USA > Tennessee > History of Tennessee from the earliest time to the present : together with an historical and a biographical sketch of from twenty-five to thirty counties of east Tennessee, V.3 > Part 8
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917
SULLIVAN COUNTY.
Paperville, a small village about twelve miles east of Blountville. was founded by a man named Burkhart, who at a very early day established a paper-mill there. He contin- ued as proprietor for a number of years, after which the business was conducted under the style of Marsh & Burkhart. Prior to the organization of a Presbyterian Church, at Bristol, a strong society had been maintained at Paperville for thirty or forty years. A Methodist Church was also founded there some time previous to 1840. Among the trus- tees were Thomas S. Henderson, Daniel W. and Samuel J. Crumley Phillip Bushong and William B. MeCroskey.
Bluff City is a thriving little town on the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia Rail- road, at its crossing of the Holston River. It has, undoubtedly, changed its name as a postoffice and village oftener than any other place in the State. It was originally known as Choate's Ford. Upon the establishment of a stage line from Abingdon to Knoxville. it became known as Middletown, but when it was laid off as a town, after the completion of the railroad, it was named Union. During the war it became Zollicoffer. but in 1865 the former name was restored. and it continued to be known as Union until July 1, 1887, when it received its present name. The site of the town was originally owned by Elisha Cole, but subsequently became the property of David MeClellan, who was the owner when the railroad was built. The town now has a population of about 500.
A Presbyterian Church known as Pleasant Grove, was organized near this place on November 16, 1850, with forty-five members. The ruling elders were David Woods, Alfred Carmack, Joseph Rhea and Adam Thomas, Jr. A house 10x30 feet had already been completed, and services had been held by Daniel Rogan, who gave this congregation one-fourth of his time. January 29, 1882, Holston Church, which may be deemed the successor of Pleasant Grove, was organized in Union by Revs. John R. Key, J. B. Cou- verse and H. H. Dulaney. The members at that time numbered twenty-four. James D. Rhea and Adam Thomas were chosen ruling elders, and E. A. MeClellan and Charles C. Chamberlain, deacons. A Methodist Church was organized in Union about 1855, and a house of worship was erected soon after. Within the past few years a Baptist Church has also been established.
The largest and one of the most enterprising towns in upper East Tennessee lies on the border between Tennessee and Virginia, and is known as Bristol, Tenn. As regards municipal government, however, this name applies to one-half the town only, the portion on the Virginia side being known as Goodson. In all other respects it is one town, and is so regarded in this sketch .*
The site of Bristol was purchased from Rev. James King by J. R. Anderson, of Blountville, on July 10, 1852. It consisted of 100 acres, forty-eight in Virginia and fifty- two in Virginia. He soon after had this tract laid off into streets and lots, and contracted for the building of a dwelling-house and store at the corner of Main and Fourth Streets, which he occupied in September, 1853. It then stood in the midst of a large meadow, without a road leading to it, and during the first year a crop of corn and grass was raised upon the ground. The town was surveyed by Henry Anderson, county surveyor iu - Main Street was laid off wholly in Tennessee, because the Virginia & Tennessee Railroad Company would not permit their grounds to be crossed. Nearly opposite Mr. Anderson's dwelling, and distant from his front door about seventy feet, was a large cherry tret. which had been adopted by Henderson & Walker as a State line tree, and from it as a starting point, Main Street was located. However, in laying off this street, instead of beginning at the center of the tree, the line was run from the south side of it; thence, the street runs south of west one-half a degree, and all running from it on the Tennessee side. extend in a course one-half a degree east of south. The first plat of Bristol was changed somewhat upon the survey of the Tennessee & Virginia depot grounds by C. H. Lynch. He located Shelby Street, and the reserve made by Mr. King of the old burial ground. wherein reposed the remains of Gen. Evan Shelby, and several of the near relatives of Mr. King until 1872, when they were removed by order of the mayor and aldermen. The Virginia & Tennessee depot grounds were laid out prior to the purchase of the site of the
*Written mainly from notes furnished by Mr. J. R. Anderson.
918
HISTORY OF TENNESSEE.
town by Mr. Anderson. Mr. King gave six acres and Col. Goodson nine acres for the purpose. The depot building was erected in the summer of 1851 by James Fields. It was destroyed in 1863 by the Federal troops. The Tennessee & Virginia depot was built in 1858, and burned during Stoneman's raid in 1864.
The second house in the town was built by Dr. Zimmerman, and is now owned by his heirs. The first boarding-house was opened in the old dwelling-house of Rev. James King on Solar Hill, by Dr. W. A. M. Willoughby and John P. Hammer in 1855-56. The first hotel was built in connection with a store house by Nelson & Loyd, and was known as the Columbia House. It stood on the lot now owned by J. R. Dickey, and was burned in 1860. Another hotel which was twice burned and twice rebuilt was erected in 1857 by Peck, Langham & Snyder. It was known as the Magnolia House. It was rebuilt the last time by T. C. Lancaster, and is now known as the Virginia House. The Thomas House was built as a dwelling in 1858 by William F. Butler, and after the war was con- verted into a hotel by J. W. Thomas. The Exchange Hotel. now the Nickel's House, was built by J. R. Anderson as a grain commission house in 1858. ,The next year he remodeled it, and in 1860 it was opened as a hotel by Thomas W. Farley. During the war it was used as a Confederate hospital, and was then sold to W. H. Nickels.
The first house of worship in Bristol was a small schoolhouse which stood on the lot where William Brown now lives. It was also occupied by a Sunday-school, and the first division of the Sons of Temperance was organized there. Mr. King soon sold this building, and erected a large one on the lot now occupied by the Presbyterian Female Institute. It was used for the same purposes as the other. The teacher of the day school being James B. Crabtree, and the preacher Rev. James King. On September 5, 1858, the first Presby- terian Church was dedicated by Rev. James McChain, Rov. James King and Rev. I. N. Naff, appointed by the New River Presbytery. After the dedication an organization of a congregation was formed by the election of Alexander Susong, George L. Worley, Alfred Carmack. E. H. Seneker and Joseph R. Anderson, ruling elders; Joseph R. Anderson, clerk of the session, and Rev. James King as stated supply. The members numbered about thirty. the most of whom had formerly belonged to the church at Paperville. The second stated supply was Rev. Andrew Blackburn, who continued to March 30, 1859. He was followed by Rev. James King, who was ordained pastor in May, 1859. In December of that year Rev. Daniel H. Rogan was elected assistant pastor. This union continued until March, 1861, when the latter went north. In May, 1862. Mr. King was succeeded by Rev. J. M. Hoffmeister, who continued until his death, January 31, 1864. Mr. King supplied the pulpit until May, 1865, when Rev. George A. Converse was chosen as stated supply. and on February 27, 1869, was installed as pastor, which position he has since continned to fill. In April, 1882, the old Presbyterian Church was torn down, and the present large and imposing brick edifice was erected upon the site, meanwhile the congregation wor- shiped in what is known as the Z. L. Burson's Church. The building is 90x55 feet and cost $11,500. The membership at the present time is 350.
In 1874, owing to some dissensions which had arisen in the congregation, concerning the enlargement of the church building, twenty-four members withdrew, and on January 26, of that year, with five members from other churches organized, the second Presbyterian Church, with John H. Winston, Vietor Doriot, E. B. McClanahan and V. Kubler as ruling elders. The latter, however, resigned. Rev. J. D. Tadlock supplied the pulpit, and serv- ices were held in the Episcopal Church, which was occupied by the congregation until the spring of 1878, when a neat frame house was completed at the corner of Moore and Cumberland Streets in Goodson. The preachers who have supplied the pulpit since Mr. Tadlock, have been Revs. J. W. Rogan. B. W. Mebane and J. Albert Wallace. The members of this church now number ninety-one.
The Goodson Baptist Church was constituted in 1858, by Rev. Wilham Cate of Jones- boro, one of the most indefatigable and best beloved ministers in Tennessee. The original members were W. P. Hamilton. Arthur Edwards, W. J. Betterton and wife. J. W. Morgan, Arthur Stewart and Mrs. M. B. Coleman. The organization took place in the old Temperence Hall, where services were held for several years. In 1869 a frame
919
SULLIVAN COUNTY.
building was erected upon a lot donated by J. R. Anderson, and was dedicated by E. W. Roach. It was occupied until the fall of 1886, when an elegant and commodious frame edifice was begun; it was completed at a cost of $5,000. and on the first Sunday in June, 1887, was dedicated. The pastors who have had charge of this church have been Revs. Will- iam Cate, J. D. Chambers, M. B. Wharton, J. T. Kincannon, R. B. Boatright, B. G. Maynard, J. L. Loyd, - Worley and R. D. Haymore. Rev. Mr. Kincannon served the church at two different periods, and during the latter, in 1871, a part of the members to the number of twenty-three, taking offense at the doctrines preached by him, with- drew. These, on November 5 of the same year, met in the Episcopal Church, organ- ized themselves into a new congregation and installed Rev. J. G. Talbott as pastor. Owing to the informal manner of the organization the forty-five members then belong- ing were re-constituted as the Bristol Baptist Church, by Revs. James Luster, George C. Thrasher and N. C. Baldwin. The last named then became pastor. In 1873 he was succeeded by Rev. L. L. Burson, who, in 1850, was succeeded by A. M. Stewart. Services were held in the Episcopal Church until ---- , when Mr. Bursou individually completed a brick church edifice 74x40 feet, at a cost of 87,000. The organization was maintained as a member of the Southern Baptist Association. until September 7, 1885. when an honorable adjustment of the difficulties with the parent church, was effected, and the two organizations were merged together, under the name of the Bristol Baptist Church.
The Christian Church of Goodson owes its origin largely to the efforts of Rev!' Samuel H. Millard, who as early as 1854, began preaching in the depot.
The next year a brick church on Virginia Hill was completed and a society organ- ized. Among the early members were Alfred, Hugh and Thomas Millard, Nathan Worley, Peter Jones, John McCrowell, William and John Rutherford. Andrew Meyers, J. L. C. Smith, Isaac Sharrett and their families. Mr. Millard continued as pastor of the church for about fifteen years. His successors have been John Haymaker, James Masters, Anthony Ferguson and David Buck.
Emanuel Episcopal Church of Goodson was constituted by Rev. Mr. Mowbray on January 24. 1862. The vestry was composed of the following men: M. W. Hutcheson, W. B. Williams. L. M. Hall, George W. Yates, A. K. Moore, R. W. Broadanx and W. J. Martin. Previous to this time the present house had been erected, and soon after was fur- nished. The rectors of the parish have been Rev. Charles P. Rodefer, Rev. E. H. Engle, Rev. (now Bishop) Penick, Rev. Pendleton Brooks, Rev. J. B. Funsten and Rev. J. S. Sykes. The membership of this church has never been very large, and much of the time the pulpit has been vacant.
The Methodist Episcopal Church of Goodson dates its origin from 1856. when Rev. George W. Miles, then in charge of the Blountville Circuit, made the house of Jesse Ayde- lette, of Bristol, a preaching place, where a society consisting of nineteen members was soon organized. Col. S. E. Goodson then donated a lot on Scott Street upon which about 1858 a church edifice was erected. The trustees at this time were William F. Butler, John Fleming, John Moore, D. W. Crumley and W. W. James. In 1860 it was made a station. and William Robeson was assigned as pastor. Since that time the church has steadily grown in membership, which now numbers 400, under the pastorate of J. T. Frazier. The present large brick building, with a seating capacity of from 600 to 800, was completed at a cost of about $8,000. In --- a church was erected on Mary Street by Mr. A. D. Reynolds, and a mission station established with Tobias F. Smith as the first pastor.
Prior to 1867 the schools of Bristol had been only those of a private character. com. ducted somewhat after the manner of the oldfield schools. In the fall of that year what was known as the Bristol High School was opened by Dr. J. D. Tadlock, in a building which had been built in 1857 by D. D. Tyler as a residence. It was occupied by him ustil 1862, when it was sold. and subsequently came into the possession of Rev. James King, by whom it was donated with twenty-five acres of land to Holston Presbytery, Synod of Nashville, for a college for the education of young men for the ministry. In 186> the institution was chartered as King's College. Dr. Tadlock continued as president until
920
HISTORY OF TENNESSEE.
1885, when he was succeeded by Dr. J. Albert Wallace, who had filled the chair of mental and moral philosophy since 1885. The institution justly ranks high among the colleges of the South, and while the attendance is not large the standard of education is high.
The education of young men having been provided for by the founding of King's Col- lege, the Methodist Episcopal Church South decided to undertake the education of young ladies. In September, 1868, a school was opened in the Episcopal Church by Mrs. Chan- ceaulme, who had taught a school the previous summer in the Keller Block. The next year Rev. Dr. D. Sullins assumed charge of the school, which was then removed to the old King residence on Solar Hill, where a boarding-house was opened in connection with it. Mr. W. W. James, through whose efforts the work had thus far been carried forward. then succeeded in purchasing eight and one-fourth acres of land lying in front of the King residence, and upon this tract was laid off the present site of the college building, which was soon after erected at a cost of about $10,000.
Dr. Sullins continued as president of the institute until 1881, when he resigned, and was succeeded by Dr. D. S. Hearon, who remained five years. He then resigned to accept the presidency of Martha Washington College, and L. L. Carlock was chosen his suc- cessor. During the summer of 1887 an addition to the present building will be made at a cost of about 88,000, to supply a pressing need for more space. Recently Mr. James, to whom is due the establishment of the college, donated $2,000, to be known as the " James Aid Fund," and to be used in assisting indigent young ladies to secure an educa- tion.
The first newspaper established in Bristol was the Bristol Nors, published by J. A. Sperry, whose office was in a small building on Fourth Street. He began in May. 1857. and continued until the office was burned during Stoneman's raid. He also published the Presbyterian Witness, edited by Revs. A. Blackburn, James King and J. MeChain.
In 1865 John Sack established the newspaper since known as the Bristol Ners, which he edited and published until 1869, when he sold out to I. C. Fowler. A few years ago Mr. Fowler was appointed clerk of the United States District Court at Abingdon, and the paper has since been published by A. C. Smith. In 1871 John Slack established the Bristol Courier, which he continued to edit and publish until appointed postmaster in 1885. Since that time it has been edited and managed by his son, C. H. Slack, an ener- getic and enterprising journalist, who issues over 1, 400 copies of the Courier weekly. The Bristol Reporter was established in December, 1819, by T. J. & J. H. Burrow, the present proprietor. Among the other periodicals published in Bristol have been the Goodson Gazette, established about 1867 by Coleman & Rice; the Daily Argus published for a few months about 1880, by John Barnes and Z. T. Hammer; the Sourenir, a monthly literary inagazine published by W. M. Burrow, and the Holston Methodist, which was issued froin the Courier office for about three and a half years.
The Bristol National Bank was incorporated in 1874, as the successor of the Bank of Bristol, organized as a State bank with a capital of $25,000. The capital was $50,000 until 1887, when it was increased to $100,000. The first officers were Henry Cain, pres- ident, and J. R. Anderson, vice-president. The present officers are J. R. Anderson, pres- ident, and John H. Caldwell, cashier. A. Fulkerson. George W. St. John, J. R. Anderson. J. H. Caldwell and John L. Ray constitute the board of directors.
The growth of Bristol in population and wealth has been constant, and during the past few years remarkably rapid. Its site is advantageous both for manufactories and commercial enterprises. Those of the former already established are as follows: The Bristol Cotton Mills, established about 1875 by Fulton & Sparger; the Bristol Woolen Mills, operated by C. H. Lewis; a machine shop and sash, door and blind factory. con- ducted by MeCrary Bros .; a veneering factory, by Aldridge & Co .: a machine shop, by Buffam & Co .; a carriage manufactory, by Brown Bros. ; a flouring-mill. by T. F. Wood; a tobacco manufactory, by A. D. Reynolds, and a furniture factory, by T. H. Mattox. The leading mercantile firms are Anderson & Carr, Sencker & Taylor. T. C. Pile & Co., Kon- drick & Co., Z. L. Burson & Son, Pitzer & Co., W. W. James, Jr., and J. M. Barker. day goods; T. J. Betterton, Leonard & Bondurant, J. T. Powell. R. II. Wasker & Bro., W. P. Dick Bros., R. H. Overstreet and T. D. Moore, groceries; Dickey & Anderson. Rives
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SULLIVAN COUNTY. 921
Walker, and Bunting & Son, drugs; Ferguson & Thomas and C. L. Sevier, hardware: Brewer & Sweet, tiaware and stoves: S. J. James & Hedrick, A. S. Gump and S. A. Gump. clothing; J. II. Thomas. W. F. Cooper and R. J. & F. Carter, jewelry; J. L. King, books and stationery; A. S. McNeil and T. H. Mattox, furniture; R. B. Overman and W. B. Gale, musical instruments; T. H. & C. L. Headrick, queensware and glassware; Norvell & McDowell, boots and shoes; W. W. Davis and T. Hicks & Co., produce; Campbell & Trammell, lumber.
Of the three railroads centering in Bristol, the Norfolk & Western is the oldest, hav- ing been completed as the Virginia & Tennessee in 1856. Two years later the East Tennessee & Virginia was completed. In 1877 the Bristol Coal & Iron Narrow-gauge Railroad was chartered to run from Bristol to Big Stone. Of this road Maj. H. C. Wood became presi- dent and W. W. James vice-president and general manager. Work was begun in 1879, and after grading about eleven miles the company transferred its charter and franchise to the South Atlantie & Ohio Railroad Company, who have the road in operation as far as Estillville, Va., and will soon reach the coal fields of that section.
Bristol was incorporated in February, 1856. The first board of mayor and aldermen was constituted as follows: J. R. Anderson, mayor, and L. F. Johnson, E. P. Cawood, Dr. S. R. Anderson, J. W. Morgan, William Carmack, F. L. Hartman and T. W. Farley. Goodson was incorporated in 1857 with John Appling, mayor and F. W. Moor, H. T. Wilber, John Moore, Jesse Aydeletts. J. C. Ayres and W. L. Rice.
In 1879, by an act of the Legislature, a law court and a chancery court were estab- lished having exclusive jurisdiction over all cases arising in the Seventeenth Civil Dis- trict of Blount County. Permission is also given parties living in the First. Second and Nineteenth Districts to bring suits in this court when the matter in con- controversy is in those districts. The clerks and masters of the chancery court have been E. A. Warren and George T. Hammer, the present incumbent. The clerk of the law court is the deputy of the clerk of the circuit court of Sullivan County. The attorneys of Bristol are N. M. Taylor, W. D. Haynes, Charles R. Vance. B. G. McDowell, W. D. McCroskey. M. L. Blackley, James P. Rader and Hal. H. Haynes; those of Goodson are J. H. Wood, Col. A. Fulkerson, D. F. Bailey, W. F. Rhea, A. H. Blanchard, A. F. Miles, W. S. Hamilton, Samuel V. Fulkerson and W. T. Hudgens.
The officers of Sullivan County so far as could be determined have been as follows :
County Clerks-John Rhea. 1780-87; Matthew Rhea, 1787-1820; Richard Nether- land, 1820-32; G. W. Netherland, 1832-36: John C. Rutledge, 1836-44; Jacob T. Messick, 1844-48; Thomas P. Ford. 1848-52; John C. Rutledge, 1852-65: William C. Snapp, 1865-66; George L. Yates, 1866-67; N. B. Simpson, 1867-68; David Pence. 1868-10: J. P. Roder. 1870-74; A. J. Cox, 1574-82: Page Bullock, 1882-86; N. D. Bachman, 1886.
Sheriffs-Nathan Clark. 1780-85; Archibald Taylor. 1785-87; George Rutledge, 1787-92; William McCormick, 1792-94; John Scott, 1:94-96; Isaac Shelby, 1796-98; John Ander- son, 1798-1800; Francis H. Gaines, 1800-02: Thomas Shelby, 1802-04; Thomas Rock- hold, 1804-06: James Phagan, 1806-29; Thomas White, 1829-30; Jacob K. Snapp. 1530-36; Amos James. 1836-40; John B. Hamilton. 1840-44; M Massengill, 1844-46; John W. Cox, 1846-50; N. M. Hicks. 1850-54; R. L. Dulaney, 1854-58; A. Odell. 1858-60; A. G. Lowry, 1860-65; Henry Olinger, 1865-66: G. W.Sells, 1866-68; Thomas H. Easley, 1868-20: Nathan . Gregg, 1870-76; S. L. Miller, 1876-80; E. S. Worley, 1880-84; J. S. Gunning. 1884-86; G. W. Sells, 1886.
Registers-William Wallace, 1780; Stephen Major. 1789; W. C. Anderson, 1790; *
* F. Sturm, 1840-65; N. J. Phillips, 1865-66; F. Sturm, 1866-70; O. M. White, 18:0-78; John W. Farmer, 1878-56: E. D. Baumgardner. 1886.
Clerks of the circuit court-Thomas Shelby, 1810-20(?); William Anderson, 1820( 2)-36; John Irvin. 1836 -*; Samuel Evans, from death of Mr. Irvin to 1848; John Cox, 1915-59: John W. Cox. 1853-00: William James. 1860-64: Abraham Cox, 1864:65; J. O. B. Cloud. 1865-70; A. H. Bullock 1820-78; G. L. Clay. 1878-82; W. S. Anderson, 1882.
Clerks and masters- George F. Gammon. William Mullenix, 1865-70; N. J. Philips, 1870-82; William H. Fain, 1852-86; A. F. Martin, 1886.
*Died in office.
922
HISTORY OF TENNESSEE.
JOHNSON COUNTY.
TOHNSON COUNTY is the extreme eastern county of the State. It is bounded on the north by Virginia and on the cast and southeast by North Carolina. The area in acres is 249,600, or in square miles about 390. It is well watered by springs and streams. The Watauga River forms the dividing line between this county and Carter for a short distance, and receives the principal stream of the former, Roane Creek. The remaining streams of the county are Little Doe River, a tributary of Roane Creek, and Laurel Fork and Beaverdam Creek, which waters enter the Holston River. The surface of the coup- ty is usually broken. The Iron Mountain traverses it from northeast to southwest, and Stone Mountain marks the boundary of North Carolina. Doe Mountain lies wholly within the county, and extends a distance of about twelve miles. The most fertile lands lie along Little Doe, Roane Creek and the district known as Shady. The mineral resources are exceedingly valuable. This is especially true of iron ore, which exists in extensive beds, and for nearly a hundred years has been worked in a small way.
The first settlement in Johnson County is said to have been made about 1:70. on Roane Creek, near its confluence with the Watauga, by a man named Iloneyeut. Other settlements were made soon after farther up Roane Creek, and on Little Doe and the Laurel. Shady was also settled at a comparatively early day. Among the pioneers who had found homes in the territory now embraced in Johnson County prior to 1119, were Joseph Hoskins. George and Samuel Heatherby. Thomas, John and Charles Asher. Rich- ard and Benjamin Wilson, John and Heury Grimes. Joseph Gentry, John, Jesse and Josiah Hoskins and John Higgins. At that time the entire population of this section did not exceed 150. Among those who came during the next twenty years and located in Lit- tle Doe were Jacob Perkins, George Brown. George Crosswhite, Ed. Polly, Joseph Timp- kins and David Stout. Jacob Perkins died about 1820, leaving five sons: Joseph. Joshua, Amos, Jacob and John. The others all have a number of descendants in the county. Of the settlers on Roane Creek, during the period from 1718 to 1798 may be mentioned, Leonard Shown, John Barry, John Vaught, David Wagner, Jacob and Michael Slimip. Vaught had a mill and "still-house" which he left to his son, Joseph Vaught. Shown located at the cross roads, which has long borne his name. David Wagner lived east of Shown's Cross Roads. He was the father of Mathew, David H., Jacob and John Wag- ner. At a very early day Nathaniel Taylor erected iron works on Roane Creek. He afterward transferred them to his son, James P. Taylor, who sold them to David Wagner.
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