USA > Vermont > Records of the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont, Vol. V > Part 62
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Additional buildings, for work-shops, storehouses, barn, and offices, were subsequently erected; and in 1830-32 a new prison was constructed, for the solitary confinement of prisoners, at a cost to the State of $8,000. This building is one hundred and twelve feet in length by forty in width, of four stories, with thirty-four cells in each story-in all one hundred and thirty-six cells. The cells are in the centre of the building, with an open passage on all sides.4
In 1875-6, the work-shop was enlarged, the prison erected in 1809 en- tirely removed, and a new one erected, having regard to accommoda- tions for female prisoners. The cost of the addition to the work-shop was $2,100.SS, and of the new prison $11,083.30-total, $13,184.18.5
The management and government of the prison was originally vested in a board of visitors, who appointed the subordinate officers; subse- quently in a superintendent; then in a superintendent and warden; next in a superintendent elected by the legislature; and now is in three directors and a superintendent, who are elected by the legislature. A chaplain is provided for religious instruction; a library for the benefit of the prisoners; and a physician.
The following are the statistics of the prison to and including the year 1876, the last column covering excess both of expenditures and of in- come: "
1 Printed Assembly Journal of 1808, p. 130.
3 Printed Laws of 1809, pp. 3, 107.
8 Printed Assembly Journal of 1810, p. 192; and printed Laws of 1810, p. 169.
" Thompson's Vermont, Part II, p. 13S.
5 Vermont State Officers' Reports, 1875-6, State Prison Report, p. 5.
6 Same, pp. 18-20.
Appendix D.
471
STATISTICS OF THE PRISON, 1809 TO 1876 INCLUSIVE.
Income.
States.
Discharged.
Asylum.
Years.
Foreigners.
Natives of other
Age over 30 yrs.
Natives of Vt.
Age 15 to 21 yrs.
Sent'd for Life.
Exp'tures over
Age under 15 yrs
Term expired.
-
Sent to Insane
Escaped.
Age 21 to 30 yrs.
No. committed.
Population.
Pardoned.
Died.
6 2-3
2
13
9
4
19
1
$5,000 00
Average Term of
Year.
/ Total Number
1
1809
21
3
1810
217,895
27
4 3-4
4
1
6
5
8
14
4
20
5,000 00
27
3 3-4
8
8
12
7
5
18
4
5,000 00
1811
1812
5
8
15
23
4
17
5
4
20
2
5,000 00
1
1813
19
97.
4
10
11
23
3
8
8
6
12
5,000 ( 0
1814
23
5 1-2
9
8
13
8
10
5
3
17
3
5,000 00
1815
38
6 1-2
9
10
22
12
13
13
7
23
5,000 00
43
4 3-4
11
15
33
1
20
16
6
5
31
7
5,812 00
1816
1817
42
4 1-2
18
15
34
2
9
18
13
15
22
5
6,038 00
2
4,780 €0
1818
25
4 1-2
21
11
32
6
15
4
I
322
5 1-2
25
19
44
2
+25
16
4
30
9
1
5,220 00
1819
43
1820
235,966
41
5
23
8
1
1
33
4
27
11
10
23
5.000 00
6
1
34
S
10
9
6
IG
5
1
3,907 00
1821
27
5
13
8
25
4
3,8.90 00
1822
37
4 3-4
16
14
1
31
3
21
1823
25
5 1-2
12
15
1
28
4
12
9
5
15
5
3,255 CO
33
4 1-2
18
9
3
30
3
17
13
8
15
10
1
3,955 00
1824
17
13
6
17
14
1
2,970 00
1825
37
5 7-8
19
9
4
32
1
6
1826
49
5
2-
8
34
7
15
27
S
30
11
3,973 00
1827
26
3
1-3
23
8
31
6
6
14
4
12
10
1,957 00
3
1-2
18
8
4
30
1
6
8
16
17
9
5
1
2,030 00
1828
31
1829
28
3 1-2
26
14
40
7
1.2
9
9
14
5
2.202 00
1830
280,652
55
2 1-2
25
17
L
1
44
13
20
22
18
26
11
4,063 (0
1831
28
3
1-2
22
18
40
G
8
14
4
21
3
5.937 00
18.52
35
3
14
23
2
39
6
17
1.2
14
13
8
4,960 (0
1833
50
3 2-3
9
24
1
34
1
10
24
15
18
23
9
4.939 00
5,000 00
1831
37
3
18
26
1
1
40
1
9
15
12
16
10
1]
1835
49
3 1-4
8
33
2
43
1
14
18
15
19
23
7
4,337 00
3 1-4
28
36
2
5
11
14
8
11
12
4,223 00
1836
31
S
7
12
10
10
10
2,150 (0
1837
30
3
11
25
3
39
11
5,100 00
1838
31
2
1-2
10
35
1
46
1
8
12
10
G
14
11
34
2 1-2
10
30
40
I
12
10
11
13
8
13
1
2,060 00
1839
291,948
31
8
2.2
1
31
11
7
13
10
10
11
3,000 00
184 +
3
1841
37
6
27
33
11
18
8
18
8
1,000 00
27
3
2
32
1
6
8
8
9
4
10
14€ CO
=
1812
23
3 1-2
423
9
18
1
31
3
3
7
10
8
11
4
2.737 00
1843
3
30
2 1-4
11
16
1
28
6
8
16
13
8
9
1.867 00
1844
26
3 1-4
12
13
25
10
9
7
14
3
9
1,989 00
184,
1846
25
4 3-4
20
1.2
32
7
10
8
11
9
5
3,382 00
1847
16
4
8
18
3
20
1
G
6
3
3
5
3
6,972 00
1848
19
2 3-4
2,814 00
7
14
1
22
3
2
8
6
5
5
9
34
3 1-2
6
14
4
$24
2
8
12
12
9
9
16
3,000 00
1849
144 00
1850
314,120
38
3
8
10
1
19
8
11
11
7
15
18:1
35
3
5
14
1
20
10
10
15
13
7
15
422 00*
1852
21
4
9
22
2
1
31
2
6
6
7
8
3
10
435 00*
1853
32
3
8
2
33
1
8
12
11
13
9
10)
1,009 00
1854
22
2 3-4
5
20
4
29
2
7
8
5
6
8
8
851 00
35
15
14
1
30
13
7
15
9
1855
7
19
2
2,649 00
4
8
16
1
1.733 (0
1856
31
3 1-2
8
16
1
25
3
9
10
9
7
25
2 3-4
16
17
1
34
5
11
9
7
9
9
2,445 00
1857
35
6
18
27
2
11
10
12
11
15
9
1,433 00
1858
3
38
2 3-4
1,356 00
1859
9
22
2
1
34
1
15
12
10
19
10
9
1
1860
315,098
41
2 2-3
9
13
2
24
2
14
17
8
15
14
12
1
1,006 (0
1861
44
2 1-5
12
29
2
43
1
7
21
15
14
11
19
260 00*
1862
42
2 1-2
5
38
1
46
11
17
14
21
3
13
436 00
1863
22
2 1-2
6
37
43
7
7
8
6
8
8
2
1,639 00
1
18 :4
17
3 1-2
2,560 00
5
27
1
1
2
36
I
5
5
6
7
5
5
1865
31
2 7-8
4
13
17
2
7
11
11
11
7
13
6,438 00
21
1
32
1
25
9
20
10
18
7.308 00
1866
51
3
10
1
7,307 (0
1867
43
2
9
1
88
11
23
9
14
10
17
186%
29
2 1-2
3
36
67.
1
3
42
9
10
10
13
8
8
1
6,413 46
1869
42
3 1-2
8
29
2
2
37
15
15
12
16
18
8
1
6,297 13
1870
330,55I
44
3 1-3
8
26
5
39
12
10
19
8
17
1
5,397 53
1871
39
3 1-4
11
23
1
35
9
18
12
14
11
14
5,938 18
11
12
3,654 31*
1872
32
3 1-2
8
19
1
1
29
13
10
9
9
1873
223
2 1-2
7
33
1
42
4
12
7
11
4
1.018 76*
1874
35
3 3-4
1
2-2
2
25
10
1.2
13
18
8
9
1
2.331 38*
1875
50)
3 1-2
33
3
36
14
20
16
18
18
14
2,352 28*
1876
55
3 1-2
1
31
1
1
4
37
G
24
35
20
17
18
2,352,28*
2264
733 1287
16
27
88
2148 43
559 |
889 1 776
718
899
645
20
*Income.
Since 1866, juvenile offenders have been committed to the Vermont Reform School.
APPENDIX H.
BRITISH INTRIGUE IN NEW ENGLAND-1809.
THE EMBARGO IN VERMONT, AND THE CRAIG-HENRY CORRES- PONDENCE1-1808 TO 1812.
The embargo act of Congress of Dec. 22 1807 had comparatively little significance in Vermont until it had been supplemented by the act of March 12 1808, commonly called " the land embargo," which was pro- mulgated simultaneously with the opening of navigation on Lake Champlain. The first interfered mainly with commerce on the sea- board, but had turned the people of northern and northwestern Ver- mont to Canada as a market for their timber, and pot and pearl ashes, which were then the chief articles of export .? This market was inter- fered with by the " land embargo," and the distress of the people, and the zeal of the Federal politicians who made the most of their opportu- nity, excited great dissatisfaction with the national government, and alarmed its supporters in Vermont.
The Embargo Law which passed on the 12th of March last, commonly called the land embargo, was received by Jabez Penniman, the Collec- tor of Vermont District, on the first day of April. Mr. Penniman, on the same day, by the advice of Asa Aldis and C. P. Van Ness, Attor- neys at St. Albans, addressed a letter to Mr. Gallatin, Secretary of the Treasury, stating the impossibility of executing that law, without a mil- itary force.3
This statement evidently came from an opponent of the administra- tion, but it is substantially confirmed by the following official papers:
1 Commonly called the John Henry mission.
? Memorial to President Jefferson of a town-meeting in St. Albans, for which see Spooner's Vermont Journal of June 20 1808.
3 Vermont Centinel of Sept. 2 1808.
473
Appendix H.
President Jefferson to the Secretary of the Treasury.
APRIL 19, 1808.
Dear Sir,-Sincerely sympathizing in your distress, which much ex- perience in the same school has taught me to estimate, I could not have been induced to intrude on it by any thing short of the urgency of the case stated by Penniman of Lake Champlain. Messrs. Robinson and Witherall [Senator Jona. Robinson, and representative Witherell of Ver- mont] tell me the whole of the business will be over early in May, when the fall of the water renders the rapids [below St. Johns] impassable for rafts. They think vessels of any kind desired, can be had on the Lake at a moment's warning, and guns of 6 lbs. ball, there also, mounted on them by procurement of the collector, and that the governor [Israel Smith] would order any assistance of militia on being written to. Be- lieving it important to crush every example of forcible opposition to the law, I propose to ask the other gentlemen to a consultation immediately, and for their and my guide have to request any ideas on the subject which you can hastily give me on paper, for which I would not have troubled you, but from a confidence that your knowledge of the charac- ter and means possessed by the collector there, and of the local circum- stances to be attended to, may enable us to decide on what will be most proper and effectual. I salute you with affection. P. S. Return me Penniman's letter if you please, to lay before the gentlemen.
Same to same, of the same date.
We have concluded as follows: 1st. That a letter from your depart- ment to the Collector on Lake Champlain, shall instruct him to equip and arm what vessels he can and may think necessary, and luggage [engage] as many persons on board them as may be necessary, and can be engaged voluntarily, by force of arms, or other wise, to enforce the law.
2d. The Secretary of State writes to the Marshall, if the opposition to the law is too powerful for the collector, to raise his possee, (which, as a peace officer, he is fully authorized to do on any forcible breach of the peace,) and to aid in suppressing the insurrection or combination.
3d. The Secretary at War desires the Governor, if the posse is inad- equate, to publish a proclamation with which he is furnished, and to call on the militia. Ile is further, by a private letter, requested to repair to the place, and lend the aid of his counsel and authority according to ex- igencies.
We have further determined to build two gun-boats at Skanesborough, [Whitehall, N. Y.] Affectionate salutations. P. S. General Dear- borne has Penniman's letter to copy for the Governor.2
May 9 1808, the proclamation referred to was published in Spooner's Vermont Journal, (a paper selected for the official publication of the laws,) as follows:
By the President of the United States, A PROCLAMATION.
Whereas information has been received that sundry persons are com- bined or combining and confederating together on Lake Champlain and the country thereto adjacent, for the purposes of forming insurrections against the authority of the laws of the United States, for opposing the
A domestic affiiction.
2 Jefferson's Complete Works, Vol. 5, p. 271. Copied literally.
474
Appendix H.
same and obstructing their execution; and that such combinations are too powerful to be suppressed by the ordinary course of judicial pro- ceedings, or by the powers vested in the Marshals, by the laws of the United States:
Now therefore, to the end that the authority of the laws may be main- tained, and that those concerned, directly or indirectly, in any insurrec- tion against the same may be duly warned-I have issued this my PROC- LAMATION, hereby commanding such insurgents, and all concerned in such combinations, instantly and without delay to disperse themselves and retire peaceably to their respective abodes: And do hereby further require and command all officers having authority, civil or military, and others, civil or millitary, who shall be found within the vicinage of such insurrections, to be aiding and assisting by all the means in their power, by force of arms or otherwise, to quell and subdue such insurrection or combinations, to seize upon all those therein concerned, who shall not, instantly and without delay, disperse and retire to their respective abodes; and to deliver them over to the civil authority of the place, to be proceeded against according to law.
In testimony whereof, I have caused the Seal of the United States to be atfixed to these presents, and signed the same with my hand. Given at the city of Washington, the 10th of April 1808, and in the sover- eignty and independence of the United States the thirty-second.
TH: JEFFERSON.
By the President, JAMES MADISON, Sec'ry of State.
Nothing appears, in the public newspapers or official documents of that day, indicating any "insurrection " or " combinations " for crimin- ally opposing the laws, except indictments for treason, hereinafter no- ticed, which were not sustained; and daring and defiant smugglers, who have always and everywhere been found whenever the temptation was sufficient to invite the risks to be incurred in that nefarious business. Indeed, a regularly called town-meeting of the inhabitants of St. Albans, June 1808, adopted a memorial to President Jefferson, in which they emphatically denied the imputation of the proclamation, as follows:
Your memorialists positively and unequivocally declare that in their opinion, the conduct of the citizens of this district had furnished NO cause for such Proclamation; and that the same must have been issued in consequence of erroneous and unfounded representations, made and transmitted to the Exucutive department of the United States, by some evil minded person or persons. That if individuals, finding themselves and their families on the verge of ruin and wretchedness, have at- tempted to evade the embargo restrictions, and have actually accom- plished their purpose, this could never furnish a just cause for proclaim- ing to the world that insurrection and rebellion were chargeable on the good people of this district; and with confidence, your memorialists de- clare their belief, that nothing more than this had taken place.
[Signed] ASA FULLER, JOHN GATES, AZARIAH BROOKS, Selectmen. Attest. SETHI WETMORE, Clerk.1
Nevertheless the military power was invoked. May 5 1808, by order of Gov. Smith, Gen. Levi House ordered out a small detachment, from the first regiment of his brigade in Franklin county, who were stationed
1 Spooner's Vt. Journal of June 20 180S.
475
Appendix H.
at Windmill Point.1 It seems that the special purpose was to prevent several rafts from passing into Canada, and that, taking advantage of darkness and a strong and favorable wind, the rafts escaped previous to May 26.ª This seems to have raised a doubt of the efficiency of the Franklin County militia, and on the 31st of May a detachment of one hundred and fifty militia marched from Rutland County on the same service, and were shortly reinforced by a detachment of U. S. artillery; whereupon Gov. Smith was directed to discharge all but seventy-five of the militia,8 and the Franklin County men were discharged, to the great indignation of themselves and their brigade.' In October the Vermont militia seem to have been withdrawn and their places supplied by Uni- ted States troops.6
The resort to force by the government served on the one hand to in- crease the fervor of the Federal party and give them the victory at the ensuing election of state officers; and on the other stimulated the smug- glers to desperate and deadly resistance, such as would necessarily have called for the interposition of force. They met force by force repeatedly,
1 Spooner's Vermont Journal of May 23 and June 13 1808; and Weckly Wanderer of May 23 1808.
" Spooner's Vermont Journal of June 13 1808.
& Weekly Wanderer of June 13 and 27, and July 4 1808.
+ June 17 1SOS, a general convention of the commissioned officers ot the brigade assembled and adopted a spirited address to the public, in which they declared that the detachment had promptly obeyed orders and acquitted themselves with honor, though they could not command the winds and the waves, and that the ordering of the Rutland County militia to stations within the limits of the brigade was an " open, direct, and most degrading insult." July 30 1808, sundry citizens of Franklin County signed an address to the public, in reply to the foregoing, justi- fying Collector Penniman and the President, on the ground "that the constant and unceasing declarations of the lumber and potash merchants were, they would arm, and run their property at all events; that if Mr. Penniman attempted to enforce the laws, his life would be short; that if military aid should be called, and the troops should kill a person in attempting to enforce the laws, the inhabitants would immediately RISE and drive them from their stations. In short, it was openly de- clared, that the inhabitants on Lake Champlain would never submit to the enforcement of the embargo law." Evidently these were the threats of smugglers, and both addresses are of a strong partizan hue .- See Spooner's Vermont Journal of July 4 and Sept. 12 1808. For views, both of Gov. Tichenor and the Jeffersonians of the Legislature, as to the course of the President, and a compliment by the Governor to the Ver- mont militia, see ante, pp. 397-9.
" Spooner's Vermont Journal of Oct. 24 1808; and Vermont Centinel of Nov. 4 1SOS.
476
Appendix H.
but the most lamentable example occurred Aug. 3 180S. A party of twelve of the Vermont militia had captured a notorious smuggling ves- sel called the Black Snake, then moored in the Winooski river, and as they were taking it down the river to the lake, the smugglers repeatedly fired upon them, killing Ellis Drake of Clarendon, and Asa Marsh of Rutland, and wounding Lient. Daniel Farrington of Brandon, who com- manded the party. Just before the last gun was fired-a murderous wall-piece, charged with fifteen bullets, slugs and buck-shot-Capt. Jonathan Ormsby of Burlington joined the government party to aid in arresting the murderers, and was killed with Marsh. David D. John- son, sergeant commanding the remainder of the militia, immediately seized all of the smugglers except two, who escaped but were subse- quently arrested. A special term of the supreme court was held at Bur- lington, commencing on the 23d of August; on the 26th the grand jury returned true bills against Samuel I. Mott of Alburgh; William Noaks, Slocum Clark, and Truman Mudgett of Highgate; Cyrus B. Dean and Josiah Pease of Swanton; David Sheffield of Colchester, and Francis Ledgard of Milton. Sept. 1 Mott was convicted; on the 5th Dean, and on the 9th Sheffield. Dean was sentenced to death on Friday Oct. 28, but was respited by the legislature until Nov. 11, when he was executed. New trials were granted to Mott and Sheffield, both of whom, with Led- gard, were convicted of manslaughter at the January term, 1809.1 All three were sentenced to stand one hour in the pillory, be confined ten years in the state-prison, and pay costs of prosecution. In addition, Mott and Sheffield received fifty lashes. They were all pardoned by the governor: Ledgard, Nov. 12 1811 ; Sheffield, Nov. 4 1815; and Mott, Oct. 15 1817.2
Nov. 3 1808, the U. S. Circuit Court commenced a special session at Burlington, Brockholst Livingston and Elijah Paine judges, when Fred- erick, Job, and John Iloxie were tried for high treason, in levying war against the United States, but were speedily acquitted by the jury.3
Early in 1809, after the passage of the new embargo act of Jan. 9, the following circular was sent to Gov. Tichenor:
' The grand jury at this term published an address to the freemen of Chittenden County, in which they declared that, beyond the Black Snake affair, "in which strangers were principally the actors, we view with satisfaction and admiration, the loyalty and patience of our fellow citizens;" and " that the charges of Insurrection and Rebellion, lately exhibited against them, are vile aspersions against the honor and the dignity of this County."-See Vermont Centinel of Jan. 20 1809. It is hardly necessary to suggest that the jury did not favor the President's policy.
2 From a good account in Vt. Historical Magazine, Vol. II, pp. 342-347.
8 Vermont Centinel of Nov. 4 1808.
477
Appendix H.
Circular letter from the Secretary of War, to the Governors-prepared by Thomas Jefferson.
JANUARY 17, 1809.
Sir,-The pressure of the embargo, although sensibly felt by every description of our fellow citizens, has yet been cheerfully borne by most of them, under the conviction that it was a temporary evil, and a neces- sary one to save us from greater and more permanent evils,-the loss of property and surrender of rights. But it would have been more cheer- fully borne, but for the knowledge that, while honest men were relig- ously observing it, the unprincipled along our sea-coast and frontiers were fraudulently evading it; and that in some parts they had even dared to break through it openly, by an armed force too powerful to be opposed by the collector and his assistants. To put an end to this scan- dalous insurbordination to the laws, the Legislature has authorized the President to empower proper persons to employ militia, for preventing or suppressing armed or riotous assemblages of persons resisting the custom-house officers in the exercise of their duties, or opposing or vio- lating the embargo laws. He sincerely hopes that, during the short time these restrictions are expected to continue, no other instances will take place of a crime of so deep a die. But it is made his duty to take the measures necessary to meet it. He therefore requests you, as com- manding officer of the militia of your State to appoint some officer of the militia, of known respect for the laws, in or near to each port of entry within your State, with orders, when applied to by the collector of the district, to assemble immediately a sufficient force of his militia, and to employ them efficaciously to maintain the authority of the laws respect- ing the embargo, and that you notify to each collector the officer to whom, by your appointment, he is so to apply for aid when neccessary. He has referred this appointment to your Excellency, because your knowledge of characters, or means of obtaining it, will enable you to select one who can be most confided in to exercise so serious a power, with all the dis- cretion, the forbearance, the kindness even, which the enforcement of the law will possibly admit -- ever to bear in mind that the life of a citi- zen is never to be endangered, but as the last melancholy effort for the maintenance of order and obedience to the laws. 1
Feb. 6 1809, a legally warned town-meeting of the inhabitants of St. Al- bans unanimously adopted a series of resolutions strongly condemning the course of the national administration, and published an address on the subject.3 The sentiments expressed would be justly condemned, as approaching to the verge of treason, were it not evident that the real purpose was political. Other town-meetings of the same character were held, and these were followed by equally zealous meetings of the Jeffer- sonians: so that the temper of the people was hot, but no examples of re- sistance to the laws by force appear. At this period Gov. Tichenor vis- ited northern Vermont, doubtless in consequence of the President's cir- cular of Jan. 12, and it is safe to conjecture that he used the opportunity to advize political opposition to the national administration, instead of resistance to the laws by force.3 It was at this juncture, Jan. 26 1809,
1 Jefferson's Complete Works, Vol. 5, p. 413.
2 Vermont Centinel of Feb 17 1809.
8 See letter of A. B. [John Henry] No. 3, Feb. 14 1809, post.
478
Appendix H.
that Sir James Craig, Governor General of Canada, determined upon the mission of John Henry to the New England States, the details of which follow.
THE CRAIG-IIENRY CORRESPONDENCE .- 1809.1
MESSAGE From the President of the United States to Congress .- March 9, 1812.
I lay before Congress copies of certain documents which remain in the Department of State. They prove that, at a recent period, whilst the
1The chiefs in this correspondence were Gov. Craig and John Henry. Sir JAMES HENRY CRAIG was born at Gibralter in 1749, commissioned as ensign in the British army in 1763, and served in America in various positions from 1774 until 1781. He was in the battles of Lexington, Bunker's Hill, Hubbardton, and at Freeman's farm, and was severely wounded in all but the first named. He was made Lieut. General in 1801. "Appointed commander-in-chief of Canada in August 1807, he proved wholly unfit for a civil station. He saw in every opponent of his policy a disaffected rebel, seized liberal presses, suppressed opposition, and employed spies. IIe returned to England, June 19, 1811," and died Jan. 12, 1812 .- Drake's Dictionary of American Biography.
JOHN HENRY was a native of Ireland, "of one of the first families in that country, poor, because a younger brother." He came to Philadel- phia about 1794 as a steerage passenger. Possessing considerable liter- ary ability, he became editor of Brown's Philadelphia Gazette. Having become naturalized, he was appointed captain in the U. S. army in 1798, and for more than a year had command of Fort Jay, on Governor's Island, near New York City, and also at Newport R. I., where he quit- ted the service, settled upon a farm in Vermont, studied law for five years, and amused himself in writing violent articles against the then Jeffersonian administration. For awhile he edited the Post Boy at Windsor, in 1808, and it is probable that he went to Canada with Na- hum Mower, the publisher of that paper, late in that year, where he was employed on his mission to New England in Jan. 1809. Henry indeed stated that " his strictures in the public prints against republican gov- ernment attracted the attention of the British Government. Sir James Craig became desirous of my acquaintance. He invited me to Quebec, where I staid some time. Ilence I went to Montreal, where everything I had to fear, and all I had to hope, was disclosed to me." James Fisk, then member of Congress from Vermont, said Henry was " a man of gen- tlemanly deportment, and reputed good moral character;" and Sullivan, that "he was a handsome, well-behaved man, and was received in some respectable families in Boston." His services in the mission to New Eng-
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