USA > Pennsylvania > Adams County > The history and topography of Dauphin, Cumberland, Franklin, Bedford, Adams, and Perry counties [Pennsylvania] > Part 34
USA > Pennsylvania > Bedford County > The history and topography of Dauphin, Cumberland, Franklin, Bedford, Adams, and Perry counties [Pennsylvania] > Part 34
USA > Pennsylvania > Cumberland County > The history and topography of Dauphin, Cumberland, Franklin, Bedford, Adams, and Perry counties [Pennsylvania] > Part 34
USA > Pennsylvania > Dauphin County > The history and topography of Dauphin, Cumberland, Franklin, Bedford, Adams, and Perry counties [Pennsylvania] > Part 34
USA > Pennsylvania > Franklin County > The history and topography of Dauphin, Cumberland, Franklin, Bedford, Adams, and Perry counties [Pennsylvania] > Part 34
USA > Pennsylvania > Perry County > The history and topography of Dauphin, Cumberland, Franklin, Bedford, Adams, and Perry counties [Pennsylvania] > Part 34
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31
362
HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY.
olson, John Neely, John McCrea, John Stuart, Archibald Kenedy, John Jordan, Wm. Jordan, George Templeton, Jas. Stuart, Richard Venable, Wid. Wilson, David Dreanan, John Dinsmore, Samuel Gauy, Wm. Davison, Samuel Big- ger, Thos. Gibson, John Brown, John Mckinley, Robt. Campbel, John Kinkead, Samuel Wilson, Robt. Patterson, John Reed, Robt. Reed, Wm. Reed, James Reed, Wm. Arm- strong, James Young, Robert Miller, Wm. Gillachan, Josh. Davies, Wm. Fleming, John Gilbreath, Richard Coulter, Richard Kilpatrick, Andrew Gregg, Robert Thomson, John Dicky, Jas. Brannan, John McClure, John Buyers, Arthur Foster, Hermanus Alricks, John Armstrong, John Smith, Wm. Buchanan, Wm. Blyth, John McAllister, Wm. Mont- gomery, John Patterson, Robt. Kilpatrick, Archibald Mc- Curdy, Wm. Whiteside, John Woodle, Wm. Dillwood, Wm. Huston, Thomas Lockward, Thomas Henderson, Jos. Thorn- ton, James Dunning, Wm. Moor, Geo. Davison, Alex. Pat- terson, John McBride, Robt. Robb, Dennis Swansy, Daniel Lorrance, Jon. Hogg, Oliver Wallace, John Bell, Arthur Buchanan, Robert Guthrie, Berry Cackel, Cornelius McAd- ams, Andrew McIntire, Alex. Roddy, Josh Price, Hugh Laird, Wm. Ferguson, Widow Duglas, Abraham Sanford, Moses Moor, Joseph Gaylie, Charles Mahaufy, Wm. Kerr, Hugh Creanor, William Guilford, Wm. Stuart, Wm. Chad- wick.
Freemen in Middleton and Carlisle .- Andrew Holmes, Jon. Kearney, Francis Hamilton, Jon. Donnel, Wm. Wilson, Pat. Loag, Rob. Patterson, Wm. Kinaird, Geo. Crisp, Hugh Laird, Wm. Braidy, Jas. Tait, Pat. Kearney, Arthur Fos- ter, Jas. Pollock, Thos. Elmore, Robt. Mauhiny, Jonathan Hains, William Rainiston, Jas. Gambel, John Woods, David Hains, Henry Hains.
Hopewell Township, 1751 .- Robert Gibson, David Her- on, Moses Donald, Thomas Donald, Francis Ignue, Daniel M'Donald, John Eliott, Alexander M'Clintock, James M'- Farland, Joshua M'Clintock, Hugh Terrance, Hugh Thom- son, Josh. Thomson, Josh. Thomson, jr., Robert McDowell, James McDowell, Robert Rusk, John Scrogs, William Wal- ker, William Corhahan, Thomas Gawlt, James Hamilton, John Laughlen, Josh. Gaii, Samuel Williamson, Samuel Smith, David Kidd, John Hodge, Robt. McCombs, Thomas Micky, John Wray, Richard Nicholson, Andrew McIlvain,
363
HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY.
George Hamilton, John Thomson, Wm. Gambel, Samuel Montgomery, Robert Simson, . John Brown, Allen Nisbit, John Nesbit, jr., John Nesbit, sen., James Wallace, And. Peeble, John Anderson, Patrick Hannah, John Tremble, Moses Stuart, William Reigny, John Moorhead, James Pol- lock, Samuel Stuart, Robert Robinson, David Newell, James M'Cormick, Charles Murray, Joseph Boggs, John Lysee, Andrew Leckey, John Montgomery, John Beaty, James Walker, William Smyley, James Chambers, Robert Meek, Dr. Wm. M'Gofreck, James Jack, James Quigly, Robert Simonton, John M'Cune, Charles Cumins, Samuel Wier, John M'Cune, jr., Josh. Martin, James Carrahan, Allen Kollogh, James Young, Francis Newell, John Quigly, Robert Stuart, Samuel Montgomery, Daniel Mickey, Audrew Jack, Robert Mickey, Hugh Braidy, Robert Chambers, William Thomson, Edward Leasy, Alexander Scrogg, John Jack, James Laugh- lin, John Laughlin, jr., Robert Dinney, David Simrel, Sam- uel Walker, Abraham Walker, James Paxton, James Uxley. Samuel Cellar, W. M'Clean, James Culbertson, James M'- Kessan, John Miller, Daniel O.'Cain, John Edmonson, Isaac Miller, David M'Gaw, John Reynolds, Francis Camble, William Anderson, Thomas Edisonson, James Dunlop, John Reynold, jr., William Dunlop, Widow Piper, George Cum- ins, Thomas Finlev, Alexander Fairbairn, John Mason, Jas. Dysert, William Gibson, Horace Brattan, John Carothers, Patrick Mullan, James Blair, Peter Walker, John Steven- son, John Aiger, John Ignue. Freemen : John Hanch, Josh. Edmonson, John Callwell, John Richison, skinner, P. Miller.
CHAPTER XXIV.
CUMBERLAND COUNTY REDUCED, ETC.
Present boundary of Cumberland ; population ; Geology of the county; Different kinds of land, cleared, uncleared, fit for cultivation, &c .; General statistics ; Synopsis of the census of 1840; Streams, natu- ral curiosities, &c .; Public improvements of various kinds ; Pack horses, and western carriers ; their indignation at the first wagoners ; Promiscuous notices.
The ample limits of this county, when first established, comprising all of the province west of the Susquehanna, ex- cept the territory of York, then embracing Adams, have since been much reduced, by taking the following counties therefrom, viz: Bedford, March 9th, 1771 ; Northumberland, formed of parts of Lancaster, Cumberland, Berks, North- ampton, and Bedford, erected March 21, 1772 ; Franklin, September 9, 1784; Mifflin, September 19, 1789; and Per- ry, March 22, 1820-and is now bounded on the north by Perry county, on the east by the Susquehanna river, sepa- rating it from Dauphin ; south by York and Adams counties; and on the west by Franklin county. Length thirty-four miles, breadth sixteen ; area, five hundred and forty-five square miles. Population in 1790, 18,243; in 1800, 25,- 386 ; in 1810, 26,757 ; in 1820 (Perry be separated) 23,- 606; in 1830, 29,226 ; in 1840, 30,953 ; at present (1845) about 33,000. Aggragate amount of property taxable was $9,092,674,00.
The geological feature of this county is not so diversified as that of Dauphin. "The ridges of the south mountain are almost wholly composed of hard white sand stone, and have a meagre rocky soil, mostly covered with timber, which yields fuel for the furnaces and forges in that region. At Pine Grove furnace, on Mountain creek, is a detached bed of limestone, of limited extent, surrounded by the mountain sandstone; and connected with a deposite of brown arquilla-
365
HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY.
ceons and hematite iron ore, which is productive and has been worked for many years.
" At the northern base of the south mountain commences the great limestone formation of the Kittatinny Valley, . which extends northward until it meets the next dark forma- tion of slate, situate between the limestone and Kittatinny mountain.
" Along the northern side of the South mountain, near the contact of the white sand stone with the limestone, iron ore is abundant, and is extensively mined for the supply of furnaces. Further north, and wholly within the limestone formation, pipe ore and other varieties of excellent quality may be obtained in many places.
" The rocks of the Kittatinny mountain are course, grey and reddish sandstones, next in order above the slate, and are not particularly valuable either for their utility or their mineral contents. In the neighborhood of Lisburn, or Yellow Breeches creek, the middle secondary red shales and sand stones pass across from York county, overlapping the limestone to a limited extent. Large beds of the calcareous conglomerate belonging to the upper portion of this forma- tion are visible along the steep banks of the creek; but the material is generally too silicious to be worked and polished as the Potomac marble, with which it is identified in other respects. Some ridges and dikes of trap rock are also appa- rent in the same neighborhood, connected with the great trappean range in the north of York county. A remarkable trap dike issues from the South mountain near Carlisle Iron works, and extends norhtward through the limestone and slate, forming an abrupt stoney ridge quite across the county to the Blue mountain, east of Sterrett's Gap. This dike is believed to pass through the Blue mountain, being probably the same which is seen near the Susquehanna in Perry coun- ty, and again east of the river in Lykens Valley above Mil- lersburg in Dauphin county."
Iron ore is found in various parts of the county. In Al- len township, on the farm of Willam R. Gorgas, Esq., is an excellent quality, and supplies in part, D. R. Porter's fur- nace at Harrisburg. Rising of seven thousand tons have already been taken out here. During 1845, upwards of three thousand tons were mined.
31*
-
366
The annexed table, compiled from the Fourth Annual Report of Pennsylvania State Geologist, will be found con- venient for reference :
Composition in 100 parts.| A. |
B. | C. | D. | E. ]
F. 1 G. | H. 1 I.
K. | L.
2.60
Silica & insoluble matter, 20.10 Alumina, Per oxide of iron,
3.30 16.32 0.10 trace. trace. 49.80 27.93 70.04 17.55
12.0 0.4 74.8
12.1 4.3 trace.
4.05 4.80 2.72
13.0!
3.89
5.8 2.0
.50
69.4 85.65 77.201
69.0 84.60
77.2 87.09
Per oxide of manganese, Oxide of manganese,
Water,
12.00
trace. 3.81 10.96
12.0
14.0
8.80 15.15
13.0 8.70
14.5| 8.81
Lime,
Manganese,
trace.
-
-
0.45
0.8
0.2 0.90 0.13
0.2 0.31|
0.5, 1.00
Per. cent of iron,
33.86 65.88 48.56 52.36 48.58 59.95 54.04 48.03 59.22 54.04 60.96
A. From M. Ege's Mountain Bank, south of Carlisle Iron Works.
B. From a Bank half a mile from Carlisle Iron Works.
C. From the Mountain Ore Bank of Carlisle Iron Works.
D. From Gen. Thomas C. Miller's Mountain Bank.
E. From Peffer's Bank, six miles south west of Carlisle. F. From one mile and three-fourths from Carlisle Iron works.
G. From W. R. Gorgas' Bank, three miles and a half south west of Harrisburg. H. From Kerr's Field, eight miles west of Carlisle.
I. From within half a mil- of Gen. T. C. Miller's furnace.
K. Ore used in the Mary Ann Furnace from the Helm Bank.
L. From Clippinger's Bank, used at Mary Ann furnace.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
trace.
-
Magnetic oxide of iron, LOSS,
64.79
3.32
-
HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY.
4
4.8 2.50
367
HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY.
This county lying principally within Cumberland, or Kit- tatinny valley, is comparatively level, except along the north, northwest and southwest, and in those portions where slate or shale abounds. Much of it is limestone; the land is fer- tile, and in many parts well cultivated. The limestone abounds in the following townships, viz: Allen, East Penns- boro, Hampden, Monroe, Silver-spring, North Middleton, South Middleton, &c. &c. According to the agricultural statistics of 1838, there were 74,300 acres of cleared lime- stone land, 35,430 uncleared limestone, 38,060 slate land cleared, 12,950 slate land uncleared, 23,940 gravel land cleared, 5,560 gravel land uncleared, 12,205 sand land un- cleared, 80,715 mountain or rockland, 3,610 known to con- tain iron ore. The whole quantity of cleared land of all kinds is 284,100 acres, uncleared land, but fit for cultivation, is 48,400 ; uncleared land not fit for cultivation, is 48,600 acres. The average value of cleared land was in 1838, $33 per acre; the average value of wood land $27; the average value of wood land unfit for cultivation $8. The whole value of all the cleared land $4,833,500 ; of all the un- cleared land $1,336,000; the whole number of farms one thousand four hundred and seventy-four; the average size of one hundred and ten acres each; the average yield of wheat per acre, thirteen bushels ; of rye, ten; of oats, twen- ty-two; of barley, twenty-one; of corn, nineteen; though on some farms from fifty to sixty bushels is considered a good or fair yield; potatoes, sixty ; though from two hundred to two hundred and fifty bushels have been raised in some favorable seasons; turnips, fifty-five ; buckwheat, twelve ; hemp, dress- ed in pounds, eighty ; flax, ninety pounds. The whole num- ber of stone farm houses, two hundred and ninety-eight; brick farm houses, one hundred and forty-four ; wooden farn: houses, nine hundred and ninety seven ; tenant houses on farms, not farm houses, eight hundred and twelve; the whole number of stone barns two hundred and ninety-two; seventy one brick barns; wooden barns, one thousand one hundred and eleven; and many of them are thatched with straw; the whole number of acres of wheat the crop of 1838, twenty-two thousand nine hundred and fifty ; of rye, eigh- teen thousand seven hundred and sixty acres ; of oats, four- teen thousand three hundred acres; five hundred and eighty acres of barley ; of corn, nine thousand seven hundred
368
HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY.
acres; twenty-one thousand nine hundred and twenty acres of clover ; four thousand one hundred and sixty acres of timothy ; natural meadow, two thousand one hundred and seventy acres; one thousand eight hundred and ten acres of potatoes ; one hundred and ten acres of turnips; seven hun- dred and sixty acres of buckwheat ; fifteen acres of hemp ; one hundred and ten acres of flax.
According to the census of 1840, there were, in this coun- ty, six furnaces, which produced two thousand eight hundred and thirty tons of cast iron ; five forges and rolling mills, which produced two thousand one hundred and fifty tons of bar iron ; the furnaces and forges consumed ten thousand six hundred tons of fuel; employed four hundred hands, includ- ing mining operations; capital invested $110.000. The value of other metals produced $1,750; employed twenty- two hands. The value of stone produced $2,000; gave employment to eight men; capital $500.
Live stock .- Horses and mules, nine thousand two hun- dred and forty seven ; twenty-four thousand two hundred and four neat cattle; twenty-three thousand nine hundred and thirty sheep; forty-seven thousand two hundred and thirty-five swine; poultry of all kinds, estimated value, $12,671.
Cereal grains; five hundred, sixty-seven thousand, six hundred and fifty-four bushels of wheat; eleven thousand, one hundred and four bushels of barley; six hundred and fifty-four thousand, four hundred and seventy-seven bushels of oats; two hundred and forty-seven thousand, two hun- dred and thirty-nine bushels of rye ; thirteen thousand, seven hundred and seventy-two bushels of buckwheat ; six hun- dred forty-five thousand and fifty-six bushels of Indian corn. Various other productions-forty-seven thousand, one hun- dred and thirty-three pounds of wool ; four thousand, eight hundred and twelve pounds of hops ; six hundred and eighty five pounds of bees wax ; one hundred and twenty-one thou- sand, six hundred and forty-one bushels of potatoes; twen- ty-four thousand, four hundred and twenty-three tons of hay; eleven and three-fourths tons of hemp; fourteen thousand, eight hundred and forty-nine cords of wood sold ; besides that used for domestic and culinary purposes by those who sold wood ; value of the products of the dairy, estimated at $100,753; value of the products of the orchard $18,860;
371
HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY.
gallons of wine made 397; value of home made or family goods $24,666; pounds of reeled silk, three ; $15 value of the same; five persons employed; capital invested $4505. Value of manufactured $2,450; nine persons employed ; capital invested $1,150. Hats, caps, bonnets, &c .- Value of hats and caps manufactured $6,800; employed twenty- six persons; capital invested $4.550. Tanneries, thirty-one tanned twelve thousand, nine hundred and seventy sides of sole leather; ten thousand seven hundred and seventy-seven of upper; employed sixty-four men; capital $89,175. All other manufactories of leather, saddleries, &c., ninety-six ; value of manufactured articles $38,635; capital invested $16,240; Soap and candles, two hundred and thirty thou- sand, two hundred and eighteen pounds of the former, and forty-five thousand and sixty pounds of the latter.
Distilleries, twenty-eight, which produced two hundred and fifty-two thousand, three hundred and five gallons of "alcoholic beverage !! " three breweries, produced twelve thousand gallons of beer; employed forty-three men ; capi- tal invested $45,400 ; one pottery, value of manufactured ar- ticles $400; employed two men, capital $200. Value of produce of market gardens $4,145; value of produce of nurseries and florists $545; six men employed ; capital in- vested $7,045; eleven commission houses; capital $22,500.
Retail dry goods, grocery and other stores, one hundred and twelve; capital invested $318,146; lumber yards, thir- teen; capital invested $42,350; one hundred and forty-four men employed. Internal transportation, sixteen men em- ployed in; capital invested $17,775 ; value of lumber produ- ced $12,760. Value of machinery manufactured $8,300 ; twenty-senen hands employed. Number of small arms made, sixty-six ; five men employed. Various metals, value of their manufacture $21,550 ; fifty men employed. Value of bricks and lime manufactured $29,218 ; eighty three men employed. Fulling mills, twelve ; nine woolen manufactories; value of manufactured goods $26,800; sixty-one persons employed ; capital invested $7,700; one cotton factory; two persons employed. One paper manufactory ; value of produce $4,- 000; capital invested $3000. Five printing offices; two book binderies ; six weekly newspapers; fourteen men em- ployed ; capital invested $6,120.
Carriages and wagons manufactured, value of $32,760;
372
HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY.
one hundred and twenty four men employed; capital invest- ed $21,070. Fifty-four flouring mills, manufactured seven- ty-one thousand, six hundred and fifty-two barrels; eight grist mills; sixty-three saw mills; one oil mill, value of man- ufactures $60,831 ; employed, one hundred and thirty-four men, capital invested $140,523. Value of furniture manu- factured $22,850, fifty-seven men employed ; capital invested $12,850. Brick and stone houses built, thirty-three; wood- en houses built, thirty-four; two hundred and seven men em- ployed; value of constructing or building $58,270. Value of all other manufactures not enumerated $40,465 ; capital invested $12,870. Total capital invested in manufactures $390,601.
5
MALES.
FEMALES.
CENSUS of 1840 , of CUMBERLAND CO., PA.
under 5
5 and under 10
10 and under 15
15 and under 20
20 and under 30
30 and under 40
40 and under 50
50 and under 60
60 and under 70
70 and under 80
80 and under 90
under 5
5 and under 10
10 and under 15
15 and under 20
20 and under 30
30 and under 40
40 and under 50
50 and under 60
60 and under 70
70 and under 80
80 and under 90
Males of all ages.
Females &c.
Allen,
186|
125
127| 1111
2281
121
52' 47| 34|
9|
30
6
245
207
245
268
422
206
178 110
68
31
8
138 177
Carlisle,
223
240
261
322
528
174
222
138
99
76
34
12
3
207
177
172
167
218
108
98
54
30
8
6
73
76
East Pennsboro'
239
144
141
122
224
130
97
49
27
12
C
210
148
146
141
228
119
85
60
29
12
0
16
11
Frankford,
112
91
91
67
105
58
42
33
15
71
21
95
81
74
66
121
64
41
36
18
4
4
18
17
Hopewell,
82
82
73
54
77
54
471
13
14
5
01
59
66
77
84
91
47
57
22
7
7
5
6
7
Mechanicsburg,
67
37
47
30
50
44
35
10
7
0
56
43
31
38
69
32
27
16
7
4
1
8
9
Mifflin,
117
119
84
65
97
74
55
36
11
2
111
108
110
81
117 179
70
59
42
13
12
3
2
0
Monroe,
130
95
109
85
170
74
46
41
22
8
1
115
114
80
14
13
14
46
13
4
8
2
0
0
1
0
New Cumberland,
30
12
7
11
46
17
5
8
1
1
0
120
97
91
78
138
85
58
31.
24
5
2
6
2
Newton,
118
107|
102
100
111
68
61
35
20
8
1
6
4
0
36
35
30!
40
75
36
27
18
13
6
0
2
29
26
N. Middletown,
181
131
131
111
180
92
79
48
39
11
3
0
0
20
11
13
6
16
11
6
1
2
1
0
5
4
Shippen,
8.6
88
83
761
113
61
48
45
17
14
4
82
92
87
100
145
77
70
33
29
15
5
55
48
Silver Spring,
172
124
132
97
152
117
85
51
21
5.
1
164
144.
108
125
171
104
75
48
14
10
0
11
7
S. Middletown,
175
139
138
97
185
102
78
40
28
13
1
172
111
118
128
200
86
69;
47.
24
10
2
41
0
5
5
Southampton,
119
106
126
99
150
62
52
45
17
9
4
110
72
92
99
142
65|
54
29
14
71
36|
32
W. Pennsboro',
128
107
108
102
212
84
63
46
26
7
4
127
115
125
131
197
75
62
49
21
7
2
14
10
Newville,
46
42
30
42
64
45
15
5
4
3
169
117
106
125
158
102
58
56
33
12
20
13
4
6
5
69
59
31
67|
53
24
9| 3|
21| 19
168| 138; 117| 0
143
216
1041
Dickinson,
192
189
177
153
135 86
41
Total Population. 2413 1992 1978 1750 2959 1530 1103 729 383 172 32
2297 1890 1835 1934 2952 1473 1151 744 392 173 47 491 505
Shippensburg,
10
14
11
6
15
19
16
2
15
100
31
51
TOWNSHIPS.
|| Col. po.
A SYNOPSIS OF THE CENSUS OF 1840, OF EACH TOWNSHIP.
CEXSUS OF 1840
Furnaces.
Forges, rol. mills
Flouring mills.
Grist mills.
Saw mills.
Oil mills.
Tanneries.
Distilleries.
Horses & Mules
Neat Cattle.
Sheep.
Swine.
Bushels of
Bushels of
Indian corn.
Oats.
Barley.
Potatoes.
Tons of hay.
|Pounds of wool
Bushels of
Value of the
products of the dairy.
TOWNSHIPS, ETC.
01
11
3
I
0
01 3
387
412 216 1340 10166 3225 16455 10674
932
15| 8288|1562|2659| 164 809 4621
75| $6213 3861
2. Carlisle,
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
11
0
1
1
1
3|
0
2
0
01
3
3
0
1
3
55
56
42
282 2103
387 1564
1470
00
1320
57
54
00
330
8. Mifflin,
0
2
3
7
0
2
0
2
0
4
11
0
0
21
19
28| 180
1009
350
590
925
843
45
256
00
190
10. New Cumberland,
0
1
1
1
6
1
2
32
86
301
225
260}
100
660
350
00
566
69
80
90
780
13. North Middleton,
0
0
6
5
0
1
3
0
0
0 81| 145
155
453
4680
16981 9920
4630
00
694
294
270
32
1400
14. Shippen,
0
0
0
3
1
80|
156
881 3268 13440 11540 494 10940 736|2049 1975 3988 60218 15178 63699 68002 633 1656 1328 3853 38766 17029 42905 48494
00
1266
251
308
403|
1900
16. Silver Spring,
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
1
567 1524 1611 4658 28877 17387 39467 40743
394
7004 1294 2922
884
7160
19. West Pennsboro', 0
0
2
3 821 2299 2228 3022 58015 23961 72105 66140 1125/
7667 2032 39611
2911
13775
2
5
0
1
4
1
3
1
1
1
0!
2
0
0
0
521 1522 1966 1895 20855 16041 25938 20675
180
5740 1623 3131 2334
278
3572
9. Monroe,
0
4
0
0
2
0
840 2144 2293 3731 42051 24033 55886 61680 1049/13001 2491 5750 1863
8437
0
0
15. Shippensburg,
620 10678 1617 3147 750
9680 1580 2762
826
5674
18. Southampton,
2
0
0
0
1
2
1 1120 2902 3028 5654 67691 33707 68371 67893
921 18398 3438 6857 1290
16420
4. East Pennsboro',
702 2021|1599 3787 64968 17941 59586 60512 1123 11405 2009 3477
731
8414
5. Frankford,
458|1432 1262 1611 16477 15077|21497 23688
2|
6285 1561 1919 879
2187
371|1166|1367|1634|13124 14726 23250 19812
136
4147 1224 2281/1443|
4160
6. Hopewell,
0
0
11
0
0
0 0
619 1564 1864 3538 39865 17774 54395 45265 3807
4327 1730 3469
704
7900
11. Newton,
12. Newville,
541|1410 1512 3172 46988 13202 39375 44148
50 00
5702 1382 3224
raised.
Buckwheat.
OF CUMBERLAND CO'Y.
1. Allen,
662|1650|1338|3718|40601|12155 35953|37835
6
78
3. Dickinson,
0
0
7. Mechaniesburg,
3125
0
571
5255
17. South Middleton,
1
Wheat.
Rye.
373
HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY.
Streams in Cumberland county .- Besides the Suequehan- na on the east, which is the recipient of all the streams that drain this county, the Conedogwinet is the main creek in the county. It rises in Horse valley, near Jordan's Knob in Franklin county, and flows thence, at an average distance of five miles, south of the Blue mountain, through this county: passing about a mile north of Newville, nearly two miles north of Carlisle, and falls in the Susquehanna at Fairview, about two miles and a half above the Harrisburg bridge, having a comparative course of nearly sixty miles ; but as its course is very serpentine, its entire course may not fall short of eighty miles, following the meanders of the stream. In its course through the county, it receives a number of small streams, such as Means run, in the western end of the coun- ty ; Big Spring, Letort creek, Hoges run, Silvers' Spring, and others.
Means run rises at the foot of the South mountain, flows north along the boundary line between Franklin and Cum- berland counties, through Shippensburg ; after flowing a distance of eight or nine miles falls into the Conedogwinet creek. Big Spring rises about a mile northeast of Stoughs- town, passing by Newville, falls into the Conedogwinet creek. Letort creek rises in South Middleton township, from a large fountain as its source, gives motions to several mills, passes through the borough of Carlisle, and empties into the Conedogwinet three miles north east of Carlisle .- Hoges run rises near Hogestown, and empties into Conedog- winet. Silvers' spring* rises principally from a large fountain on the plantation of George Rupp; flows north about one mile, and falls into the Conedogwinet. It affords ample wa- ter power in its course to two flouring mills.
The Yellow Breeches is the next considerable stream, it rises on the north side of the South mountain. Its course is eastward, receiving Mountain creek from the south and sev- eral small streams, such as Boiling spring, Switzers run, Ce- dar run, and other smaller tributaries. It forms the south boundary of the county for a distance of ten or eleven miles. It affords water power to some forty flouring, giist and- saw
*This Spring derives its name from James Silvers who settled near, or on ic, prior to 1733. In 1744 Aug. 15 Mr. Silvers obtained a war- rant for a large tract of land here .- Compiler.
32
374
HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY.
mills. It falls into the Susquehanna at New Cumberland about three miles below the Harrisburg bridge.
Mountain creek, the principal tributary of the Yellow Breeches, rises on the borders of Adams county, flowing along and winding round the South mountain, after a course of ten or twelve miles, falls into its recipient. Boiling Spring, rises near the eastern boundary of South Middleton town- ship, contiguous to Ege's iron works, and after running a short distance, empties into Yellow Breeches creek.
Cedar Spring rises in Allen township on the plantation of Jacob Markel, flowing eastward, affording power to a large flouring mill, saw mill and clover mill, falls into the Yellow Breeches immediately below Milltown.
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