USA > California > The history of Oregon and California & the other territories of the northwest coast of North America > Part 53
USA > Oregon > The history of Oregon and California & the other territories of the northwest coast of North America > Part 53
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53
ARTICLE 1. All the provisions of the third article of the convention concluded between the United States of America and his majesty the king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, on the 20th of October, 1818, shall be, and they are hereby, further indefinitely extended and continued in force, in the same manner as if all the provisions of the said article were herein specifically recited.
ART. 2. It shall be competent, however, to either of the contracting parties, in case either should think fit, at any time after the 20th of Octo- ber, 1828, on giving due notice of twelve months to the other contracting party, to annul and abrogate this convention ; and it shall, in such case, be accordingly entirely annulled and abrogated, after the expiration of the said term of notice.
ART. 3. Nothing contained in this convention, or in the third article of the convention of the 20th October, 1818, hereby continued in force, shall be construed to impair, or in any manner affect, the claims which either of the contracting parties may have to any part of the country west- ward of the Stony or Rocky Mountains.
1
GENERAL INDEX.
GENERAL INDEX.
A.
ADAMS, John Q., United States minister at St. Petersburg, correspondence with the Russian government respecting American traders on the north-west coast, 275. Secretary of state of the United States; negotiations with Spain on the southern and western limits of the United States, 316. Correspond- ence with the Russian minister at Washington on the ukase of 1821, 332. Instructions to Mr. Rush, United States minister at London, on claims of the United States, in 1823, 340. President of the United States ; message recommending the adoption of measures respecting Oregon, 344.
Aguilar, Martin de, voyage and supposed discovery of a great river on the north- west coast, 92.
Alarcon, Hernando, voyage up the Cali- fornian Gulf and the Colorado River, 60. Aleutian Islands described, 41. Discov- ered, 135.
Aliaska described, 41. Discovered, 132. America. This name first given to Brazil in 1508. Never used by Spanish govern- ment and historians until recently, 48. Anian, Strait of, said to have been dis- covered by Cortereal, probably the same now called Hudson's Strait, 47. Voy- ages in search of it, 78. See Urdaneta, Ladrillero, Maldonado, Fonté, Vizcaino. Archer, William S., his speech in the Senate of the United States on the bill for the occupation of Oregon, 378, 386, 388.
Arteaga, Ignacio, voyage, 125.
Ashley, William H., conducts trading expeditions from St. Louis to the Rocky Mountain regions, 357.
Astoria established, 296. Described, 299 -313. Ceded to North-West Compa- ny, 303. Taken by British, 304. Re- stored to the United States, 309. Burnt, 313. See Pacific Fur Company.
Atlantis, Island, placed by Bacon on the north-west coast, 97.
-
B.
Baranof, Alexander, governor of Russian America, his character, 271. Founds Sitka, 270. His mode of conducting negotiations, 302. Seizes part of Cali- fornia, 327. Attempts to seize one of the Sandwich Islands, 328.
Becerra, Diego, voyage from Mexico by order of Cortés, 54.
Benton, Thomas H., his speech in the Senate of the United States on the bill for the occupation of Oregon, 380.
Benyowsky, Augustus, a Polish exile in Kamtchatka, performs the first voyage from that country to Canton, 138.
Bering, Alexander, first voyage from Kamtchatka to the Arctic Sea, 129. Second voyage, 129. Third and last voyage, 130. Reaches the American continent, 131. Shipwreck and death, 133.
Bering's Strait discovered, 129. Described, 41.
Berkeley, Captain, rediscovers the Strait of Fuca ; murder of part of his crew off Destruction Island, 171.
Berrien, John M., his speech in the Senate of the United States on the bill for the occupation of Oregon, 385.
Billings, Joseph, engaged by the empress of Russia to explore the North Pacific, 162. His voyage produces no valuable results, 221.
Bodega y Quadra, Juan Francisco de, first voyage, under Heceta, from Mexico, along the north-west coast, 117. Impor- tance of his discoveries, 123. Second voyage, under Arteaga, 125. (See Mau- relle.) Commissioner to treat with Van- couver at Nootka, 231. (See Nootka Convention.) Letter to Captains Gray and Ingraham, 242, 443. Death, 255. Brobdignag, placed by Swift on the north- west coast, near Columbia River, 97.
Broughton, William, sent by Vancouver to survey the lower part of the Co- lumbia River, 247. Unfairness to the Americans, 248. Sent to England, 249.
476
GENERAL INDEX.
Commands an exploring expedition in the North Pacific, 256. Finds Nootka Sound deserted, 257.
Bulfinch's Harbor discovered by Captain Gray, of Boston, 235. Examined by Vancouver's lieutenant, Whidbey, 246. Described, 24.
C.
Caamano, Jacinto, voyage in the North- West Archipelago, 241.
Cabeza-Vaca, Alvaro Nuñez, journey from Florida to the Californian Gulf, 57. Cabot, John, and Sebastian, voyages, 47. Cabrillo, Juan Rodriguez, exploring voy- age from Mexico, and death, 64.
Calhoun, John C., his speech in the Sen- ate of the United States on the bill for the occupation of Oregon, 381.
California, origin of the name unknown, 55.
California, Peninsula of, described, 10. Discovered; fruitless attempts of the Spaniards to settle, 90, 98. Jesuits engage to civilize the inhabitants, 99. Their partial success, 100. Their His- tory of California, 101. Expulsion of the Jesuits, 106.
California, Continental, or New, described, 12. Discovered, 58. Settled by the Spaniards, 109. Claimed by Mexico, 317. Attempted insurrection in, 367. Recent events in, 368.
California, Gulf of, described, 9. Dis- covered, 54. Examined by Ulloa, 58; and by Alarcon, 60.
Carver, Jonathan, travels in the central regions of North America, 141. Pre- tended discovery of a river called Ore- gon, flowing into the Pacific, 142. His accounts chiefly derived from old French travellers, 144.
Cavendish, Thomas, voyage around the world ; takes and burns a Spanish ship near the coast of California, 77.
Cermenon, Sebastian, wrecked on the coast of California, 68.
Choate, Rufus, his speech in the Senate of the United States on the bill for the oc- cupation of Oregon, 385.
Cibola, a country or city north-west of Mexico, discovered by Friar Marcos de Niza, 59. Supposed position, 62. Ex- pedition of Vazquez de Coronado to conquer it, 61.
Clarke. Sec Lewis and Clarke.
Clarke River discovered, 286. Described, 21.
Colnett, James, engaged by Meares to command the Argonaut, 189. Made prisoner by the Spaniards at Nootka, and sent to Mexico, 195. Liberated by order of the viceroy of Mexico, 200.
Columbia, American trading ship, fitted out at Boston, 179. Sails under Ken-
drick to the North Pacific, 180. Puts into Juan Fernandez in distress, 181. Reaches Nootka Sound, 181. Sails for Canton and the United States, under Captain Gray, 200. Second voyage under Gray, 229. Winters at Clyo- quot, 230. Discovery of the Columbia River, 235. See Gray and Vancouver. Columbia River, (called, also, Oregon,) described, 21. Mouth seen by the Span- ish commander Heceta, 120. Meares seeks for it in vain, and denies its ex- istence, 177. Mouth seen by the Amer- ican Captain Gray, 181. Gray first en- ters the river, 236. Lower part explored by the British Lieutenant Broughton, 247, who unfairly pretends to have dis- covered it, 248. Head-waters discov- ered by Lewis and Clarke, who trace the river thence to the sea, 285. British plenipotentiaries claim the discovery for Meares, 178.
Convention of 1790, between Great Brit- ain and Spain, see Nootka Convention. Of 1818, between Great Britain and the United States, concluded, 315, 467. Re- newed in 1827 for an indefinite period, 354. Reflections on, 389. Of 1824, between the United States and Russia, concluded, 341, 468. Virtually abro- gated by Russia, 342.
Cook, James, undertakes a voyage of discovery in the North Pacific; his in- structions, 147. Discovers the Sand- wich Islands, 150. Reaches Nootka Sound, 151. Passes through Bering's Straits, 156. Killed at the Sandwich Islands, 157. Importance of liis dis- coveries, 158. Knew no particulars of the recent Spanish voyages, 149; though he knew that such voyages had been made, 152.
Coronado, Francisco Vazquez, expedition from Mexico, to conquer the rich coun- tries supposed to lie farther north-west, 61.
Cortereal, Gaspar, discovers Labrador ; Strait of Anian said to have been found by him, leading from the At- Jantic north-west to the Pacific, 47.
Cortés, Hernando, conquers Mexico, and proposes to explore the coasts of that country, 50. Expeditions made by his order on the Pacific, 53. Leads an expedition into California, 55. Super- seded in the government of Mexico, to which country he returns, 56. Claims the right to make conquests in America ; returns to Spain, and dies, 60.
D
Dixon, George, voyage in the North Pa- cific, 169. Dispute with Meares, 218. Douglas, William, master of the Iphige- nia; voyage under Meares to the North
477
GENERAL INDEX.
Pacific, 172. Taken prisoner by the Spaniards at Nootka, 191. Released, 192.
Drake, Francis, voyage around the world, 72. Arrives in the North Pacific, and lands on the American coast, 73. Re- ceives from the natives the crown of the country, which he calls New Albi- on, and returns to England, 74. Re- view of accounts of his voyage in the North Pacific, 75. Part of the coast probably seen by him, 76.
Duffin, Robert, mate of Meares's vessel, enters the Strait of Fuca, 176. Testi- mony respecting events at Nootka, 244.
F.
Falkland Islands, dispute between Great Britain and Spain respecting them, 111. Lord Palmerston's letter to the minister of Buenos Ayres on the sub- ject of their occupation by Great Brit- ain, 111-313.
Fidalgo, Salvador, voyage of, 220.
Fleurieu, Clairet de, his Introduction to the Journal of Marchand's voyage, 223. Admits the discovery of the Washing- ton or North Marquesas Islands by Ingraham, 228.
Florida, the name applied originally by the Spaniards to the whole eastern side of America, north of the Mexican Gulf, 55. Expeditions through it un- der Narvaez, 57, and Soto, 65. Ceded to the United States, 316.
Fonte, Admiral, supposed voyage, in the North Pacific, by a person so named, 84.
Forsyth, John, secretary of state of the United States, instructions respecting the meaning of the convention with Russia, 362. Endeavors to procure in- formation respecting the north-west coast, 376.
Fox, Charles J., his speech in Parliament on the Nootka convention, 211.
Fuca, Juan de, voyage in the North Pacific, and supposed discovery of a new passage leading to the Atlantic, 87, 407.
Fuca, Strait of, described, 24. Discovered by Juan de Fuca, 87. Search for it by Heceta, 119. By Cook, 150. Found by Berkeley, 171. Rediscovery claimed by Meares, 175. Entered by Gray, 199, 234. Kendrick passes through it, 200, 217. Surveyed by Vancouver, and Ga- liano, and Valdes, 238.
Furs and fur trade, general account, 411. See Russian American Company, Hud- son's Bay Company, and North-West Company.
G.
Gallatin, Albert, minister plenipotentiary of the United States at London ; ne- gotiations at London, 314, 344. Coun- ter statement respecting the claims of the United States, presented by him to British commissioners, 347.
Gali, Francisco, his voyage, 68.
Galiano and Valdes, their voyage through the Strait of Fuca, 240. Journal pub- lished by the Spanish government; Introduction to that Journal reviewed, 241.
Gray, Robert, first voyage to the North Pacific, in command of the trading sloop Washington, from Boston, 180. Sees an opening supposed to be the mouth of the Columbia River, 181. First exam- ines the east coast of Washington's or Queen Charlotte's Island, 199. Enters the Strait of Fuca, 200. Returns to Boston in the ship Columbia, 200. Second voyage to the North Pacific, in the Columbia, 226, 229. Meets Van- couver near the entrance of the Strait of Fuca, and makes known his discovery of the mouth of a great river, 233. Dis- covers Bulfinch's Harbor, 235. Enters the great river, which he names the Columbia, 236. Makes known his dis- covery to the Spanish commandant at Nootka, 237. Letter of Gray and In- graham to the Spanish commandant, respecting the occurrences at Nootka in 1789, 242, 413. Returns to the Unit- ed States, 237.
H.
Harmon, D. W., important evidence afforded by him respecting the first trading posts established by the British west of the Rocky Mountains, 291.
Hawaii. See Owyhee.
Hearne, Samuel, discoveries in the territo- ry west of Hudson's Bay, 145. Reaches the Arctic Sea, at the mouth of Cop- permine River, 146.
Heceta, Bruno, voyage along the north- west coast of America, in 1775, 117. Discovers a river, called by him Rio de San Roque, now called the Columbia, 120.
Henderson, John, speech in the Senate of the United States on the bill for the occupation of Oregon, 382.
Howel, account of the negotiation at Nootka between Vancouver and Qua- dra, 245.
Hudson, Henry, discovers Hudson's Bay, 97.
Hudson's Bay Company established by charter, 97. Efforts to discover
478
GENERAL INDEX.
north-west passage, 141. Disputes with the North-West Company, 260, 324. Union of these two companies, 326. Receives a grant of exclusive trade in the Indian territories, 326. General view of its system and establishments, 392. Papers relating to it, 455.
Hudson's Strait, probably the same called by the Portuguese the Strait of Anian,47. Hunt, Wilson P., chief agent of the Pa- cific Fur Company, 295. His negotia- tions with Governor Baranof at Sitka, 302.
Huntingdon, Jabez W., speech in the Senate of the United States on the bill for the occupation of Oregon, 382.
I.
Ingraham, Joseph, mate of the ship Co- lumbia, in her first voyage from Boston to the north-west coast, 180. Returns to the Pacific as master of the brig Hope, and discovers the Washing- ton or North Marquesas Islands, 226. At the Sandwich Islands, 227. At Queen Charlotte's Island, 227. At Ma- cao, where he meets Marchand, and communicates his discovery of the Washington Islands, the priority of which is admitted by Marchand and Fleurieu, 228. At Nootka, where he writes a letter, signed by himself and Gray, respecting the proceedings at that place in 1789, 242. Copy of that letter, 414. Unfair synopsis of it by Vancouver, 244. His journal, 231. His deatlı, 237.
J.
Jesuits undertake the reduction of Cali- fornia, 99. Their system and establish- ments, 100. Their History of Califor- nia, 101. Expelled from the Spanish dominions, 106. Results of their labors in California, 107.
Jesup, Thomas S., quartermaster-general of the United States; report on the best means of oeeupying Oregon, 336. Effeet of that report on the negotia- tions in Europe, 337.
Jewitt, J. R., his captivity among the In- dians at Nootka, 263.
K.
Kamtchatka described, 42. Conquered by the Cossacks, 128. Its position on the Pacific ascertained, 199.
Kendrick, John, commands the first trad- ing expedition from the United States to the North Pacific, 179. Arrives at
Nootka, 181. Sails in the sloop Wash ington through the Strait of Fuca, 200, 217. The first who engaged in the transportation of sandal-wood from the Sandwich Islands to Canton, 228. His purchases of lands from the Indians at Nootka ; accidentally killed, 229.
Kodiak Island, 40. Settlement on it by the Russians, 161.
Krenitzin and Levaschef, voyage of, 137. Krusenstern, A. J. von, commands a
Russian exploring expedition to the Pacific, 272. His great merit as a navi- gator ; his journal of the expedition ; efficient in the reform of abuses in Russian America, 274
L.
Ladrillero, Juan, an old Spanish pilot, who pretended to have made a northern voyage from the Atlantic to the Pacific, 79.
Ledyard, John, corporal of marines in Cook's expedition, 149. Escapes from a British ship, off the coast of Connecti- cut, 162. Endeavors to obtain means to engage in the fur trade; attempts to go by land from Paris to Kamt- chatka ; ; arrested at Irkutsk, and forced to return ; attempts to discover the source of the Nile, and dies at Cairo, 163.
Lewis, Meriwether, and John Clarke, commissioned by President Jefferson to explore the Missouri and Columbia countries, 284. Voyage up the Mis- souri to its sources ; passage through the Rocky Mountains, 285. Descend the Columbia to the Pacific; winter at the mouth of the Columbia, 226. Return to the United States, 287. Gen- eral results of their expedition ; their Journal written by Lewis ; melancholy death of Lewis, 288.
Lewis, or Snake, or Sahaptin River, principal southern branch of' the Co- lumbia, discovered by Lewisand Clarke, 2-7. Described, 22.
Linn, Lewis F., his bill and speeches in the Senate of the United States on the occupation of Oregon, 379, 387.
Louisiana, settled by the French ; grant- ed by Louis XIV. to Crozat, 227 ; and afterwards to Law, 228. Ceded by France to Spain ; retroceded by Spain to France, and sold by France to the United States, 279. Its extent at dif- ferent times, 220. Comprehended no territory west of the Rocky Mountains, 2-3. Northern boundary not deter- mined by commissaries agreeably to the treaty of Utrecht, as generally sup- posed, 281, 436.
479
GENERAL INDEX.
M.
.
MacDougal, Duncan, partner in the Pa- cific Company, 294. Sells the estab- lishments to the North-West Company, 303. See Astoria.
MacDuffie, George, speech in the Senate of the United States on the bill for the occupation of Oregon, 383.
Mackenzie, Alexander, explores the north- western parts of America; reaches the Arctic Sea, 263. Reaches the Pacific, 264. Mackenzie River discovered by Mackenzie, 263.
MacRoberts, Samuel, speech in the Senate of the United States on the bill for the occupation of Oregon, 382.
Magellan, Fernando, sails from the Atlan- tic through Magellan's Strait into the Pacific, and across the latter ocean to India, 48.
Malaspina, Alexandro, explores the coasts near Mount St. Elias, in search of a passage supposed to communicate with the Atlantic; arrested and imprisoned on his return to Spain; his name not mentioned in the account of his voyage officially published at Madrid, 222.
Maldonado, Lorenzo Ferrer de, account of his pretended voyage from the At- lantic to the Pacific, 79.
Maquinna, chief of Nootka, 167. Grants land to Meares for his temporary use, 174. Denies that the British had bought lands or erected buildings at Nootka, 242. Takes the ship Boston, of Boston, and murders nearly all her crew, 268. Marchand, Etienne, commands the ship Solide, from Marseilles, in her voyage around the world, 223. Sees the islands which had been previously discovered by Ingraham, of which he sent an ac- count to France, claiming the discovery. Ingraham's claim admitted by Fleu- rieu, the editor of Marchand's Journal ; Journal of Marchand's voyage, edited by Fleurieu; general character of the work, 223. See Fleurieu.
Marcos de Niza, a Franciscan friar, pre- tends to have discovered a rich and populous country, called Cibola, north- west of Mexico, 59.
Marquesas Islands, discovered by Menda- na, 95. North Marquesas or Washing- ton Islands, discovered by Ingraham, 226. These islands occupied by the French, 374.
Martinez, Estevan, pilot to Perez, in the Santiago; pretends to have rediscovered the Strait of Fuca, 116. Commands in a voyage of observation to the coasts occupied by the Russians, 185. Or- dered by the viceroy of Mexico to oc- cupy Nootka Sound, 187. Arrives at Nootka, 191. Seizes the Iphigenia,
but afterwards releases her, 192. Seizes the North-West America, 194. Seizes the Argonaut, and imprisons her cap- tain, 195. Seizes the Princess Royal, 198. Reflections on these acts, 197. Returns to Mexico, 198.
Maurelle, Antonio, pilot, under Bodega, in his voyages along the north-west coasts, 117-125. His Journal of the first of these voyages, translated and printed at London, 117. Importance of this work, 123. His Journal of the other voyage, 125.
Meares, John, his first voyage to the north-west coast, 166. His second voy- age, under the Portuguese flag, with the Felice and Iphigenia, 172. In- structed to take any vessels which may attempt to molest him, but not in- structed to form any establishment or purchase lands, 173. Reasons for his sailing under the Portuguese flag, 174. Arrives in the Felice at Nootka, where he obtains from Maquinna the use of a piece of ground, afterwards claimed by him as purchased, 174. Receives from Berkeley an account of the rediscovery of the Strait of Fuca, by the latter, 171. Yet claims the merit of the rediscovery himself, 175. Seeks in vain for the great River San Roque, (the Columbia,) as laid down on Spanish charts, 176. Declares that no such river exists, 177. Yet the British government claims the discovery of the Columbia for him, 178, 440. His account of the arrival of the sloop Washington at Nootka, 181. Re- turns to China, 180. Sent to London, to complain of the seizure of the vessels at Nootka, by the Spaniards, 202. His memorial to the British government, 203. Its numerous falsehoods and in- consistencies, 172, 175, 178, 193, 211. Mendocino, Cape, 18. Discovered, 65.
Mendoza, Antonio de, sent as viceroy to supersede Cortés in the government of Mexico, 56. Attempts to discover new countries in America, 57.
Mendoza, Diego Hurtado, commands the ships sent by Cortés to explore the Pa- cific coasts of America, 53.
Metcalf, voyage of, fires on the natives at Mowee, 224. Young Metcalf and his crew murdered by the natives of Owyhee, 225.
Moncachtabé, an Indian, his account of a great river, flowing from the central parts of North America to the Pacific, 145. Monroe, James, secretary of state of the
United States, declares to the British minister the intention of his govern- ment to secure the possession of the mouth of the Columbia, agreeably to the treaty of Ghent, 307. President of the United States ; his message, de-
480
GENERAL INDEX.
claring the American continents not subject to colonization by European nations, 335.
Monterey discovered by Cabrillo, and so named by Vizcaino, 92. Colony es- tablished there by the Spaniards, 109. Taken by a Buenos Ayrean privateer, 365. Taken by an American squad- ron, under Captain Jones, 367.
Morehead, James T., speech in the Sen- ate of the United States on the bill for the occupation of Oregon, 381.
N.
Navarrete, Martin F. de, chief of the Hy- drographical Department at Madrid ; his labors with regard to the history of ear- ly voyages of discovery in America, 84. Nootka Sound discovered by the Span- iards under Perez, and called Port San Lorenzo, 113. Cook enters it with his ships, and calls it King George's Sound, 153. The principal rendezvous of the fur trader for some time, 167. Proceedings of Meares at Nootka, 174. The Spaniards determine to occupy it, 187. Proceedings of the Spaniards under Martinez, 191. Claims of the British to the possession of the country examined, 242, 256. The Spaniards abandon it, 257. Capture of the ship Boston by the natives, and murder of her crew, 268.
Nootka treaty, or convention of 1790, between Great Britain and Spain, 450. Discussions which led to it, 202-209. (See Meares.) Review of its stipula- tions, 213, 258. Expired in 1796, 258, 318. Not to be regarded as a definitive settlement of principles, 340. Its con- tinual subsistence asserted by Great Britain, 349.
North-West Fur Trading Company of Montreal founded ; its system, 261. First posts established by it west of the Rocky Mountains, 291. Purchases the establishments of the Pacific Company, 304. Disputes with the Hudson's Bay Company, 323. Union of the two com- panies, 325.
O.
Oregon, river, so called by Carver, sup- posed to flow from the central parts of North America to the Pacific, 142. (See Carver.) Name applied to the country drained by the Columbia, 359. De- scription of Oregon, 20.
Ossinobia, name given by Lord Selkirk to the country purchased by him on the Red River, 324.
Owyhee, or Hawaii, the largest of the Sandwich Islands, discovered by Cook, 157.
P.
Perez, Juan, voyage from Mexico along the north-west coast to the 54th degree of latitude, 114. Discovers Nootka Sound, called by him Port San Loren- zo, 116, 153.
Pérouse, Francois G. de la, voyage along a part of the north-west coast, 163.
Phelps, Samuel S., his speech in the Senate of the United States on the bill for the occupation of Oregon, 381.
Philippine Islands conquered by the Spaniards, 67.
Poletica, Chevalier de, Russian minister in the United States; correspondence with the American government respect- ing the ukase of 1821, 332.
Promuschleniks, general name for the Russians employed in the service of the Russian American Trading Company, 270.
Quadra and Vancouver's Island, 31, 240. Quadra. See Bodega.
Queen Charlotte's or Washington's Is- land, discovered by Perez, 115. Not seen by Cook, 153, 170. Seen by La Pérouse, 164; and by Dixon, who gave it its present name, 164. Its west coast first explored by Gray, who names it Washington's Island, 199. Described, 37.
Queen Charlotte's Sound, name first giver to the northern entrance of the Strait of Fuca, 240.
R.
Rives, William C., his speech in the Sen- ate of the United States on the bill for the occupation of Oregon, 384.
Rocky Mountains described, 3. Firs called the Shining Mountains, or Moun tains of Bright Stones, 143, 262.
Rush, Richard, minister plenipotentiary of the United States at London ; discus sion with Lord Castlereagh respecting the restoration of Astoria, 308. Hi: first negotiation respecting the claims of the United States, 314. Concluder a convention on the subject in 1818 315. His second negotiation on the subject, 336. Talent and industry dis played by him, 340.
Russia, government proposes an arrange ment with the United States respectin. the trade of American vessels in th North Pacific, 275. Forbids foreig
481
GENERAL INDEX.
vessels from trading in the North Pa- cific, 332. (See Ukase.) Convention with the United States, 342. Treaty with Great Britain, 343. Convention with the United States virtually abro- gated by that treaty, 343. Refuses to renew the fourth article of the conven- tion with the United States, 362.
Russian American Company established by charter, 269. Its territories, 38. Its system, 270. Abuses in the admin- istration of its possessions, 271. Many abuses removed, 274. Renewal of its charter ; great improvement in its sys- tem, 364. Leases a part of its terri- tories to the Hudson's Bay Company, 364.
Russians conquer Northern Asia, 127. Their discoveries in the North Pacific, 131, et seq.
S.
San Diego, 15. Discovered by Vizcaino, 92. The first Spanish colony on the west coast of California planted there, 109. San Francisco Bay, 17. The northern- most spot on the west coast of America occupied by the Spaniards previous to May, 1789, 248.
San Lucas, Cape, the southern extremity of California, 10.
San Roque, river so called by the Span- iards, the same now called the Colum- bia, discovered, 120.
Sandwich Islands described, 374. Dis- covered by Cook, 157. Frequented by the Fur Traders, 168. Capture of the schooner Fair American by the na- tives, 225. Pretended cession of Owy- hee to Great Britain by Tamahamaha, 251. Tamahamaha sovereign of the whole group, 268. Death of Tama- hamaha, 229. Christianity introduced into the islands, 330. Proceedings of the American missionaries; language of the islands, 369. Expulsion of the Catholic missionaries, and their rein- statement, 371. The British occupy the islands temporarily, 373. Diminution of the native population, 374. See Cook, Tamahamaha, Metcalf, Vancou- ver, Ingraham.
Santa Barbara Islands, 15. Discovered by Cabrillo, 64.
Schelikof, Gregory, establishes Russian colonies on the coasts and islands of America, 161. The founder of the Russian American Company, 269.
Sevier, Ambrose, speech in the Senate of the United States on the bill for the occupation of Oregon, 380.
Sitka, or New Archangel, capital of Rus- sian America, 40. Founded by Ba- ranof, 270.
Snake River. See Lewis River.
South Pass in the Rocky Mountains, 36. Discovered by Ashley, 357.
Sutil and Mexicana, voyage of, 239, 241. See Galiano and Valdes.
T.
Tamahamaha, a chief of note in Owyhee, 168. King of Owyhee, 249. Pretend- ed cession of the sovereignty of his island to the British, 251. Acquires the dominion over all the islands, 268. His acuteness in trade, 269, 296. His death and character, 329.
Tchirikof, Alexei, voyages of, 129, 130, 133. Sce Bering.
Treaty of partition between Spain and Portugal in 1494, 46. Of Saragossa, between the same powers, in 1529, 49. The American treaty between Spain and England, in 1670, 102. Treaty of Utrecht, between Great Britain and France, in 1713, 140. No line of bound- ary between the possessions of those powers settled by that treaty, 140, 281, 436. Family Compact, in 1762, be- tween France and Spain, 103. Dis- solved, 207. Treaty of Versailles, be- tween England, France, Spain, and Portugal, in 1763, 102, 278. Nootka treaty, of 1790, between Great Britain and Spain, 209, 258, 318, 466. Treaty of 1800, by which Spain ceded Louis- iana to France, 276, 279. Treaty of 1803, by which France ceded Louis- jana to the United States, 276, 279. Treaty of Ghent, in 1814, between the United States and Great Britain, 306. Florida treaty between the United States and Spain, in 1819, 316, 468. Treaty between Great Britain and Rus- sia, in 1825, 342, 469. Treaty between the United States and Great Britain, settling boundaries east of the Lake of the Woods, 377. See Conventions.
Tyler, John, president of the United States; message respecting the Sand- wich Islands, 372. Message respecting Oregon, 377.
U.
Ukase of the Russian government, pro- hibiting vessels of other nations from frequenting the North Pacific coasts, 322. Correspondence respecting it, be- tween the secretary of state of the United States and the Russian plenipo- tentiary, at Washington, 333. Protest of the British government against it, 335. Ulloa, Francisco, voyage through the Gulf of California and along the west coast, 58.
61
482
GENERAL INDEX.
Ulloa, Antonio, secret information afford- ed by him to the Spanish government, respecting the state of the Spanish provinces in South America, in 1740, 105.
Unalashka Island, 40. Visited by Cook, 155, who there first meets with Rus- sians, 156.
United States, first voyages of their citi- zens to the Pacific and to China, 179. First voyages to the north-west coast. of America, 180. Their citizens alone can occupy Oregon, 403.
Urdaneta, Andres de, discovers the mode of crossing the Pacific from west to east, 67. Supposed to have discovered a northern passage between the Atlan- tic and Pacific, 78.
Utah Salt Lake, 20.
V.
Vancouver, George, sails from England on an exploring voyage to the Pacific, and as commissioner on the part of Great Britain to receive the lands and buildings to be restored by Spain, agreeably to the Nootka convention, 217. Reaches the north-west coast of America, 232. Declares that no river or harbor of consequence is to be found between the 40th and the 48th degree of latitude, 233. Meets Gray, and receives from him an account of the discovery of a great river, 232, which he disbelieves, 233. Enters the" Strait of Fuca ; explores Admiralty In- let, and takes possession of the whole surrounding territory, 238. Remarks on this act; meets Galiano and Val- des, and continues the survey of the strait, 239. Passes through the strait, and arrives at Nootka, 240. Claims the discovery of the Washington or North Marquesas Islands for Hergest, though he knew them to have been first seen by the Americans, 242. Ne- gotiations with the Spanish commis- sioner Quadra, 242. Claims the whole territory around Nootka for Great Brit- ain, 243. His unfair synopsis of the letter of Gray and Ingraham, 244, 417. Receives accounts and charts of Gray's
discoveries from Quadra; sends Brough- ton to examine Columbia River, 247. At the Sandwich Islands, executes per- sons falsely charged with t' e murder of his officers, 249. Examines a large portion of the north-west coasts, and returns to the Sandwich Islands, 250. Pretended cession of Owyhee to him for his sovereign, 251. Circumstances connected with that affair, 252. Re- turns to the north-west coast, of which he completes the survey, 254. Names given by him to places, 255. Returns to England ; his death; great value of his journal; his hatred of Ameri- cans, and constant injustice towards them, 256.
Vizcaino, Sebastian, exploring voyage along the north-west coast, 91. De- sires to found colonies on those coasts, 94. Death, 95.
W.
Washington's or Queen Charlotte's Is- land, east coast first explored by Gray, 199.
Washington or North Marquesas Islands, discovered by Ingraham, 226. Discov- ery claimed by Marchand, who, how- ever, admits the priority of Ingraham's claim, 228. Discovery claimed by Van- couver for Hergest, 242. Occupied by the French, 374.
Webster, Daniel, secretary of state of the United States, concludes a treaty with Lord Ashburton, settling the boundaries east of the Lake of the Woods, 377.
Whidbey surveys Bulfinch's Harbor, 246. Wiccanish, king of Nittinat, 167.
Wilkes, Charles, his voyage of explora- tion in the Pacific, 376.
Willamet, river and valley, 26. First settlements of citizens of the United States there, 361.
Woodbury, Levi, speech in the Senate of the United States on the bill for the occupation of Oregon, 381.
Wyeth, Nathaniel, endeavors to establish trading posts on the Columbia, 359. Great value of his accounts of Oregon, 360.
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.