USA > Hawaii > Honolulu: sketches of life, social, political, and religious, in the Hawaiian Islands from 1828 to 1861 > Part 17
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During the nine months preceding the provisional cession of the islands to Great Britain, we had so far arranged the finances as to have regular books of accounts, a regular sys- tem of receiving the taxes in produce, and converting them into money ; we had paid the most pressing debts, and had cash enough in the chest to establish a pretty good credit for the Government. My salary was seven hundred and fifty dollars per annum.
The French frigate Ambuscade, Capt. Mallet, arrived at Honolulu, making similar demands to those of La Place, with an intent, so far as I could judge, of taking possession of the islands. I was not yet appointed as Secretary of State, and as the demands were made against the King; I could only meet them by writing the King's letters in reply.
No one can tell how much I suffered of anxiety and men- tal labor on this occasion, but the result was that Capt. Mal- let consented to refer all these matters to France, when the Hawaiian Government would be represented by Messrs. Rich- ards and Haalilio.
The British Consul, fearing the influence of Mr. Richards in London, had taken his departure for England in the most secret manner, leaving the Consulate with Alexander Simp- son, an avowed advocate of the annexation of these islands to Great Britain, and a personal enemy of Governor Kekua- nasa and myself; and as this unacceptable person had been thrust upon us in such an unceremonious manner, the Gov- ernor, by my advice, refused to acknowledge him, and they refused an exequatur.
The Carysfort, Lord George Paulet, arrived in February, with instructions from the Admiral to place himself under
* November 2, 1843.
244
Appendix I.
the direction of the Consul. He acknowledged Mr. Simpson as such, and in obedience to his orders, the most unjust, ex- travagant and cruel demands were made and enforced at the cannon's mouth. Some of these demands were acquiesced in, but when they became so outrageous, with new ones com- ing forward every day, the King declared he would bear it no longer. "They might take what they pleased, he would give no more." I said : "They want your islands, and are deter- mined to have them by cession or by conquest. If they take possession by force, you will have no redress ; they will keep your islands forever, but if you cede to Lord George Paulet for the time being, and refer to Great Britain as umpire, the justice of your cause can be made so clear that you are sure to receive back your sovereignty in due time."
The King and chiefs considered this, and I was directed to make the proposal to Lord George. He referred to Mr. Simpson, who gladly accepted the cession upon my own terms.
Intimations of what was going on getting abroad, the French and American Consuls conceived the idea of advis- ing the King to cede his islands to the United States and France until Great Britain should do us justice.
This I opposed, although all the men of influence and wealth were in favor of the project. They petitioned the King, offered him a deed of cession to sign; but Kameha- meha III. in this, as in every instance that has come to my knowledge, stood by me and supported my policy.
After the restoration by Admiral Thomas, during which I had a sharp contest in mitigating the terms, until the Admiral said he would not restore the flag unless they were accepted, I set about in earnest to carry into operation my plan for the permanency of the Government, which I had already made known to the King. It was to unite the foreign with the na- tive element as subjects and as officers of Government. Mr. Paty had already been appointed Collector of Customs.
245
Honolulu.
A lawyer was needed. I had requested Mr. Richards to send one from either the United States or England by the earliest opportunity, but circumstances were urgent, and hearing of the arrival of one from Oregon,* I engaged him on my own responsibility until the Council could be assembled. The chiefs made great objection to the employment of another foreigner, objected to his pay, etc. ; and it was only upon my personal guarantee for his conduct and character, and prom- ise to find the means of paying him without embarrassment to other branches of the Government, that I gained my point. He was commissioned, and with his free consent, placed under my control. I was now Secretary of Foreign Affairs, besides having the responsibility of the Treasury and matters in general. The effort to induce foreigners to take the oath of allegiance, the imposition of the five per cent. duty, the license system, together with the firm and bold stand taken by Mr. Ricord, made me many enemies out of old friends, who did not like to see affairs taking such a direction.
The sentiment among the foreign community had obtained considerable permanence that they were not long to be sub- ject to native rule. The French and English favored the idea, exempting their subjects from trial except by a jury of their own countrymen. Efforts were made to oust me. A petition was presented to the King by the American Com- missioner,t signed by a majority of the citizens of that Repub- lic, for my removal. The King appointed a Commission to hear the case; they reported, no cause of complaint, and I resigned my place of Secretary of State in favor of Mr. Wyl- lie. Mr. Jarves had already revived the Polynesian (news- paper), which was eventually purchased by Government, and he made an officer of the Crown under my responsibility.
At this period Mr. Richards returned from Europe after
* John Ricord, an able lawyer, versed in the civil as well as common laws, drafter of the laws of 1846.
+ Mr. George Brown.
246
Appendix I.
an absence of three years, and whatever may be said in praise of his labors in organizing and holding together the incon- gruous elements of Government after his return, no one will doubt my agency while he was absent, and I venture to assert that, if I had then resigned, you* would not have held together three months in face of the opposition on Maui, to the "For- eign Officers," and of the " Belgian Contract." Mr. Ricord did the King good service in ridding the islands of that hum- bug. He was just the man for the times, and without him or some lawyer, we should have been involved in difficulties inextricable, not to say fatal. Am I not entitled to the credit of withstanding and thwarting the proposal to assume the debts and mortgaged property of Ladd & Co .? Did I not wind up the Arbitration ?
The Land Commission was my idea. It was promised before your arrival, and established as soon as possible. It had been employed a year or two upon claims of foreigners principally, but no claims of natives could be decided until the breaking up of the old feudal system which allowed to the King, chiefs and people an interest in the soil, the tenure of each subject to the will of his superior. The King and chiefs labored in vain for two years to make some division among themselves which would enable each to own some land independently. It could not be done. There was no one but myself had the knowledge, and I may say the resolution, to act efficiently. I therefore volunteered my services to the King, and on condition of his appointing as my fellow-laborers those whom I named, pledged myself to make the division.t You know
* The Cabinet then consisting of John Young, Judd, Wyllie, Rich- ards, and Ricord as Attorney-General.
+ The book in which this record was made is called the "Mahele Book," or Book of Division. It contains a complete list of all the lands in the kingdom, with releases by the chiefs to the King of the lands they surrendered, and releases to the chiefs of the lands divided off to them as their share. It is dated from January 27th to March 7, 1848.
247
Honolulu.
that the work was done, and how thoroughly ; but you can never know what obstacles had to be encountered ; whose feelings were hurt; whose rights, in his or her estimation, were disregarded; but I have the satisfaction of knowing that, on the whole, the division was fair, and a great blessing to the Hawaiian nation.
The inefficiency and inexperience of Mr. Young* made it necessary for some one to aid him in his department. I had, upon the organization of the Government in 1846, charge of various important branches of business that belonged to the Interior Department, but having now succeeded in placing the best available men in power, I desired to give my whole attention to my own Department-that of Finance. Mr. Young asked my assistance. I declined, and Mr. Richards promised to do what he required. At the same time, the care of the Government vessels, the prison labor, public buildings, etc., etc., were left on my hands. I remonstrated with Mr. Young, and he blamed Mr. Richards.
Finally, I was compelled by these circumstances to assist Mr. Young and release Mr. Richards. I did not interfere with the Courts after the appointment of Judge Lee, nor did I ever influence or control the Land Commission, but there was a feeling in the minds of many that I assumed too much -so strong a feeling that one of the employés of the Govern- ment thought it right to bring against me, before the King, sixteen charges and one hundred and seventy-five specifica- tions, the great object of which was to show that I had usurped the duties of the Minister of the Interior !
You were one of my Judges. I need say no more upon this subject.
Up to 1849, and I may say, up to 1859, every available source of revenue to the Government except the poll tax, was of my own devising, and the poll-tax itself was, by my
* Mr. John Young, or Keoni Ana, a half-caste, a favorite of Kame- hameha III., and a most courtly gentleman.
248
Appendix I .- Honolulu.
advice, diverted from being a perquisite of the King to be a revenue of the Government.
All the credit I claim for agency in the Department of Foreign Affairs may be reduced to one point : your appoint- ment as Minister, which would never have happened but for me. I did, however, with Judge Lee, face the music on board the Gassendi, and I negotiated the Treaties with the United States and Great Britain, although I cheerfully re- signed to Mr. Jarves the credit of the one, and to you of the other. If my policy had been carried out with France, we should have had a French treaty in similar terms with those long ago.
Perhaps I may be wrong in calling this my policy, since it was also that of Lord Palmerston, with whom I settled the conditions of the Treaty.
I find that the method most people take to get credit for good works is to blow their own trumpet. This trumpeting you will not lay to my charge, unless in the present instance I am guilty of it. If I am, excuse it for once, and believe me,
Truly yours, G. P. JUDD.
APPENDIX II.
RECENT HISTORY OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.
ALEXANDER LIHOLIHO came to the throne December 15, 1854, as Kamehameha IV. He was an amiable and talented Prince, of engaging manners and accomplishments. The crowning act of his reign was the building of the Queen's Hospital, subscriptions for which he personally solicited, and whose corner-stone he laid in 1859. This noble charity, now considerably enlarged and well supported (by a tax of two dollars on every passenger coming into this kingdom), is an enduring monument to his memory. He married Emma Rooke, daughter of Naea and Fanny Young, on the 2d of June, 1856, and on the 20th of May, 1858, the Queen gave birth to a boy. High hopes were centered on this "Prince of Hawaii," but he died on the 27th of August, 1862, and the bitterness of grief greatly affected his father, who followed him to the grave November 30, 1863, aged only 29.
THE ANGLICAN CHURCH.
In October, 1862, a Bishop of the Anglican Church and staff of clergy arrived at the islands, in response to an auto- graph letter of Kamehameha IV.'s to Queen Victoria, re- questing a chaplain for the royal family. Considerable feel- ing was aroused at this intrusion upon the " comity of mis- sions," but the Right Rev. T. Nettleship Staley, Bishop of Honolulu, was received with great favor by the King, who assisted him by translating the Prayer-book into Hawaiian.
II*
(249)
250
Appendix II.
For a while the novelty of the liturgical services attracted the Hawaiian mind. Dr. Staley was succeeded, after a few years, by the Right Rev. Alfred Willet, an earnest worker, who reports in 1880 to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, that " the interest in the movement, both in England and at the islands, has lost its life-that the cathedral is not yet built, and the fund for its erection is at a stand-still." The number embraced in the congregations is given at 150, and the communicants at 70. Considerable work is, however, done by the English Mission in the cause of education ; the Bishop's College School, containing 52 boys ; St. Andrew's Priory, 79 girls ; and the church at Honolulu is supplying a real want to Episcopalians.
REIGN OF KAMEHAMEHA V.
Lọt Kamehameha succeeded his brother as Kamehameha V. He appeared to be dissatisfied with the democratic tend- encies of the people, and, averring that he could not con- scientiously take the oath to the Constitution, called a con- vention consisting of the representatives of the people, the nobles and himself, to frame a new one. After long discus- sion, it appeared to the King that the Convention was not likely to agree upon the article in regard to the property qualifications of voters, and he accordingly abrogated the Constitution of 1852, and promulgated a new one on the 24th of August, 1864.
This coup d'etat produced no little disquiet, but by degrees the new Constitution was acquiesced in, and after a few years the full number of votes were cast at popular elections. The main feature of the new Constitution was the concentration of governmental powers and the uniting of both Houses of Legislature into one Assembly, which after sixteen years of experience, seems as well adapted as the bicameral system to the peculiar circumstances of this kingdom.
Kamehameha V. possessed firmness of character, verging
251
Honolulu.
upon obstinacy, but trusted his constitutional advisers. His reign is marked by the establishment of the leper asylum at Molokai, the building of a fine stone hotel at Honolulu, and the commencement of the new Government building, which was completed in 1874, at a cost of $120,000. In 1865 a. line of steamers was established between San Francisco and Honolulu, which has developed into a continuous monthly service, by good steamships of 3,000 tons, to the Australian Colonies, stopping at Honolulu each way, to which line the Government pays a subsidy of $1,000 per month. This year, 1865, Queen Emma visited Europe and America.
In 1868, a crazy fanatic, named Kaona, resisted the author- ities at Kona, Hawaii, and after two murders, he and his party were arrested, and brought to Honolulu, and finally the main movers were tried and sentenced to imprisonment.
In 1869 the Duke of Edinburgh visited the islands. On the IIth of December, 1872, Kamehameha V. died, without issue. His sister, Victoria Kamamalu, had died May 29, 1866; no successor had been proclaimed, and the throne was vacant.
REIGN OF LUNALILO.
The Legislative Assembly was called, and on the 8th of January, 1873, it elected as King, by a unanimous vote, Prince William Charles Lunalilo. This amiable chief was exceedingly popular with the mass of the Hawaiians, and immediately proposed amendments to the Constitution to re- store the two Houses of Legislature. His Cabinet com- menced negotiations with the United States Minister for a treaty of reciprocity with the United States, offering towards compensation the use of the " Pearl Lochs " at Ewa, Oahu, for a naval station. The King's constitution began to weaken, showing signs of consumption. It was quite evident that he would not live to complete the negotiations, and, meanwhile, a factious opposition had been excited against any alienation of Hawaiian territory, however great the advantages that
252
Appendix II.
might be gained, and the negotiations were dropped. Ir. September, 1873, a mutiny of the troops occurred at the bar- racks, but nothing was done to them, and they were finally disbanded, without bloodshed, but with a certain loss of au- thority on the part of the Government.
The King sought health by a residence at Kailua, Hawaii, but failed rapidly, and finally died at Honolulu, on the 3d day of February, 1874. Lunalilo founded by his will an in- firmary for aged and poor Hawaiians, which is now in process of erection.
REIGN OF KALAKAUA.
Again the nobles and representatives were called to elect a sovereign for Hawaii. The agents of both Queen Dowager Emma and Hon. David Kalakaua (the most prominent male chief surviving) had been active during this interregnum of nine days. The election was held February 12, 1874, and though the vote stood thirty-seven for Kalakaua and only six for Emma, the popularity of the latter among the people soon showed itself in the shape of a riot, which resulted in the sacking of a part of the court-house, and in assaults on many of the representatives. The apparent object of the mob was to coerce the Assembly into taking another vote, and to elect the one of their choice. The army had been disbanded, the police proved ineffectual, the volunteer troops were divided in their sympathies, and matters were becoming serious, when, on request, troops were landed from the United States ships of war Tuscarora and Portsmouth, and her British Majesty's ship Tenedos, who speedily restored order. Many arrests were made, and about one hundred persons were punished by the Courts for riot. It is difficult to say what the result would have been but for the opportune presence of ships of war in port at the time. His Majesty Kalakaua formed his Government, and made a royal progress throughout the group, and the disaffection became allayed.
In November, 1874, -accompanied by a small suite, the
253
Honolulu.
King visited the United States, and was. cordially received by the President and Cabinet ; and upon all classes of peo ple, where he travelled, he produced a favorable impression. His visit attracted the attention of the United States to these islands, and immediately negotiations were reopened at Wash- ington by Hons. E. H. Allen and H. A. P. Carter, for a con- vention of commercial reciprocity between the two countries, which was ratified by the Senate, and which went finally into operation by appropriate legislation in both countries, in Sep- tember, 1876. The Treaty is to remain in force for seven years, and for twelve months after notice of its termination. The results of this Treaty, which admits free of duty into the United States the sugar and rice produced at the islands, are so marked, in the way of calling capital and labor to the isl- ands, and the rapid development of its agricultural resources, as to call for some statistics.
The exports of sugar were in 1862
3,000,603 lbs.
1868
18,312,926
.‹
I878
38,431,458 “
1879 48,559,927
The exports of rice and paddy were in 1862 . 921,707 lbs.
1868 .. 903,404 “
1878 ..
5,552,659
1879 . . 4,831,628 “
The total value of imports was in 1868. $1,800,046 18
1878. 3,046,369 70
exports
I868 1,898,215 63
1878 3,548,471 84
For the year 1879 the exports were. $3,787,717 97
imports were .. 3,742,978 39
The total receipts of the Gov- ernment for the years
1860-61 were. $668,186 56
1870-71 364,956 35
1878-79 · 1,703,736 88
The total expenditures of the Government for the years
1860-61 were $681,788 83
1870-71 969,784 14
1878-79 1,495,697 48
The Treaty of Reciprocity has greatly stimulated the trade
254
Appendix II.
of the Pacific Coast, and the islands are now large consumers of the produce of California and the Territories.
The present national debt of the islands is $388,900.
The number of vessels under the Hawaiian flag in 1860 were 49, with an aggregate tonnage of 5,030 tons. In 1880 they were 69, with an aggregate tonnage of 11,410 tons. Of these eight are steamers, all but one built in the United States, as well as nearly all of the other vessels.
The population of the group was by the
Census of 1832
130,313
I836
108,579
1850 84, 165
I860
69,700
I866
62,959
1872
56,897
I878
57,985
The decrease of the native population from 1872 to 1878 was 4,023 ; increase of foreign population for the same period was 5,III.
The amount expended by the Government for education for two years ending March 31, 1880, was $147,076.65. On the Ist of January, 1880, there were 210 schools in the isl- ands, with an attendance of 7,164 pupils.
The Judiciary of the kingdom consists of a Supreme Court, with three Judges, holding commissions for life; Circuit Courts on the islands of Hawaii, Maui and Kauai; and Dis- trict or Police Courts in each of the twenty-six districts. The methods of procedure are closely allied to those of the States of the American Union.
Immigration .- During the past two years there have been introduced into this kingdom, under the patronage of the Government, 930 Portuguese from the Madeira Islands, and 1,180 Polynesians, mainly from the Gilbert Islands. In the business of procuring immigrants from the South Seas, the Government have four vessels engaged, and much is hoped
255
Honolulu.
from this scheme as supplying a population analogous to the Hawaiian.
It is estimated that there are now from 8,000 to 10,000 Chinese in the islands. Thus far they have proved valuable to its agricultural and commercial interests, for the sugar plantations depend largely upon them for labor, and rice is cultivated by them exclusively. They are now erecting a Christian church at Honolulu to cost $6,000. The lands suitable for rice are now generally taken up, and it is quite doubtful that the islands will become a Chinese colony, as predicted by some.
There are now fifty-six churches under the auspices of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association-the successors of the A. B. C. F. M .- with an aggregate membership of between 7,000 and 8,000 souls. These churches are self-sustaining, and contributed last year $4,428.96 for foreign missionary work. A training-school for candidates for the ministry is now pros- pering, with fifteen pupils, under the presidency of Dr. C. M. Hyde. The religious wants of the foreign population are supplied by the Fort Street church and bethel at Honolulu, and independent churches at Hilo and Kohala, Hawaii, at Haiku on Maui and Lihue, Kauai. The Roman Catholic re- ligion seems to hold its own among the natives, but no recent statistics are accessible.
The future of the Hawaiian Islands is inevitably connected with that of the Pacific coast of America, and being the only group holding such a position, statesmen of the United States, impressed with the importance of the Pacific Ocean as the theatre of great events in the near future, have ever been willing to aid the friends of the Hawaiians in sustaining an independent Government, founded and administered in ac- cordance with the principles developed by the civilization of the age. So long as such a Government is maintained by the Hawaiians, it is undoubtedly for the best interests of all na- tions that it should be sustained in its independence. If,
256
Appendix II.
however, intrigue from without or dissensions within should threaten the integrity of the Government, or should attempts be made to make the islands the arena of events inimical to the interests of foreign commerce or of the neighboring States, it may become the duty of the United States to pro- tect the interests of the Pacific States by the exercise of an active influence, which will preserve the institutions estab- lished by the devoted labors of American missionaries and other friendly foreigners. A. F. J.
HONOLULU, October 1, 1880.
INDEX.
PAGE
ABBOTT, LAWRENCE
206
Agriculture, Hawaiian.
.217, 253
Albert, Prince
204
-
declaration.
134
Epidemics .. .
90, 177, 222
Allen, Judge E. H
194
Annexation to the United States.
227
Armstrong, the Rev. Richard, 90, 179 ;
address of
212; 224.
Army, a standing, proposed
220
BATES, JUDGE A. B.
. 175, 179
Belgian contract, the.
106, 128,
144, 167, 246
Bingham, the Rev. Hiram.
. .. 3, 5, 9,
12, 15, 30, 37, 47, 60, 95
Bishop, the Rev. Artemas
19
Boki ... .
. . II, 21, 52 ; lost at sea ...
53
Brinsmade, P. A ...... 106-11I, 134, 167, 243
Broglie, the Duc de.
201
" Byron's " or Hilo Bay
62
CALIFORNIA, gold discovered in, 175; epidemics from, 177; emigration to,
180 ; from, 191; adventurers from ... 219 " Carysfort," visit of. 118, 243
Catholics imprisoned
82, 83
-- their present success
255
Charlton, Richard.
217
Cloaks. royal
28,
152
Censuses of various years. 254
Chamberlain, Levi .
3
Children given away.
51
-
government, divides
the land
- of missionaries ..
67, 116,
Chinese in the Islands
255
Churches, Hawaiian
255
- - self-supporting
105
Coan, Mrs. Fidelia, 63 ; letter from ....
155
Hoapili
26, 240
Cook, Capt. James ..
. 42, 97, 229
Cooke, Mr. and Mrs. Amos .... 94, 128,
179, 242
DAMON, THE REV. S. C. 130
Diell, the Rev. John.
55, 130
Dillon, Consul .
.172, 184, 189, 199
Dîner sans vin
I26
Diseases that have prevailed ... 90, 177, 222
Dress at the Islands
.. 5, 9, 13,
37, 40, 76, 142, 152
EDUCATION
20, 30, 69,
75, 78, 90, 95, 180
Ellis, the Rev. William
.6, 230
Emma, Queen.
249
PAGE
English seizure of the Islands
120
- restoration of them
123
FEASTS, HAWAIIAN.
166, 175
Feather cloaks, royal.
28, 152
Finch, Capt., reception of
37
French interference
80, 92,
116, 185, 190
seizure of Tahiti.
115
GENERAL MEETINGS OF MISSIONARIES ..
19
Goodrich, the Rev. Joseph.
3
Government, the old Hawaiian.
79
- newer systems ..
151, 236, 247,
250
-Green, the Rev. J. S ..
89
HAALILIO, 108, III, 121, 131 ; his death, 139
Hall, E. O.
131
Hawaii, old
230
Hawaiian agriculture.
217, 253
-
- Islands, seizure of ...
I20
- restoration of.
123
language, 24 ; reduced to writ-
ing, 15 ; publications in ..
78
chiefs : household customs, 7, 12,
141 ; dress. ..... 14, 16, 37, 40, 76, 142, 152
churches
. 105, 255
- scenery of ...
2, 24, 29, 46, 63
170
among the people.
177, 212
-- character.
7, 236
islanders, dress of .... 5, 9, 13, 20 ;
their food.
IO
Hilo, village of.
62
Honolulu, appearance of, 2; the town
described
233
IDOLS .
97
Ii, John.
145
Infanticide
34
Immigration.
254
JARVES, J. J., 83, 102, 104, 136; leaves the Islands . .. .. . . 172 ; 193, 208, 245, 248 Jones, Commodore 130
Judd, Dr. G. P., 40, 47, 63, 74, 30, 89, 92, 95 : in danger in Kilauea, 101 ; retires from the mission, 110; 114, 121, 128, 131 ; secretary of state, 129,
(257)
258
Index.
PAGE
159 ; of the interior and of finance, 137; 155, 157; commissioner extra- ordinary, 189 ; 209, 224 : resigns office, 225 ; letter on his policy 239
-
Gerrit, death of. 85
KAAHUMANU, QUEEN, 4, 6, 11,'14, 20,
30, 37. 39 ; her death .. .47; 81, 96 Kaili, character of . ..
Kalakaua, King, 96 (note) ; accession of .. 252
Kamehameha I
12, 140, 145, 229
-
II. (Liholiho).
. 12, 13, 140, 230
- III. (Kauikeaouli) 21, 24, 39, 51, 62, 92, 108, 129, 145, 173 ; cedes lands to the people, 177, 212 ; favors an- nexation, 227 ; his death, 227, 230 ; character of .. 228 ; 239, 244
- IV. (Alexander Liholiho) birth
of, 59 ; 76, 179, 182, 189, 205, 209, 210,
220, 228 (note) ; his accession, 234, 249 ; 240
- V. (Prince Lot), 179, 189, 205, 220, 228 (note) ; accession of, 250 ; death
Kaomi
239
Kapiolani. 43, 96 ; death. 99
Kekauluohi.
58, 139, 140
Keopuolani.
.61, 229
Kilauea
64, 101
Kinau, 47, 49, 52, 57 : death, 84 ; 127, 239, 241
Kuakini.
37
LAHAINA, village of. 88
Lands divided among the people. . 177, 212, 246
Language of the Hawaiians.
15,24
La Place's visit ... 82
Lee, Judge Wm., 169, 174, 188 ; address
by ..
.214; 235, 248
Loomis, Elisha
6
Lunalilo, King.
25I
MARIN'S JOURNAL. 216
Malo, David
I45
Marshall, J. F. B. 121, 167 Maternal association 71
Miller, Consul.
188
Mission to England ..
189, 194
Missionaries, arrivals of, 71, 95 ; return
of, 73; meetings in Honolulu, 19;
deaths of .
.169, 170
-
- children
67, 117, 170
NAHIENAENA, 24 ; her death .. . . 60 ; 77, 230
Napoleon, Louis
200
National debt
254
OGDEN, MISS
29, 17I
Poem, a Hawaiian
8s
Polygamy ...
13
Pomare, Queen of Tahiti.
115, 166
Population of the Islands.
254
Portrait of Louis Philippe.
I72
" Potomac," visit of.
4)
President's messages
37, 133. 193
Punahou school ..
95, 17C
RECIPROCITY TREATY.
253
Rice culture.
25J
Richards, the Rev. William, 17, 26, 63,
78, 80, 92, 94, 106, 136, 154, 168 ; his
death
170; 177,241,243,245,247
Ricord, J ..
128, 136, 143, 168, 177, 245
Royal school.
75, 93, 154, 179
Ruggles, Samuel
19, 40, 44, 96
" ST. MARY'S," visit of.
192
Sandalwood, traffic ın ..
8
Scenery of the Islands
.2, 24, 29, 46, 63
Schools for adults.
.20, 30
for girls
88, 90, 180
- for children
69, 75, 93, 95
Secret tribunal ..
224
Severance, L.
213, 22I
Seward, Wm. H
209
Small-pox epidemic
222
Staley, Bishop
249
· tewart, the Rev. C. S.
6, 36
Stribling, Captain.
130
Sugar culture
253
Superstitions, Hawaiian
142
TAHITI, SEIZED BY THE FRENCH.
115
Ten Eyck, Commissioner.
167
Thomas, Admiral Richard .
.. 122, 125,
135, 197, 206
Traveling in the Islands.
23, 26, 63, 88
Treaty of reciprocity.
..
253
Tromelin, Admiral de.
184, 202
Turril, Judge ..
167, 189, 194
U. S. EXPLORING EXPEDITION
100
VICTORIA KAMAMALU, birth, 76; 113,
130 ; death ....
251
" Virginie," visit of
160
Volcanoes.
64, 1or, 218
WAILUKU, village of.
88
Waipio valley .
46
Washing of clothes, primitive method,
14
Webster, Daniel.
210
Weddings in Honolulu
17
Wheeler, Daniel.
74
Whitman massacre, the.
172
Wilkes, Captain
IO0, 211
Willet, the Rev. Alfred
250
Wyllie, Robert Crichton, 143, 155 ; sec-
retary of state, 159 ; 172, 184, 198, 207,
211 ; address by, 215 ; Dr. Judd's
letter to
239
PALMERSTON, LORD . 198, 203, 205, 207 Paulet, Lord George 118, 243 Percival, Capt 36 Plants introduced 216 YOUNG, JOHN. 44, 146, 118, 194. 241
PAGE
THE END.
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