USA > Indiana > Wayne County > Directory and soldiers' register of Wayne County, Indiana, 1865 > Part 72
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PETERSBURG, VA.
rebels was repulsed. The enemy made an- other desperate charge, compelling Hancock to withdraw his troops. The rebels lost 2,000 in killed and prisoners.
IRONTON, GA.
September Ist the rebels were beaten by one battery was blown up. The federals now Sherman at this place, capturing 10 guns and opened upon the rebel lines with 150 guns, and 1,000 prisoners. When Hood took command rushed to the assault. Thrice were our troops of the rebel army, it is supposed that his forces numbered 46,000 men. It is estimated that in the battles of the 20th, 22d and 28th of August he lost nearly half this number.
JOHN MORGAN KILLED.
On the 7th of September a force of 2,000 rebels was defeated at Readyville, Tenn.
MARTINSBURG AND VICINITY, VA. On Sabbath, September 18th, Gen. Gor- Gen. Averill's corps at Martinsburg and was defeated. On the 19th a battle was fought by Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley, re-
On the 15th of August, the rebel Gen. sulting in a complete victory over the rebel Wheeler was repulsed at Dalton, Ga. forces of Gen. Early, who was driven from
457
RECORD OF BATTLES-1864-5.
the field in confusion, retreating to Fisher's Hill. He was again attacked by Sheridan on the 23d, and the position which had been regarded as impregnable was taken, together with 12 guns, and from 1,000 to 2,000 pris- oners. Rebel loss during both battles, sup- posed to be over 10,000. Generals Rhodes and Goodwin of the rebel army were killed. General David R. Russel of the Union army was among the killed of the nationals.
Sheridan now fell back to Woodstock, fearing for his long line of communications. This campaign involved the loss to the rebels of 2,000 barns filled with wheat, hay and farming utensils, 70 mills filled with flour and wheat, and the capture of 4,000 head of cattle and many horses. On his retreat to Woodstock, he was oveataken by a rebel cav- alry force under Gen. Rosser. Gen. Sheri- dan attacked the column, October 9th, and gained a vetiory, in which 300 prisoners were taken, and Rosser driven at break-neck speed more than 25 miles.
ALLATOONA, GA.
This point was attacked by Hood, Oct. 5th. The position was in command of Gen. Corse, who would probably have been beaten, but for the timely arrival of Gen. Sherman, when Hood began a hasty retreat. The fed- eral loss was some 700 out of 1,700. Therebels lost 200 killed and 1,000 wounded and priso- ners.
CEDAR CREEK.
Sheridan was attacked at Cedar Creek on the 19th of October. The General was fif- teen miles from the front, at which the at- tack was made, at the time. This fact was oners, 13 locomotives, 190 cars and 3 steamers. doubtless the cause for the seeming success FORT FISHER, N. C. which attended the first assault. Our forces lost 20 pieces of artillery; but Sheridan arriv- On the 25th of December a combined at- tack of the army and navy was made upon Fort Fisher, under Gen.'s Butler and Weit- zel. The assault was repulsed. ing about noon, under whose command the line was re-formed, and his presence inspiring confidence, when Early made the second attack, he was completely repulsed. Gen. BEVERLY, VA. Sheridan now became the attacking party, and the rebels were driven from the field, losing 50 pieces of cannon.
THE REBEL RAM ALBEMARLE.
The rebel ram Albemarle was destroyed by Lieut. Cushing, on the 3d of Nov. On the same day the rebel Gen. Hood made an at- tempt to cross the Tennessee River, but was repulsed by Gen. Slocum.
SOUTH SIDE R. R.
FRANKLIN, TENN.
On the 30th of November Franklin, Tenn., being occupied by Union troops under Gen. Schofield, was attacked by the rebels under Hood. They were repulsed with great slaughter.
FORT McALLISTER, GA.
On the 13th of December Fort McAllis- ter, commanding the approach to Savannah by the sea, was taken by storm.
NASHVILLE, TENN.
An important battle was fought before Nash- ville on the 15th and 16th of December, Gen. Thomas commanding the Union troops, and Hood of the rebels. The latter were badly whipped. The rebel loss is put down at 5,000 killed and wounded, and 1,000 priso- ners; Union loss, 2,500. During this cam- paign against Nashville of 20 days, Hood lost 9.000 killed and wounded, and 10,000 prisoners. Six generals killed, six wounded and six captured.
SALTVILLE, VA.
On the 20th of December the rebels under Gen. Breckinridge were defeated at Saltville, and the large salt works completely de- stroyed; 845 men captured, 2,000 horses and 1,000 mules.
SAVANNAH, GA.
On the 21st of December Sherman entered this important rebel city and took possession of it. With the city was also captured 150 heavy guns, 25,000 bales of cotton, 800 pris-
On the 11th of January the garrison at Beverly, Va., was attacked by the rebels un- der Gen. Rosser. The town and a large por- tion of the force that defended it, fell into the hands of the rebels.
FORT FISHER, N. C.
The capture of this fort was accomplished on the 15th of January. The expedition consisted of both land and naval forces, and was under the command of Gen. Terry and Admiral Porter. The attack commenced
The army of the Potomac had a hotly- contested engagement, Nov. 29th, in the on the 13th, and the bombardment con- vicinity of the South Side R. R. The na- tinned over the 14th. The first assault was tional forces were successful, capturing 1,000 made at 3 o'clock P. M. on the 15th. The prisoners. The Union loss was 1,500.
assaulting parties were under Commander Meade then withdrew his army to its former Breese, of the navy, consisting of 1,200 men, possition.
and Gen. Ames, of the land forces, with 3,000
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RECORD OF BATTLES-1864-5.
strong. As the stockade was reached, Lieut.'s with the rebels; one at Aiken, with Wheeler's Reed and Porter fell mortally wounded. cavalry, the rebels being repulsed; another The attack by the naval forces failed, and the on the 10th of March near Fayetteville, with brigade fell back. The assault by Gen. Wade Hampton. In the latter battle, the Ames was more successful; he gained an en- first success appeared to be in favor of the reb- trance from the east side of the fort. A severe els, but they were finally driven from the contest took place, which was maintained field. for eight hours. At 9 o'clock P. M. re-en- MOOR'S CROSS ROADS, N. C. forcements coming in, a final charge was made, which drove the rebels, inducing them
On the 16th a battle was fought at this to surrender. This was a hand to hand fight. point near Averysboro, between Kilpatrick's cavalry force and Johnston's cavalry, lasting
The garrison of 1,900 men was surrendered, 400 having been killed or wounded. Union all day. At night the rebels fell back, aban- loss, military force, 691; navy, 330.
SHERMAN'S OPERATIONS.
doning their line, and uncovering the way for the Union army to advance to Goldsboro.
BENTONVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA.
On the 11th of February, Branchville was occupied by Sherman's forces, the rebels re- On the 18th of March a battle was fought treating to Columbia. On the 17th, as he near Bentonville. Five charges were made approached the latter place, the rebels under by the rebels against the Union lines, which, command of Beauregard evacuated it, and though they had been hastily formed, resisted Sherman at once occupied it. A very de- each successive charge with considerable loss struetive fire occurred here a few days after- to the rebels. At night the rebels retired. wards, supposed to be the work of a rebel On the 20th Sherman attacked the rebel forces incendiary.
CHARLESTON, S. C.
This hot-bed of treason being no longer boro, which had already been occupied by tenable by reason of complete investment by Schofield. General Terry also came up, and U. S. troops, suceumbed to the federal forces the three armies formed a junction on the
February 15th. The evacuation was com- pleted on the 18th, when the city was for- mally surrendered. There remained but about 10,000 or 15,000. persons. Just four years before, Jefferson Davis had been inaugurated president of the so-called Southern Confed- eracy. The siege of the city actually com- menced when General Gilmore landed his
very day appointed by Sherman.
AVERYSBORO, N. C.
On the 22d of March rebel Gen. Hardee was defeated at Averysboro, N. C.
RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.
On the 25th of March General Lee sud- forces on Morris Island, July 10th, 1863, denly attacked General Grant's lines south of the Appomattox. After a severe struggle, WILMINGTON, N. C. the rebels were repulsed with a total loss of 3,000. That of Grant's army was less than 1,000.
This rebel fort was evacuated February 21st, and taken possession of by the federals tured 700 prisoners and 30 guns.
At the same time another battle was in on the 22d,-Washington's birth day. Cap- progress at Hatcher's Run, which continued till 6 o'clock at night, when Grant's line re- CHARLOTTSVILLE, VA. mained unbroken. On the 31st Warren's corps was repulsed at Gravelly Run. On the
On the 2d day of March Sherman fought 1st day of April Sheridan's command gained a battle with Early, resulting in the rout of a victory at Big Five Forks, flanking the the latter, capturing 1,300 prisoners and 11 rebels, and taking 6,000 prisoners.
cannons. Charlottsville was surrendered the next day.
Immediately upon hearing of Sheridan's victory on Saturday, General Grant com- KINSTON, N. C. menced an attack along the whole line in front of Petersburg. So successful was this On the 10th of March General Cox was attack, that the federal forces had possession attacked by Gen. Bragg, near Kinston. A of the entire line of rebel intrenchments from battle was fought, in which Gen. Cox was the the Appomattox above Petersburg, to the victor, compelling Bragg to fall back across river below, by Sabbath night, and the rebels the Neuse, leaving the way open to Kinston,
A
were thereby compelled to abandon Peters- which was occupied by Schofield on the 13th. burg at once. Lee informed Davis that he COLUMBIA AND FAYETTEVILLE. could no longer hold Petersburg, and that Richmond must also be given up. Monday, During Sherman's march from Columbia April 3d, Grant entered Petersburg, and four to Faystteville, two engagements were fought hours afterward General Weitzel, with the
lasting 585 days.
with his whole army, and that night again they retired, and fell back to Smithfield. On the next day, the 21st, Sherman was at Golds-
459
RECORD OF BATTLES-1865.
CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON
RAILROAD,
BETWEEN
CINCINNATI AND CHICAGO,
AND THE
NORTHWEST,
AND
CINCINNATI, TOLEDO AND DETROIT
TWO DAILY EXPRESS TRAINS.
SLEEPING CARS ON NIGHT TRAINS.
SALOON CARS ON DAY TRAINS.
BAGGAGE CHECKED THROUGH.
Through Tickets can be had at all Principal Ticket Offices in the Country.
P. W. STRADER, Gen'l Ticket Agent.
460
RECORD OF BATTLES-1865.
troops that remained upon the north side of ed is set down at 10,000, giving them, in the James, mostly colored, entered Richmond. round numbers at the close of March, an ar- Thus ended the siege of the rebel capital.
On the 4th President Lincoln, together ably double this amount, but not more than with several other distinguished personages, one half the numbbr were brought into ac- who had been stopping at City Point, arrived tion. at Richmond, and were received with great MONTGOMERY, ALA. enthusiasm. It appeared from evidences yet remaining that the rout was complete.
MOBILE.
On the 2d day of April an attack was com- April. menced on the outer defenses of Mobile, by a combined military and naval force. The defenses were captured after a hard and bloody struggle. On the 13th the city was surrendered to Gen. Canby. In all, the reb- els lost about 1,500 killed and wounded, 6,000 prisoners, 150 guns. Maury, the rebel com- mander; succeeded in making his escape with 9,000 men. Union loss 2,000.
JEFFERSON DAVIS.
Upon the evacuation of Richmond, Jeffer- son Davis proceed southward to North Caro- lina, resting at Raleigh. But the events which followed his stampede from his cap- tured capital being so disastrous, he again placed himself in the saddle, and resumed his march southward.
LEE'S RETREAT AND SURRENDER.
The army of Gen. Lee, abandoning Rich- mond and Petersburg, took a westerly course, evidently with the intention of reaching Lynchburg, already intrenched and fortified for its reception. On the morning of the 5th the main body of the rebels had reached Amelia C. H., 47 miles from Richmond. But Sheridan had succeeded by one of his John Gilpin rides in reaching Burksville, fifteen miles farther west, and immediately in the way of Lee's retreat. He sent a brig- ade, which made a successful attack upon the rebel flank. Informing Gen. Grant of the state of things, and Meade ascertaining the position of Lee's army, the 5th and 6th corps were sent upon his retreating columns. A battle was fought at Deatonsville, routing them completely, capturing several thousand prisoners, among whom were Generals Ew- ell, Kershaw aud Custis Lee. Lee now was fairly surrounded. On the 7th Grant having arrived at the point, at once comprehended
my of 70,000. Gen Grant's army was prob-
The first capital of the rebel government followed the example of its successor, and surrendered to Yankee rule on the 12th of
SALISBURY, N. C.
On the 13th of April Gen. Stoneman, of Thomas' department, captured Salisbury, N. C., after a short but sharp encounter. There were 1,400 prisoners taken, and an im- mense quantity of army stores.
April 14th, President Lincoln is assassina- ted by J. Wilkes Booth.
April 15th, Vice President Andrew John- son is inaugurated President of the United States.
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA.
April 16th, after a short but sharp contest, Colubums, Georgia, was captured, with 2,000 rebel prisoners and 70 guns.
On the 4th of May Gen. Dick Taylor sur- rendered to Gen. Canby all his forces, muni- tions of war &c., belonging to the department of the Alabama, Mississippi and east Lou- isiana.
CAPTURE OF JEFF.
May 10th, Jeff. Davis was captured by the Fourth Michigan and First Wisconsin Cav- alry, near Irwinsville, Georgia. He was dis- guised as a woman.
LAST DITCH.
On the 13th of May a skirmish took place between a small body of men under Colonel Barnett and some rebels who had been en- camped near Brazas, in the western part of Texas. In this skirmish several were killed on both sides. This, we believe, was the last fighting done by the rebels as an organized force, and is consequently supposed to be the last ditch.
There yet remained a considerable body of the condition of affairs, and summoned Lee to rebels under Kirby Smith west of the Missis- surrender. After some correspondence upon sippi river. After the surrender of Lee and the conditions, the remnant of the rebel army Johnson, desertions were so numerous that of "Northern Virginia," was surrendered to he was glad to surrender to Gen. Canby on the victorious chieftain, Maj. Gen. U. S. the 3d of May, his whole force consisting of Grant, April 9th, 1865. Thenumber of men somewhere between 50,000 and 80,000 men, surrendered was 26,000; captured during the with all the munitions of war in his posses- period of time from March 26th to April sion. This was the last armed force of the 4th, 30,000. Their loss in killed and wound- great rebellion.
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i
REVIEW OF EVENTS.
THE first order for this work was taken on such a few days later a body of them march- the 18th of February of the current year. ed into Charleston singing the John Brown The situation of our national affairs is so song. different now from what it was then, that Time in his ceaseless course brings us to
we propose in this article to review the the 4th of March. On this day Gen. Sherman's events as they have transpired. At the date army enters North Carolina; Martin R. De- above mentioned, Mr. Lincoln had not com- lany, a colored soldier, is commissioned ma- pleted his first term as President of the jor, the highest office to which any colored United States; and although the people every- man had ever been promoted in the United where throughout the loyal states were sat- States Army; Gen. Palmer abolishes slave- isfied that we would ultimately crush the pens in the city of Louisville, Ky., -all suita- rebellion, the final success of our arms was ble events for the day in which Abraham so far in the future that it required $2 04 in Lincoln enters upon his second presidential our currency to buy $1 00 in gold. The term. How different now from what it was rebels had large and formidable armies in the four years before, when the capital was men- field, but our own more than doubled theirs aced, and, we might almost say, held by the in number; and while Grant was watch-
rebels. Of this period in our history Gen.
ing Lee at Richmond and Petersburg, Sher- Scott in his autobiography says :- "In the man was swinging around in the South, preceding two months I had received inore sweeping every thing before his victorious than fifty letters, many from points distant armies. The nations looked on in wonder from each other, some dissuading me from and astonishment, believing that the destruc- being present at the event, and others dis- tion of his army was inevitable. The idea of tinctly threatening assassination if I dared. marching through an enemy's country with- to protect the ceremony by military force." out any base of supplies, and with armed We repeat, how changed is all the scene. foes in front, armed foes to the right, armed Slavery, in whose interest the rebellion was. foes to the left, and armed foes in the rear, inaugurated, after having furnished one hun- was a feat none but an American army with dred thousand of its sons to assist in crushing an American general would think of at- the rebellion, now sends its subjects as free- tempting. The rebels every-where aimed to men to participate in the ceremonies of the
keep at a respectful distance, to insure per- re-inauguration of our Chief Magistrate. The sonal safety. South Carolina, the mother of soil on which they stand is no more slave, but rebels and secession, was humbled in the free territory. They can now mingle with the dust on the very day our record commences ;
white race in the receptions at the executive for we find that on the 18th of February, mansion, and receive as hearty greetings from
1865, General Sherman's victorious army en- the President. Mr. Lincoln having taken the ters her capital, her sacred soil being every- oath of office for the second time, delivered where overrun by Yankee soldiers; and even the following Inaugural Address, the merits her legislative halls were desecrated by the of which can only be understood by reading tread of northern mud-sills. Not only these it entire.
things had taken place, but Charleston, the "FELLOW-COUNTRYMEN-At this second ap- great, mighty modern Babylon, had fallen, pearing to take the oath of the Presidential being fired by her own boasted chivalry; and office, there is less occasion for an extended the smoke of her torments went up, and the address than there was at the first. Then, a light of her burnings guided her chivalrous statement, somewhat in detail, of a course to sons and daughters in their course as fugitives be pursued, seemed fitting and proper. Now, from justice. On this same day General at the expiration of four years, during which Lee, the commander-in-chief of the rebel public declarations have been constantly call- armies, calls upon the rebel government to ed forth on every point and phase of the great re-enforce him by arming, and promising contest which still absorb the attention and freedom to a large force of the very negroes engrosses the energies of the nation, little that for whose more abject enslavement they had is new could be presented. The progress of commenced the war for the destruction of our our arms, upon which all else chiefly depends, government. But he was too late; the United is as well known to the public as to myself, States Government had already given them and it is, I trust, reasonably satisfactory and that liberty, made them its soldiers, and aslencouraging to all. With high hope for the
38
462
REVIEW OF EVENTS.
future, no prediction in regard to it is ven- said three thousand years ago, so still it must tured.
be said, 'The judgments of the Lord are true "On the occasion corresponding to this, four and righteous altogether.'
years ago, all thoughts were anxiously di- "With malice toward none, with charity for rected to an impending civil war. All dread- all, with firmness in the right, as God gives ed it; all sought to avert it. While the In- us to see the right, let us strive on to finish augural address was being delivered from the work we are in; to bind up the nation's this place, devoted altogether to saving the wounds; to care for him who shall have borne Union without war, insurgent agents were the battle, and for his widow and his orphan in the city seeking to destroy it without -to do all which may achieve and cherish a war-seeking to dissolve the Union, and di- just and lasting peace among ourselves, and vide effects by negotiation. Both parties with all nations."
The rebels being by this time driven to war rather than let the nation survive, and desperation, their senate at Richmond passed a the other would accept war rather than let bill to arm their slaves, which being concur- it perish. And the war came. red in by the House, became a law on the
deprecated war; but one of them would make
"One-eighth of the whole population were 15th of March, and orders were issued at colored slaves, not distributed generally over once from their war department for the drill- the Union, but localized in the southern part ing to commence; but it was to late, all their of it. These slaves consituted a peculiar and schemes failed, and the only good accomplish- powerful interest. All knew that this inter- ed by it was to show the world how complete est was, somehow, the cause of the war. To the failure to establish a government, the strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this inter- chief corner-stone of which should be hu- est was the object for which the insurgents man slavery. The conspiracy was in its would rend the Union, even by war while death throes. Gen. Grant "moved upon the the Government claimed no right to do more rebel works" at Petersburg and carried them, than to restrict the territorial enlargement of the rebels retreating toward Richmond, which it. Neither party expected for the war the in turn is evacuated; and on the 3d day of magnitude or the duration which it has al- April a corps of colored soldiers under Gen. ready obtained. Neither anticipated that Weitzel took possession of what had been the cause of the conflict might cease with, for four long years the capital of the rebel or even before, the conflict itself should cease. government. April 4th, just one month aft- Each looked for an easier triumph, and a er the second inauguration of President Lin- result less fundamental and astounding, coln, he holds a levee in the mansion just Both read the same Bible, and pray to the evacuated by the once bombastic and defiant, same God, and each invokes His aid against but now fugacious Jeff. April 9th, at Ap- the other. It may seem strange that any pomattox court-house, the whole rebel ar- men should dare to ask a just God's assistance iny, twenty-five thousand strong, under Gen. in wringing their bread from the sweat of Lee, surrendered to Gen. Grant. The news other men's faces; but let us judge not, that flashed on the wires to all parts of the loyal we be not judged. The prayers of both'states. Victory! Victory! Peace! Peace! were could not be answered-those of neither have the exclamations on every tongue, and the been answered fully. The Almighty has wildest demonstrations of delight were spon- His own purposes. 'Woe unto the world taneously indulged in by the loyal millions because of offenses! for it must needs be that in every part of the land. Impromptu pro- offenses come; but woe to that man by whom cessions, speeches, illuminations and bonfires the ofl'ense cometh.' were every-where indulged in both by day "If we shall suppose that American slavery and by night.
is one of those offenses which, in the provi- The fourth anniversary of the degradation dence of God, must needs come, but which, of our glorious old flag at Fort Sumter was having continued through His appointed approaching. The authorities at Washing- time, He now wills to remove, and that Heton, with a true appreciation of the fitness of gives to both North and South this terrible things, had been making arrangements for war, as the woe due to those by whom the of- some suitable demonstration on the occasion. fense came, shall we discern therein any de- Orders had been issued by the Secretary of parture from those Divine attributes which War to Capt. Gadsden, to have the fine ocean the believers in a living God always ascribe to steamer Arago in readiness to convey a select him? Fondly do we hope, fervently do we party to the historic spot, the mass of ruins pray, that this mighty scourge of war may that was once called Fort Sumter. The ves- speedily pass away .: Yet, if God wills that it sel sailed from New York before the surren- continue: until all the wealth piled by the der of the rebel Lee, and it was not until they bondsman's two hundred and fifty years of were sailing up the Bay into Charleston, that unrequited toil shall be sunk, and until every the excursionists received the news. Of the drop of blood drawn by the lash shall be paid party who sailed on the Arago, to the number by another drawn with the sword, as was of two or three huddred, it is necessary we
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