USA > Illinois > Stephenson County > History of Stephenson County, Illinois : a record of its settlement, organization, and three-quarters of a century of progress > Part 21
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67 | Part 68 | Part 69 | Part 70 | Part 71 | Part 72
OSCAR TAYLOR.
The following ad for Barrett's store will give a good idea of the strenuous business of the times and also the nature of the early store, which was, in fact, a "department store :"
A HASTY PLATE OF SOUP
Highway robbery, murder, treason, codfish, Loco Foco matches, and 4 cent Calico !!
GOODS ! ! !
Of fine and noble selections- All colors, kinds and complexions- Cheap as the cheapest at that, Are being sold now-a-days-at
BARRETT'S :
Going off hourly, in boxes and sacks, The richest, finest and best of nic-nacks The clerks are busy early and late-
Using the yard stick as well as the slate.
HAIL COLUMBIA !!
Groceries-of all kinds; (such as)
Gimps, and window blinds. Teas, sugars, and cassimeres ; Oils, candies, and cashmeres ; Indigo, trace chains, and nails ;
Fulled cloths, satinetts and pails.
Raisins, ribbons and rice ; Molasses, gimlets and spice.
163
HISTORY OF STEPHENSON COUNTY
NUTMEGS AND RAT TRAPS.
Tin-ware, and baby's socks ; Eggs, boots and brass clocks; Ginger, candles and cradles ; Glauber salts, tobacco and ladles. Lanterns, real estate and glues ; Lead, shot, spices and shoes. Tweedles, brooms and madder red; Basins, log chains, red and black lead.
NOTIONS AND FIXINS!
Razors, perfumery and glass ; Hand saws, white satin-first class ! Paints, saw-files and silk ; Butter and cheese made of skim-milk!
LADY'S BONNETS AND DYE-STUFFS.
Mill saws, K. jeans, and spades ; Calicoes, caps and sun shades- Garden seeds, shovels and forks; Last year's almanacs and corks ; Hard times, cotton yarn and files ; Silk and woolen goods-all styles. French goods, "tunnels," buttons ; Knives, forks-for steak or mutton!
CINNAMON AND CROCKERY !
Mulls, muslins, laces and tar, Cheap-as cheapest and cheaper by far Clay pipes, whips, shovels and tongs ; Bonnet strings-ballads and songs. Lamp oil, lamp-black and black lead; Fiddle strings, marbles, greyish and red Bleached, unbleached shirting and sheetings Songs for whig and democrat meetings.
JEW'S HARPS, SCISSORS AND SCHOOL BOOKS!
Bed cords, ticking, powder and shot, Kettles, hair oil, combs and pots ; Flannels, tin ware, and lady's fans Hair combs, loaf sugar and moll-cans Mittens, griddles-black and blue ink; And other things of which I can't think Promissory notes, and duns quite stale Warranted now due-or no sale.
-
164
HISTORY OF STEPHENSON COUNTY
For all, or any of the above articles, and thousands of others, just call at the cheapest store in Freeport-directly opposite the Stephenson County Hotel-don't forget the place, but keep con- stantly in your mind that interesting word-cheap.
Freeport, January 15, 1848.
A. A. Follock, barber at I Stoneman's inn, says his prices are : Shaving 61/4 cents, hair-cutting 121/2 cents, and adds "These prices will be kept up till some barber comes along who will do the business for nothing." In one of his ads O. Taylor says: "We have been told that opposition is the life of business, therefore, I will pay 65 cents for winter wheat and 60 cents for spring wheat, in goods at lower prices than any other store in Freeport. F. A. Stricky had a big ad for his Pennsylvania store. Mr. D. A. Knowlton in his ad offered great bargains, as he had decided to dispose of his entire stock. His explana- tion follows :
GREAT BARGAINS! !
Having spent the last eight years in hard toil and taxed my mind day and night with the cares of business, until I have impaired my health and broken my constitution, and having been blessed by Divine Providence with a reasonable compensation for my labors, and now feeling a desire of changing my business, so as to place myself more at ease, knowing that all I can get in this world is what I can eat, drink and wear. I would now say to the citizens of Stephenson County and the public in general that I have re- solved to dispose of my entire STOCK OF GOODS. Therefore I will pay 65 cents for good Winter Wheat and 60 cents for good Spring Wheat, in exchange for goods; and I will pay the highest price of Oats, Corn, Hides, Furs, Butter, Cheese, Beeswax, Ginseng and most kinds of Country Produce in exchange for goods. There- fore, all persons wishing to buy goods will find it much to their advantage to call at D. A. KNOWLTON'S well known WHOLE- SALE & RETAIL STORE, as Great Bargains will be offered there and goods will be sold a little cheaper than the cheapest. Also, that I will now sell my Entire Stock of Goods to any Mer- chant wishing to locate in Freeport, at a Great Bargain and Rent my Store, for a year or a term of years. D. A. KNOWLTON.
An ad with some evidence of literary genius is the following by Abel Smith of Winslow :
WONDERFUL DEATH BY CONSUMPTION.
After consuming thousands, Mr. Credit has laid down and died, at the "Rough & Ready Store," in Winslow. Call on Abel Smith and he will preach his funeral sermon over a lot of choice YANKEE NOTIONS, and a fine lot of Groceries, and a smart sprinkling of DRY-GOODS, together with White fish, paints, tin-ware, boots
165
HISTORY OF STEPHENSON COUNTY
and shoes, thoroughly made, to order. Bring out your produce ,and I will do your work cheaper, or sell you a pile of goods cheap.
Winslow, January I.
ABEL SMITH.
L. W. Guiteau advertised his new store and stock at the southeast corner of the Public Square.
One of the unique and significant ads of 1847 was that of J. Howe, the hotel man. It follows :
A few travellers can be quietly entertained at Howe's Cottage- with poor fare, at high prices if they come sober and remain so. /N. B. I want it should be distinctly understood, of all the living beings, a drunkard, to me is the most detestable! I can bear with snakes, toads, hedge-hogs and skunks; because they are as they were created ; but an intelligent human being that will make a brute of him or herself, by intoxicating drink-or those who furnish it to a fel- low being, until he or she is intoxicated, and then turn them into the streets to the exposure of the frost, and gaping multitude-I say to such, I have no shelter. J. HOWE.
-
Freeport, December, 1847.
F. A. Strocky's notice to delinquents is a type of the method of asking cred- itors to pay up :
NOTICE .- All persons indebted to me buy note, book account, or otherwise, are respectfully requested to call and liquidate their in- debtedness, on or before the 10th of January next, or I shall be compelled to assist them by legal process. Gentlemen, I wish to pay my debts at maturity, and only ask you to do the same-That's all !
F. A. STROCKY.
Freeport, December 27, 1847.
E. H. Hyde's half column ad is similar to that of Barrett's in the long list of articles to be found in his store.
ITEMS.
The Journal, December 6, 1848, said, "No more bandits to be sent from our country to revolutionize other countries and annex them to our country."
1848, December 13, J. G. Bedee had taken charge of the Stephenson County Hotel. A large addition had been made and fitted up in good style.
Ad: "Winneshiek House, corner Stephenson and Chicago streets, M. M. Woodin."
County finances April 4, 1849:
Appropriation and expenses $2,727.76
Revenue for 1848. 2,256.75
Fines and licenses 328.25
Rent of court house. 25.65 County indebtedness 1,527.05 1848, J. A. Crain and James Schofield were appointed West Point cadets from the 6th district.
166
HISTORY OF STEPHENSON COUNTY
January 24, 1849, J. H. and P. Manny advertised the Manny Harvester in the Freeport Journal. The shop was then conducted at Waddams Grove. "The machine will cut a level swath at any height the man at the wheel may desire. He adjusts the machine to suit the height of the grain. The grain is conveyed by the machine directly to the wagon from the knives as it is cut, or it will leave the grain in the -?- to be bound by hand. Two horses will draw the ma- chine. Fifteen acres can be cut in a day, the machine cutting five feet. It will pass over stumps not over two feet high. The price of a machine is $250."
Threshing cost 5 cents a bushel in 1848.
The following ad explains itself: "Cash paid for hauling wheat to Chicago. 60 teams wanted immediately, for which the highest price will be paid. D. A. Knowlton."
"Last Call. All persons indebted to Emmert & Strohm must pay up im- mediately, or "Fred" or the constable will be after an introduction."
In 1852, the circuit court indicted William Peoples and W. M. Denton for passing counterfeit money and they were sentenced to years imprisonment. Later they were granted a new trial. .
Norton's Book Store established a circulating library in 1852.
A large addition to Stephenson County Hotel completed, August, 1849.
A public dinner was served to Hon. Thomas J. Turner, at the Eagle Hotel, April 19, 1849. All were invited. Music was furnished by the Freeport Brass Band. S. D. Carpenter, editor of the Democrat was orator of the day. Mr. Turner responded with an able speech. It was a non-partisan affair. The com- mittee on arrangements were: A. T. Green, Charles Beth, D. A. Knowlton, F. A. Strocky, M. M. Woodin and Nelson Martin. Mr. E. Torrey was president of the day. Eleven regular toasts were given, after the dinner at the Eagle Hotel and seven volunteer toasts followed.
The day was in honor of Mr. Turner as the district's congressman, 1846- 1848.
The Journal, May 23, 1849: "Whig Postmaster at Freeport! It gives us great pleasure to announce the appointment of that staunch and reliable whig, George Reitzell, to the office of postmaster in this village."
In the Journal, November 30, 1848, S. D. Knight calls attention to his store by the following head-lines :
"Revolution in Freeport, Vive La Republique."
Emmert & Strohm's ad in 1848, December 13, appealed to young ladies with tendencies toward matrimony. It said : "O, Ladies! Call at Emmert & Strohm's and examine those beautiful toilet articles. Purchase some of those perfumes that tickle so finely the noses of the sterner sex. Heed this advice if you are after a beau, and if you have caught one, heed that you may keep him."
The "Sons of Temperance" held a public meeting in the Presbyterian church, December 15, 1848. Mr. James Turner and Mr. C. A. Clark addressed the meetings.
The third issue of the Freeport Journal, November 30, 1848, made a strong appeal for the establishment of factories. It argued that a county and a city could not be built up without factories.
167
HISTORY OF STEPHENSON COUNTY
The Journal of 1852, September 25, goes hard after Thompson Campbell. It appears that Campbell had pledged 700 abolitionists that he was in favor of prohibiting slavery in the territories, abolishing slavery in the District of Col- umbia, opposed to admission of Slave States to be made out of Texas or other territory, favors the repeal of the Fugitive Slave Law and urges all constitutional means to restrict the slave trade.
Speaking of the old cemetery the Journal said, June 3, 1850: "A great por- tion of the grounds are unprotected. Not a single tree is there to spread its quiet shades around. There is no fence (except in a few cases) to shield the dust of departed friends from being trampled and torn by the beasts of the field." The edition then urged the building of an iron fence at a cost of $200.00.
Mr. Pells Manny advertised his new self-raker, drop reaper and clipper February, 1850. The drop became the usual reaper till the binder was per- fected many years later.
Dr. J. V. H. Judd located permanetly in Freeport in 1850.
Journal, April 29, 1850: "Wanted, a quantity of wood at this office to apply on account."
MORE ADVERTISING IN 1850. Great excitement at the post office ; New goods and new prices !!
In this way John Black called attention to the "largest and best stock of goods ever offered to the citizens of the county." He stood ready to prove that goods were selling cheaper than the high tariff prices of previous years.
Folloch, the barber, advertised in 1850, "That ladies could have their heads shampooed at home if they wished and that gentlemen who were being shaved by the month or quarter would be furnished with a lather box and brush ex- clusively for their own use."
January 10, 1851, D. A. Knowlton advertised that he would receive "Span- ish quarters" at 25 cents in trade or on debts. He scored merchants who were allowing only 20 cents for them.
John L. Burgers, a son of W. L. Burgers of Rock Run, was bitten by a poisonous snake, June 15, 1850. The poison spread rapidly through his sys- tem and he died in eleven hours.
Godey's Lady's Book was the "Ladies Home Journal" of 1850.
Raymond Co.'s extenstive menagerie, being the largest and rarest collec- tion of wild beasts, birds and reptiles, will exhibit at Freeport, Saturday, July 13, 1850. Admission 25 cents.
Journal, August 23, 1850: "Our town has been honored the past week by a 'traveling theatre company,' with its usual attendants, viz .: rowdyism and intemperance. It will be well for good citizens of neighboring towns not to be taken in by the boastful pretensions of the 'Robinson Family.'"
In 1850, Rev. Parker for the Presbyterian and Rev. DeVore for the Metho- dists held big revival meetings in Freeport.
The Messrs. Stowell of Waddams Grove, invented and manufactured a sod fence machine. They claimed it would be possible to build a mile of fence per day. The machine was drawn by oxen and cut the sod in strips and laid it up
168
HISTORY OF STEPHENSON COUNTY
in a durable fence. Four men and five yoke of oxen were required to operate the machine.
ADVERTISING-1852.
The advertisers in 1852 continued the style of 1847. Block & Lowenthal, corner of Stephenson and Adams streets, called attention to their goods as follows :
Look Out, Clear the Track, Freeport Railroad Clothing Depot.
Block & Lowenthal-Just Arrived, etc.
J. S. Emmert & Co. attracted attention by : "Spirit Rappings! call and ex- amine and if you are not pleased with the elephant, we will charge you nothing for the sight."
Excelsior ! in big type announces G. G. Norton's book store bargains. Stib- gen & Engle have a big ad for the Stephenson County Hardware Co. A pic- ture of a loaded freight train calls attention to D. A. Knowlton's new and up- to-date stock of goods.
"Kossuth in Freeport"-In order to procure his arrival you must call at the third house below the Winneshiek, for the woodwork of wagons and car- riages, by R. Moorland.
S. Sutherland has a big ad for his "new merchant and grist mill," on Rich- land Creek near Wilcoxen's Mill. "The mill will be known as Sciota Mill, Pennsylvanians, this is the mill for you! We will only toll a tenth; Buckeyes, Yankees, or the hardy sons of Ireland's Isle, you shall be used alike and have your turn. Jackson Bower, an experienced miller, will receive your grist in English or Dutch. We want our mill enrolled in the memory of the dear people of the county who care for the body as well as the soul."
"Smith O'Brien Escaped ! and the Freeport Cabinet Warerooms refitted! is the head of a long ad by Snyder & Wade, below the Winneshiek.
The "Jenny Lind" livery stable, run by Chas. Butler and Daniel Powell, made a bid for business but added poetically :
Don't ride till you're able When you ride be sure to pay, Credit won't buy oats or hay !
There were numerous ads for hair dyes, snuff and "segars."
INTERESTING ITEMS-1850-2.
Mr. Crouse of Ohio took charge of the Winneshiek House in July, 1852.
Barna T. Stowell, Esq., of Waddams Grove, invented a self-loading and dumping cart, which he exhibited, July 19, 1852. The machine worked ad- mirably and fulfilled the most sanguine expectations of the inventor.
Spalding and Roger's North America Circus showed in Freeport, August 24, 1852.
169
HISTORY OF STEPHENSON COUNTY
The Journal of June 10, 1850, says, "Last year (1849) the population of Freeport was 1,020. This year a census has been taken and shows an increase of 480, making the population 1,500. Sixty new dwelling houses have been begun this spring."-
The Journal's circulation in 1851 was 323 and that of the Prairie Demo- crat was 348, both weeklies.
In July, 1851, both the Democrat and the Journal had long discussions on the short dress and "bloomer costume" that were then trying to become the vogue.
The Freeport Temperance Society was organized at the Baptist church, July II, 1851.
In 1851, a movement was under way to build a plank road from Freeport to Monroe, Wisconsin. That would bring the trade of southern Wisconsin to Freeport and then to Chicago, via the coming railroad.
Brewster & Wheeler's nursery had 150,000 trees in 1851.
In J. H. Manny's ad for his reapers and mowers, September 12, 1851, were the endorsements of almost 100 citizens of Stephenson County.
Journal, October 3, 1851 : "Psychology .- A fellow calling himself Dr. Den- nis, has been endeavoring to lecture to some of our citizens for several evenings on this humbug Science."
A. H. Wise advertised the "Kossuth Hack" from Freeport to the railroad in 1852.
March 19, 1852, there was held in Freeport an Irish patriot mass meeting. The meeting was held in the courthouse for the purpose of making a demon- stration in behalf of Smith O'Brien, John Mitchel and other Irish exiles and prisoners. Thomas Egan was chairman and Phillip Hogan, vice president; and Edward Burke, secretary. A committee on resolutions was appointed and H. Bright addressed the meeting.
In June, 1852, Mease & Ely opened a new steam flouring mill in Freeport.
A terrific storm passed through Oneco Township in June, 1852, blowing down John Sheckard's barn, tore up trees, scattered grain and killed hogs, sheep and calves.
ADVERTISING.
J. S. Emmert endeavored to do a little advertising by telegraphy, the line being expected from Rockford any day in 1851. His ad was headed :
BY TELEGRAPH.
The news came by telegraph this morning. The man who catches lightning from the wires, was dazzled by its brightness. When he recovered his vision, he saw "in characters of living light" that the customers of J. S. Emmert will do well, etc.
October 22, 1851, George W. Oyler advertised his Tontine, eating saloon,
, nearly opposite to the Winneshiek House. He served oysters, pig feet, veni- son, tripe, beefsteak, quail, ducks, fish, etc., "in short, everything calculated
170
HISTORY OF STEPHENSON COUNTY
to make a person laugh and grow fat." He adds this: P. S. "Buckwheat cakes at all hours. Persons attending court, call and try my fixin's."
Emmert & Burrell ran a soda fountain in 1854-5.
A Mr. Walker who quarreled with his wife and step-son suicided April, 1855, by jumping into the Pecatonica River.
W. C. Clark took charge of the Clark House June, 1855. It was the old Stephenson House remodeled.
Journal, 1855, June 7: "Freeport receives and sells more merchandise than Rockford and does a better railroad business than Rockford." Our love for Rockford began early.
Shipments from Freeport in 1855 were:
Wheat shipped bu. 347,012
Pork shipped lb. 3,206,808
Potatoes shipped bu.
34,000
Corn shipped bu. 378,758
Oats shipped bu.
113,029
Rye shipped bu.
181,323
Butter shipped 1b.
90,000
Wool shipped 1b. 16,900
The Freeport Union Chorus Society gave a concert at Plymouth Hall De- cember 31, 1855.
Hugh Jones was found frozen to death in Silver Creek Township, January 2, 1856. He was intoxicated and lost his way while returning from Freeport.
The following were elected supervisors, April, 1854:
1 Harlem William Buckley.
West Point M. Lawyer.
Silver Creek .M. Hettinger.
Lancaster V. Hemmenway.
Buckeye .F. Bolender.
Loran G. W. Andrews.
Florence
.L. Lee.
Rock Grove . John Voght.
Waddams Levi Robey.
Rock Run .J. A. Davis.
Oneco Andrew Hines.
Ridott
.G. A. Farwell.
Erin Wm. Goddard. Winslow P. Sweeley.
Freeport A. W. Rice. -
In 1854 the following erected new buildings in Freeport: Judge Farwell, Mar- tin & Karcher, Mitchell & Putnam and E. H. Hyde. The building of the last named gentleman included a public hall.
In February, 1855, a deep snow fell. The Journal says that only four mails were received from the east in two weeks.
The assessed valuation of property in Freeport in 1853 was : Real estate $1,789,904
Personal property 982,096 -
171
HISTORY OF STEPHENSON COUNTY
Rymal & Wilmot employed about 25 men in 1854, manufacturing plows. The annual output was 1,000 plows.
Horace Mann gave two lectures in Freeport under the auspices of the Liter- ary Institute, March 21, 1854.
In 1855, N. W. Edwards, the first superintendent of schools, made a tour of inspection of schools in Stephenson County.
The Journal, September 2, 1852, gives great praise to the Teacher's Insti- tute held at the Union school.
The Journal, 1855, October 25, announces the law partnership formed by T. J. Turner and H. C. Burchard, "the late popular principal of the Union school." The Journal paid Mr. Burchard a high compliment and prophesied his success at the bar.
ADVERTISING.
Emmert & Bastress employed literary genius in placing before the public their new cleaning preparation in October, 1859, as follows:
"Awake snakes and come to judgment, Glad tidings of great joy !"
Bring on your dirty clothes and have the filthy scum of human impurities rinsed and soaked out of them with one half the usual labor. Old worn-out superannuated washer-woman: Ye wives of dirty husbands! Yes, even those beautiful and simpering creatures whose pretty fingers are altogether unac- customed to the drudgery of cleansing dirty clothes. Wake up and rejoice in the hour of your deliverance from servile drudgery. Emmert & Bastress have on hand and for sale what they call "Renovating Mixture," etc., etc.
December 5, 1849, Journal ad :
"The Hewes of Buena Vista !! Adam Franz and Old Jack !!! Have entered into a copartnership to do Blacksmithing business on Galena street."
In the October Ioth issue of the Journal, 1849, the following ad was in- serted :
TEACHER WANTED.
A person well qualified to teach in the common school will find employment for the coming winter by applying soon. Inquire of Jared Sheetz, James Hart or George Miller. Directors of District No. 2, five miles west of Freeport.
In October, 1849, J. H. Schlott and Jacob Stibgen began the manufacture of the J. C. Miller & Co. grain drills at Freeport. The drill was a two horse simple affair and sowed five rows.
Crane & Co.'s circus exhibited in town last Tuesday, said the Journal, August 8, 1849.
Journal, August 15, 1849: "Somebody has sheared the mane and tail of Mr. Jones' horse, whereas. Friend Carpenter comes down on the whigs like thou- sand brick. If true it is contemptible, but not half as contemptible as trying to make a neighborhood quarrel out of politics."
-
172
HISTORY OF STEPHENSON COUNTY
PIONEER EDUCATION.
With the pioneers of northern Illinois, the establishment of schools was a natural process. A large number of the settlers of Stephenson County from 1833 to 1835, were from New England, New York and Pennsylvania. Many of them were graduates of academies and seminaries of the east. They came west because of the greater opportunities. Cheap land meant to them large farms and a competence. But they brought with them the wilds of Stephenson County, that which could not be lost, the culture and inspiration of those east- ern schools. No sooner were the log cabin homes built and a small clearing made, than these people set to work with willing hands, to build the log school house. It was by studied plan or new thought that public schools sprang up in the county-it was the natural spontaneous activity of a people who themselves had had the advantages of an education. Like the church, the school was brought here and established by the settlers.
Many of the settlers came from Virginia, Kentucky, and North Carolina. Some for a time had remained in Southern Indiana and Illinois. These set- tlers, while they had not been so familiar with the free public school idea, yet had had the benefit of the system of private instruction prevailing in the South. So they, too, were in favor of education. All over the county were a number of strong families from Old England, and large colonies of German people from the Fatherland. These people in different ways modified the educational spirit sentiment of the county.
With such a population from New England, New York, Pennsylvania, and the South, from Old England and Germany, education could not fail to make progress.
The sparsely settled country, panics and the "Internal Improvement" blunder that almost bankrupted the state and made necessary heavy taxes, hindered edu- cational progress. In 1844, the legislature made a start in the right direction and ยท passed additional legislation in 1847, 1849 and 1851. In 1855, an educational measure was passed that comprised all the essential features of former measures and included new features among which was "the sovereign rights of the state to levy and collect a sufficient tax from real estate and personal property to be expended in providing its youth a common school education."
In a state that squandered millions on wildcat internal improvements, there was strong opposition to this measure for public taxation for schools. A vig- orous attempt was made to have the law repealed, but all attempts failed. These state laws marked the beginning of the end of the "subscription school." A voluntary subscription school was not broad enough in its foundation for the basis of a school system of a great state. Such a system taxed the well to do, if they had children, heavier than the present scheme, and made education pro- hibitive to the children of the poor. Besides, in a school maintained by volun- tary subscription month by month, the very existence of the school often de- pended on the "catering" of the teacher to the whims and prejudices and jeal- ousies of the subscribers who withdrew support if the school was not run to suit them. This happened occasionally and school stopped in the middle of the
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.