USA > Tennessee > History of Tennessee from the earliest time to the present : together with an historical and a biographical sketch of from twenty-five to thirty counties of east Tennessee, V.3 > Part 10
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It is likely that the Baptists, Methodists, and Presbyterians held meetings in the county about the same time. In 1788 Rev. Thomas Ware formed the French Broad Cir- cuit of the Methodist Episcopal Church, having been sent out from the Nollichucky Circuit. This, doubtless, included Knox County. . One of the first societies organized in the county was near Seven Island in the neighborhood of the Cunnyngbams, Huffakers, and Wellses. Another society was near Logan's Chapel. An early one was at Macedonia. The Meth- odists organized in Knoxville about 1816. The Presbyterians founded the first society of which there is any record. As early as 1790 exercises were held at Gillem's Station, by Revs. Samuel Carrick and Hezekiah Balch, Cumberland Presbyterian Churches are of a later date. The Baptists began about 1700 or perhaps a little earlier. The oldest society in the county is at Flat Creek, and was organized in 1796. The Episcopal Church was established in the forties. The Christian Church was represented first in 1870. In the fifties the Catholics established societies.
The retail trade of Knoxville will compare favorably with that of any other city of its size, both as to the number of the firms and the extent of their business. Of the many enterprising houses, only a few of the best known can be mentioned in these pages. They are H. J. Owens. Young. Williams & Co., Thornburgh & Daniels, Meek & Biddle, McMillan & Treadwell. Mitchell & Payne, J. S. Hall, S. W. Flenniken. P. Hannifin and A. L. Young, dry goods; J. B. Minnis & Co., C. Rutherford, T. P. McDaniel & Co., S. P. Condon. J. Lichtenwanger, Caldwell & Selden. Caldwell & Thorn- burgh, James Anderson, Gammon & Larue, S. W. Hall & Co .. J. L. Hudiburgh, Jett, Gammon & Co., D. R. Mayo, W. B. Scarborough. J. C. & W. A. Schneider. H. A. Kelly. H. E. Kelly, Bearden & Co., Blaufield & Bro., W. M. Miller, groceries; McCrum &
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Yeager, Gooding & Shughrue, J. W. Slocum. G. W. Albers, Tompkins Bros., J. A. McCampbell, C. J. Moore & Co., Spence & Co., W. M. Weber, W. J. Worsham, J. D. West and D. H. Zbinden, drugs; Brandau, Kennedy & Co., Huddleston, Smith, Powers & Co., Berwanger Bros., M. Nelson & Co., S. & A. Scaskind, A. Lobenstein & F. Hart. clothiers; Anderson, Cooley & Co., Brown Bros. & Co., Cruze Bros. and J. T. Rowntree & Co., * hardware; G. W. Adney & Co. and G. R. Williams & Bro., stoves and tinware; J. C. Cullen. glass and queensware: Brown, Carter & Huddleston. Epps, McMillan & Co., H. W. Hall & Co., Haynes & McCoy, J. E. Lutz & Co. and Atkins & Brownlee, boots and shoes, hats and caps; Ogden Bros. & Co., Ramage & Co. and William & W. E. Williams, books and stationery; H. W. Curtis, Hope Bros. & Co., Moses Greer, Jr., & Co., J. & L. Wenning, jewelry, watches etc .; Steen & Marshall and John A. Gilbert, music and musical instruments; G. W. Akin, Mrs. W. N. Hodge and Mrs. C. F. Rollings, millinery; F. J. Cal- lan, N. Cuquel, G. W. Hand. D. Moore and W. H. Button, merchant tailoring; S. P. Angel, W. Jenkins & Co., C. F. Maskall and W. G. Ware, sewing machines; P. Ritter, J. Blaufield and C. Kohlbase, cigars and tobacco; P. Kern, Bell Bros., I. E. Barry & Co. and MI. Taylor, fruits and confections: V. Burger & Son, A. David & Co., J. W. Gaut & Son, Smith & Bondurant, J. Allen Smith & Co., L. C. Matthews and R. Sammon, produce and commission merchants; S. & E. S. Barker, Brooks & Goodall, Cruze Bros., James George, Trent & Toms, T. J. Youmans & Co. and T. Johns, coal; Shepard, Mann & Johnson and S. Newman, undertaking; E. W. Eckardt, A. G. Rhodes, Boyd, Allen & Co. and S. T. Atkin & Co., furniture.
Knoxville is well supplied with first-class hotels, which are liberally patronized. The principal ones are the Hattie House, John C. Flanders, proprietor; Schubert's Hotel. H. Schubert, proprietor; Atkin House, I. N. Scott, manager; and the Lamor House, H. P. Truman & Co., proprietors.
The leading livery men are W. M. Bell & Co., Peyton Carter, J. M. Shetterly & Co., Daniel Cawood, P. A. & T. J. Roberts, Bird & Staub, P. B. Brown and J. H. Atkin.
In commercial operations the growth has been very rapid. The following carefully prepared statement of the trade of Knoxville was made in 1886: Iron and nail, $500,000; stoves and tinware, $25,000; woolen goods, $140,000; cotton goods, $125,000; dry goods, $1,500,000; clothing. $600.000; boots, shoes and hats, $1.000,000; groceries, $2,000,000; queensware, $200,000; books and stationery, $100,000: drugs and paints, $400,000; candy, $50,000; leather, $100,000; harness and sadlery, 300,000; furniture, $125,000; agricult- ural implements, 300,000; timber and lumber, $800,000; sash, doors and blinds, $100.000; ax and hammer handles, $50,000; wagons and buggies. $25,000; engines and boilers, $200,000; cars and car-wheels, $100,000; foundry and machine works, $50,000; marble and coal, $1,000,000: zinc spelter, $100,000: a total of $11. 285,000.
At what time the first Masonic lodge in Knoxville was organized could not be ascer- taiped, as all old records pertaining to it had been destroyed. It was known as Mount Labanus Lodge, and was established at a very early period in the history of the town. Of the lodges now in existence, the oldest is Master's Lodge, No. 244, the records of which have also been destroyed.
Maxwell Lodge, No. 433, was organized in November, 1871, with L. H. Rogan as W. M. It has since been fairly prosperous and now has a membership of about forty.
Oriental Lodge, No. 453, was organized under a dispensation granted November 10. 1873, with N. S. Woodward as W. M .; J. V. Fulkerson, S. W., and A. Caldwell. J. W. It contains some of the best members of the fraternity in the State, and is in a highly pros. perous condition.
Pearl Chapter, No. 24, R. A. M., was organized in 1841, with the Most Eminent James W. Paxton as H. P. It has worked continuously to the present time, with the exception of a few months during the civil war. The present II. P. is Arch. Ferguson. The pres- ent membership is fifty-six.
Couer de Leon Commandery, No. 9, K. T., was organized on May 5, 1868, under a
" While many of these firms sell more or less goods at wholesale, they have been classed in the department in which they are the most prominently identified.
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HISTORY OF TENNESSEE.
dispensation granted by R. E. Sir John Frizzell, Grand Commander of Tennessee, with the following officers: John W. Paxton, E. C .; William Morrow, G .; A. N. Maxwell, C. G .: W. IT. Dillard, P .; H. M. Aiken, S. W .; S. B. Dow, J. W .; Spencer Munson, Rec .; J. A. Mabry, Treas .; U. A. Rouser, Standard Bearer; William Rule. Sword Bearer; H. C. Haw- kins, W., and John W. Cruze, S. At the burning of the Masonic Hall, the commandery lost about $2,000 worth of property. It now has a membership of seventy, with S. B. Dow as E. C.
Knoxville Consistory, No. 10, S. P. R. S .. under the Peckham Cerneau jurisdiction, was instituted on July 7, 1894, with H. H. Ingersoll, thirty-third degree, as C. C. Among the other officers arc A. J. Albers, thirty-second degree; R. H: Sansom, thirty-second degree; A. Gredig, thirty-second degree; J. H. Keeling, thirty-second degree; J. L. Cur- tis, thirty-second degree; G. W. Albers, thirty-third degree: W. A. Galbraith, thirty- second degree; E. E. McCroskey, thirty-second degree; John E. Clyman, thirty-second degree; S. G. Bowman, thirty-second degree; J. H. Doughty, thirty-second degree, and J. W. Cruze, thirty-second degree,
Tennessee Lodge, No. 4, I. O. O. F., was organized on March 20, 1848, with the fol- lowing charter members: A. A. Barnes, A. R. Crozier, P. M. McClung, William M. Churchwell and James Rodgers. The lodge has since been successfully maintained. and now has a membership of sixty-three with J. R. McBath as Noble Grand.
Knoxville Lodge, No. 188, was organized on November 23, 1869. The charter mem- bers were James M. McAffry, L. C. Shepard, E. G. McClanahan, J. D. J. Lewis, W. H. Parker and J. C. Ristine. The present membership is twenty-three. J. I. Culverhouse is Noble Grand.
Golden Rule Lodge, No. 177, was instituted on July 2, 1874, with R. Y. Hayes, G. B. Burlson, J. B. Campbell, J. E. Newman, W. R. Stephenson, W. C. Putnam. George W. Roth, P. F. Jenkins and E. B. Mann, as charter members. The present membership is fifty-three.
Knoxville Encampment, No. 11, was organized soon after the institution of Tennes- see Lodge, with the following members: James A. Deery, A. A. Barnes, W. M. Church- well, William Hunt, Daniel Lyons, William Lyons and M. D. Bearden.
Teutonia Lodge, No. 141, K. of H., was organized August 20, 1875, with about eight- een members. It is now in a prosperous condition, and has a membership of 149, with J. W. Benziger as Dictator. L. A. Gratz, a member of this lodge, is the present Supreme Dictator.
Relief Lodge was organized in 1876, and now has but a small membership.
Fidelity Lodge, No. 9, A. O. U. W., was organized in August, 1876, with John Burks as Past Master Workman, and Fred Esperandieu, Master Workman. Soou after the organization of this lodge Phoenix Lodge, No. 14. was instituted with a membership of about fifty-three. A few months later Peabody Lodge, No. 44, was established. These two lodges existed as separate bodies until December, 1886, when they were united under the name of the former.
Pioneer Council, No. 34, A. L. of H., was organized September 10, 1979, with a small membership which rapidly increased, and has since averaged about 125.
Knoxville Council, No. 110, R. A., was instituted in June, 1878, with L. A. Gratz, as Past Regent, A. L. Maxwell, Regent, and Julius Ochs, Secretary. Its original member- ship of twenty-five has increased to sixty-eight.
Peace Commandery, No. 1, U. O. of G. C .. was organized on July 11, 1876," a short time after the incorporation of the Supreme Commandery. Hope Commandery, No, 2, was instituted August 16, 1876, but did not receive its charter until the following Novem- ber, at which time the members numbered forty-one.
Ed. Maynard Post, No. 14. G. A. R., was organized December 23. 1883, with the fol- lowing inembers: A. S. Prosser. L. A. Gratz, W. R. Carter, W. JJ. Ramage. W. W. Dann. W. C. Brandon, Ignaz Fanz, C. H. Brown, W. R. Tuttle, P. D. Roady, S. J. Todd. B. Goodhart and George L. Maloney. The first Commander was A. S. Prosser who was
*Seo page 308.
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succeeded by L. A. Gratz. The present officers are W. J. Ramage, C .; W. W. Dunn, S. V. C .; Ignaz Fanz, J. V. C .; L. Harvey, Adjt .; W. A. Gage, O. D .; J. R. Galyon, O. G .; Thomas D. Lewis, Chaplain; J. W. Stewart, Surgeon: L. W. Schirman. Q. M.
Felix K. Zollicoffer Camp, Confederate Veterans, was organized December 10. 1855. with 135 members, and for the following admirable purposes: "The object shall be to perpetnate the memories of our fallen comrades, and to minister, so far as practicable. to the wants of those who were permanently disabled in the service, to preserve and main. tain that sentiment of fraternity born of the hardships and dangers shared in the march. the bivouac and the battle ground. It is proposed not to prolong the animosities engen- dered by the war, but to extend to our late adversaries on every fitting occasion, courte- sies which. in our case, a common citizenship demands at our hands. We propose to avoid everything which partakes of partisanship in religion and politics, but at the same time we will lend our aid to the maintenance of law and the preservation of order." The present membership of the camp is about 165. Alexander Allison is Commander, and P. B. Shepherd, First Lieutenant Commander.
The medical profession has always been ably represented in Knoxville. In the Gazette of April 20, 1794, Dr. Thomas McCombs informs the public that he intends to remove and locate in Knoxville about May 15, where he proposes to enter upon the prac- tice of medicine. He hopes his loug studies and experience under the most eminent phy- sicians in the Atlantic States, and his attention to his profession will insure him the pat- ronage of the public. During the same year Dr. Robert Johnson also advertises that he has located in Knoxville. Of those now remembered Dr. Joseph C. Strong was the earli- est. He was finely educated, and was an excellent physician. He continued to practice until his death, which occurred about 1844. Dr. James King, who died in 1839, was a contemporary of Dr. Strong. Dr. Donald Melutosh began practice at a little later date. Others who were prominent previous to the war were Francis A. Ramsey, William J. and Leonidas Baker, Joseph W. and John Paxton, R. O. Currey, P. Fatio, J. Woodward, James Rodgers and John M. Boyd, the last two of whom are still living. Dr. J. G. M. Ramsey, who had been a pupil of Dr. Strong, opened an office in Knoxville in 1820, but two years later removed to the Forks, where he continued until the war. On May 7. 1945. a number of medical practitioners met in convention at Knoxville, and organized the Medical Society of East Tennessee.
The following is a list of the mayors of Knoxville, with the date of election: Thomas Emmerson, 1816; James Park, 1818; W. C. Mynatt, 1822; James Park, 1824; \W. C. Mynatt, 1827; Joseph C. Strong, 1828; Donald McIntosh, 1832; S. D. Jacobs, 1834; W. C. Mynatt, 1835; James King. 1837: W. B. A. Ramsey, 1838; Samuel Bell, 1840; G. M. Hazen, 1842; M. M. Gaines, 1843; Samuel Bell, 1844; Joseph L. King, 1846; Samuel B. Boyd, 1847; George M. White, 1852; James C. Luttrell, 1859: William G. Swan, 1955. James H. Cowan, 1856; Samuel A. White, 1856; Thomas J. Powell, 1857; James White, 1858; Joseph Jacques, 1858; A. M. Piper, 1858; J. C. Luttrell, 1859; M. D. Bearden, 18OS; John S. Van Gilder, 1870; William Rule, 1873: Peter Staub, 1874; D. A. Carpenter, 1876; Joseph Jacques, 1878; S. B. Luttrell, 1878; H. B. Branner, 1880; Peter Staub, 1881; R. S. Payne, 1882; W. C. Fulcher, 1883, and James C. Luttrell, 1885.
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HISTORY OF TENNESSEE.
HAMILTON COUNTY.
H AMILTON COUNTY was organized by act of the Legislature October 25, 1819, and - was named in honor of Alexander Hamilton, secretary of the treasury, whom Aaron Burr killed in a duel. The topography of the county is extremely varied, being very mountainous in the northwest, the valley portion being about one-third of the whole area. The principal valleys are Tennessee, Lookout, Chattanooga, Chickamauga and Back. Tennessee River and its tributaries drain the county. The geological strata are found from the Knox dolomite to the carboniferous period. Coal caps the highest elevations. Iron ore is also found in extensive quantities.
It is doubtless true that the first settlers were Scotchmen, who located here among the Indians very soon after the Revolution. Among the names preserved are Ross, McNair, McCoy, Coody, Martin, Taylor, Adair, Lourie, McPherson and McDonald. The most of these men married Indian wives, and became incorporated into the Cherokee Nation. John Ross was the son of the first mentioned by an Indian wife, and became a chief of the Cherokees. At the time the county was organized the population was 821, of whom 766 were whites. Among the first settlers were Patrick Martin, William Lauderdale, Robert Patterson, Charles Gamble, Hasten Poe, Asahel Rawlings, Nimrod Pendergrass. James Smith, James Cozby, James Brown, Andrew Johnson, William McGill, John Hanna, John Brown, James Varner, Gilbert Vandegriff, George Williams, Nathan Shipley, Preston Gann, George Sawyers, John Russell, Henry Rogers, Elisha Rogers, David Beck. Jacob Hartman, Hugh, David and James Cunningham, Thomas Shirley, Daniel Sciveley and many others were early settlers in the early part of this century. Walden's Ridge was named for John Walling who was killed by the Indians. The name has since been cor- rupted to Walden's or Wallen's Ridge. A grant of 20,000 acres in Hamilton County was made to Stockley Donelson, by North Carolina, but the boundaries described contained nearly 150,000 acres. When many of the first settlers arrived they found the land occupied by the Cherokees, who to a great degree had been subdued.
In 1770 the Shelby and Montgomery expedition against the Cherokees was made, resulting very disastrously to the Indiaus of the present Hamilton County. Their villages and fields were laid waste, and they were dispersed to the mountains. This was the expedition that carried back such glowing accounts of the country below Knox County to the settlements northeast of the present Knoxville.
In 1782 Gen. Sevier, with a large body of men, fought the Indians, commanded by Wynca, on Lookout Mountain, defeating them badly. This battle above the clouds was earlier than the one on the same mountain by Gen. Hooker. In 1788 Gen. Martin fought the second, also badly defeating the natives. After 1819 the Indians were removed to the south side of the river. In 1838 the south side was also taken from them, and they were removed west of the Mississippi. Missionary Ridge or Mission Ridge, as it is sometimes called. was named from the circumstance that the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions had sent out to the Cherokees pious missionaries. The first mission was estab- lished in 1817. Revs. Cyrus Kingsbury, Ainsworth E. Blunt and John Vail were the first. "Brainerd " was the name of the first mission. Rev. Loring S. Williams and Moody Hall care about the same time. Dwellings, schoolhouses, mills, etc., were built.
The postoffice at Rossville was established in 1527. James Coody being commis- sioned postmaster. The first sessions of the court of pleas and quartersessions were held at the house of Hasten Poe, next at the house of John Mitchell, then at Dallas, the first county seat. In 1940 the court was removed to Vaun's Town, and soon afterward to Harrison, where it remained until 1870, when it was taken to Chattanooga, following
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HAMILTON COUNTY.
in each instance the county seat. The total cost of the courthouse at Chattanooga including ground, bell, clock, furniture, fence grading, etc., was $64,625. The new jail was completed in 1881 at a cost of $33,530.83, including the lot. The records of the county and city of Chattanooga were destroyed during the war. The court records are missing prior to 1865. Since that date the county and city courts are very efficient and strong.
The present site of Chattanooga was formerly Ross's Landing. It took its name from the Scotchman, Ross, or his descendants, and had an carly existence, but did not come into notice until the place began to become a salt market for the salt works far up the river in Virginia. It became a salt market for a large section of country, to the south and east. This trade first brought the landing into notice, and gradually a small hamlet arose there, and fically in 1838 lots were laid out aud offered for sale. It was not until 1838 that the whites could acquire titles to the lands there. The salt came down the river from King's Salt Works in Virginia. In 1838, 1,500 barrels of salt were sold here at an average price of $8 per barrel. In 1836 the military post was established here, looking to the removal of the Indians two years later. This new tract of land became known as the Ocoee District, and the land office was at Cleveland. Pre-emption rights were given all those who had already made improvements. The town was named Chattanooga upon being laid out, but the meaning of the name is uncertain, though the origin is doubtless from the Indians. . In 1839 the town was incorporated as such, and in 1851 was chartered as a city. In the thirties the project of uniting Cincinnati and Charleston, S. C., with a railroad was discussed. This finally bought a road from the south to Chattanooga in 1849. At this time the city was a brisk commercial point, and was steadily growing. About 1850 the road to Nashville was completed. These and the Alabama Railroad. which reached Chattanooga over other tracks, and the railroad to Knoxville, gave the city a big boom. In 1858 the road westward toward Memphis was built, and in 1879 the city was connected with Cincinnati. In 1856 Chattanooga had become so large that the principal business of the county centered here, but the county seat still remained at Harrison. In 1858 the law court of Chattanooga was created with John C. Gaut, judge. A chancery court was also created with T. Nixon Van Dyke, chancellor. But these courts were formed only for the convenience of Chattanooga, and were merged into the chancery and circuit courts of the county, respectively, when the county seat was removed from Harrison to Chattanooga in 1870. The great growth of Chattanooga has taken place mainly since the war, and is due to its location among the coal and the iron fields. Capitalists from abroad have come in and built foundries, factories and furnaces, and opened coal and iron mines. Now the city is one of the most active, commercial points in the country. Saw mills, furnaces, foundries, machine shops, pump works. tanneries, brick yards, plow factories, marble works, stove shops, furniture factories. boiler works, ice factories, flouring-mills, lumber yards, etc., are among the present occupations. The early banks were as follows: Bank of Chattanooga, Bank of Tennessee, Branch of the State Union Bank and the Lookout Savings Bank. Later and present banks are City National Bank, Discount and Deposit Bank, Mechanics and Tra lers Bank, First National Bank, Branch of the Freedman's Savings Bank, Third National and City Savings Bank. In 1878, 366 persons died in the city, of yellow fever. In 1852-53. 334 persons died in the city, of small-pox.
The Chattanooga Gazette was founded in 1837 by F. A. Parham, and was then called the Hamilton Gazette. Among other papers have been the Daily Republican. Daily Amer- ican Union, Daily Rebel, Daily Herald, Advertiser, Times, Commercial Methodist Adevente. Baptist Reflector, Sunday Argus, Tradesman and others.
The Chattanooga Orphans' Home was established in 1878, the Y. M. C. A. in 1ST6. the Associated Charities in 1881, and the Steele Home for colored children in 1884. The population of Chattanooga is now about 30,000.
Coulterville, Sale Creek, Soddy, Daisy, Melville, Cave Spring Station. Hixson, King's Point, Boyce, Dallas, Harrison, Tyner, Chickamauga, Fairmont, Sammertown. Wau- hatchie and others, are small towns of the county. The military history of the county is so thoroughily treated of in other chapters, that it will be omitted here.
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HISTORY OF TENNESSEE.
The early schools were private institutions. Aldehoff's Institute, on the top of Look- out Mountain, four miles from "The Bald," was a noted institution in ante bellum days. Late in the decade of the sixties the common school system was established in this county under the act of March, 1867. E. O. Tade became first county superintendent. Slowly and steadily this system has grown into popularity, prominence and power. The scholas- tic population in 1876 was 4,890, and in 1986 it was 11,661. Under the four-mile law the following schools have been established: Poe Spring Academy, Pleasant Grove Seminary, Soddy Preparatory and High School, and Bethlehem Academy. In 1872 the Chattanooga High School for girls was established. Chattanooga University was first designed in 1871 by the Methodist Episcopal Conference. The institution was finally built early in the eighties, the first term opening in September, 1886. Rev. E. S. Lewis was the first presi- dent. All these educational institutions, together with the excellent public school system, give abundant facilities to the youth of Hamilton County for acquiring a liberal edn- cation.
The missions established in the county at an early date are the first religious move- ments in the county of which there is any record. They were successful, because in the hands of determined and able Christian workers, sent out by that famous institution of religious learning and zeal-the Audover Theological Seminary of Massachusetts. The Cumberland Presbyterians began organizing societies about 1841. The Methodists started into life about the same time. There were, doubtless, country societies in the county before this, but nothing is now known of them. The Christian Church did not find a footing in the county until about 1870. The Catholic Church, always watchful and zeal- ous, was established about 1850. The Jews have been organized at Chattanooga for sev- eral years. The Episcopalians are comparatively recent. The Baptist Churches date back about forty years.
In accordance with the provisions of the act for the incorporation of the city the first election was held on the last Thursday of December. 1851, and the board then chosen organized on January 5, 1852. Following are the names of the mayor and board of aldermen then organized: Mayor, Milo Smith; aldermen: First Ward-Larkin Hair, N. B. Parhamn; Second Ward-John P. Long, J. J. Bryan; Third Ward-Robert Cravens, William Crutchfield; Fourth Ward-D. C. McMillin, John A. Hooke.
The following is a complete list of the mayors elected under this charter: In 1953, Henry W. Massengale; 1854, William Williams; 1855, E. G. Pearl; 1856, D. C. McMillin; 1857, W. D. Fulton; 1858, W. S. Bell; 1859, Thomas Crutchfield, Sr .: 1860. Charles E. Grenville; 1861, J. C. Warner; 1863, Milo Smith; 1863, Milo Smith. The Federal Army took possession of the city in September, 1863, and as a consequence, the operations of the civil government were interrupted until October, 1865, when the following officers were elected: Mayor, Richard Henderson; board of aldermen: First Ward-A. Bohr. 1. Kesterson; Second Ward-J. Mann, J. DeBeck; Third Ward-William Crutchfield. T. R. Stanley; Fourth Ward-Jacob Kunz, D. Hogan. The other mayors under this charter were Charles E. Lewis, elected in 1866: D. C. Carr, in 1867 and also in 1868.
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