USA > Arizona > Arizona business directory and gazetteer : containing the names and post-office addresses of all merchants, manufacturers and professional men in the territory of Arizona; territorial, county, city and town officers, 1881 > Part 1
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SOLDI
SONP.
COMMERCIAL
L NSURANCE O
NE.
200,000.00 365,410.37 750,334.09
Capitalist. veyor. ocqueraz & McKee,
lliott & Son. erson, Merchants. R.
R. R. bequeraz & McKee, alist.
nia Street,
C
E, President.
W. F. HOLDEN, AGENT, Prescott, Arizona. · Phoenix, Maricopa Co., Arizona.
ES, AGENT,
W. A. SCOTT, Jr., AGENT, Tucson, Arizona.
M. B. CLAPP, AGENT,
Tombstone, Cachise Co., Arizona.
CHAS. W. HILL, AGENT, Tempe, Maricopa Co., Arizona.
JOSIAH CHAMPION, AGENT, Pinal, Pinal Co., Arizona.
Capita Assets Losse
SITAT
SIG
F
ORNIENSIS
LVX
AT
W. W. D SELDEJ FRANK CHARL O. TUR: A. W. J PETER JOHN ] C. J. D LEVI S chai CHARI chaı
MI
EX LIBRIS
BANCROFT LIBRARY
The Arizona Telephone Co.
HEAD OFFICE, TUCSON, A. T.
EXCLUSIVE AGENCY WITH Pacific Bell Telephone Company - FOR -
BELL TELEPHONES AND BLAKE TRANSMITTERS.
Will Furnish Estimates, Build and Equip Lines of Any Length.
Correspondence solicited with MINING COMPANIES desiring INSTANT COMMUNICATION BETWEEN THEIR MINES AND MILLS, and all others desiring Telephone lines.
Constantly on Hand, Material Requisite to Fill any Contract.
DR. C. H. LORD, JAS. H. TOOLE,
GEO. H. BOWKER,
PRESIDENT. VICE-PRESIDENT. SUPERINTENDENT.
PORTER'S HOTEL, ASA A, PORTER, Proprietor,
- LOCATED AT THE
TUCSON, A. T.
The proprietor baving leased this new, commodious, and well ventilated house, and handsomely furnished it throughout, is now prepared to entertain guests in first-class style at all times.
It is the Meal Station of the S. P. R. R. Co. at Tucson. A good hot breakfast and supper are ready on arrival of trains. The best the market affords is always to be found at this house,
EXCELLENT WINES, LIQUORS, AND CIGARS.
Board Furnished by the Day, Week, or Month, WITH OR WITHOUT ROOMS.
PRUDENT BUSINESS MEN
Who desire the
GREATEST VALUE FOR THEIR
MONEY,
Will secure this result by sending orders for
PRINTING
PAPER RULINGXe
AND.
-
BOOK BINDING
-TO-
BACON & COMPANY
508 Clay Street,
509 Sansome Street,
.....
"SAN FRANCISCO, CAL .:
The Reputation acquired by this Office, through a career of 28 years on this Coast, for Promptness and Skill in filling orders entrusted to them, is second to that of no other Establishment in America.
ARIZONA BUSINESS DIRECTORY AND
GAZETTEER;
CONTAINING THE
Names and Post-Office Addresses of all Mer- chants, Manufacturers and Professional Men in the Territory of Arizona;
TERRITORIAL, COUNTY, CITY AND TOWN OFFICERS.
A DESCRIPTION OF THE DIFFERENT MINING DISTRICTS AND THE NAMES OF MINING SUPERINTENDENTS.
ALSO, A
GAZETTEER 'OF THE COUNTIES, CITIES AND TOWNS,
Giving a full exhibit of their Mineral, Agricultural and Manufacturing Resources.
WITH AN APPENDIX,
CONTAINING THE NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF WHOLESALE MERCHANTS AND MANUFACTURERS IN THE CITY OF SAN FRANCISCO.
W. C. DISTURNELL, COMPILER AND PUBLISHER, 534 California Street, San Francisco, Cal. BACON & COMPANY, PRINTERS. 188I.
F809
· A
1881
X
m/f 4/12/85
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1881, BY W. C. DISTURNELL, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, Washington, D. C.
Banc dt Library
PREFACE.
The compiler presents this work to the public with a feeling of confidence that a perusal of its pages will convince his patrons, and others interested in its contents, that no efforts have been spared to make it complete and reliable. In an entirely new field, such as is embraced in this volume, there are diffi- culties to contend with, not encountered in older portions of the Union. Among others, the want of reliable sources from which to obtain information needed, particularly in isolated and sparsely-settled sections, and also the indifference manifested by some to furnish information applied for; which, in view of the great benefit works of this character are to new countries, by making known to the world their resources, and thereby accelerating immi- gration, ought to be given with alacrity. With proper efforts, however, these obstacles can, to a certain extent, be overcome ; and the compiler believes that he has so far succeeded as to be able to present a work which, for completeness and accuracy, will compare favorably with those of a similar character pub- lished in other sections of the Union.
In conclusion, he would express his obligations to all who assisted him while engaged in collecting the necessary data and compiling the work : especially to Major Ben C. Truman, for the use of valuable information gathered during his travels in Arizona, and other courtesies extended ; to the editors of the various journals throughout the Territory, for many favors and the interest manifested by them in the success of the enterprise ; and to Myron Angel, Esq., of San Francisco, for important contributions. His thanks are also due to the numerous patrons of the work, for their liberal support ; to John Wasson, Esq., Surveyor-General, and C. P. Dake, Esq., U. S. Marshal, for official data ; and to Messrs. Bacon & Co., the printers of the volume, for its neat typographical appearance.
INDEX TO CONTENTS.
PAGE
ADVERTISING INDEX
7
Hualapai
44
TOPOGRAPHY AND RESOURCES OF ARI-
ZONA ..
9
La Paz.
45
Historical Sketch.
9
Magazine
45
Mountains, and Timber Lands
11
Martinez
46
Rivers
14
Maynard.
46
Valleys
15
McMillen.
46
Climate.
16
Mineral Creek 46
47
Pastoral Resources. 18
23
MINING DISTRICTS.
30
Oro Blanco 48
Pajarito
48
Palmetto
49
Arivaca
31
Aubrey
31
Peck ..
51
Big Bug. 32
Bill Williams Fork. 32
Black Cañon
33
Black Hills.
33
Bloodsucker
33
Bradshaw
34
Cachise
34
California
34
Casa Grande.
35
Castle Dome
35
Cave Creek.
35
Cedar Valley.
36
Cherry Creek.
36
Chiricahua.
36
Clifton.
36
Dos Cabezas. 37
El Capitan 37
Empire
38
Eureka.
38
Globe
38
Gold Camp. 40
Gold Mountain. 41
Green Valley. 41.
Greenwood
42
Harcuvar. 42
Harshaw
42
Hassayampa.
42
Helvetia
43
Horse Shoe Basin.
43
Huachuca Mountains
43
Warren.
68
Washington Camp.
69
Weaver, (Yavapai Co.) 69
Weaver, (Yuma Co.). 70
RUINS OF TUMACACORI MISSION. 70
MINING SUPERINTENDENTS 71
QUARTZ MILLS
75
COUNTIES AND COUNTY OFFICERS.
76
Apache
76
53
Saddle Mountain.
54
San Francisco.
54
San Pedro ..
55
Santa Rita Placers 55
Silver
55
Silver Bell. 56
Silver Mountain 57
Swisshelm
57
The Sierritas.
58
Tiger.
58
Tombstone 59
Trinity.
64
Tonto Basin 65
Tumacacori.
65
Turkey Creek
65
Turquoise 66
Tyndall.
66
Vulture Mine 66
Walker
67
Walnut Grove
67
PAGE
Agricultural Resources 18
Moor
Myers.
47
Mineral Resources.
Old Hat.
47
Agua Fria.
30
Ajo Mines 30
Patagonia
49
Aztec .. 32 Pioneer 51
Poorman's
Humbug
44
5
INDEX TO CONTENTS.
PAGE
Cachise 78
Gila 80
.
Maricopa
82
Mohave
85
Castle Creek 128
Castle Dome Landing. 128
Catalina 128
Cerbat. 128
Charleston 129
Charming Dale. 130
Chino
130
Chiricahua City 130
Clifton. 130
Contention 130
Cottonwood Spring 131
Davidson's Spring. 131
Dos Cabezas.
131
Drew's Station. 131
Dripping Spring. 131
Dudleyville. 131
Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fé. .109
Utah and Arizona. .
109
Prescott and Thirty-Fifth Parallel. . 109
Maricopa, Phoenix and Prescott. .. 109
Pinal and Pichaco.
109
Yuma and Port Ysabel
110
PAINTED ROCKS .
110
TIME SCHEDULE SOUTHERN PACIFIC
R. R. 111
TIME SCHEDULE ATCHISON, TOPEKA
AND SANTA FE R. R. 113
STAGE ROUTES
115
BULLION SHIPMENTS.
117
POPULATION OF ARIZONA.
118
FEDERAL AND TERRITORIAL OFFICERS. 119
REGISTER OF TOWNS AND BUSINESS MEN.
123
Agua Caliente 123
Agua Fria. 1.23
Agua Fria Valley
123
Alamo Station
123
Alexandra.
123
American Ranch 123
Antelope Creek Station 123
Antelope Station 123
Antelope Valley.
124
Anvil Rock.
124
Apache Pass 124
Arivaca.
124
Aubrey.
124
Bed Rock 124
Benson 124
Big Bug
125
Bisbee.
125
Bradshaw 126
Brigham City.
126
Bumble Bee
126
Calabasas 127
PAGE
Camp Huachuca.
127
Camp Thomas
127
Graham
81
Camp Verde. 127
Casa Grande.
128
Pima
86
Pinal .
88
Yavapai 90
Yuma
92
INDIAN RESERVATIONS
94
Colorado
94
Navajo
94
Papago .
95
Pima and Maricopa.
95
San Carlos
96
ANCIENT RUINS
97
ARIZONA-HOW IT DERIVED ITS NAME. 102 RAILROADS 103
Southern Pacific.
104
Atlantic and Pacific.
107
Dunbar Station 131
East Phoenix 131
Ehrenberg 131
Emery City
132
Empire .
132
Eureka Spring
132
Flagstaff
132
Florence . 132
Fort Apache.
135
Fort Bowie.
135
Fort Grant.
135
Fort Lowell .
135
Fort McDowell
135
Fort Mohave.
135
Fort Verde. 135
Fort Whipple
136
Galeyville
136
Gila Bend
137
Gillette
137
Globe .
137
Granite Peak 142
Greaterville 142
Hackberry
142
Hardyville.
142
Harshaw .
142
Hassayampa.
144
Hayden's Ferry
144
Hereford.
144
Iron Springs
144
Junction
144
La Noria
144
Lee's Ferry 144
Little Giant 144
Luttrell
144
Maricopa.
145
Marysville.
145
Maxey .
145
McDowell
145
.
6
INDEX TO CONTENTS.
PAGE
McMillen
145
Mesaville
146
Millville.
146
Mineral Park
146
Mohave City.
147
Montezuma.,
147
Moore's Station.
147
Mountain Station.
147
New River Station.
147
Norton's Landing.
147
Nugget.
147
Oro Blanco
147
Overton.
148
Pacific City
148
Pajarito ..
148
Palace Station
148
Pantano.
148
Parker
148
Pelton.
148
Phœnix
148
Pichaco
154
Pima Agency
155
Pima Station
155
Pinal
155
Pinal Ranch.
158
Pine Springs.
158
Polhamus
158
Prescott.
158
Queen City
165
Reno
165
Richmond
165
Riverside.
165
Sacoton
166
Safford
,166
Saint Joseph.
166
San Carlos
166
San Simon.
I67
· San Xavier Del Bac.
167
Seymour
168
Signal
169
Silent
169
Silver King.
169
Skull Valley
169
Snowflake. 169
Solomonville. 169
Springerville. 170
St. John 170
Stanton
170
Summit Station 170
Sunset.
170
Sweet Water 170
Taylor
170
Tempe. 170
Tip Top
171
Tombstone
171
Tonto Basin
183
Tres Alamos 183
Tubac
184
Tucson
184
Vulture
197-
Walker.
197
Walnut Grove. 197
197
Watervale.
198
Wheatfield
198
Whipple Barracks.
198
Wickenburg
198
Willcox ..
198
Williamson's Valley
199
Yuma
199
ARIZONA CLASSIFIED BUSINESS DI-
RECTORY.
. . 203
ARIZONA ADVERTISING DEPARTMENT .. 235 SAN FRANCISCO CLASSIFIED BUSINESS DIRECTORY . 259
SAN FRANCISCO ADVERTISING DEPART-
MENT.
305
4
PAGE
Washington
-
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS.
ARIZONA.
PAGE
PAGE
Ainsa Santiago
235
Joyner F. O.
243
Allis Solon M.
236
Kellner E. F.
249
Antelope Copper Mining Co.
244
Kellner E. F. & Co.
249
Arizona Citizen
239
Kerens & Griffith
257
Arizona Democrat.
247
Kirwagen & Sines
245
Arizona Gazette
253
Levy D. & Co.
248
Arizona Journal.
238
Lewis Charles G
254
Arizona Mail and Stage Line.
74
Lord & Williams Co. . margin of volume
Luke & Thalheimer
252
Arizona Miner
248
Marcovich Peter.
240
Arizona Telephone Co .... front of title
Arizona Weekly Enterprise.
.255
McArthur J. M.
243
Bank of Arizona.
.246
Bashford L. & Co.
.margin of volume
Bayer & Schwarz.
239
Bilicke C.
back cover
Blinn L. W. & Co.
240
Bonine E. A.
.256
Brown G. E.
252
Buehman H. & Co.
236
Porter A. A.
front of title
Prescott Mining Co.
244
Protopsaltis A. & C.
238
Reynolds George
253
Chillson L. D.
235
Rickard W. T.
241
Colton E. F.
237
Dougherty J. W
246
Robinson Lewis.
250
Safford, Hudson & Co
.front cover
Eaton & Bailey.
250
Shull John T.
.248
Evans & Co ..
236
Silver King and Globe Saddle Train. 121
Farrington R. E. & Co.
256
Freyer Jere.
256
Ganz E.
.front cover
Gilmer, Salisbury & Co's Stage Line.258
Goodman A ..
235
Groff Charles F
236
Gruber Jacob
237
Harris T. S.
242
Heitzelman P.
241
Hereford & Zabriskie.
205
Herrera F. & Co.
242
Herrick & Lutgerding.
252
Hooper Wm. B. & Co. margin of volume
Howe H. G.
.240
Howe Rosa Mrs
.251
Hutchinson W. T.
.254
Irvine E. & Co .
margin of volume
Israel Salomon
241
Sparrow F. A.
239
Spicer Wells
241
Stwart J. W.
243
Swasey G. A.
250
Sweetland B. R. & Co
236
Tombstone Academy
242
Tombstone - Foundry and Machine
Shop
242
Townsend Bros.
237
Tucson Painting Co.
237
Van Wagenen G. S.
251
Westmeyer F. W.
251
White Hugh & Co.
.234
Williams A. P.
245 .
Wright & Bucksbaum
239
Yorba J. F
235
255
McNelly W. T.
249
Mercer T. Lillie
243
Pascoe J. H.
249
Patch J. B.
242
Pearson R. C.
237
Pinal Brewery.
251
Buffum W. M.
246
Burns Frank H.
.238
Campbell J. G.
245
Roberts & Ryder.
252
Southern Pacific Mail and Stage
Line .
257
Duval C. J.
240
Arizona Stage Co.
122
Mayr & Miltenberg.
238
Mclellan T. H.
8
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS.
SAN FRANCISCO, ETC.
PAGE
Adams & Carter
317
Albion Brewery
.back cover
Anderson C. L.
260
Automatic Sewing Machine
297
Bacon & Co.
front of title
Barber C. J. & E. T.
.306
Bay Soap and Candle Co.
317
Bergstrom John.
292
Boesch Emile.
326
Braverman Louis & Co.
285
Burkardt Max.
294
California Bellows Manuf. Co.
262
California Electrical Works
275
Carolan, Cory & Co.
306
Cerf J. & Co.
273
Clabrough & Golcher
280
Commercial Ins. Co., inside front cover
Cook A. O.
282
Cook H. N.
263
Crocker H. S. & Co.
322
Degen L. P.
321
Denniston E. G.
316
Dewey & Co
293
Dixon & Bernstein
298
Doe Charles F.
307
Domestic Sewing Machine Co.front cover
Du Rose F. F.
261
Egerton Henry C.
324
Ettinger S. .
317
Fulton Iron Works
170
Garratt W. T
311
Ghirardelli & Danzel. . margin of volume
Giant Powder Co
295
Giller C. L. .
275
Gladding, McBean & Co.
316
Golden State and Miners'
Iron .
Works
284 and 307
Granz H
278
Gump S. & G.
.294
Hall Charles R
294
Harmon S. H.
288
Harris, James & Co
323
Hicks D. & Co
.front cover
Hill Samuel. .
.. 304 and back cover
Hinckley, Spiers & Hayes
170
Hodge Robert
269
Hofmann Bros
324
Hotel Del Monte (Monterey ) 318 and 319
Huntington F. A.
305
Jackson & Truman
315
Jansen Alexander
301
Jesse & Drew
299
Johnston W. D.
260
Juillerat A. E.
291
Jung J. C. .
321
Keogh John.
262
PAGE
Klemm Charles
262
Kuhling A.
301
Kuner A.
275
Kunze O. E.
321
Levy John & Co. 310
Linforth, Rice & Co. . inside back cover
Long S. H. .
294
Luckhardt C. A. & Co
260
Lyons E. G. & Co.
.309
Meussdorffer M.
.308
Morris H. D.
305
Morrow & Strong.
311
Nathan B. & Co.
30S
Ohmen W.H.
310
Orrick O. S.
292 and 293
Osborne D. M. & Co.
259
Owens John B.
306
Pacific Business College ..
.front cover
Pacific Iron Works.
326
Pacific Saw Manufacturing Co
315
Parke & Lacy.
.315
Pendergast, Smith & Co
313
Peterson L.
321
Plate A. J. & Co
296
Preston & Mckinnon
.311
Price Thomas.
260
Randolph & Co.
308
Rankin, Brayton & Co.
326
Renton, Holmes & Co
312
Risdon Iron and Locomotive Works.171
Russell E. F. & Co.
.314
Schmidt M. & Co ..
..
.265, 288 and 304
Schmolz William.
.300
Shepman W. E.
312
Simpson A. M. & Bro.
288
Smith Francis & Co ..
297
Southern Pacific R. R. Co
325
Spring Menzo.
309
Standard Soap Co.
298
Strahle Jacob & Co.
263
Taber, Harker & Co
280
Teubner & Hoffman.
314
The J. M. Brunswick & Balke Co .. margin of volume
Tubbs & Co.
310
Turner, Kennedy & Shaw
.313
Tustin W. I.
320
Upstone John.
310
Wagner Joseph & Co.
307
Weed & Kingwell.
314
Wheeler C. Gilbert (Chicago).
inside back cover
White James F
.312
Wigmore John. .
309
Willcox & Gibbs S. M. Co.
...
.297
Williams J. B. (Oakland) .. 297 and 313
Gundlach J & Co.
303
Stein C. W.
324
LORD & WILLIAMS CO., Tucson, A. T., MILL SUPPLIES.
ARIZONA :
Its Topography, Climate, and Resources.
Arizona is bounded on the north by Utah and a small portion of Nevada, on the east by New Mexico, on the south by the Mex- ican Republic, and on the west by the State's of California and Nevada. It extends from one hundred and nine degrees to one hundred and fourteen degrees and twenty-five minutes west lon- gitude, and from thirty-one degrees and thirty-seven minutes to thirty-seven degrees north latitude, being about three hundred and twenty-five miles square. The estimated area is 111,950 square miles, or about 72,000,000 acres.
Since the conquest of Mexico by the Spaniards, the Territory of Arizona has been claimed first by Spain, and then by Mexico, till recent events gave it to the Great Republic. As early as 1540 an expedition was sent by the Viceroy of Spain to examine and take possession of the country. That expedition found the Ter- ritory inhabited by Indian races of great difference in character. A portion of them lived in towns, built houses of stone or dried brick, cultivated the soil, and constructed irrigating canals, which required considerable engineering skill. Ruins were found by the first explorers, which indicated that at some previous time a still higher state of civilization had. existed. The large quantity of broken earthenware found at wide distances strewn over the country, the mounds of the Salt River Valley which appear to be remains of buildings similar to Casa Grande, the extensive ruins on the San Pedro, Rio Verde, Colorado Chiquito, and other places, are generally believed to be the remains of a people who existed here before any of the present Indian races. However that may be, it is certain that the Spanish found here the Papagoes, the Moquis, Zunis, and other pueblo Indians, who tilled the soil, and followed other pursuits in which only people of considerable civ- ilization occupy themselves. They also found savage tribes like the Apaches and Navahoes, who were constantly making raids upon the peaceful natives, and who for a period of over three hundred years kept up an incessant warfare with the whites who settled in the Territory. In 1848, by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, all the Territory north of the Gila River then forming a
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ARIZONA.
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part of New Mexico was ceded to the United States. The Territory between the Gila and the present Mexican boundary was acquired in 1853 through the Gadsden Purchase. It might be questioned whether we should not have purchased the Territory from the Apache chief, Cachise, as he had perhaps the best title. These Indians had at this time succeeded in driving the Mexicans out of the country, only one place remaining in their possession- Tucson, a hamlet or mission of two or three hundred inhabitants. The United States Boundary Commission commenced its work in 1850, and its valuable reports furnish our first reliable informa- tion of the country north of the Gila. This was followed by a Pacific Railroad survey on parallel thirty-two. Several other ex- plorations and surveys were executed within a few years. To protect these surveys, the government had stationed in various places a considerable number of troops, who had, to some extent, checked the Apaches. In 1857 a line of stages was started be- tween San Antonio and San Diego. In 1858 the service on this line was made semi-weekly, and it received six hundred thousand dollars per year from the government for carrying the mail. The time from San Francisco to St. Louis was twenty-two days.
The Great Rebellion broke out in 1861, and up to this time slow but sure progress had been making in the Territory. Sev- eral new mining camps had been established, and some American machinery introduced. The rebellion checked and destroyed all this improvement. The Federal troops who were not taken pris- oners by Texan rebels abandoned the country. The stage line was discontinued. The citizens and traders, managers and work- men of the various mines all hurried to leave the Territory. The Apaches fell upon them along the highways and murdered many. The gambrinos from Sonora rushed in and plundered the mines, and broke the machinery. In 1863 Cachise, the Apache chief, boasted that he had conquered the Americans. On the 24th of February, 1863, Congress passed the act forming the Territory of Arizona. The Territory then segregated from New Mexico was about 126,000 square miles During the year 1866 an area em- bracing 12,225 square miles of the northwestern portion, was by an act of Congress, given to the State of Nevada. In 1864 the Territorial Government was located at Prescott, and constituted as follows: Governor, John N. Goodwin; Secretary, R. C. McCormick; Chief Justice, W. F. Turner; Associate Justices, William T. Howell and Joseph A. Allyn ; District Attorney, Al- mon Gage ; Surveyor-General, Levi Bashford ; Marshal, Milton P. Duffield ; Superintendent of Indian Affairs, Charles D. Poston. The population at this time, exclusive of Indians, was only 600, but soon commenced to steadily increase, notwithstanding the unsettled condition of affairs arising out of struggles with Mexi- can gambrinos or mine robbers, and with the savages whom two years of success had rendered bold and defiant. Soon after the
The J. M. Brunswick & Balke Co.
BILLIARD TABLE § 653 & 655 Market St. MANUFACTURERS, ? San Francisco.
LORD & WILLIAMS CO., Tucson, A. T., General Merchandise.
TOPOGRAPHY, CLIMATE, AND RESOURCES.
11
organization of the Territory, Gen. O. O. Howard was appointed special Indian Commissioner, and General Crook was given com- mand of the troops sent against the savages. ' He defeated the Apaches and Hualapais in several actions, and brought Cachise to terms. All the savage tribes were then placed on reservations where they are now kept under control, and no further trouble from them is anticipated. In 1872 the white population had in- creased to 10,743. From 1857 to 1861 many gold and silver mines had been discovered in the central portion of the Territory, the fame of which, now that affairs had become settled, began to attract prospectors from different sections, and the discovery of the Silver King, Stonewall Jackson, and other wonderfully rich mines in 1875, gave a still greater impetus to mining opera- tions. The discovery of the Tombstone mines followed in 1877. In 1880 the Southern Pacific Railroad reached Tucson from the west, and in March, 1881, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fé Railroad from the east formed a junction with the Southern Pacific at Deming, New Mexico, thus affording easy access from the Atlantic and Pacific States to this far-off and hitherto isolated section. The completion of these roads has resulted in a great increase of immigration, bringing capital and labor to assist in the development of the vast mineral resources of the Territory. The opportunities which mining countries offer for the immedi- ate use of capital, and the rapid accumulation of wealth, are much greater than those of agricultural districts, and the brilliant op- portunities here offered to those seeking investments in mining properties will no doubt be eagerly embraced, and thus quicken the slower process of creating capital. We may, therefore, now confidently hope for a rapid advancement like California and Colorado. All classes of immigrants will be attracted to this section, for here is an immense empty Territory offering homes and competence to a million inhabitants. Arizona has a good code of laws, which provides for an economical and efficient ad- ministration of the government, and a liberal system of common schools. The United States census, taken in June, 1880, gives a white population of 40,441. The increase since then has been considerable, probably not less than 10,000, so that we may now, in June, 1881, safely estimate the population at 50,000, exclusive of Indians.
MOUNTAINS AND TIMBER LANDS.
The Rocky Mountains on the east, and the Sierra Nevada Mountains on the west, seem to unite as they pass through Ari- zona and form the Cordilleras of Mexico. Extending from the northern boundary, and traversing the Territory in a southeast- erly direction to its southern boundary, is a belt composed of a succession of short ranges of mountains known by distinctive names, from some of which rise peaks having an altitude of over
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ARIZONA.
10,000 feet above the level of the sea. This belt of mountain and table lands is about 150 miles in width, and embraces within its limits what may be called the mineral region of Arizona. Among the most noted of these ranges are the Santa Rita; Patagonia, Peloncillo, Huachuca, Chiricahua, Mule Pass, Dragoon, Whet- stone, and Santa Catalina, in the southeast; the White Mountains in the east; the Pinal, Apache, Mazatzal, Mogollon, and San Francisco ranges in the middle and northern portions of the Ter- ritory ; and the Hualapais, Peacock, and Cerbat ranges in the northwest. While many of the mountain ranges in Arizona are but sparsely covered with timber, there are others where may be found a heavy growth of pine, cedar, etc. In the northeastern portion of Yavapai County, just south of the Colorado River, is situated what is known as the Colorado Forest, comprising a large area which is covered with an excellent quality of white and yel- low pine suitable for lumber. Oak and mountain mahogany are also found in this section, the latter frequently growing to the height of thirty feet, and two feet in diameter at the base. This wood is very hard and fine-grained, and well suited for cabinet purposes. Cedar, juniper, wild cherry, and ash are also found here as well as in most of the forests in Yavapai. The Coconino Forest consists of many detached bodies of the same kind of timber, covering a large area in the northern part of Yavapai County, south of Marble Canon on the Colorado River. The great Black Forest covers all the ranges which lie between the various branches of Cataract Creek. This forest consists of pine and spruce, and most of the hard woods common to the temper- ate zone.
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