USA > Illinois > Edwards County > History of the English settlement in Edwards County, Illinois : founded in 1817 and 1818, by Morris Birkbeck and George Flower > Part 26
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371
APPENDIX.
House of Representatives, that had in a fortnight's time to defend its existence from two dynasties, the latest of which was supported by the armed forces of Europe. A new and very different assembly is now convened, of which I am a member. I beg you to present my best compliments to Monsieur Birkbeck.
Believe me, my dear sir, your very sincere friend,
LAFAYETTE.
Monsieur GEORGE FLOWER, Marsden, near Hertford, England.
LETTER OF LAFAYETTE TO GEORGE FLOWER. LAGRANGE, April 16th, 1816.
My Dear Sir :- Your letter, directed Rue d'Anjou, has not yet reached me. The one to LaGrange is just received. I hasten to answer it. Sure as I am that you shall be highly pleased with the United States, and that the approbation will be reciprocal, I can not but approve your intended plan. Yet I much lament not to have the pleasure once more to welcome you at LaGrange before your leaving Europe. You would find me in a state of retirement still more rigid than when I was gratified with your and Mr. Birkbeck's visit, but hitherto determined to remain upon this ground. Should I depart from it, America would, of course, be the direction for me. Happy, indeed, I would be to meet you on that blessed land.
Inclosed is my letter to Mr. Jefferson. I would have added a. few more to my friends at Washington and other parts of the United States, had I not reflected that I must first insure the safe arrival of the one you are now expecting.
The post communication not being so regular as might be wished, I shall only send these lines, but if your departure was deferred, will be at your disposition for any thing you may desire. I can not be more agreeably gratified by my friends than in the attention they will pay, the advice and civilities they may offer to you, my dear sir. You will find a great number of French citizens have arrived in the United States; some by proscription, many more from choice. Upon those subjects I refrain from expatiating, as my first object is to convey the introductory lines to Monticello, and to offer the most affectionate wishes for your happy voyage.
372
APPENDIX.
My family are much obliged to your kind remembrance, and beg their best regards be presented to you. Be pleased to remember us to our friend Monsieur Birkbeck. Let me know when this answer has reached you, and believe me, with the most sincere attachment, yours, LAFAYETTE.
Our friends in Vignon are well. I shall let them know your kind inquiries about them, and forward your compliments.
Monsieur GEORGE FLOWER, Marsden, near Hertford, Angleterre.
LETTER OF ROBERT OWEN TO REV. MR. RAPP. NEW LANARK, 4 August, 1820.
The Rev. Mr. RAPP.
Most worthy Sir :- Having heard much of your Society, and feeling a peculiar interest respecting it, I am induced to open a correspondence with you, in the expectation of procuring a correct account of your establishment.
My first attention was called to it by some travels published in America by a Mr. Mellish, who in I81I visited the original settlement near to Pittsburgh, and who gave many details which, to me, appeared to promise many future advantages. You have since had an opportunity of creating a second settlement, under the full benefit of the experience derived from the first, and the particulars of the result of these two experiments would be of real value to me, in order to ascertain the positive inconveniences which arise from changes to society from a state of private to public property, under the peculiar circumstances by which your colonies have been surrounded.
If you can furnish me with any authentic, printed or manu- script, statement of the rise, progress, and present state of Harmony, you would confer upon me a very particular obligation.
The gentleman who conveys this letter will perhaps have the goodness to take charge of them and bring them to England. Should this be inconvenient to him, any parcel addressed for me to New Lanark, North Britain, and forwarded to Mr. Quincy Adams, the secretary of state for the American home depart- ment, would, I have no doubt, come safe.
There is a colony here of about 2400 persons, whom I have
373
APPENDIX.
already placed under new circumstances, preparatory to a still more improved arrangement, from which incalculable advantages to all classes may be expected. I am now in the midst of preparing a further development of the system I have in view, and it will give me pleasure to send you a copy of it, the earliest opportunity after it shall be ready. In the mean time I send you copies of such works as I have already published, which I request you to accept. I am, sir, your most obedient
ROBERT OWEN.
LETTER OF WILLIAM OWEN TO GEORGE FLOWER.
My Dear Sir :- I am happy to say that my father arrived here safe and well this morning from Mount Vernon, where he arrived late last night per steamer WVm. Penn, which has gone on with a load to Nashville. My father being anxious to lose as little time as possible, has determined, as you will perceive by the enclosed notice, to hold a meeting this day week. Will you give it all the publicity you conveniently can. Three gentlemen, who are, I believe, forming an establishment at Cincinnati, arrived with him, and we expect several here with whom he settled while on his tour. I have given the bearer a note for Mr. Birkbeck, enclosing a notice of the proposed meeting; as I understand he has never been at Wanborough, I will trouble you to forward the note thither, if convenient, with the least possible delay.
I hope Mrs. G. F. is quite well; also your father, and our other friends. My father begs to be remembered to you all.
In haste, truly yours, WM. OWEN.
Harmony, Wednesday.
LETTER OF D. MACDONALD. NEW HARMONY, 12th May, 1824.
My Dear Sir: - Several of your neighbors came here to join the Society during Mr. Owen's absence, but the committee determined not to receive any more persons for a few days, that they might have time to arrange such as had already joined. We, however, promised to let them know after Mr. Owen's return, whether they were accepted. Mr. Owen returned last
374
APPENDIX.
evening, and now takes the opportunity of Dr. Spring, to request you will, if convenient, and if you think the following persons, or any of them, would be good and useful members, to inform them that they may join :
Mrs. OLIVE JOHNSON.
Mr. and Mrs. CRADOCK.
Capt. HUSTON.
Mr. PHILIP B. MILES (is his lameness not objectionable).
Mr. BONHLEY.
Mr. and Mrs. WARRINGTON (after four months of sober life).
Mr. WILLIAM WILKINSON, bricklayer.
As we have a number of families offering their services, and many not very effective, it is not advisable to take any of the foregoing, unless you consider them likely to be immediately useful and valuable members. Of course, you will consider this letter private, and such as you can not recommend I trust you will inform, that at present we have so many applicants that we are obliged to postpone their reception till a future opportunity.
I hope Mrs. Gregory, your children, Mr. and Mrs. Flower, and the rest of your family are well. Pray give my best respects to them, and believe me, sincerely yours, D. MACDONALD .*
* The captivating theories of Mr. Robert Owen attracted many distin- guished people, not only from Europe, but all parts of the United States, to New Harmony. Among these was the Scotchman, D. Macdonald, who, on his return to his own country, became Lord of the Isles and Earl of Skye.
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
A.
PAGE.
Abington, Virginia, .
43
Academy of Sciences, French, 370
Acclimation, 336
Achilles, ship, 95
African Colonization,
15, 267
Africans,
219, 220, 221, 259, 272
Alabama,
185 43
Albemarle County, Virginia,
Albion, 9, 13, 15, 32, 99, 101, 116, 118, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 133, 134, 135, 136, 139, 143, 145, 147, 148, 149, 153, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 184, 212, 246, 264, 277, 278, 282, 283, 289, 290, 293, 307, 316, 317, 318, 325, 326, 329, 330, 334, 339, 340.
Court-house at, + Peculiarities of, 329-30
133, 14I
in 1812 and 1860, 329-30
246 Vote on Convention,
Alleghanies, . 90, 91, 103
Alton,
206
America,
25, 30, 48, 66, 118, 163, 257, 259, 361
26
Atlantic Ocean,
84, 88, 104, 120
Augersville, 370
Australia,
27, 48, 118, 358 . 91, 102
Avignon,
23, 43
B.
Backwoodsmen leave the country, 184
Ball-Hill Prairie, 246
Bamstead,
Baltimore, 155, 271, 303, 361 147
Baptist services,
170-I
Barrens of Ohio, 34
Bastile, 368
America, ship,
Ave Maria, ship,
376
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
PAGE.
Batavia, Illinois,
202
Bath, England, 366, 367 .
Bears, 308
Beaver,
59, 357, 358
Bignon, 369
Birk's Prairie,
Birmingham, England,
65, 66, 67, 155 129
Birkbeck, Morris, Jr. (see Personal Index), agrees to enter land, 73-4
Anti-Slavery services (see Letters on Slavery), . . 13-4 appointed Secretary-of-State of Illinois, but is not confirmed, 25, 247-8 burial-place of, 358 ·
death of,
115, 255-6
descendants of, .
. 358
early life of, 19-20
education and mental taste,
. 19, 20, 23, 25
embarks for America,
26
erects temporary buildings for settlers,
100
family,
farm at Wanborough, England, .
11 1 1 = given up, 97-9
11
= profits of, .
97-9
father, 19
at fifty, . 21
founds Wanborough, Illinois, 116, 130
Illinois' indebtedness to,
12
letter to Mr. Pope concerning extension of time of payment on lands, S2-3 letters on Slavery, 209 45
lives in Princeton, Indiana,
. 56, 72, 84
man of great ability, 12
meets Mr. Flower at Richmond, 47
mentioned in letters addressed to George Flower, 362, 363, 364, 365, 367, 368, 371, 372, 373.
non-residents, unwilling to invest for, 350
Pope's, Gov., reply to a letter from, . SI-2
portrait of 16
proposes to Miss Andrews, 55-6
receives funds from England, 97
receives visit from Edward Coles, 24
publishes " Notes of a Journey in America," 91, 92-3
" Notes of a Journey through France, " 24
11 with George Flower, pamphlet to emigrants, 194
11 "Supplementary letter to British emigrants, " 178
religious sentiments, 25, 26, 177 9 religious training, 19, 21
47-8
20
.
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
377
Birkbeck, Morris, Jr., remains in America, .
73-4
searches for Illinois prairies with Mr. Flower, 60
subscription toward founding the English Settlement, 99
temperate habits, 21-2
variance with Mr. Flower, 109, 112-5
visits France with Mr. Flower, 23-4
widower, a .
21
Blacks, free, outrages upon in Illinois, 249-50, 260-5, 268-9
11 no educational advantages for in Illinois, 340
It outrages upon in New Orleans, 269
Black laws of Illinois, 13
Black soldiers in War of 1812,
266
Blooded stock,
100, 160, 278, 305, 317, 318
Bois-brulé,
59
Boltenhouse Prairie, . 63, 74, 75, 99, 124, 125, 157 198
Bond County,
Bonpas Creek, . 11, 126, 133, 266, 334
Boone County,
11, 170
Boston,
320
Botanical Gardens at Avignon, 23-4 361
Botley, England,
Bourg La Reine, 369
Brick-kiln, . 133 .
Bristol, England,
. 96, 99, 102, 147, 190, 367
British and Foreign School Society, .
363
Government discourages emigration,
195
prejudices against the, 68-9
Buckinghamshire, 316
Buffalo, the, .
59, 357, 358
Busro, Ind., Shaker Settlement at,
57-8
Butter, five cents a pound,
298
C.
California,
165, 170, 187
Cambridge, Massachusetts,
361
Cambridgeshire, England, IOI
Campbellite's services, . 171-2
Camp-meeting,
173-7
Canada,
10, 11, 27, 320
Canadian French, 73
Cane in its natural state,
62
Cape of Good Hope, 27
Carlyle, town of, 163 . Carmi, 108-9, 119, 141, 142, 186, 253, 260, 265, 290, 292, 293
PAGE.
378
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
PAGE.
Carolina, 185, 189, 230
Carroll County, 170
Castor-oil, manufacture of, 136
Cattinet, the French Settlement,
Chambersburgh, 58-9, 110
90-1, 103, 104
Champaign County,
II
Channel, the
91,92
Isles, .
94
Charleston, S. C.,
189
Chicago,
fire,
7, 9, 16, 77
Historical Society, 7, 9, 14, 15, 16, 76-7, So
Chickasaw nation, 40
Chillicothe, . 34, 35
Choctaw nation, 40
Cincinnati, 34, 35, 36, 50, 51, 102, 108, 109, 153, 157, 158, 339, 373
Clark County, 11, 198
Clay County,
II
Clergymen of English Church, 325-8
Clock-peddler, 328
Cochocton, 34
Coffee Island,
73
Coles County,
II
Coles, Edward (see Personal Index), appoints Mr. Birkbeck secretary- of-state, 25, 247
emancipates his slaves, its consequences, 249-50
father and brothers, 43
governor of Illinois, 25, 247
letter to Mr. Birkbeck, 248
minister to Russia, 24
pardons a murderer, 138-40
signs free papers for black emigrants, 267
205
Columbia, ship, 147
Communities retain characteristics of founders, · 17 9
Congress, 58, 76, 77, 80, 81, 82, 163, 169, 186
land, price of, 290 ·
Cook County, 11, 12
Connecticut, 184
Cornwall, England,
73, 94, 153, 163, 165
Cotton growing,
333
Court, first, at Albion, 141
Court-house and jail, 133
Courts and circuit-court riding, 133
"Sketch of Edward Coles,"
I ]
INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 379
Crawford County,
Crops, Illinois, . Cumberland County, Cutthroats and robbers, .
PAGE. 1I, 187, 198 304
II
40-2
D.
Dead Man's Shoal, 106
Deer,
59, 119
DeKalb County,
Delaware, 208, 217
. 366
Derbyshire, England,
155, 158
Devonshire, England,
.
163, 165, 166
DeWitt County,
II
Dick's River,
37
Discovers and founders of settlements, fate of, 273-4
Ditching, advantages of 359
1 1
Du Page County,
E.
Eastern cities, 152, 168, 277
man, settlers,
187-8, 260
states, 53, 184, 338 trip, ISIS, time and expense of 302-3
Edgar County,
Edgeworth Institute, I35
Edwards County, 9, 10, 12, 114, 138, 159, 169, 198, 202, 206, 331, 345-S 346-8 agricultural fairs,
counties formed out of, . IO
county-seat moved to Albion, 138
educational statistics, 1858, 345-6
representative,
159
state of county affairs,
331
Edwardsville, . 206, 247, 248, 249
II
Effingham County,
79
Electra, ship, 150 ·
59, 293, 357-8
Elk, Emerald Isle, 94
Emigrants, first parties, 95-7, 99-10I
Emigration, blessings of, 79 .
England, 25, 48, 79, 83, 85, 92, 93, 94, 101, 113, 119, 146, 149, 156, 157, 160, 165, 190, 195, 212, 257, 259, 274, 279, 316, 324, 325, 356, 358, 361, 363, 364, 368.
English,
. 13, 69, 188-9, 265
Egyptian bondage,
Denmark,
380
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
PAGE.
English Channel,
91, 92
farmers, 77
farm-laborers, success of
289 -90, 314
Settlement in Edwards County, attacks upon 168, 191-6 Mr. Birkbeck's subscription to .
99
blooded stock in 100, 160, 278, 305, 317, 318 books referring to 318-9, 328
cotton raised in 333
county-fairs in . 346-S
court and court-house in 138, 141
discomforts of settlers in
100, IIO-1, 121, 124-5
distance between cabins in
293
emigration recommences to
287-9
extent of
354
farming profits in
304, 313
founding
13, 116, 130
off highways of travel, .
191
land in, gradually taken up,
350
lawyers who visited
290-3
manuscript history of
9
marriage certificates, early
312
mechanics, early 129 .
murders in 138-9, 277-8
outrages upon blacks in
260-1, 263-4
peach raising in
305
peculiarities of
330
physicians in, early
332
pork raised in
317
public library in
328
religious teachers in, early .
167-79
schools and school-houses in 337-43
settlers, characteristics of 161
!! classes of 289, 314
earliest
95, 108, 128-38
= early . . 142-66, 184-90, 316, 318
= places of nativity, . 94, 103, 166, 167, 189-91, 316-7
11 ports at which they arrived, IS9
site determined upon, 73-4
temperate habits of settlers in 335
tradesmen, early
135-7
visited by tourists, 3IS_28
vote in, upon convention question, 246 wolves and panthers in . 308-9
social life, 22
38 1
English unable to picture to themselves Illinois life, truly
93
Enniscorthy, 43
Establishment, rural
371
Episcopal services,
. 169-70, 171.2
Essex, England, 48
Europe,
. 112, 163, 361
Evansville, Indiana,
. 101, 145, 163, 186
F.
Falls of the Big Wabash, II
Far West, 59
Farming in America, profits of 313
in England, profits of 97-9
Fayette County, 11, 198
Fleet prison, 274
Flower, George (see Index of Persons), African colonization scheme, 14, 265-70 age in 1817, 48
ancestors, 315-6
and Miss Eliza Andrews, afterward Mrs. Flower, 48
at seventy-four, . 359
attends inauguration of President Monroe, 45
builds cabins for settlers, 124
burial place of
IO
Chicago Tribune, extract from
12
correspondents of (see letters)
9, 14
crosses the Wabash, 63
death of 9-10, 14-5
death of his brother William, 131
descends Ohio River in an "Ark," 106_8
determines with Mr. Birkbeck upon place for settlement, · 73-4
describes camp-meetings, 173-7
103
embarks for America, 30, 100_1
" "! England, . .
91
established at Princeton, Indiana, 56
evening of his life, 14, 359-60
father of (see Flower, Richard) 26
finds Capt. Birk's at last, 66-7
finds Mrs. Flower a noble woman, 122-3
first experiences in new home, IIO, III, 122
foray with pro-slavery mob, . 264 gets to Big-Prairie, 64-5
goes half-a-mile for water, IIO
hears from Mr. Birkbeck, 109
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
PAGE.
drives from Philadelphia to Pittsburgh in carriage, .
382
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
PAGE.
Flower, George, horseback rides into interior of Illinois,
297-8, 301
" trip eastward, 86_91
hospitality of __ 13
hospitality of Mrs. Gen. Harrison to 51
husbandry upon improved scale, .. 13
Illinois, indebtedness of, to services in slavery struggle of 1823, 7, 12, 13 joined by Mr. Fordham, 109
joins Mr. Birkbeck at Richmond, Va., 47
journeying westward, first time, with party, 49-74
invited to visit Monticello, - 32
lays out the town of Albion, 125-9
leaves Mrs. Flower at Chambersburgh,
91
leaves Settlement in 1849,
125-9, 358-9
legal difficulties with neighbors,
- - 275
letter from William Cobbett to
11 Count de Lasteyrie,
11 Abbé Gaultier to
364
- Gen. Lafayette to
363, 370_1
D. Macdonald to
373
11 Madam O'Connor to
367
= William Owen to
373
= A. H. Tessier to - - 370
life imperilled, 35, 37, 40-2, 91.2, 262
IIO_1
lost in the rain,
298
lost on his way to Pittsburgh,
33
makes a comfortable house for father,
133
makes a will, 84
12
marries Miss Andrews, 56
116
meets, for the first time, Edward Coles,
= Mrs. Flower with babe at Chambersburgh, 104
11 Gen. Jackson, 39
11 Gen. Ripley, 39
11 President Madison, 45
mother of 315
motives for immigration,
13
moves to Mount Vernon, Indiana. 123
murder of his son Richard, 277-8
non-residents, unwilling to invest for 350
outrages upon, on account of friendship toward blacks, 260-5
passes through Cattinet, 58-9
pays just wages, -- - . 163.
361
361, 362, 365
log-cabin and first meals of
man of great ability, a
mediates between Mr. and Mrs. Hanks,
45
383
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
PAGE.
Flower, George, pecuniary difficulties of - - 14, 358-9
portrait of 16
president of railway, 335
provisions with difficulty obtained by __ 123
published, with Mr. Birkbeck, a pamphlet "To Emigrants," 194
publishes " Errors of Emigrants," 181
11 letter in Lowell Courier, 187
puts Mr. Birkbeck's "Notes upon a Journey to America " in hands of publishers, 91, 93
reaches Long-Prairie, 73
resides at Princeton, Indiana,
S4
returns, for a time, to England,
73-4
returns to Princeton,
72
rides to Lexington,
131
searches for the prairies, with Mr. Birkbeck,
60
sees Indians,
52
sends colony to Hayti, - - 265-70
122, 262
and Mr. Sloo,
50, 51
social life in Illinois of
305-7
32
spends a day at Busro,
56_8
stops at Shawneetown,
IOS
Vincennes, .-
52-3
suffers from sea-sickness,
92
takes Mrs. Flower east with him,
85
temperate habits of
275_6
thought a visionary,
303
tribute to memory of, by Rev. William Barry,
13-5
11 by Chicago Historical Society,
15.6
109, 112-5
variance with Mr. Birkbeck, at, cause, visits Cincinnati,
35
11 Coles family, 43
= Thomas Jefferson at Monticello, 43-4
11
11 at Poplar Forest, 43
11 France with Mr. Birkbeck, 23-4
11
Neave family, 36
= New Harmony, 60.2
= Dr. Priestly, 32
11 Gov. Shelby, 37
11 mammoth cave, 38-9
visited by distinguished travelers, 318_26 writes history of the English Settlement in Edwards County, 9, 14 writes to Jefferson concerning land-grant, gets reply, 76_So
sickness of
11 " Philadelphia of
384
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
PAGE.
Flower, Mrs. George (see Personal Index) adventure with panther, 308-9
accompanies Mr. Flower on journeys in Illinois, 297-8, 301
aids in rescuing child from well, __ 153
babe born to, at Chambersburgh, 104
burial-place of
io
characteristics of
122-3
death of
9.10
decides at first to remain at Princeton,
84
disliked by a woman because English born,
69
evening of life of - 359-60
goes east with husband,
85-91
life imperilled,
90
maiden name of
48
mentioned in letters addressed to husband,
373, 374
nurses sick,
122
portrait of
16
resides at Chambersburgh during husband's visit to England,
90_I
refuses Morris Birkbeck,
55
Flower, Richard (see Personal Index),
26
an anti-slavery man,
25
builds tavern and other buildings at Albion,
134-5
characteristics of
314-5
death of
314
hospitality at Park House of
104
house attacked by pro-slavery mob,
263
Illinois indebtedness to
12
interest in Albion,
'183
lives at Lexington, Kentucky,
102, 131
Marden his English estate,
26
11 = sold,
104
moves to Albion, . -
134, 159
negotiates the sale of New Harmony,
61, 279
Park House, the Illinois residence of
131
preaches at Albion,
171
wife of
315_6
Fort Madison, Iowa,
170
Snelling, - -
320
St. Anthony, -
320
Founders of colonies, losses and gains of
354-7
Fox River,
115
Fox-River Township,
226
Foxe's " Book of Martyrs,"
315
France,
23-4, 27, 28, 59, 79, 361, 363, 364
. .
visits Busro, - -
57
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
385
PAGE.
Frederickstown, Mo.,
IO
Free-school system, advantages of
344-5
Free-states,
Free-thinking christians, 208 320 French,
Canadians,
58-9, 78, 141, 162, 371 72, 73, 1IO
Creek Prairie,
307
Institute,
371
Settlement on Tombigbee, 78
Friends, the
IS, 19, 25, 36, 147, 148
Fulton County,
206
G.
Galena,
170, 187
Congressional District, __
187
lead mines,
321
Gallatin County, saline,
198_200, 225
Georgia, -
217, 230 61, 78, 137, 279, 281, 316 367
Gibson County, Indiana,
56
Girondins,
369 190 9, 10, 99, 136, 155, 157, 266
Great Britain,
76, 77, 238, 280 226-7
Great Wabash,
11, 53, 73, 130, 279
Greene County,
198 II
Grundy County,
169
Gulf of Mexico,
189
Gwathway's Hotel, Louisville,
320
H.
Hammersmith, England, 99
Harmonie (see New Harmony),
61
Harmony, Pa., 34, 62
Hatton Garden, London,
96
Havre, 367
Hayti,
14, 265, 268, 270, 271, 272
colonization scheme,
14, 265-72
discouraged,
271_2
Hazle Hill,
99
Hebrews,
221
25
IO, II, 170, 253, 291, 292
Germans,
Germany,
Glamorganshire, Wales,
Grayville,
uneasiness felt by the agriculturalists of
Guernsey, island of
386
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
PAGF.
Hertford,
364, 365, 368, 372
Hertfordshire, England,
13, 26, 157, 193, 315, 361
Horseback traveling, 85-7, 295-8, 301
House of Commons, England, 235
Hudson Bay Company,
320
Hunter-class, disappearance of 184
Hunting (see also elk, buffalo, deer, etc. ), 308.10
I.
Illinois, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 38, 48, 51, 53, 56, 59, 60, 61, 63, 71, 73, 77, 92, 101, 104, 105, 106, 162, 187, 192, 196, 209, 210, 213, 215, 234, 240, 245, 256, 261, 359. admitted as free state, - - 227-9
congressman's district,
120
efforts to introduce slavery into
13-4, 197-247
Gazette, 207, 210, 216, 224, 235, 242
Governors,
187, 205, 206, 247
120_1
in 1812,
224, 226, 244
judges of U. S. court in
170
legislature in 1820_22,
184, 202-5 206
" Monthly Magazine,"
292 198
northern,
northwestern circuit in 1841-42,
170
southern,
76
prairies,
11 ignorance of, - -
36, 38, 58, 63
Republican, - - 219
slavery in -
198_200, 253-4 202
So territorial delegate, U. S. senator, - - 205 India, 103
Indiana, 11, 14, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 76, 125, 169, 192, 209, 261, 262, 263, 294. 71
Indian mound, - - 34, 35, 52, 59, 63, 66, 68, 73, 263, 357-8 Indians,
294
as wrestlers,
Intemperance among pioneers (see also temperate habits of English settlers) 72, 138, 142, 251, 252, 265, 276, 348
Iowa,
Ireland, - - 170
91, 94, 158, 369 II
Iroquois County,
Intelligencer, . - 81
legislative council in 1816-18,
and Michigan Canal,
180
supreme court,
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
387
PAGE.
Israelites and slavery, - -
220_I
J.
Jamaica, island of
137, 158
Jasper County,
II
Jefferson County,
11
town of
35
Joe Daviess County,
170
K.
Kane County,
II
Kankakee County,
II
Kaskaskia,
120, 184
River,
163
Kelshall, England,
315
Kendall County, Ohio,
34
Kennebec County, Maine, 169
Kent,
144
Kentucky, 36, 38, 57, 58, 76, 173, 199, 210, 211, 213, 215, 216, 291
L.
LaGrange, France,
363, 364
Lake County,
1 1
Lanark, Scotland,
279
Land, government, price of
11 unable to get extension of time of payment for, 75, So
advantages in gradual taking up of
350
LaSalle County, II
La Villette's Ferry,
70, 72, 73, 74
Lawrence County,
11, 198
Lawrenceville,
298
Lee County, - -
170
Leicestershire, England,
144
Lexington, Ky.,
36, 102, 104, 131, 159, 278
Lincoln County, Ky.,
36
Lincolnshire, England,
. - 162, 166, 2SS 169
Litchfield, Maine,
Little Wabash,
70, 71, 126, 130, 149, 265, 334 366-7
Liverpool, England,
30, 92, 100, 156
Livingston County, II
Log-cabins, description and price of
129-30
disappearance of 330
Lithographic establishment,
211
office, Shawneetown, recently opened, 1818, 51
1I
388
INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
PAGE.
London, 24, 54, 81, 92, 94, 97, 99, 101, 105, 122, 135, 137, 150, 156, 157,
189, 289, 303, 320, 362, 364, 365, 366.
Long-Prairie, - - 73
Lost child, 307-8
Louisville, Ky., -- 97, 102, 104, 109, 181, 201, 320
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