifty men and boys, under the charge of George R. Conner, outside foreman. Five hundred men and boys are employed in- side, under James B. Davis, inside boss. The breaker is one of the largest in the valley, having a capacity of 1,700 tons daily, and is now working to 1,500 tons.
Washington Breaker (Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Company's No. 16) was first opened by John Shay, about 1854, who partly erected the breaker, drift and inclined plane. He then formed a company under the title of Shutz, Shay & Heebner, who operated the mine for a time, with John B. Smith as superintendent. Thomas Broderick & Co. obtained a lease of these works August,
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357
COLLIERIES AT PLYMOUTH.
1869, and sold their lease April 1st, 1872, to the Lehigh Navigation and Coal Company, who sold to the Wikes- Barre Coal Company January ist, 1874. The works em- ploy one hundred and twenty men and boys outside, un- der Peter H. Garrehan, outside foreman, and two hun- dred inside, under David W. Evans, mining foreman. The breaker has a capacity of six hundred tons per day, and the mine, situated on the hill one-fourth of a mile away, is worked to the full capacity of the breaker.
DELAWARE AND HUDSON CANAL COMPANY.
This company has five breakers in Plymouth township and borough. It first began mining here in 1872, by shipments from No. 2 breaker. It has one hundred and ten tenant houses. E. R. Peckins is general superintend- ent in Plymouth, and Isaac Mark machinist.
Delaware and Hudson No. I was opened by Robert Hutchinson & Brother in 1855, for a company of Phila- delphia men, under the name of the Plymouth Coal Com- pany. They sold to the Northern Coal and Iron Com- pany in 1869, and they to the present owners. The breaker burned in 1877, since which time the mine has been idle. There are four engines with an aggregate of one hundred and forty horse power.
Delaware and Hudson No. 2, about a quarter of a mile from No. I, was opened by the present owners in 1861. The breaker was not erected until 1864. The outside foreman is Charles Van Loon, and William Cobley is mining boss. The mine has a capacity of about seven hundred tons per day, and employs two hundred men and boys inside, and one hundred and twenty outside. The works are operated by five engines of an aggregate of two hundred and ten horse power. The mine was opened in the "Cooper " vein.
Delaware and Hudson No. 3, on the railroad leading from the Boston mine to the Boston breaker, and about a mile from the river, was opened to the "Cooper " vein in 1870-71. The shaft was only rock over one-half of its area, the other half being quicksand. The breaker has a capacity of Soo tons daily, but stood idle from its completion to October, 1879. It has four engines, with an aggregate of one hundred and sixty-five horse power, and one Cornish bull pump of ten feet stroke.
Delaware and Hudson No. 4 was worked by Patten, Fenderson & Co. up to 1850, when they were closed out at sheriff's sale, and the property bought by A. C. Laning & Co. In 1860 J. J. Shonk, Payne Pettebone and William Swetland bought the mine, and they worked it till 1863, when they sold to the Jackson Coal Company, which now owns the land, and which leased to the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company in 1878. This breaker has a capacity of over 700 tons per day, and employs about 90 men and boys outside, and 230 inside. The works are operated by five engines, aggregating 195 horse power, and include three pumps, with a capacity of 45 barrels per minute. The outside foreman is Charles Lawson, the mining boss Edward Hahn. The breaker is in Poke Hol- low, Plymouth township.
Delaware and Hudson No. 5 was begun in 1858, by the 1
Plymouth Coal Company, under the superintendence of J. C. Fuller. That company sold to the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company in 1865. The breaker is on the railroad running to No. 4, and is within the borough limits. The outside foreman is August Schnell, and the mine boss Ca- leb Shonk. The breaker produces about 400 tons daily, and employs 90 men and boys outside, and 130 inside. There are 5 engines, with an aggregate of 185 horse power. There is a slope inside 2, 100 feet in length
DODSON SHAFT.
This breaker, on the Lackawanna and Bloomsburg railroad, was opened in 1869 by Fellows, Dodson & Co., who operated the mine until 1872. They then sold their lease to the Wilkes-Barre Coal and Iron Company, who operated the mine until they went into the hands of a receiver, in 1877. The works remained idle from this time to October Ist, 1878, when the Plymouth Land Company-J. J. Shonk and J. W. Eno, the lessors-again got control of the lands and leased to J. C. Haddock, G. W. Shonk and E. F. Stevens, who now operate the mine. E. F. Stevens is superintendent and Michael Shonk inside boss. There are about 200 men and boys employed about the works. The power is furnished by two eighty horse power hoisting engines, one forty horse power breaking engine, one pair twenty-five horse power slope engines and one bull pump. There are fifty tenant houses belonging to the works. The capacity of the breaker is 200 tons daily. A slope is being driven to a lower vein, when the capacity will be greatly in- creased.
GAYLORD COAL COMPANY.
This company's mine, northwest of Delaware and Hudson breaker No. 4, was opened by Henderson Gay- lord about 1854. The property was leased to Van Homer & Fellows for several years; then to Mr. Hedstrum, of Buffalo; then to the Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Com- pany. The works were idle four years, after which Mr. Gaylord took them into his own hands. March 15th, 1879, the breaker burned down. The old breaker had a capacity of 500 tons daily, and employed 55 men and boys. A new breaker is now being built under the su- pervision of A. B. Tyrrell, of Kingston, contractor, which will have a capacity of 1,500 tons, and be able to employ 150 men and boys. There will be thirteen engines. The general superintendent is Daniel Edwards, with David Isaacs as outside foreman and George Pictou inside boss. The company has 270 acres of coal.
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THE PRESS OF PLYMOUTH.
In 1856 James Murill Denn published twenty-one numbers of the Plymouth Register, on basswood paper manufactured by W. I .. Lance, at Rupert's Station, Columbia county.
The Plymouth Star was started in January, 1869, by E. D. Barthe, who still continues its publication. The Star was Republican one year, and has since been inde- pendent. In January, 1879, the title was changed to the
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358
HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY.
Weekly Star. The Star is an eight-page, six-column paper.
The Temperance Record was published in 1872 by O. I. Leach. About a year after, A. F. Levi and others took charge of it and changed the title to the Plymouth Index. From the fall of 1873 Levi & O'Hara published it until 1874, then H. D. Bixby and A. F. Levi a few weeks, then A. H. & H. D. Bixby a short time, when the publi- cation stopped. It was revived under the name of Ply- mouth Herald, by Snyder & Cooker, November 30th, 1878. In February, 1879, the latter retired, and N. M. Hartman was associated with Frank R. Snyder. The paper was under this management until May Ist, 1879, when Mr. O'Hara was associated with Mr. Snyder until November Ist, 1879. J. S. Sanders, formerly of the Hazleton Sentinel, then purchased the establishment, and he continued to publish the paper.
Frank R. Snyder published the Plymouth Enterprise a short time during 1878.
SHAWNEE CEMETERY ASSOCIATION.
The Shawnee Cemetery Association was chartered September 5th, 1873, with Draper Smith president, l'eter Shupp treasurer, and R. N. Smith secretary, who still serve. The capital was $10,ooo, in shares of $50. Land was bought of Ira Davenport, John B. Smith and Oliver Davenport, on the hill back of the borough, in Plymouth township, and improvements commenced immediately. The first person buried here was a child of William Shock, aged two years, buried October 27th, 1863. The next was William Jones, who was killed by cars November 6th, 1873.
Previous to the establishment of this cemetery burials were made on a knoll near the Boston breaker. The Davenport, Hodge and Reynolds families each had their family cemeteries. The bodies are being removed from these old burying grounds to Shawnee cemetery as rap- idly as possible. The affairs of the association are being conducted by the following board of managers: John B. Smith, Ira Davenport, Peter Shupp, James McAlarney, John J. Shonk, James B. Pierce, Brice S. Blair, William Davis and A. S. Davenport.
GAS AND WATER COMPANIES.
The Plymouth Gas Company was chartered in 1875, with a capital of $20,000 in shares of $50. The first officers, who have held their offices to the present, were: Draper Smith, president; J. W. Chamberlin, secretary and treasurer, and DeHaven Lance, superintendent. Gas is made from naphtha by what is known as the Paten process. The main pipes are all four inches in diameter.
The Plymouth Water Company organized June 12th, 1875, with Draper Smith, president; J. W. Chamberlin, secretary and treasurer, and DeHaven Lance, superin- endent, all still serving. The capital is $50,000, in shares of $50. The reservoir is just below the depot in Ply- mouth village. The water is collected from streams fed by springs in the mountains of Plymouth township, one and one-half miles from the center of the borough, and
is of great purity. It is collected by a series of dams, each one being filled by the surplus water overflowing the one above. Dam No. 1 is of stone, fifteen feet high. The water has a fall of two hundred and seventy-five feet from this dam to the gauge in the company's office in the village. The main pipe leading from this dam is twelve inches in diameter. The pipe running up Main street is eight inches, and the one in Back street is six inches. There are five four-inch pipes, running from Back street to Main street. All these pipes have gates which allow of their being washed out at any time. Dam No. 2 is about one hundred rods above No. 1, on the same stream, and is twenty feet high. No. 3, forty rods further up, is twenty feet high, and No. 4, one hundred and fifty rods above this is now building, and will be thirteen feet high. All these dams are built of stone, in the best possible manner, with a view to durability. There are no pipes above No. I.
PRINCIPAL BOROUGH OFFICERS.
The following persons have served as burgesses: E. C. Wadhams, 1866-69; J. W. Eno, 1870, 1871, 1873, 1874; C. H. Cool, 1872; E. D. Barthe, 1875; S. L. French, 1876, 1877, 1879; J. Y. Wren, 1878.
The list of justices, with dates of commission, is as fol- lows:
Josiah W. Eno, April 9th, 1867; E. C. Wadhams, November 6th, 1869 ; Josiah W. Eno, April 9th, 1872; Jolin E. Hallock, east ward, April 15th, 1873 ; Bryce S. Blair, west ward, April 15th, 1873; J. W. Eno, first ward, March 17th, 1877 ; C. S. Nesbitt, first ward, first Monday in May, 1878 ; J. E. Halleck, second ward, first Monday in May, 1879; Richard M. Roberts, third ward, March 11th, 1876 ; Abel Moss, third ward, first Monday May, 1879; Augustus Schnell, fourth ward, March 11th, 1876 ; William Gwynne Jones, fourth ward, first Monday May, 1879; Draper Smith, fifth ward, March 11tb, 1876 ; Ziba Van Loon, sixth ward, March 17th, 1877 ; Bryce S. Blair, seventh ward, first Monday May, 1878 ; Samuel Albrighton, eighth ward, March 11th, 1876 ; D. C. Neagley, second ward, first Monday May, 1879.
The officers in 1879 were: S. L. French, burgess; A. F. Levi, H. H. Ashley, Ira Davenport, Thaddeus Eddy, - Powell, D. K. Spy and Frank Turner, councilmen; Samuel Shaffer, clerk.
RELIGIOUS MATTERS.
Count Zinzendorf, the Moravian missionary, is known to have preached to the Indians on the site of Plymouth as early as 1742. He spent several days here, preaching to the Shawnees, through an interpreter. The tent of Count Zinzendorf is known to have stood directly oppo- site the site of the "Christian " church.
The early settlers had no regular meeting place, but met at the most convenient private houses. Most of the people and all of the preachers for several years were Presbyterians. Rev. George Beckwith, of Lyme, Mass., came in 1769. He was succeeded in 1770 by Rev. Jacob Johnson, of Groton, Conn., and the latter in a few months by Rev. Elkanah Holmes. In 1772 Rev. Noah Wadhams, of Litchfield, Connecticut, a graduate of Princeton College, first preached in Plymouth. Meet- ings were held in barns, school-houses and private dwellings, Mr. Wadhams often preaching in his own house on the back road, where he died in 1802.
359
M. E. AND WELSH INDEPENDENT CHURCHES OF PLYMOUTH,
METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.
Rev. Noah Wadhams, who came from Litchfield, Conn., in 1789, was originally a Congregationalist, but soon after settling in Plymouth he became a Methodist, and united with that church, at the forming of a class, in 1791. No records are extant showing the full member- ship of this class; but it is known that Noah Wadhams, Moses Wadhams, Calvin Wadhams, Mrs. Benjamin Har- vey, Mrs. Turner, Mrs. Davenport, Mrs. Pugh, Joshua Pugh, Peter Pugh and Thomas Pringle were members of the early class, or before 1795.
By the accession of families from New York and New Jersey the Methodists became the leading denomination in Plymouth township. A class was formed as early as 1803, known as the Ross Hill class, which, from the showing in the steward's book of the amount paid by each class, was one of the largest in the jurisdiction of the quarterly conference. This class met in a school- house, while the Plymouth or Shawnee class met in the school-house or the dwellings of its members.
The Plymouth class continued small to 1847. The same preacher had supplied both Plymouth and Kings- ton, but the Plymouth class then got a minister from New Jersey. All meetings had been held in the academy since 1815, but in 1853 the Plymouth class was reorgan- ized and began building a church. It was dedicated in 1856. There had been a Sunday-school for a long time under the general direction of the Methodists; but at this time a distinct Methodist Sunday-school was formed, which has been kept up ever since. From this time the church began to increase in numbers.
In 1877 an elegant brick church was erected at a cost of $34,000. The dedication took place on January 9th, 1878. There are now about 300 members in the con- gregation, and 420 pupils connected with the Sunday- school.
The following ministers are known to have been in charge of the Plymouth class at the time stated:
James Campbell, 1791; William Hardesty, 1792; William Colbert and Antony Turch, 1793; James Paynter, 1794; A. White, 1795; Roger Ben- ton, 1797; William Colbert and David Stevens, 1798; James Moore and Benjamin Bidlack, 1799; Ephraim Chambers, Edward Larkins and Asa Smith, 1800-02 ; Jaines Polhemus and 11ngh MeCurdy, 1803 ; Morris Howe and Robert Bursch, 1804; James Paynter and Joseph Carson, 1805; Chris- tian Frye and Alfred Griffith, 1806; Gideon Draper and William Butler, 1807; James Ridley and Henry Montouth, 1808; George Lane and Abra- ham Dawson, 1809; Thomas Wright and Elijah Metcalf, 1810; Noah Bigelow and William Brown, 1811; John Kimberlin and Elisha Bibbins, 1812: Marmaduke Pearce, 1813: Benjamin G. Paddock, 1814; George W. Densmore, 1815; Elias Bowden, 1816, 1817 ; George Peek, 1818; Marmaduke Pearce, 1819; Elisha Bibbins, 1:20, 1821; J. D. Gilbert and W. W. Rundell. 1822 ; George Lane and Gaylord Judd, 1823 ; Morgan Sherman and Joseph Castle, 1824; John Copeland and Philo Barbery, 1825; George Peck and Philo Barbery, 1826; S. Stocking and Miles HI. Gaylord, 1827; Joseph Castle and Silas Comfort, 1828; Leonard Cole, 1856, 1857; A. H. Schoon- maker, 1858, 1859; John W. Munger, 1800, 1861; C. L. Rice, 1862, 1863; John G. Eckman, 1864; C. W. Todd, 1865, 1866; 1. N. Pardee, 1867, 1868; J. La Bar, 1869-71 ; Leonard Cole, 1822-71; S. C. Fulton, 1875 ; E. W. Caswell, 1876-78; and F. S. Brown, the present minister.
WELSH INDEPENDENT CHURCH.
The nucleus of this church existed from about 1855 in the persons of David Levi, William Charles, David Morris and Enoch Powell. Preaching and prayer
meetings were had in private houses. In 1864 the con- gregation had increased to about forty-five members, mostly Welsh Presbyterians. Rev. T. J. Phillips, super- intendent of the Jersey mines, preached in an old house at the foot of Coal street. In 1865 the congre- gation bought a lot of Mr. Gaylord and built a church at a cost of about $2,000. For some time the church was occupied by the Welsh Independents, Welsh Pres- byterians and Welsh Baptists, all uniting in divine ser- vice. Revs. T. J. Phillips and William Davis, of Plymouth, E. B. Evans, of Hye Park, and D. E. Evans, of Providence, preached on alternate Sabbaths.
The officers of the church at this time for the Inde- pendents were David Levi, William Charles and David George; for the Baptists, Peter Roberts.
The congregation became too large for the house and the Baptist portion in 1866 began separate services in the school-house at the foot of Coal street. In 1867 the Presbyterians separated themselves and worshiped in the old academy.
The Welsh Independents were left in possession of the church, with about 45 members. William D. Rogers and David Jones were added to the list of officers.
In 1868 the church had the first minister who was wholly sustained by the Independent congregation, Rev. John Pentyrch Evans, who had just completed a course at one of the colleges in Wales. He was ordained at Hyde Park, in September, 1868, and installed pastor. During the winter of 1868 and 1869 by a revival some 25 names were added to the church rolls. This church lost 7 members in the Avondale disaster. Rev. J. P. Evans going to Yale College in the fall of 1869, the church de- pended on neighboring pastors for preaching for fifteen months.
September 15th, 1871, Rev. B. E. Evans, the present pastor, responded to the call of the church. The church then numbered 150 members, and rapidly increased. A large number left during the dull times, but there still re- main nearly 200. A gallery, seating 150 persons, was added in 1872, at a cost of $150. A lot was bought in 1873, and a church building, forty by sixty, erected in 1874, by Harvey Brothers, contractors. Church and lot cost about $10,300.
The church established a night grammar school, under the direction of D. E. Evans, and as a result four young men were sent to Bangor, Me., for seminary preparation. Two Sunday-schools have been kept up; one in the church, with 200 pupils, and one on Welsh hill, with about 65 pupils.
The present officers are: Deacons-William Charles, Edward Hopwood, Isaac Thomas, Isaac Edwards, John E. Jones and John Walton; secretary, Thomas Jones, and pastor, Rev. D. E. Evans.
ST. VINCENT'S ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH1.
A Roman Catholic society was first organized in No- vember, 1872, with the above title, having been a part of the parish of St. Mary's, of Wilkes-Barre, and under the pastoral charge of Rev. Father O'Haran. A brick church
360
HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY.
was built in 1872. Rev. Richard Hennessey had charge from 1872 to January, 1876; then Father Patrick Tor.er until May, 1877, when Father O'Haran again took charge, services being performed by priests from the cathedral at Scranton.
Rev. Father T. J. Donahue has been pastor since Sep- tember ist, 1877. The society built a parsonage costing $3,000. The Sunday-school has 400 pupils, and there are over 1,200 communicants connected with the church.
ST. STEPHEN'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH.
An Episcopal society was organized in Plymouth in April, 1856, and Rev. George D. Miles, rector of St. Stephen's church of Wilkes-Barre, held services for some time, but the society fell through for lack of support. It was again organized in April, 1873. Charles Parrish do- nated a building that had belonged to the Wadhams es- tate and been used for a school-house. This building, which stands by the side of the Presbyterian church, was fitted up at an expense of $1,200. Rev. R. H. Williams, of St. Stephen's church, Wilkes-Barre, held occasional services for some time. Rev. W. S. Heaten was rector from February to November, 1874, and from February, 1875, Rev. J. R. Furey was rector until June, 1875. From this time to August, 1878, there were no regular services. Then Rev. H. L. Jones, of Wilkes-Barre, held services up to July, 1879. The parish was then con- nected with Wilkes-Barre and Rev. Horace E. Hayden, assistant rector of St. Stephen's church, holds services once each Sunday.
FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.
The first organization of Presbyterians in Plymouth was effected in 1856, although several ministers of that denomination had previously labored here. September 17th, 1856, a petition was presented for the organization of "The First Presbyterian Church of Plymouth," by Louisa B. Eno, Thomas W. Prosser, Mary F. Lewis, Ann D. Lewis, Ann D. Rhys, William Stont, Hannah Stont, Elizabeth Stont, Charles Hutchinson, Agnes Hutchinson, Archibald Hutchinson, Margaret Hutchinson, Jane Hutchinson, Ann Hutchinson, William McGuffie, Ellen McGuffie, Robert Hutchinson, Jane Hutchinson, Ellen Wright, Joseph Lind, Jane Lind, James Lind, as mem- bers of the church and Robert Love, Agnes Love, James Hutchinson, George F. Cook, Sarah Ann Cook, Charles Bowie, Robert Bowie, Thomas Wier, Mar- garet Wier, Robert Hutchinson, Isabella McGuffien and Josiah W. Eno. October 5th, 1856, a com-
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