USA > Pennsylvania > Northumberland County > History of Northumberland County, Pennsylvania > Part 74
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A T the first court of private sessions for Northumberland county, held at Fort Augusta on the 9th of April, 1772, the county was divided into seven townships, of which the second mentioned, Augusta, was thus described :-
Beginning at the mouth of Mahantango on the west side of Susquehanna; thence with the county line crossing Susquehanna to the mouth of Mahantango on the east side; thence with the said county line up Mahantango to the Spread Eagle in the forks of said Mahantango; thence with the said county line east-northeast to the old line formerly run for a division between Berks and Northampton counties; thence by the same old line northwest to the East Branch of Susquehanna; thence down the same to Fort Augusta; thence crossing Susquehanna and down the same to the place of beginning.
These boundaries included all that part of the present area of Northum- berland county south of the North Branch of the Susquehanna river, with considerable territory in Montour and Columbia; and, although "the old line ยท formerly run for a division between Berks and Northampton" is given as the eastern limit of Augusta, the township is represented in 1785 as extend- ing nearly to "the plains of Wyoming," now in Luzerne county. In the meantime (at February sessions, 1775), Mahanoy township was formed from that part of Augusta south of Mahanoy mountain; and at August sessions, 1785, Catawissa was erected from the eastern part of Augusta, with the present eastern line of Upper Augusta, extended to the Line mountain, as the line of division. This reduced Augusta to the territory comprehended within the present limits of - Upper and Lower Augusta, Rockefeller, Little Mahanoy, parts of Zerbe and Cameron, and the borough of Sunbury. A re- survey of its southern line by Abraham Mckinney and Thomas Woodside was made in 1812 under the direction of the court and approved at Augusta sessions in that year. As this line is still a geographical boundary through- out its entire extent, the courses and distances are herewith given :--
Beginning on the west side of the Susquehanna; thence south sixty-eight degrees east eight hundred perches to a pine; thence south eighty degrees east three hundred sixty perches to a chestnut oak; thence south seventy-five degrees east one hundred seventy perches to a pine; thence east twelve hundred forty perches to a chestnut oak;
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UPPER AUGUSTA TOWNSHIP.
thence south seventy-five degrees east one hundred perches to a chestnut oak; thence south eighty-five degrees east thirty-one hundred perches to a pine; thence north eighty-eight degrees east three hundred seventy-two perches to a chestnut oak on the Schuylkill county line.
This is the present southern boundary of Lower Augusta, Little Mahanoy, and Cameron townships; in 1812 it separated Augusta and Shamokin on the north from Upper and Lower Mahanoy on the south.
In November, 1803, the borough of Sunbury was erected into a town- ship from the territory of Augusta, which reduced the latter considerably in population, though not in area. A division was first agitated in 1803, but without passing the initiatory stage; in 1822 it was proposed to form a new township from Shamokin and Augusta; and three years later a division of the latter was suggested by an east and west line striking the river " at the planta- tion of Isaac Martin, two miles below the borough of Sunbury." The agitation was then suspended, but in 1838 the court was again petitioned to authorize a division. It is stated that the township "extends north and south from Gravel run to below William R. Jones's, a distance of fourteen miles, and varies in width east and west from four to six miles; " the Centre turnpike from Sunbury to its intersection with the Tulpehocken road and that thorough- fare to the township line were suggested as the line of division. In 1839 a petition was presented to the court, evidently from residents of the lower part of the township, who concede that "the upper end is entitled to the name of Augusta on account of the old Fort Augusta," and express their willingness "to take the name of Porter for the lower end." The division of Augusta was finally consummated, April 13, 1846. On the 4th of Novem- ber, 1846, upon the report of George Brosius, Peter Bixler, and Christian Allen, Limestone Valley school district was transferred from the lower to the upper division; Shamokin island, originally a part of Point township, was transferred to Augusta; April 9, 1838, and passed to the upper division when the township was divided.
PIONEERS.
The following is a list of taxables in 1788 in Augusta township, which then included the present territory of Upper and Lower Augusta, Rockefel- ler, Little Mahanoy, Sunbury, and a small part of Cameron and Zerbe: Dan- iel Aurand, John Alward, John Adlum, John Buyers, Alexander Bell, Paul Baldy, Adam Balt, James Burke, Christian Betz, Peter Betz, Henry Bart- sher, Aaron Baker, John Black, James Black, Henry Bucher, John Black, Jacob Conrad, Peter Coldron, Uriah Clark, Robert Coldron, John Clingman, Nicholas Canfield, Henry Crooks, Duncan Cameron, John Crouse, Henry Douty, William Dewart, John Dome, John Dixon, Bernard Eyregood, John Erter, Lawrence Eichinger, Martin Epley, Jasper Ewing, Leonard Epley, George Fink, George Frick, William Goodhart, Adam Gilger, Alexander
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HISTORY OF NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY.
Grant, Jacob Gass, Joseph Gray, Widow Gough, William Gray, Christopher Gettig, Christian Gettig, Henry Goodhart, Widow Geiger, Andrew Grove, Charles Gobin, Thomas Grant, Ludwig Gass, Lewis Giberson, Nicholas Gail, Thomas Giberson, John Gettig, Alexander Grant, John Harrison, George Harrison, George Hall, Widow Hall, Sebastian Hites, John Holloway, Daniel Hurley, Jacob Heberling, Widow Haas, William Hoagland, Samuel Hahn, Stephen Hurst, Thomas Hamilton, Samuel Jones, George Keyser, George Kleber, Dewalt Kuntz, Philip Kennedy, Peter Kerlin, Martin Kendig, Jacob Kiehl, Laurence Keene, John Kiehl, Michael Long, Cornelius Lamerson, Widow Loy, John Long, Joseph Lorentz, John Lyon, Christian Lupp, Henry Lebo, William Lacock, John Ludwig, Samuel Lyon, William Maclay, Sam- uel Moodie, George McMahan, David Melick, Adam Miller, John Melick, Jacob Mertz, David Mertz, Jacob Mertz, Nicholas Mantz, Samuel McLaugh- lin, David Mead, William McAdams, Widow Mckinney, Robert McBride, Angus McClout, James McWilliams, Frederick Meyer, Leonard Mertz, Mar- cus Ponteous, Jacob Prisinger, Benjamin Patterson, William Plunket, John Rewald, Widow Ray, Bernard Renn, Nicholas Rousher, Conrad Reitzel, Widow Reely, Zachariah Robins, Adam Renn, John Riehm, Jacob Ruben- thal, William Reeser, Isaac Richardson, George Schwarm, James Silverwood, Christian Shissler, Peter Smith, Nicholas Shenfield, Augustus Stoner, Sam- uel Schenck, Casper Snyder, Charles Smith, Joseph Thompson, Henry Van- derslice, Peter Weiser, Jacob Welsh, John Wiggins, John Weitzel, Daniel Witmer, John Wolf, Michael Witel, Martin Withington, John Witmer, Joseph Wallis, William Wilson, John Watson, William Wilson, John Wig- gins, Robert Wilson, Jonas Yocum, Jacob Young, John Young, Jacob Yoner, George Zimmerman, Christopher Zimmerman.
John Buyers, Thomas Grant, and William Maclay were each assessed with one slave, Martin Kendig with one servant, and Joseph Wallis with three servants.
Shamokin island was surveyed for the Proprietaries in 1768 and sold to Mungo Reed in 1784. It is possible that he resided upon it some years prior to the latter date, as his name appears as a taxable in Turbut township prior to 1775. In 1786 he sold the island to Abraham Scott, an officer in the French and Indian war and brother-in-law of Colonel Hunter. Captain Scott died in 1798; his son, Samuel H., owned the Scott farm (now a part of Sunbury borough), and Mary, a daughter, married William Wilson, asso- ciate judge of Northumberland county. Edward Lyon was the next resident owner. He was an Englishman, and had been proprietor of cotton mills in Nottinghamshire. He made his first visit to America on the same ship as Rev. Joseph Priestley, accompanied him to Northumberland, and resided in that town several years. He then went back to England, but shortly afterward returned, purchased Shamokin island in 1802, and resided thereon until his death, May 21, 1821. Ten children survived him, one of
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UPPER AUGUSTA TOWNSHIP.
whom, Miss Gemella H. Lyon, of Northumberland, completed her eighty- third year on the 2d of November, 1890. After the death of Mr. Lyon the island experienced frequent changes of proprietorship until 1877, when it was purchased by John B. Packer, the present owner.
ROADS AND STREAMS.
A greater number of railroads passes through Upper Augusta than any other township in the county. Parallel with the Susquehanna river are the Northern Central and Philadelphia and Erie; the Sunbury, Hazelton and Wilkesbarre is similarly situated with regard to the North Branch, while the Shamokin Valley and Pottsville and the Philadelphia and Reading traverse the valley of Shamokin creek. The Centre turnpike, the Tulpehocken road, and the main roads leading from Sunbury to Danville and Catawissa are the principal local highways.
Shamokin creek is the only interior stream of importance; it receives the waters of Little Shamokin creek in this township. Several smaller streams also unite with both these creeks, while others empty into the North Branch.
INDUSTRIES.
Geiger's mill was built at an early date by John Haas. It is a stone structure, equipped with two sets of buhrs and a turbine wheel. The build- ing was remodeled in 1850.
The first mill on the Shipman site was erected by the Depuys at an early date. The present mill, a three-story brick structure furnished with tur- bine wheel and steam-power, was built in 1883 and is the third at this place. E. M. Eckman is the present proprietor.
Gideon Leisenring's tannery, on the Centre turnpike a mile and a half from Sunbury, was described in 1837 as having sixteen vats and a cast-iron bark mill, and an abundant supply of water derived from springs on the premises. It was offered for sale in the Sunbury Advocate at that date, and these particulars have been obtained from the advertisement.
SCHOOLS.
It is deemed proper in this connection to give such particulars as have been ascertained concerning the schools of Augusta township-the territory now embraced in Upper and Lower Augusta and Rockefeller. Probably the oldest school house within its limits was situated near the Klinesgrove burial ground, in Upper Augusta, while that near the Eckman site in the same township was also established at a very early date. The next in order of priority was situated in the Stone Church district in Rockefeller township; it was a long log building, divided into two compartments by a swinging par- tition fastened to the joists with hinges in such a manner that it could be drawn up with pulleys, and thus the entire interior might be occupied for
702
HISTORY OF NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY.
religious worship. A German school was taught in one end and an English school in the other; one apartment was also used as the teacher's residence for a time. In 1803 the first school house was built at Fisher's Ferry, Lower Augusta; Samuel Mitchell was the first teacher, and Thomas Snyder and Daniel St. Clair were among the last survivors of the early pupils.
When Augusta township first voted upon the question of accepting or rejecting the public school system but eight persons voted in its favor, among whom were John Snyder, Elisha Kline, Peter Oberdorf, Samuel Bloom, Sam- uel Awl, and Jacob R. Clark. This election occurred in 1834; two years later the system was adopted, but considerable disaffection still prevailed and the collection of the tax was attended with much difficulty. It is said that Joel Yordy was the first collector, and that George Keefer's property was the first to be levied upon for school taxes. The opposition found tangible expression at "an indignation meeting against the free school system in Augusta township," at George Conrad's hotel, when a hickory pole was raised and a banner unfurled bearing the words "Van Buren and no Free Schools."
CHURCHES.
Upper Augusta Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in 1850, through the efforts of Rev. Joseph Ross. The original members were John Farnsworth, Samuel Savidge, Silas Wolverton, L. G. Savidge, Robert Farns- worth, Jonathan Hoover, and George Zimmerman. For a time services were held in an old log school house; land was donated by Joseph Savidge and a church edifice, thirty-five by forty feet, was erected thereon at a cost of seven hundred dollars. Subsequently the church was removed to its present location, and in 1884 the congregation was reorganized with the following membership: Charles Wolverton and wife, E. Straub and wife, E. Rebuck and wife, Elizabeth Hollenback, George Zimmerman, and H. G. Kline.
Mt. Pleasant Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in 1852 by Rev. Joseph Ross, in an old log school house which stood on the farm of George Weaver. The original members were H. G. Kline and wife, Joseph Campbell and wife, Herman Campbell and wife, Mrs. Robert Campbell, M. Lawrence and wife, George Barnhart and wife, John Clark and wife, Rebecca Clark, Peter Kobb and wife, Elizabeth Clark, Ella Clark, Charles Bacon and wife, Duncan Myers and wife, David Fisher and wife, Isaac Shipe and wife, Henry Shipe, and H. G. Kline. Services were held in the old log school house until 1860, when land was given by Joseph Campbell for both church and burial ground, and the present church edifice, a one-story frame struct- ure, was erected at a cost of eight hundred dollars. The building was dedi- cated in May, 1861.
Klinesgrove Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in 1866 or 1867, with a membership which was principally from the Rush township Methodist
Eng by F G. Kemon, N.Y.
A. B. Specce
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LOWER AUGUSTA TOWNSHIP.
church and a congregation that had been formed at Augusta school house. Soon after the organization steps were taken for the erection of a church edi- fice and a building committee, consisting of Isaac Campbell, Charles Eck- man, and George Foster, was appointed to superintend the work. A two- story brick edifice, sixty by forty feet, was erected near Klinesgrove at a cost of nine thousand dollars, and dedicated, October 18, 1868. The first trustees were Isaac Campbell, William Depuy, Dr. Isaac Huff, John F. Kline, and William F. Kline. Rev. John Craig was the first pastor.
St. Luke's Church of the Evangelical Association was organized in 1889 by the Rev. C. J. Warmcastle, with the following members: Samuel Savidge, S. K. Hile, John Myers, John Bonner, and Samuel G. Savidge. A frame church edifice thirty-five by forty feet was erected soon after the organiza- tion was effected. The following pastors have served the society: Reverends C. J. Warmcastle, George Sipe, George Knorr, and W. S. Harris.
CHAPTER XXII.
LOWER AUGUSTA TOWNSHIP.
TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT -TOPOGRAPHY - FISHER'S FERRY - MILLS-SCHOOLS- CHURCHES.
T THE territory embraced in Lower Augusta township was originally a part of Augusta, the formation and boundaries of which have been treated at length in the chapter on Upper Augusta. 'Its division was con- summated on the 13th of April, 1846, by a line crossing Little Shamokin creek near its junction with Plum creek. As thus erected, Lower Augusta extended from the Susquehanna river to the line of Shamokin township; on the 4th of November, 1846, the Limestone Valley school district was trans- ferred to Upper Augusta, and on the 7th of May, 1880, the township of Rockefeller was erected, thus reducing Lower Augusta to its present limits.
The surface is best described as a succession of ridges and valleys extend- ing east and west; of the valleys the most important are those drained by Boyle's run and Hollowing run. These streams and their tributaries water this section, while their banks afford a level bed for the principal highways of the township. The Sunbury and Harrisburg road traverses the eastern part of its territory and is the principal route of travel north and south.
FISHER'S FERRY.
Fisher's Ferry is situated on the Susquehanna river at the mouth of Hollowing run, and on the line of the Northern Central railway. At an early
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HISTORY OF NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY.
period in the history of this section the site was owned by Colonel Auchmuty, who established the ferry and built a hotel and ferry-house. From him the land passed to William R. Jones, in whose possession it continued until 1852; it then became the property of Jonathan Reitz, by whom lots were sold to various persons. The hotel business was abandoned at this time, but in its stead Mr. Reitz started a general store in the old hotel building. In 1850 the citizens erected a one-story frame building in which a subscription school was taught for a time; although no longer used for this purpose, the building still stands and is occasionally used as a place of worship by vari- ous denominations. The postoffice was established in 1854 with William R. Jones as first postmaster.
MILLS.
The De Witt mill site is the oldest in the township; here a mill was built toward the close of the last century by a Mr. Hilterbeil, from whom it passed successively to Christian Falk, Henry Masser, and Mr. De Witt, the present owner. He erected the present mill, a two-story frame structure, in 1840; it is situated six miles from Sunbury near the Harrisburg road, and derives its water-power from Hollowing run.
A mill was built on the Boyle's Run road three miles from Fisher's Ferry in 1858 by John Snyder; he operated it until its destruction by fire in 1880.
SCHOOLS.
The township sustains six schools; there are also six school buildings, three of which are brick and three are frame. Particulars regarding early schools are given in the chapter on Upper Augusta township.
CHURCHES.
Hollowing Run Presbyterian Church was organized in 1825 by Rev. Samuel Henderson in an old school house at Fisher's Ferry, which served as a place of worship until 1830; a small frame church building was then erected on the Tulpehocken road upon ground presented by William Ship- man. Mr. Henderson was the first to clear away the brush and break ground for this building, upon which the work was principally conducted by John Bloom and John Yordy. Rev. William R. Smith succeeded Mr. Hen- derson and was pastor some years. The church has recently been attached to the Petersburg charge.
Miles Run United Brethren Church was organized at the school house of that name in the winter of 1835-36 through the efforts of Peter and Henry Malick. Two years later the present one-story frame church building was erected.
Boyle's Run Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in 1840 at an old school house on the Boyle's Run road with fifteen members. The present
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LOWER AUGUSTA TOWNSHIP.
one-story frame church building, two and one half miles east of Fisher's Ferry, was erected in 1846. This society originally formed part of the Sun- bury circuit, but was transferred to the Trevorton circuit in 1865 and in 1880 was attached to the Herndon circuit. The names of the pastors are given in connection with the historical sketches of those churches in this work.
Augusta Baptist Church was constituted in 1846 with a membership formerly connected with the society at Sunbury. Largely through the in- strumentality of Thomas Snyder, a one-story frame church building was erected on the Boyle's Run road three miles east of Fisher's Ferry. This served as the place of worship until the present one-story brick structure was erected. It was dedicated on the 2d of June, 1872. Rev. W. H. Ellis is the present pastor.
Hollowing Run Church, Lutheran and Reformed, is situated six miles south of Sunbury on the Harrisburg road. The corner-stone of the first church edifice, a one-story frame structure, was laid on the 20th of April, 1851. The present brick building was erected in 1880 under the supervision of a building committee composed of John R. Kauffman, Aaron Shipe, John H. Reitz, and H. Swinehart.
The Reformed congregation was organized in the winter of 1850-51 by Rev. R. A. Fisher, of Sunbury, from a membership formerly connected with Zion church at Augustaville. Mr. Fisher was pastor until 1854 and has been succeeded by Reverends Daniel Y. Heisler, John W. Steinmetz, William C. Cremer, William Haas, Homer Daniels, Cyrus Reiter, and D. O. Shoemaker.
The Lutheran congregation was organized in 1851 by Rev. G. Neimann, and was also originally composed of a membership formerly connected with Zion church at Augustaville. The following is a list of pastors: Reverends G. Neimann, J. F. Hornberger, J. Hasskarl, J. H. Schmidt, L. G. Eggers, J. Albert, A. Berk, H. T. Clymer, J. W. Early, and A. J. L. Breinig, present incumbent.
St. Peter's Evangelical Lutheran Church was organized by Rev. Peter Born, D. D., in 1859 at a grove in the valley of Hollowing run; there were twenty-five constituent members, of whom Isaac Drumheller and Moses Reitz were elected deacons and Samuel Reitz and George Weiser elders. The church building, a one-story frame edifice, was dedicated on the 1st of Janu- ary, 1860, by Reverends Peter Born, D. D., and H. Zeigler, D. D. Reverends Peter Born, George P. Weaver, A. H. Shertz, Joseph Focht, Mr. Berry, A. K. Zimmerman, Mr. Harsh, Sidney E. Bateman, Mr. Felker, and Cyrus E. Benson have successively served as pastors.
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HISTORY OF NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY.
CHAPTER XXIII.
UPPER MAHANOY TOWNSHIP.
PROCEEDINGS FOR THE ERECTION OF MAHANOY TOWNSHIP-DISINTEGRATION OF ITS TERRITORY-ORGANIZATION OF UPPER MAHANOY-PIONEERS-HOTELS-MILLS -- SECRET SOCIETY-SCHOOLS-CHURCHES.
U PPER MAHANOY is bounded on the north by Cameron township, on the west by Washington and Jordan, and on the southeast by Schuylkill county. It is separated from Cameron by Line mountain, and drained by Greenbrier and Mahantango creeks and their branches. The surface is mountainous, and the prevailing character of the soil is a red shale.
At the organization of the county in 1772 Augusta township included this territory; but it was not long before the growth of population in the Mahanoy region demanded separate organization for that territory. The manner in which this was effected is thus set forth in the minutes of the county court of quarter sessions at February term, 1775 :-
A petition from a number of the inhabitants of the lower part of Augusta township in the said county was read in court, praying for a division of the said township for the remedying sundry inconveniences arising from its present extensiveness; where- upon it is considered that the same be divided by the following boundaries :-
Beginning within water mark on the west side of the Susquehanna; thence crossing the same by a direct line to the top of Mahanoy mountain and along the same to the county line; thence by the county line to the Spread Eagle in the forks of Mahantango; thence down the Mahantango to the mouth thereof, thence crossing Susquehanna to the mouth of Mahantango on the west side of Susquehanna, and up the western shore of the same to the place of beginning; all which described part is hereby erected into a separate township, to be henceforth called and known by the name of Mahanoy township.
The first township officers of Mahanoy were John Shaffer and Peter Almang, supervisors; Samuel Weiser and John Fisher, overseers of the poor, and Sebastian Brosius, constable. The township was nineteen miles in length from east to west; its shape was triangular, with the greatest dimen- sion upon the southern line. The present area of five townships-Jackson, Washington, Upper Mahanoy, Jordan, and Lower Mahanoy-was embraced within its limits.
At August sessions, 1806, as recommended by James Silverwood, Casper Snyder, and John Hays, viewers appointed at April term, 1805, a division of Mahanoy was ordered by a line "beginning at a stone-heap on the top of
-
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UPPER MAHANOY TOWNSHIP.
Mahanoy mountain on the right or eastwardly side of the main road leading from Sunbury to Harrisburg" and thence a general southerly direction to Ma- hantango creek. That part of the former territory of Mahanoy at the head- waters of the Mahantango and Greenbrier received the name of Upper Mahanoy, of which the first township officers were Daniel Herb and Nicholas Brosius, supervisors; Michael Diehl and Abraham Brosius, overseers of the poor, and John Latsha, constable. The township has been reduced to its present area by the erection of Jackson in 1836, Jordan in 1852, and Wash- ington in 1856.
PIONEERS.
The following is a list of the taxables of Mahanoy township in 1778, when its territory included all that part of Northumberland county south of the Line mountain: Peter Albert, Jacob Albert, Peter Almang, Martin Bucher, Sebastian Brosius, Nicholas Brosius, Henry Baumgardner, George Bender, Anthony Borwell, Valentine Bridge, Edward Biddle, George Calhoon, George Dennis, Christian Deppen, William Forster, George Forster, Peter Forster, George Forster, Jr., Martin Fisher, Jonathan Fisher, Nicholas Groninger, Nicholas Garrison, John Herter, John Herter, Jr., Moses Haines, Henry Haines, John Heckert, John Hoope, Nicholas Hettrick, Christopher Hettrick, George Heim, George Heim, Jr., Martin Heil, Jacob Heberling, George Jagley, John Knell, Andrew Keterly, Peter Kester, John Kriger, Leonard Kerstetter, Martin Kerstetter, Abraham Kobel, Casper Kobel, Peter Kull, Henry Kobel, Daniel Kobel, Henry Krails, Charles Kauffman, Henry Kahler, James Kaimer, Michael Kunkle, Michael Lenhart, Christian Lower, Philip Lesher, Henry Latsha, Gottlieb Lefler, Henry Lowry, Mary Minium, Q. Minner, Isaac Meyer, Alexander McKee, Dietrich Markey, Mary Miller, Jacob Maier, Widow Maier, Mary Naian, Jacob Ochsenreiter, J. Pheffer, J. Phillips, Richard Peters, Nicholas Pope, George Reiter, Valentine Rebuck, Peter Reidy, George Reiter, John Sherer, Henry Schockingast, Peter Smith, Baltzer Steeley, Nicholas Sicsinger, Peter Smith, Nicholas Scider, Jacob Stough, Yost Schockingast, Fritz Sherer, John Striker, Dietrich Stonebraker, Ludwig Schreyer, Ludwig Schultz, John Shop, Abraham Schreyer, George Stump, Jacob Schneider, Rachel Sherer, Sebastian Spat, Christopher Stump, Chris- topher Stump, Jr., John Adam Sherer, Nicholas Shaver, Peter Trautman, William Trippe, Martin Thorn, William Thompson, Samuel Weiser, Peter Whitman, John White, Christopher Whitmore, Jonathan Wolf, Jacob Whit- man, Frederick Weiser, Jonas Yocum, Jacob Zartman, Henry Zartman.
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