USA > Pennsylvania > Washington County > Washington > History of the city of Washington and Washington County, Pennsylvania and representative citizens 20th century > Part 65
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BULGER.
Bulger is three miles east of Burgettstown. The town was laid out on the land of Lockhart and Frew about the time the railroad was projected through. In the year 1882 a cheese factory was in operation here by the nearby farmers, but it was afterwards changed into a milk depot and conducted by Peter Hermes, of Pitts- burg. In 1900 Bulger had a population of 103 persons. Its population and business have been much increased by the coal operations of the two companies operating there at present.
There are about 30 houses in the town and four stores. Gas has lately been introduced into the dwellings.
When the Pittsburg and Steubenville (P., C., C. & S. L.) Railroad was constructed in 1865 a tunnel was
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excavated through the hill west of Bulger. In 1905 this tunnel was cut down and the railroad station at Bulger was removed westward about 1,000 feet. In 1906 the public road crossing was changed to an over- head bridge erected by the railroad company just west of the present station. Bulger has a postoffice with James M. Aiken, lumber dealer, as postmaster; three stores and a milk depot. The Verner Coal Company has a store a half mile distant.
RACCOON.
Raccoon is a milk shipping station on the P., C., C. & St. L. R. R. about three miles west of Bulger. Since the coal companies have started to operate up Cherry Valley several stores and buildings have been erected near this station.
CHERRY VALLEY.
Cherry Valley is a mining village, most of the build- ings being owned by the Pittsburg and Eastern Coal Company. It is located near the place where stood Leech's mill and old stone house. This village has about 900 inhabitants.
Over 50 years ago the ancient mills on this stream, the White mill on the John Farrer farm, Stevenson's mill on the John Key's farm and McFarland's mill be- low Raccoon Station, all tumbled down and were torn away. The steam mill at Burgettstown took the milling trade.
Smith Township adopted the cash road tax instead of the work tax in 1906.
In 1905 and 1906 Washington County built a "Flinn" road from Burgettstown in the direction of Florence. The cost of construction was $21,806.84; length, 10,560 feet; width of stone, 10 feet; width of grading, 22 feet; engineering cost, $1,427.40; repairs up to July, 1909, $164.62.
The county also built another road from Burgetts- town south towards Washington in 1908.
The cost of construction was $14,188.22; length, 5,450 feet; width of stone, 12 feet; width of grading, 24 feet; engineering cost, $729.41; no repairs. The millage of road tax for Smith Township in 1908 was 4 mills and the total amount collected $8,446.75.
A survey has been made for a trolley line almost parallel to the Panhandle Railroad as far west as Bur- gettstown and thence by way of Florence.
The early coal operations in this township were by the Midway Block Coal Company near the eastern line of the township a quarter mile west of Midway, and the Whitestown Coal Works one-fourth mile of Raccoon Station. The former was operated by the pioneer in
the development of coal to any extent in this region, T. B. Robbins, father of Francis L. Robbins, well known in connection with the Pittsburg Coal Company. The tipple at the Whitestone Coal Works was burnt and the mine was abandoned. Several houses known as Whitestown Village stood on the Simpson farm near the tipple. All have disappeared. The mine at Midway was also abandoned when Mr. T. B. Robbins and son began operations at McDonald.
The Pittsburg vein of coal is operated by several large mining companies near Burgettstown on drift mines or shafts of only a few feet depth. Two veins below the Pittsburg vein at a depth of 385 feet and 550 feet below the surface are found in oil wells one mile northwest of Burgettstown. A half mile east of Bur- gettstown these veins are found at a lower depth. The driller on the well east of Burgettstown reported two veins of from 12 to 15 feet in thickness, between 500 and 700 feet below the land surface on the Fulton farm.
The P., C., C. & St. L. L. R. R. in 1902 passed reso- lutions adopting surveys for three branch lines of rail- road to converge at Burgettstown; "Burgetts' Branch" to run through Burgettstown up Raccoon Creek toward Cross Creek four miles; "Hickory Branch" to extend four miles up Cherry Valley toward Hickory, and the "Raccoon Branch" to extend four miles down Raccoon to near Bavington.
A survey was also made and center stakes set and marked for a branch line toward Florence through the Samuel McFarland farm. Land was purchased from J. L. Patterson and others in the valley at Burgetts- town for a system of switches and storage yards. Two of these surveyed lines are already in operation a part of the distance. Burgett's branch extends about a mile through the town and ends at the Pittsburg and Erie Coal Company, Armedi mine, close by the fair grounds. The mine has not been operating during 1908.
The Hickory branch extends about three miles up Cherry Valley to the land of Joseph Keys, where the Pittsburg and Eastern Coal Company No. 1 operates and has a town known as Cherry Valley. Mine No. 2 of this company is opened on the Finley Scott farm and No. 3 east of the iron bridge. Hon. Mark A. Hanna, of Ohio, was deeply interested in the opening of these mines. These mines run four or five days a week dur- ing 1908.
The Raccoon No. 1 mine, operated by the Jesse San- ford Coal Company, is on this branch nearer to Bur- gettstown on land purchased from heirs of Samuel Ghrist. It has many well erected miners' houses painted white which can be seen from the Panhandle main line and make quite a showing for a town. The output is about 400 tons a day and about 150 men are employed.
The Raccoon branch survey and the Florence branch
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survey have not yet been built, and there are surveys by other companies down the Raccoon Creek.
In addition to these mines the Francis Coal Mine has been in operation by the Pittsburg Coal Company since 1903. It makes large shipments from its tipple on the main line of the P., C., C. & St. L. R. R. one mile west of Burgettstown, The land was purchased from Joseph R. McNary and others. The output for 1908 was 231,- 407 tons. The works employed 249 men.
The Verner Coal and Coke Company owns the Verner mine on the south side of the P., C., C. & St. L. R. R. about one-half mile east of Bulger. Its output for 1908 was 216,054 tons and 295 men were employed. This mine began shipping about 1903.
Bulger Block Coal Company-The Bulger Block Coal Company is situated on the north side of the P., C., C. & St. L. R. R. in Smith Township, on land purchased from D. W. Smith. This mine began shipping about the year 1903. The output for 1908 was 204,898 tons and 292 men were employed. Its surface lands are east of the public highway from Bulger to Candor and it owns a large block of solidly built miners' dwellings opposite the original location of the railroad station.
The first effort to explore for oil and gas was made during the Civil War. Oil had been struck across the river in Beaver County on land of the Economite So- ciety in 1860. After much discouragement the third well unexpectedly struck oil at 100 feet and flowed steadily for six months. Wells were afterward found around Georgetown at from 100 to 575 feet depth. This induced some farmers to start a shaft on the small acre- age of Thomas Ackleson two miles west of Candor. The excavation stopped at less than 100 feet for lack of faith or cash. Since then not only has the coal industry been of vast profit in that section, but the oil operations have enriched many of the farmers, as large quantities have been found in that field.
The pioneer oil and gas operator in this township was C. D. Robbins, who with his son, Harry, and his son-in-law, H. O. Patch, came from New York State, located at Burgettstown, and began leasing for oil and gas as early as December, 1879. They leased lands as the "Niagara Oil Company" and under private names. One of the first wells to strike gas near Burgettstown was drilled by them on the William Proudfit farm one- half mile east of Burgettstown. Wells were drilled on the lands of George M. Tenan, Esq., and James Tenan about the year 1892 a mile and a half northwest of Burgettstown by the Ohio Valley Gas Company. These have continued to produce up to the present time and although small have been generally regarded as good paying wells. A new field close by was opened on the Josiah Dornan farm about 1902. The wells were drilled
by the Hanover Oil and Gas Company. Some of them started with a production of 50 barrels per day. A fine pool of moderate sized wells was opened up by the Hanover Oil and Gas Company, extending under the ad- joining farms of Robert McCullough, Daniel M. McCon- nell, Duncan brothers and others, and the oil is being conducted away at the present time by two pipe line companies, the "Valvoline" and the "Vacuum."
In 1902 a well was struck on the Acheson farm (south of Burgettstown). Then the developments drift- ed in a southeastwardly direction to the Scott heirs' farm, and the William Russell farm. Oil was found in paying quantities, many wells making 125 barrels per day. The Gillespie Oil Company and Kelly & Cooper and Hanover Oil Company were the principal operators in this field. One company has 115 wells in this field that flowed nearly 2,000 barrels in the year 1906. The development gradually passed over the hill eastward into Cherry Valley as far as the farm of S. C. and John Farrer, the former homestead of ex-Judge John Farrer.
The wells of this township being northwest, south and southeast of Burgettstown, have not been large gushers, but many of them are good paying investments. This territory is still being extended. During the year 1908 a new field has been opened up in the Burgettstown vicinity and several good wells are being developed. On the A. H. Kerr farm near the fair ground three wells have been drilled by the Lawrence Oil and Gas Company. The wells are making about 15 barrels per day. The R. G. Gillespie Company has secured a 20- barrel producer on the Harvey farm adjoining the Kerr and Joseph E. Donaldson and brothers have production on their farm adjoining. On the Clark farm near the Francis mines a ten-barrel producer has been found during the past few weeks. It can hardly be said that this is a new field as several years ago test wells were drilled and dry holes were the result. It is thought by some of the oil men that this is practically a new pool and active operations are looked for the coming year. Gas is found in the township in very considerable quan- tities.
There were several forts built in this township at an early date. Before Beeler's Fort was built (now Can- dor) one called Allen's Fort was standing near the boundary line between Smith and Robinson Townships. At an early date Arthur Campbell bought a tract of land from Andrew and Adam Poe, the famous Indian fighters, who had previously lived on the farm. They were living here when Phillip Jackson's son ran from near Florence to Cherry's Fort in Cherry Valley, arous- ing the frontiersmen to the rescue of his father.
Vance's Fort was close to the line between this town- ship and Cross Creek Township. Some of the earliest
RESIDENCE OF J. R. STUDA, BURGETTSTOWN
RESIDENCE OF J. R. MONARY. SMITH TOWNSHIP
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settlers located in Smith Township, and the original townships of Smith and Cross Creek were considered the frontier settlements as late as 1781 and 1782. The fol- lowing are some of the early settlers of Smith Township and their names are accompanied with the approximate dates of their settlement :
Joseph Vance, 1774; William Crawford, 1776; Henry Houghland, 1776; Henry Rankin, 1778; Alexander Mc- Bride, 1778; James Leech, 1782; Abram Scott, 1784; John Mckibben, 1791; Samuel McFarland, 1801; James Edgar, 1779; John Riddle, 1790; David Hayes, 1783; David Wilkin, 1786; Thomas Whittaker, 1786; Josiah Patterson, 1806; John Wishart, 1795; Mathew Welch, 1803; John Allen, 1784; John Ferguson, 1798; John Cook, 1788; Robert Rutherford, 1782; John Proudfit, 1806; William Kidd, 1787; James Stephenson, 1780.
David Bruce and Sally Hastings were residents of Smith Township and gained considerable renown by writing poems.
Mount Vernon Associate Reformed Church-On the old Wasnington and Georgetown Road in Smith Town- ship on the ridge near the Mt. Pleasant line stands the old brick building once used by the Mt. Vernon Asso- ciate Reformed Church. It was built in 1832 for the accommodation of the said organization which had been formed in the year 1829. Rev. S. Taggart served the congregation until it became extinct because of the merged organization known as the United Presbyterian Church in 1858. The building was purchased by the late Joseph Leech and is today used for a barn.
The First U. P. Church of Burgettstown formerly had its place of worship erected on the top of the hill about half a mile east of the original town of Burgetts- town. The burial place still remains to indicate the old location. About the year 1872 this location was aban- doned for the new brick building now occupied by this congregation in Burgettstown. (See First U. P. Church under Burgettstown Borough.)
The Center U. P. Church was organized by Rev. J. C. Campbell in March, 1859. The original building was of frame, located on the edge of John Campbell's farm a half mile south of Midway. The name of the early pastor, Rev. D. S. Kennedy, will always be associated with that building which was used until the congregation built in Midway for convenience. (See Midway for further history.)
The first school in Smith Township was conducted by William Lowrie before the close of the Revolutionary War on a farm near the present mining town called "Cherry Valley." It was owned by Samuel MeFarland at the beginning of the nineteenth century and sold by
the executor of his son, Thomas, to Maxwell Work, who now resides on it.
Probably the first school taught in Burgettstown was taught by George McKaig in the winter of 1798-99. Other early teachers are William Grant, James Lee, Henry Robinson and John Smith. Previous to the oper- ation of the school law in 1834 schools had been con- ducted at some time or other in almost every school district in Smith Township. The free school system did not go into effect until the year 1837. The teachers were employed by special subscription and "boarded around" week by week with the families of their scholars. In 1837 eight free schools were put into oper- ation. Only three months were taught. The report for 1837 was as follows: Teachers, 7 male and 1 female; salary of males, $20 per month; scholars, male, 152; fe- male, 136; cost of instruction, 54 cents. Receipts, dis- trict tax, $459; State appropriation, $732.97; county, $355; $462 spent for instruction.
In 1908 there were in Smith Township, schools, 15; teachers, 19 (males 3, females 16) ; average number of months taught, 7; average salary of teachers per month, males $63, females $50; cost of each pupil per month, $1.71; number of mills on the dollar levied for school purposes, 21/2; estimated value of school prop- erty, $17,300; average number scholars enrolled, 403.
Union Agricultural Association (Burgettstown Fair)- In February, 1856, a meeting of agriculturists and stock raisers from the townships surrounding Burgettstown was held and the Union Agricultural Association or- ganized. The first fair was held on the land of Mrs. Freegift Crawford, mother of Mrs. Rachel Bell, of Bur- gettstown, October 8 and 9, 1856. The fair continued to be held here annually until 1860, when the company leased 91/2 acres of land from B. G. Burgett. Since then more land has been acquired. The title of Boston G. Burgett in the land passed to Samuel Morgan and after his death to his brother, Newton R. Morgan, of New Concord, Ohio, the present owner, from whom the land is now leased. During all this period of time the lease has been extended, fairs have been held annually on or about the first Wednesday of October each year, usually covering a period of four days, and have been well patronized. The wisdom of the first committee in selecting the date for holding the fair is shown by good weather at that time every year. It is a place of an- nual fall reunion, not only for farmers and others in the rural districts of Western Pennsylvania, West Vir- ginia and Ohio, but for residents of Pittsburg, Steuben- ville, Beaver, Washington and other prominent places. Its interests as a social gathering as well as a pro- moter of agriculture and stock improvement could not be estimated in dollars and cents.
The organization is unique in that it is not an organi-
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zation for profit and has never declared any dividends. Everyone who purchases a one dollar entrance ticket to the fair grounds becomes a member of the association and is entitled to have himself together with all female members of the family and male members under 12 ad- mitted free during the three or four days of the fair and to vote at the next ensuing election. A nominal fee is charged for single admission. The amounts thus raised added to stock entrance fees and privilege of the grounds have been sufficient to carry on the work with the annual improvements and premiums. Sometimes there is a deficiency which is met by public spirited citizens, who are reimbursed out of the next annual revenues. Frequently a small surplus is carried over from year to year, but from time to time it is consumed in improvements and premiums. The first year $340 was paid in premiums out of $620.40 received. For the year 1908, $4,381.35 was distributed in premiums and the gross receipts were $6,414.44.
The real estate value in Smith Township is $2,167,- 410; personal property, $171,449; number of taxables, 1,140.
The population of this township in 1850 numbered 1,462; in 1860, 1,417; in 1890, 1,592, and in 1900, 1,484.
In 1850, the number of voters in Smith Township was 306; in 1904 there were 427 voters and in 1908, 667.
SOMERSET TOWNSHIP.
Somerset Township was erected from parts of Fallow- field, Nottingham, Strabane and Bethlehem Townships April 3, 1782. It is bounded by North Strabane and Nottingham Townships on the north; Fallowfield Town- ship, Bentleyville and Ellsworth Boroughs and West Pike Run Township on the east; West Pike Run and West Bethlehem Townships on the south, and South Strabane Township on the west. It is centrally distant 12 miles from Washington, its greatest length being 10 miles and breadth 6 miles. The township is drained by Pigeon Creek with its branches and by Little Char- tiers Creek. The population of Somerset Township in 1850 was 1,517; in 1860, 1,723; in 1890, 1,273, and in 1900, 1,130. The number of voters in 1850 was 279; in 1904, 254, and in 1909, 260. It increased somewhat in the last ten years owing to the influx of miners. The real estate of the township is assessed at $2,875,733; the personal property at $83,845. There are 258 tax- ables.
The land of Somerset. Township is fertile and well adapted to cultivating large crops and to stock raising of all kinds.
A continuous group of gas wells occurs in Central Somerset Township, gas being obtained from the Eliz-
abeth sand. Small quantities of oil have been produced by a number of wells in the same region.
The most important mineral resource is coal, the township being richly underlaid with an excellent grade of the Pittsburg vein of coal. The Little Washington vein of coal is also found in the township.
As the valley of Pigeon Creek has gentle grades, it has been a simple matter to connect the mines with the Monongahela division of the Pennsylvania Railroad by a branch line running to Ellsworth and Zollarsville. Between the mines Nos. 3 and 4 and the crest of the Amity anticline is an area three miles broad along the south branch of Pigeon Creek, in which the dip is toward the southwest. This gives a large area in which the Pittsburg vein of coal can be advantageously mined by shafts sunk on the main branches of Pigeon Creek. Short switches will connect with the Ellsworth branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad.
The West Side Belt Line (now owned by Gould in- terests) has surveyed a railroad line with the present terminus in Clarksville, Greene County, but which is intended to extend into the Connellsville coal and coke field. This proposed line traverses the extreme eastern part of the county and goes through Bentleysville, Ells- worth and Somerset Townships and crosses the National Pike one mile east of Scenery Hill at Taylor's Summit. The road would open up a great coal field and much of the coal is sold and will likely be operated within a few years. Several large blocks of coal along this proposed road are now under option at a big price and its sale depends in a great measure upon the decision of the railroad company to complete the road which has been constructed from Pittsburg to Clairton and Bruce Station, in Allegheny County, near the Washing- ton County line.
The Pittsburg, Monongahela and Washington Street Railway Company expect to have a trolley line in oper- ation between Washington and Monongahela City. within two years, a part of which will pass through Somerset Township.
The first roads petitioned for in this township were between the various houses of worship as follows: A road from Pigeon Creek meeting-house to Chartiers meeting-house, in June, 1785; from Pigeon Creek meet- ing-house to Rev. McMillen's meeting-house, in 1792; from Henry Cotton's sawmill to Washington and Devore Ferry Road, 1792; from Pigeon Creek meeting-house to Stone meeting-house, in 1792; from Barnett's saw- mill to Caleb Baldwin's, in 1793.
In 1904 Somerset Township had 97 miles of public highway, and since then it has increased to 102 miles. The township passed the cash road tax bill in 1907. The Washington and Williamsport Pike runs along the
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY
northern part of Somerset Township and was con- structed soon after 1831. It was legally condemned as a toll road and the grand jury has approved the repair- ing of this road by the county, but the contract had not been let during 1908. The road is 15 miles and 3,979 feet in length and the estimated cost is $151,629.
The principal village of this township is Vanceville, Bentleysville, Ellsworth and Copeburg were in Somerset Township until the incorporation of the first into a borough May 22, 1882, of the second, August 20, 1900, and of the last September 17, 1906.
VANCEVILLE.
The village of Vanceville is situated near the center of Somerset Township on the Middle Branch of Pigeon Creek. A Virginia certificate for the tract of land on which the village now stands, afterwards serveyed as "Edge Hill," was received by Isaac Vance, December 3, 1779. About the same time his brother, John Vance, obtained land in the same region. In 1880 there were a store, blacksmith shop, steam sawmill, school building, postoffice, thirteen dwellings and two churches (Baptist and Disciple) in or near the village. There are at pres- ent a store, seven houses and the two churches. The Bell telephone is used.
Church of Christ at Vanceville The congregation of the Disciples of Christ at Pigeon Creek was organized in 1832. Previously, in 1803, a Baptist church had been organized on Pigeon Creek. In 1832 the Baptists, being troubled by the Campbellites, added a new article of faith to their creed, which was intended to counteract the Campbellite heresy, as they termed the new doctrine. Part of the congregation would not subscribe to this article, and were disposed to allow greater freedom in the exercise of that "soul liberty" which they con- sidered a glorious privilege of the Christian life. This body who refused the amended creed were called the "Gospel Church" and the old body the "Regular Bap- tist Church." The two congregations held services in the same house on alternate Sundays until 1859. The "Gos- pel Church" purchased land from David McDonough in 1858 and erected a church on Pigeon Creek, a half mile from Vanceville, in 1860. At this time the congregation was organized and is now known as the Church of Christ, or Christian Church of Vanceville. The church has been served by a number of ministers, but is now without a settled pastor. The membership is now twenty-five.
The following settlers were holding land in Somerset Township at the given dates:
William Colvin, 1786 (probably as early as 1777) ; Isaac Newkirk, 1786 (probably as early as 1777) ; George Gutner, 1780; Isaac Leonard, 1780; Danied Swickard, 1788; James Wherry, 1783; George Myers, 1785; Adam
Wier, 1785; Sheshbazzar Bentley, 1777; Frederick Ault, 1785; Thomas Hall, 1788; William Wallace, 1786; Ru- dolf Huffman, 1787; John Stevenson (an Englishman), 1780; John Stevenson (an Irishman), 1781; William Jones, 1783; Robert Morrison, 1789; Michael Moyers (Myers), 1780; Robert McCombs, 1787; Nicholas Van Eman, prior to 1781; Greer and George McIlvaine, 1788; Henry McDonough, James Cochran.
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