History of Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, Part 11

Author: Bell, Herbert C. (Herbert Charles), 1868- ed; John, J. J., 1829-
Publication date: 1891
Publisher: Chicago, Brown, Runk
Number of Pages: 1424


USA > Pennsylvania > Northumberland County > History of Northumberland County, Pennsylvania > Part 11


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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Resolved, That the inhabitants of the county of Northumberland, settled under the jurisdiction of this Province, were justifiable and did their duty in repelling the said intruders and preventing the further extension of their settlements .*


Not content with the expulsion of the Connecticut intruders from the valley of the West Branch, the authorities of Northumberland county next undertook the invasion of Wyoming. Seven hundred men, commanded by William Plunket, composed the Pennamite force; the supplies were trans- ported by boats, one of which carried a field piece. The expedition reached its destination on the 23d of December. The Yankees occupied an impreg- nable position, and, having failed to bring them to an engagement (in which superior numbers would doubtless have given him the victory), Plunket re- treated with his command on the 25th instant. The question of jurisdiction remained unsettled, but the animosities of Yankee and Pennamite were for the time forgotten in the Revolutionary struggle that had already begun.


*Pennsylvania Archives, Vol. IV. p. 678.


99


THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD.


CHAPTER III.


THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD:


CLOSE OF THE PROVINCIAL REGIME-THE COUNTY'S REPRESENTATION IN THE CONTI- NENTAL ARMY-COMPANIES OF CAPTAINS LOWDON, PARR, AND WEITZEL-TWELFTH PENNSYLVANIA REGIMENT-COMMITTEE OF SAFETY -- MILITIA ORGANIZATION- INDIAN OUTRAGES DEFENSIVE MEASURES INSTITUTED BY COLONEL HUNTER- " THE GREAT RUNAWAY"-COLONEL BRODHEAD TEMPORARILY STATIONED ON THE FRONTIER - COLONEL HARTLEY'S MILITARY ADMINISTRATION -FALL OF FORT FREELAND-THE GERMAN REGIMENT-GENERAL POTTER'S EXPEDITION-EVENTS OF 1781-82-COLONEL. HUNTER'S ACCOUNTS.


A LTHOUGH the early settlement of Northumberland county occurred during the period of tranquility following the close of the French and Indian war, the possibility of future hostilities was a constant incentive to military organization, while the circumstances of frontier life were eminently calculated to foster a spirit of independence; and thus her people, although deficient in the elements of wealth and comparatively few in numbers, were well prepared for the Revolutionary struggle. In all the movements pre- liminary to the organization of the State government they were represented. The first of these was the "Meeting of the Provincial Deputies," July 15, 1774; it was called by a committee of correspondence at Philadelphia, the chairman of which, Thomas Willing, addressed a letter to William Maclay, William Plunket, and Samuel Hunter on the 28th of June, 1774, in com- pliance with which the different townships elected committee-men who met at Richard Malone's on the 11th of July and selected William Scull and Samuel Hunter to represent the county. The delegates to the Provincial Convention of January 23, 1775, were William Plunket and Casper Weitzel; to the Provincial Conference of June 18, 1776, William Cooke, Alexander Hunter, John Weitzel, Robert Martin, and Matthew Brown, and to the Con- stitutional Convention of July 15, 1776, William Cooke, James Potter, Robert Martin, Matthew Brown, Walter Clark, John Kelly, James Craw- ford, and John Weitzel. The latter were elected on the 8th of July at the house of George McCandlish near the mouth of Limestone run; Thomas Hewitt, William Shaw, and Joseph Green served as judges. The former justices of the county were superseded on the 3d of September by ordinance of the Constitutional Convention; the result of the first general election under its provisions were certified by John Brady, James McClenachan, John Gray, and Thomas Robinson, judges of the different districts, Novem-


100


HISTORY OF NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY.


ber 7, 1776, and thus the provincial regime in Northumberland county terminated.


During the progress of these developments the county was well repre- sented at the front. A resolution was adopted by Congress, June 14, 1775, directing the formation of ten companies of expert riflemen-six in Pennsyl- vania, two in Maryland, and two in Virginia-to be employed as light infantry and be paid the following sums per month: a captain, twenty dollars; a lieu- tenant, thirteen and one third dollars; a sergeant, eight dollars; a corporal, seven and one third dollars; a drummer, seven and one third dollars, and a private, six and two thirds dollars-all "to find their own arms and clothes." One of these companies, Captain John Lowdon's, was recruited in Northum- berland county. The roster was as follows :-


Captain, John Lowdon, June 25, 1775.


First Lieutenant, James Parr, June 25, 1775.


Second Lieutenants: James Wilson, June 25, 1775; William Wilson, from third lieutenant, January 4, 1776.


Third Lieutenants: William Wilson, June 25, 1775; John Dougherty, from sergeant, January 4, 1776.


Sergeants: John Dougherty, David Hammond, Alexander McCormick, William McMurray, Cornelius Dougherty.


Corporals: Thomas Henry, William Edwards, John White, James Car- son, Charles Cochran.


Drummer, Richard Grosvenor.


Privates: William Adkins, Joseph All, John Benickler, Samuel Brady, William Briggs, George Butler, William Calhoun, Robert Carothers, James Carson, John Cassaday, Samuel Cealy, David Clements, Charles Cochran, Peter Condon, David Davis, John Dean, John Eicholtz, John Evans, Jacob Finkboner, Charles Ford, Philip Gintner, Thomas Giltson, John Hamilton [Hamberton ], David Harris, Michael Hare, Thomas Hempington, Christo- pher Henning, William Humber, William Jamison, Samuel Johns, James Johnson, Lewis Jones, Thomas Kilday, Nicholas Kline, John Ladley. Sam- uel Landon, William Leek, Robert Lines, Jacob Lindy, Thomas Lobdon, Reuben Massaker, Moses Madock, John Malone, Charles Maloy, James Mc- Cleary, Cornelius McConnell, Martin McCoy [McAvery], Patrick McGoni- gal, Edward McMasters [Masterson], Alexander McMullan, William Mor- gan, William Murray, John Murphy, Timothy Murphy, John Neely, Daniel Oakes, John Oliver, Michael Parker, Thomas Peltson, Peter Pence, John Ray, Robert Ritchie, Bartholomew Roach, John Robinson, George Sands, George Saltzman, Henry Silverthorn, John Shawnee (an Indian), John Smith, James Speddy, Arad Sutton, James Sweney, John Teel, Robert Tuft, Philip Valentine, Peter Ward, John Ward, Charles West, Joseph Whiteneck, Aaron Wright, John Youse, Robert Young .*


* Pennsylvania Archives (Second Series), Vol. X. pp. 27-31.


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THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD.


This company formed part of the battalion of riflemen commanded by Colonel William Thompson, of Carlisle, Pennsylvania. The men rendez- voused at Northumberland, where, according to Fithian's journal, thirty of them arrived from Great Island on Wednesday, June 28, 1775. The journal of Aaron Wright, a private, states that they formally enlisted on the following day; on the morning of July 8th, in pursuance of marching orders received the previous day, they boarded boats on the Susquehanna river (this means of conveyance was probably used as far as Harris's Ferry); they reached Reading on the 13th of July, and there received knapsacks, blankets, etc., remaining until the 20th. On the 1st of August they were at Bethlehem, and thence pursued their march across northern New Jersey and southeastern New York, arriving at the North river, opposite New Windsor, Connecticut, August 20th. They marched through Litchfield on the 24th, crossed the Connecticut river near Hartford on the 26th, and arrived at Dudley, Massa- chusetts, August 30th. On the 31st they reached Weston, and thence passed through Framingham, Watertown, and Cambridge to Prospect Hill, Boston. The battalion became the Second regiment "of the Army of the United Colonies, commanded by his Excellency, General George Washing- ton," and, on the 1st of January, 1776, the First regiment of the Continental Army.


Two companies (those of Captains William Hendricks and Matthew Smith, the latter subsequently prothonotary of Northumberland county) were detailed for service in Arnold's expedition to Quebec in September, 1775; the remainder continued in camp at Prospect Hill, and performed guard and fatigue duty with the brigade to which they belonged. On the 24th of October Lieutenant Parr marched for Portsmouth with thirty men. Six of the regiment were stationed at Lechmere Point on the 9th of November, when, the tide having risen and separated it from the main land, a number of British regulars, under cover of their batteries on Bunker's, Copp's, and Breed's Hills, landed for the purpose of driving off cattle; the regiment was hastily ordered under arms, marched through the water to the Point, and divided into two parties, of which Captain Lowdon's company formed part of that on the right; a severe skirmish was anticipated, but before the enemy's position was reached the latter had withdrawn to their boats. For their courage and promptness on this occasion the regiment was publicly thanked by General Washington. On the 8th of March, 1776, Colonel Hand wrote: "I am stationed on Cobble's Hill with four companies of our regiment: two companies, Cluggage's and Chambers's, were ordered to Dorchester on Mon- day; Ross and Lowdon relieved them yesterday." On the 14th of March the regiment left Cambridge with five others under the command of General Sullivan; Hartford was reached on the 21st and New York on the 28th; it was shortly afterward detailed for duty on Long Island, and was so engaged at the expiration of the original term of enlistment, July 1, 1776.


,


102


HISTORY OF NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY.


The First regiment (which thus became the First Pennsylvania regiment of the Continental Line) re-enlisted with practical unanimity, at first for the term of two years, but in October, 1776, the limit was extended to the close of the war. Lowdon, who became a member of Council, was succeeded as captain by James Parr; thirty-two of his company were enlisted out of the old battalion and fourteen from the flying camp. In August, 1776, it was composed of one captain, two lieutenants, four sergents, four corporals, one drum and fife, and fifty-two privates. The roster was as follows :-


Captain, James Parr, promoted major, August 9, 1778.


First Lieutenant, James Wilson, promoted captain, January 6, 1777.


Second Lieutenant, William Wilson, promoted first lieutenant, September 25, 1776; captain, March 2, 1777.


Ensign, John Dougherty, promoted third lieutenant, September 25, 1776. Sergeants: David Hammond, afterward promoted second lieutenant; Alexander McCormick, William McMurray, Cornelius Dougherty.


Privates: David Allen, Michael Bacher, John Bradley, Daniel Callahan, Daniel Campbell, James Chapman, Peter Condon, James Connor, Mansfield Coons, James Curry, David Davis, Richard Deatevoise [Dubois], Cornelius Delling, Patrick Donahue, William Edwards, John Griffin, Patrick Griffin, William Haggerty, John Hammond, Philip Henry, Aquila Hinson, John Hutchinson, Lewis Jones, William Leech, Michael Loughrey, James Lough- rey, James McCleary, Cornelius McConnell, Patrick McGonigal, Henry Mc- Cormick, Hugh McGaughey, John Malone, Charles Meloy, James Moore, William Moore, William Morgan, John Murphy, Timothy Murphy, Patrick Murray, John Noishen, George Norton, John Oliver, Thomas Paine, Thomas Peltson, Philip Peters, John Rankin, John Ray, William Ryan, George Saltman, Samuel Scott, William Scott, James Spigg, James Speddy, Thomas Stewart, Maurice Sullivan, Alexander Thompson, John Toner, George War- ren, Jonathan Washburn, Matthew Wilson, Samuel Wilson, Joseph White- neck, John Youse .*


The company began its new term of enlistment in camp on the shores of Long Island. Some time in August the regiment, of which Edward Hand was colonel, took position at Delancey's Mills, and was in action in the battle of Long Island, August 27, 1776. On the night of the 29th it was posted "in a redoubt on the left and in the line on the right of the great road, below Brooklyn church " as part of Major General Mifflin's command, by which the retreat of the army was covered. Through some mistake on the part of an aid-de-camp Mifflin's command was prematurely withdrawn, a movement highly prejudicial to the safety of the retreating army; General Washington learned of it through Colonel Hand, and the rear guard returned to its former position in time to avert serious consequences. On the 16th of


*Pennsylvania Archives (Second Series), Vol. X. pp. 342-344.


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THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD.


November, 1776, four men of Colonel Parr's company were taken prisoners at Fort Washington.


Colonel James Chambers (who succeeded General Hand in command of the First regiment) wrote as follows from " Mount Prospect camp," June 18, 1777: " We have a partisan regiment-Colonel Morgan commands-chosen marksmen from the whole army compose it. Captain Parr, Lieutenants Lyon and Brady, and fifty men from my regiment are among the number." Cap- tain David Harris (subsequently prothonotary of Northumberland county) relates the following incident in a letter from "Cross Roads, about twenty miles from Philadelphia," August 13, 1777: " Captain Parr, with two subal- terns and about fifty privates, are detached in Morgan's partisan corps. Captain Parr has killed three or four men himself this summer. His expres- sions at the death of one I shall ever remember. Major Miller had the com- mand of a detachment, and had a skirmish at very close shot with a party of Highlanders. One of them being quite open, he motioned to Captain Parr to kill him, which he did in a trice, and, as he was falling, Parr said: 'I say, by God, sonny, I am in you.' I assure you Parr's bravery on every occasion does him great honor." Morgan's riflemen included many men from North- umberland county, drawn from the companies of Captain Parr, of the First Pennsylvania, and Captain Boone, of the Twelfth. They joined the northern army in August, 1777, and participated in the battles of Saratoga, Septem- ber 19th and October 7th; it is worthy of record that General Fraser was . shot by Timothy Murphy, of Parr's company, at the express direction of Col- onel Morgan. In July, 1778, Captain Parr was placed in command of a detachment from Morgan's rifles and sent with the Fourth Pennsylvania to defend the frontiers of New York; they spent nearly a year in the Schoharie valley. His command united with the army of General Sullivan at Tioga on the 22d of August, 1779, and served in the expedition to the Genesee coun- try. It is frequently mentioned in Colonel Hubley's journal. The march began on Thursday, August 26th; "Major Parr, with the riflemen, dispersed considerably in front of the whole, with orders to reconnoiter all mountains, defiles, and other suspicious places." The following reference is made to Murphy: "This Murphy is a noted marksman and a great soldier, he having killed and scalped that morning [September 13th], in the town they were at, an Indian, which makes the three and thirtieth man of the enemy he has killed, as is well known to his officers, this war." He was from Northumberland county.


William Wilson succeeded James Parr as captain when the latter was transferred to Morgan's command. Regarding the movements of the regiment in July and August, 1777, Colonel Chambers wrote: "We marched from Mount Prospect to Morristown, where we halted a few days.


We were then ordered to march to Pompton; here we halted one day. .


Next day, 13th July, we were ordered to move to a place called


104


HISTORY OF NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY.


Sufferance, at the mouth of the Clove; here we halted to the 19th, when we proceeded through the Clove towards New Windsor. We moved upwards of twenty miles this day; here we halted till the 22d, then marched across the ridge to a place called Chester. We arrived the 29th at Howell's Ferry; here we halted till the 1st of August, then crossed the river, and continued our march through Germantown to Schuykill Falls, where we halted to the 9th, then marched back to this place on our way to Coryell's." At the battle of Brandywine, September 11th, the regiment lost six or seven killed and as many wounded; it was principally engaged in with- drawing the artillery. The division of which it formed part at the battle of Monmouth, June 28, 1778, was drawn in front of the artillery in a small hol- low; the enemy's artillery occupied an eminence directly in front. "Of course we were in a right line of their fire," says Colonel Chambers, " both parties playing their cannon over our heads, and yet only killed two of our men and wounded four of my regiment with splinters of rails." This position was at the center of the American line, against which a determined charge was made by the flower of the British army under Colonel Monckton. He was killed, and the colors, which were near him, also went down. "Captain Wilson and his company, who were on the right of the First Pennsylvania, made a rush for the colors and the body of the Colonel. The Grenadiers fought desperately,"* but without avail. Captain Wilson secured his sword and the colors; he gave the former to General Wayne, who presented it to Lafayette, by whom it was returned to the Wilson family on the occasion of his visit to America in 1824. Captain Wilson was not mustered out until November 3, 1783, from which it is fair to presume that his company partic- ipated with the Pennsylvania Line in its subsequent campaigns until the close of the war.


Captain Casper Weitzel's company of the Pennsylvania Rifle regiment, commanded by Colonel Samuel Miles, was the second formed in Northum- berland county. The roster was as follows :---


Captain, Casper Weitzel, appointed, March 9, 1776.


First Lieutenant, William Gray, appointed, March 15, 1776.


Second Lieutenant, John Robb, appointed, March 17, 1776.


Third Lieutenant, George Grant, appointed, March 19, 1776.


Sergeant Major, John Gordon.


Sergeants: Jacob Snider, Thomas Price, William Orr, Thomas Shanks. Drummer, John Everard.


Privates: William Allison, John Arthur, John Aumiller, William Barr, Peter Brady, Stout Brinson, John Burke, Samuel Carson, William Carson, William Carson, Jr., Andrew Carter, Charles Carter, Robert Carothers, James Chisnall, William Clark, James Clayton, Jeffrey Connell, John Cribs, David Curry, Peter Davis, Edward Doran, David Durell, Stephen Durell, James


*Linn's Annals of Buffalo Valley, p. 161.


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THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD.


Elder, Christian Ewig, Henry Gass, Henry Gearhart, James Glover, John Hardy, William Harper, Thomas Hissom, Dennis Huggins, Elijah Hunt, James Irvine, Martin Kerstetter, Thomas Little, Joseph Madden, Charles McClean, William McCormick, John McDonald, Patrick McInnis, Patrick McManus, William McMath, Patrick McVey, Henry Miller, Robert More- head, Richard Newman, Michael Nolan, Andrew Ralston, James Randolph, John Rice, John Sands, John Adam Shafer, Jacob Spiess, Samuel Staples, David Turner, James Watt, Robert Wilson, Christian Winters, Silas Wolcot .*


The Pennsylvania Rifle regiment was enlisted for the defense of the Province at the suggestion of the Committee of Safety. It rendezvoused at Marcus Hook, and was ordered to Philadelphia on the 2d of July, 1776; thence the First battalion (Lieutenant Colonel Brodhead's) proceeded by way of Bordentown to Amboy, New Jersey, where the entire regiment shortly afterward arrived. Colonel Miles was ordered to New York on the 10th of August; he crossed to Long Island when the British began landing troops, and took position near Flatbush. On the morning of August 27th, finding his command in danger of being surrounded, he made a retrograde movement with the expectation of reaching the Jamaica road in advance of General Howe. In this he was disappointed; an effort was then made to break through the enemy's flank guards, but, finding it impossible to do this in a body, he directed the men to make their way as best they could and was taken prisoner with two thirds of his command. In a return of Captain Weitzel's company on the 1st of September the following are marked "miss- ing since the battle:" William Gray, John Gordon, Thomas Price, William Allison, Peter Brady, Andrew Carter, Robert Carothers, Henry Gass, John Hardy, Dennis Huggins, Martin Kerstetter, Joseph Madden, William Mc- Cormick, Patrick McVey, Robert Moorehead, Andrew Ralston, John Rice, Jacob Spiess, and James Watt. Captain Weitzel gives the following par- ticulars in a letter to his brother John, dated "Camp near Kingsbridge, six- teen miles above New York, September 6, 1776:" "My Lieutenant Gray, Sergeant Gordon, Sergeant Price, and sixteen privates are missing. I know of only one killed in my company. The poor fellow was wounded in the thigh and unable to walk; his name is Spiess; the damned savage Hessians and English light infantry ran their bayonets through him and two of Captain Albright's men, who were also badly wounded and murdered by them. I have this from one of my men, who was a prisoner and escaped to me, and imagine the rest are prisoners. James Watt is among them. I came off with whole bones, contrary to my expectations. I was in so much danger, that, by escaping that, I think it was impossible for them to kill me." In consequence of the great losses sustained on this occasion the company was consolidated with others in the following October and thus lost its individu- ality. Captain Weitzel and Lieutenant Gray returned to Sunbury, where


*Pennsylvania Archives (Second Series), Vol. X. pp. 214-217.


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HISTORY OF NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY.


both died; Lieutenant Robb was promoted captain in the Thirteenth Penn- sylvania, April 18, 1777; Lieutenant Grant was promoted captain in the Ninth Pennsylvania, May 3, 1777, and died on the North river, Connecticut, three miles above New Windsor, October 10, 1779.


The Twelfth Pennsylvania regiment of the Continental Line* was raised in the counties of Northumberland and Northampton in pursuance of a reso- lution of Congress; the following field officers were appointed by the Con- stitutional Convention, September 28, 1776: William Cooke, delegate from Northumberland county, colonel; Neigal Gray, delegate from Northamp- ton county, lieutenant colonel, and James Crawford, delegate from North- umberland county, major. The following roster embraces only a small part of the regiment :--


Colonel, William Cooke, September 28, 1776; rank, October 2, 1776; resigned, January 16, 1778.


Lieutenant Colonel, Neigal Gray, September 28, 1776; rank, October 5, 1776; cashiered, June 2, 1778.


Major, James Crawford, September 28, 1776; rank, October 8, 1776; resigned October 12, 1777.


Captains: Peter Withington, October 1, 1776; Nicholas Miller, October 4, 1776; Hawkins Boone, October 4, 1776; John Brady, October 14, 1776; John Harris, October 14, 1776; Henry Makinley, October 16, 1776; Alex- ander Patterson, October 16, 1776; William Work, October 16, 1776; Stephen Chambers, from first lieutenant, 1777; John Reilly, from first lieutenant, May 20, 1777.


First Lieutenants: Thomas Brandon, October 4, 1776; Hananiah Lin- coln, October 4, 1776; Christopher Gettig, October 14, 1776; John Reilly, October 16, 1776; Stephen Chambers, October 16, 1776; William McElhat- ton, October 16, 1776; John Henderson, October 16, 1776; William Sayres, October 16, 1776; John Boyd, from second lieutenant; Benjamin Lodge, from second lieutenant, October 11, 1777; Stewart Herbert, from second lieutenant, January 9, 1778.


Second Lieutenants: Robert King, October 4, 1776; James Williamson, October 4, 1776; Edward McCabe, October 16, 1776; John Hays, October 16, 1776; Samuel Quin, October 16, 1776; John Boyd, October 16, 1776; William Bard, October 16, 1776; John Carothers, October 16, 1776; Benja- min Lodge, from ensign, October 16, 1776; Blackall William Ball, from ensign; William Boyd, from ensign; Stewart Herbert, from ensign, May, 1777; Andrew Engle, from ensign; Robert Faulkner, from ensign; John Armstrong, from ensign, December 11, 1777.


Ensigns: Benjamin Lodge, October 16, 1776; Thomas Hamilton, October 16, 1776; Blackall William Ball, October 16, 1776; William Boyd, October 16, 1776; John Stone, October 16, 1776; Stewart Herbert, October 16, 1776;


*Pennsylvania Archives (Second Series), Vol. X. pp. 755-764.


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THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD.


Andrew Engle, October 16, 1776; Robert Faulkner, January 8, 1777; John Seley, February 3, 1777; John Armstrong, from sergeant; John Cook, from private.


Adjutant, Thomas Hanson, October 16, 1776.


Paymasters: Robert Levers, November 13, 1776; Thomas Dungan, April 29, 1777.


Quartermasters: Wilton Atkinson, January 11, 1777; George Vaughan. Surgeons: Francis Allison, October 14, 1776; Andrew Ledlie, January 18, 1777.


Surgeon's Mate, Aaron Woodruff.


Sergeants: John Armstrong, Charles Fleming, Robert Kearns, Andrew Lorentz, Robert Lyon, Joseph Lorentz.


Privates: George Aldridge, Samuel Auchmuty, William Bedworth, Henry Bentley, James Brown, John Campbell, John Cochran, William Con- nor, John Cook, William Coram, John Cusick, James Dougherty, David Doyle, James English, Patrick Flanagan, James Gallant, Hugh Gowans, William Haines, Barney Hasson, Nathaniel Hiland, Richard Hughes, Henry Lebo, John Lemmons, Matthew Little, Henry Lushbaugh, Samuel McClu- ghan, Archibald McCowan, Joseph McHarg, Thomas McIlvaine, John McIl- vaine, Angus McKeever, Daniel McMath, George Martin, James Newberry, Neal Peacock, Robert Polston, Richard Reynolds, Nicholas Rheam, John Rice, John Robinson, John Shreck, Joseph Silverthorn, John Teel, Robert Wilson, William Woodrow.




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