The pictorial history of Fort Wayne, Indiana : a review of two centuries of occupation of the region about the head of the Maumee River, Vol. I, Part 20

Author: Griswold, B. J. (Bert Joseph), 1873-1927; Taylor, Samuel R., Mrs. The story of the townships of Allen County
Publication date: 1917
Publisher: Chicago : R.O. Law Co.
Number of Pages: 760


USA > Indiana > Allen County > Fort Wayne > The pictorial history of Fort Wayne, Indiana : a review of two centuries of occupation of the region about the head of the Maumee River, Vol. I > Part 20


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"The Prophet" came to the region of the Tippecanoe from his village on the Scioto river, in Ohio, where he first gained attention as a sorcerer. Pretending to be the chosen mouthpiece of the Great Spirit, he gave out the word that the time was near at hand when 174


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175


THE QUIET BEFORE THE SAVAGE STORM


1806 1812


the red man would regain all of his departed possessions and drive the white man from the western country.


Captain William Wells, at Fort Wayne, through his close ac- quaintanceship with the Indians, kept well informed of conditions. On the 20th of August, 1807, writing to Governor Harrison, he said : "Two confidential Indians have returned and say that the In- dians in that quarter [Mackanic] believe in what the Prophet tells them, which is that the Great Spirit will, in a few years, destroy every white man in America. * This business was kept a secret from Little Turtle, the White Loon, Five Medals and Charley, as they were Big Knives [friends of the Kentuckians] and ought not to know anything about the affairs of the Indians. * *


* We are all alarmed at this place [Fort Wayne], myself excepted, as I can see no danger as yet at our doors. Something must be done. It cannot be done too soon, too. The Indians are certainly forming an improper combination-one that is not friendly toward us, otherwise the leaders in it would not keep it so much in the dark from every person that is friendly disposed toward the United States."


ANGELINE CHAPETEAU.


In the midst of these troublous times there was added to the little settlement at the fort in 1804 the French family of Jean Bap- tiste Maloch (or Melosh), consisting of Maloch, his wife and their sprightly granddaughter, Angeline Chapeteau. They came from Detroit, by way of the Maumee. Angeline, then a girl of seventeen,


It wellknown , that Capt Whistler was a vergt in the British army which surrendered under The Convention of Parratoya - He has however been a long tune in the american Army , and has been considered as entitled to his regular promotion to the rank of Captain . From what I know of hum , I believe him to be faithful und capable He has a large family twelves on thirteen children - many of them Young - you must be sensible of the difficulties of supporting them in his present situation. The command at Chicago , or Fortleague is an object , he is descrous of obtaining .


GOVERNOR HULL'S PLEA FOR MAJOR WHISTLER.


In 1811 Captain (later Major) John Whistler was stationed in a minor position under General William Hull, commandant at Detroit. On April 12 of that year General Hull wrote the above letter to the secretary of war, William Eustis. Captain Whistler did not receive the appointment to Fort Wayne until 1814.


176


THE PICTORIAL HISTORY OF FORT WAYNE


was destined to remain an active figure in the life of the place until the little settlement had developed into a promising city-indeed, until the railroad had been a builder of commerce for twenty years. Two years after her arrival she married James Peltier, and, latterly, Edward Griswold, a building contractor.


Much interest clusters about this pioneer of pioneer families. The name of Jean Baptiste Maloch is first found in an old manuscript written, it is said, by a French priest, and given to Francis Parkman, the historian. He was a resident of Detroit at the time of the Pontiao conspiracy in 1760. It was at his house that Pontiac confined as prisoners Captain Donald Campbell, second in command of the British fort at Detroit, and Lieutenant George McDougall. The latter escaped, but Campbell was killed and eaten by the savages. The name of Maloch appears as a witness, together with that of his


ยท


LITTLE TURTLE'S GRAVE IN 1860.


In September, 1860, Benson J. Lossing, the artist-historian, while in Fort Wayne made the above sketch of the site of the grave of Little Turtle. The picture is reproduced from Lossing's "Pictorial Fieldbook of the War of 1812" by per- mission of Harper and Brothers, New York.


WHITE LOON, GREAT-GRANDSON OF LITTLE TURTLE.


Anthony Revarre, Jr., or White Loon, is the son of Kil-so-quah, granddaughter of Little Turtle. In 1902 occurred the death of Revarre's wife, an English school teacher. Revarre was born in 1841. The portrait is from a photo- graph by L. M. Huffman.


brother Francis, in Major Gladwyn's investigation into the death of Campbell. He was a man of some means, as is shown by the census report of Detroit in 1782, in which he is reported as being possessed of "a wife, one hired man, one son, eight daughters, one male slave, two female slaves, five horses, four oxen, six cows, six steers, nine hogs, 1,500 pounds of flour, seventy bushels of wheat, twenty-three bushels of wheat sown and sixty arpents of cleared land."


The late Mrs. Lucien P. Ferry stated that she remembered the childhood name of Miss Chapeteau as Angelique. Many interesting stories concerning the attractive French girl have come down to the present time. The following incidents are furnished by William H. W. Peltier, great-grandson of Angeline Chapeteau Peltier :


THE COMING OF ANGELINE CHAPETEAU.


This scene is from a frieze in one of the court rooms in the Allen County court house. It represents the coming to Fort Wayne of Angeline Chapeteau and her grandparents, Jean Baptiste Maloch and his wife, in 1804. (See Chapter XVI.). The portrait of Angeline Chapeteau (Mrs. Griswold) in her old age, appears below.


MRS. ANGELINE (CHAPETEAU) PELTIER-GRISWOLD.


At the age of sixteen, Mrs. Edward Griswold ( Miss Angeline Chapeteau) came to Fort Wayne in 1804 with her grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Jean Bap- tiste Maloch. She became the wife of Louis Peltier; later she married Edward Griswold, a contractor. Her death oc- curred in 1876, in her eighty-sixth year. During her young womanhood she was the heroine of many an episode with the savages, who called her "Golden Hair" and made her a member of the Miami family. During the siege of Fort Wayne, Mrs. Peltier, who had declined to take refuge in Ohio, with the other women of the post, remained by her husband's side. The portrait is from a photograph loaned by the great-grand- son of Mrs. Griswold. William H. W. Peltier.


THREE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE OLDEST FAMILY OF FORT WAYNE.


The photograph shows Louis C. Pel- tier, his son, James C. Peltier, and the son of the latter, William H. W. Pel- tier. The father of Louis C. Peltier was James Peltier, whose father, Louis Pel- tier was a resident of the site of Fort Wayne long before the Wayne campaign. The name Peltier has been connected with the history of Fort Wayne longer than any other.


REFERENCES


1-Southeast block-


house. 2-Northwest block- house. 3-Officers' quarters. 4- Quartermaster's quarters.


5-Cook's quarters. 6-Stores.


7-St. Mary's river. S-St. Joseph's river. 9-Maumee river. 10-Officers' garden. 11-One of the sol- diers' gardens. 12-Council house. 13-Indian department buildings. 14-Indian agent's garden.


15-Road to Ohio ( Wayne Trace). 16-Road to Detroit. 17-Public cornfields (Lakeside). 18-Public pastures. 19-Indian department pasture. 20-The first build- ings of the vil- lage of Fort Wayne, erected after the seige of 1812.


.


21-The portage road to the Wabash.


22-Public well.


23-The thoroughfare which developed into the present Columbia street.


24-The pirogue land- ing.


15


15


18


16


5


11


12


00


2


23


21


13


FORT WAYNE IN 1815.


The drawing was made by the author from information secured from the plans of the fort and surroundings as made by Major John Whistler in 1815, and unearthed in the war department just a century later, together with information gathered from other sources.


177


THE QUIET BEFORE THE SAVAGE STORM


1806 1812


"At the time of her coming to Fort Wayne she was a bright young girl with hair of such a strikingly red color that the Indians called her 'Golden Hair.' She was at once a favorite with the Miamis and they adopted her into their tribe with solemn ceremony. We have many stories of her successful efforts to protect the whites


HAM BARNETT


FARM


1


HI SITE OF BARNETT HOME


TURNER


INDIAN


MIAMI


A


LAWTON PLACE C


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MARY,


BURIAL"


PLACE


-PIGEON


RIVER


hds


RUN


CREEK


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WHITE


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ST


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PROSPECT O AVENUE


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ROAD


LOT 4 JAMES WOLCOTT


ST. JOE BOULEVARD


THE GRAVES HACKLEYS


OF THE


TENNESSEE AVE. 1


LOT


MEL - ANDERSON-AVENUE


JOSEPH


1


SPF -RUN -AVENUE


WHERE LITTLE TURTLE IS BURIED.


Chief Little Turtle was buried in July, 1812, in that portion of the present city of Fort Wayne which lies between Spy Run avenue and the St. Joseph river, some distance north of the St. Mary's river. All authorities agree upon this point. But where is the exact burial spot? William D. Schiefer, of 333 East Main street, recalls the day in 1866 when John P. Hedges indicated to him the place where Little Turtle was buried. The chief died July 14, 1812. Mr. Schiefer, in 1866, lived with his parents on the Abraham Barnett farm, which then included the tracts north and south of the present Lawton Place, as shown in the map. At that time Mr. Hedges located the grave at the spot indicated by the letter A. On the 4th of July, 1912, Charles and Albert Lochner, contractors, while excavat- ing for the dwelling of Dr. George W. Gillie on Lawton Place, unearthed four skeletons and a large number of Indian ornaments, dishes and other articles. Among the specimens is a sword with a solid silver hilt. It is a fact of history that Washington gave to Little Turtle such a sword. Four skulls were found in the burial place; three were crumbling, while one was in fair condition. The three were buried again, while the best-preservd spcimen was retained. Later, Jacob M. Stouder, who is interested in the study of the Miamis, secured the skull and the articles found in the graves. The authorities of the National Museum, when the skull was submitted to them, pronounced it to be that of an Indian woman. "I am fully convinced, however," says Mr. Stouder, "that the grave of Little Turtle has been found. Probably one of the three other skulls was that of the great Miami chieftain. I believe this sword is the one given to Little Turtle by Washington. There is also a pair of earrings, such as the chiefs, only, wore." A visit to Kil-so-quah, the granddaughter of Little Turtle, added to Mr. Stouder's belief that the spot of Little Turtle's burial has been found. Benson J. Lossing, the artist-historian, while in Fort Wayne in 1860, was shown the alleged site of the chief's grave by John P. Hedges, but the place described by him in his Pictorial Fieldbook is some distance south of that located by Mr. Schiefer and Mr. Stouder. (See B.)


(1866)


ABRAN


RIVERSIDETAVAT


HACKLEY AND WIFE


178


THE PICTORIAL HISTORY OF FORT WAYNE


from the savage treatment of the Indians, but probably the experi- ence of 1812 best illustrates her power over them. At the time of the opening of the siege James Peltier, the Second, her first son, was four years old. The family of three lived in a log house outside the fort, but within the outer stockade at a point near the building of the present Fort Wayne Iron Store Company, East Superior street and the Spy Run bridge. Even after the siege was on in earnest Mrs. Peltier continued to remain in the house, and here she served as a friend of both the garrison and the besiegers, with the hope of using her good offices to bring about peace. The Indians, during this time, brought venison within reach of the house to exchange


REBEKAH WELLS HEALD.


Shortly before General Wayne invaded the west Captain William Wells, who had been stolen when a boy by the Miamis and who, when he grew to man- hood married a daughter of Little Tur- tle, learned of the whereabouts of his relatives in Kentucky. He visited them and later, in 1808, his niece, Rebekah Wells, accompanied him on horseback to Fort Wayne. While here she became engaged to marry the commandant, Cap- tain Nathan Heald, and the wedding oc- curred in Kentucky in 1810, after Cap- tain Heald had been placed in command of Fort Dearborn. Rebekah Wells Heald and her husband, with Captain Wells, were the central figures in the Fort Dearborn massacre. The Healds, how- ever, made their escape from the sav- ages and managed to paddle a canoe the entire length of Lake Michigan in order to reach Mackinac. The portrait is re- produced by permission of the publish- ers, A. C. McClurg, from "The Story of Old Fort Dearborn."


THE HISTORIC OLD APPLE TREE.


The above picture of the historic apple tree which formerly stood in Kekionga, site of the present Lakeside, is repro- duced from a lithograph in Brice's "His- tory of Fort Wayne," published in 1868, at which time Mr. Brice wrote: "The tree is about one hundred and thirty odd years old. The tree is sup- posed to have sprung from a seed acci- dentally dropped or purposely planted by some of the early French traders or missionaries." Near it, in a hut, in 1761, was born Chief Richardville, of the Mi- amis. It is related that during the siege of Fort Wayne in 1812, an Indian sharp- shooter perched in its branches terror- ized the besieged garrison, but was final- ly brought to earth by a well-aimed shot from the fort. In 1867 Historian Brice found the trunk of the tree to measure twelve feet in circumference.


it for salt which Mrs. Peltier procured from the fort. Thus was the garrison kept in food and the savages provided with salt. Finally, my great-grandmother was ordered within the fort, and it was not long before every building outside the inclosure was in ashes."


At a later time an intoxicated Indian attacked her. She man- aged to overpower him and bring him to such a degree of subjection that she could tie him securely with a rope and give him a severe


1


179


THE QUIET BEFORE THE SAVAGE STORM


1806 1812


flogging. In this condition he was compelled to remain until the following morning, when he was released. Soon a body of excited savages surrounded the house and demanded her appearance. As she started to come forth, she saw, as a member of the group, the savage who had attacked her the night before. She hesitated, but it was only for a moment. Imagine her relief when she found that the Indians had come to pay homage to a woman of bravery and skill in meeting an adversary. The victim himself had organized the party which paid its respects and obtained her forgiveness.


Mrs. Peltier lived until 1876. The children of Mr. and Mrs. James Peltier were James Peltier, the Second, born 1806, who lived to the advanced age of ninety-six years, Louis Peltier, born March 14. 1813, who died in 1904 at the age of ninety-one, and Salvador Peltier, who died in 1915 at the age of eighty-nine. The children of Louis Peltier and wife (Laura Cushing) were James C. Peltier and Ellen Peltier-Meegan. Three daughters were born to Salvador Peltier and wife (Catherine Vallequet).


Mrs. Ferry, who knew all the persons to whom she referred, said to the writer in 1914: "A year after Angelique Chapeteau came, two younger sisters arrived from Detroit. One of these became the wife of Charles Peltier. Another sister, Theresa, married Francis Minie. Their brother, George Chapeteau, also settled at Fort Wayne. One day, when Charles Peltier was riding in the woods, he was attacked by wolves. His horse ran away and he could not save himself. His skeleton was found later. Nothing but his snuffbox remained for identification." The writer, in examining into the family records of the French at Detroit, found the old spelling of Peltier to be Pelletier. William H. W. Peltier states that the change to the modern spelling was made by his great-grandfather. The present spelling of Chapeteau is Chapetan, and many represent- atives of the family are living in Detroit today.


CAPTAIN NATHAN HEALD, COMMANDANT.


The year 1807 brought a new commandant to Fort Wayne, Cap- tain Nathan Heald, whose name figures in one of the most tragic events of the frontier-the massacre of Fort Dearborn, six years later. In the autobiography of Captain Heald, appearing for the first time in 1913, it is recorded that the commandant was born in 1775, in New Ipswich, New Hampshire, the third son of Colonel Thomas and Sybel (Adams) Heald. Referring to the events of the year 1806, he says :


"Left New London [Connecticut] and went to New Brunswick, N. J., on the same service [recruiting] & in the fall I was ordered to Fort Wayne by way of Philadelphia, where I joined Capt. Stod- dard with a Detachment of Recruits & went with him to Newport on the Ohio, then by myself to Fort Wayne where I arrived and took command in January, 1807. On the 31st of that month, & the same year, was promoted to a Capt. in First Reg't Infantry. In the Spring of 1807 went to Detroit to sit on a General Court Martial & returned to Fort Wayne in the summer."


The autobiography of Captain Heald appears in full as an


180


THE PICTORIAL HISTORY OF FORT WAYNE


appendix to "Chicago and the Old Northwest," by Dr. M. M. Quaife, University of Chicago Press. The original is in the form of a small notebook, 3 by 6 inches in size, which forms a part of the Draper collection at Madison, Wisconsin. The autobiography was written to cover a period of activity down to the year 1822, when Heald was living in retirement in St. Charles County, Missouri.


The story of the frontier experience of Captain Heald includes one of the early romances of Fort Wayne. In the year 1809, Captain William Wells, on his return from a visit with his relatives in Kentucky, brought to Fort Wayne as a guest his niece, Rebekah Wells. Miss Wells was the daughter of Samuel Wells, later a hero of the battle of Tippecanoe, a brother of the man whose name is


KIL-SO-QUAH, GRANDDAUGHTER OF LITTLE TURTLE.


In the year of her death, 1915, Kil-so- quah was 105 years of age. She was born in 1810 on the island formed by the two forks of the Wabash river two miles west of Huntington, Indiana. Her fa- ther was Wak-shin-gah, a son of Chief Little Turtle. Her mother was the daughter of She-mock-o-nish, a Miami warrior. The first husband of Kil-so- quah was John Owl, whose death oc- curred soon after their marriage. Later she married Anthony Revarre, who died in 1849, after which time the aged Mi- ami princess lived with her son, An- thony Revarre, Jr., or White Loon. A daughter, Mrs. Taylor, lives in Roanoke, Indiana. Kil-so-quah, who was two years of age when Little Turtle died, retained a faint remembrance of her royal grandfather. "The old chief used to come to her father's home at Miami park, west of Huntington, and, com- plaining that his hair had not been combed for many days, smiled a whim- sical invitation for his tiny granddaugh- ter to perform the service for him," writes Mrs. Matilda Henderson Whee- lock, in the Indianapolis Star of August 22, 1909. "Whereupon," she continues, "the little Kil-so-quah joyfully climbed into the royal lap, planted her sturdy little feet firmly upon the royal knee and, with the royal arms to steady her, delightedly proceeded with her pleasing task." The portrait is from a photo- graph by L. M. Huffman.


-


ME-TE-A.


Me-te-a, the noted Pottawatomie chief, who had a village on the site of the present Cedarville, Allen county, Indi- ana, and another on the St. Joseph river seven miles north of Fort Wayne, was at the height of his power in 1812. It was he who secretly informed Antoine Bondie of the plan to besiege Fort Wayne. Later, with a few of his braves, he prepared an ambuscade for Harrison's army, five miles south of Fort Wayne, as it approached the fort, but the plan was discovered by Captain Logan and Major Mann, a spy. Me-te-a, who was hidden behind a tree, left his elbow ex- posed as he held his rifle; Major Mann took aim and fired, the discharge break- ing the bones of the chief's arm. The warrior escaped and ran to Fort Wayne to give the alarm, which enabled the savages to reach places of safety. The wound of the arm healed, but the mem- ber was useless ever afterward. Me-te-a is described as a man of bravery, gen- erosity and intellect, and an orator of power. He died at Fort Wayne of poi- soning in May, 1827, and his body was interred in a grave near the present Col- lege street, between Berry and Wayne streets. The body of Me-te-a was placed in the first burial casket made by the late Louis Peltier. Reference to the cir- cumstance is given in a more extended way in another portion of this work.


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THE QUIET BEFORE THE SAVAGE STORM


1806 1812


inseparably linked with the history of Fort Wayne and Chicago. While here Miss Wells appears to have been a party to a case of "love at first sight," in which the commandant, Captain Nathan Heald, figured with equal zest, for they were married two years later and the brave Kentucky girl's name is written among the heroes of the Fort Dearborn massacre. During the visit of Rebekah Wells at Fort Wayne, Captain Heald taught her the use of the rifle in which she became very expert. (See "The Story of Old Fort Dearborn," by J. Seymour Currey ; Fort Wayne Public Library.)


Heald had not been entirely satisfied with his position at Chi- cago. A few days after his arrival, in 1810, he wrote Colonel Jacob Kingsbury, at Detroit, that he was not pleased with his situation and could not bear to think of staying there during the winter. "It is a good place," he wrote, "for a man who has a family and can content himself to live remote from the civilized part of the world."


On the journey of Captain and Mrs. Heald from Louisville, Ken- tucky, the bride rode "a beautiful and well-trained" bay mare upon which the Indians always looked with longing eyes; they made several attempts to steal her. At the time of the Fort Dearborn massacre, Mrs. Heald was riding this valuable horse when the attack was made, and the Indians considered the horse one of the greatest trophies of the attack. Efforts to regain possession of the horse by purchase failed. On the trip from Kentucky, Mrs. Heald was accompanied by a slave girl, Cicely, who refused to be separated from her mistress. The party stopped at Fort Wayne on the way to Fort Dearborn.


But to return to the period of Captain Heald's administration of the affairs of Fort Wayne :1


We have for our contemplation a well-framed picture of con- ditions about the fort from the letter of a soldier, Lieutenant Philip Ostrander, who, sent from Michilimackinac to serve at Fort Wayne, records his impressions as follows, in a letter to his friend, George Hoffman, at the northern Michigan post. The original letter is in the Burton Historical Collection at Detroit. Ostrander wrote:


"Fort Wayne, October 4, 1807 .- Dear Sir: I arrived here yes- terday after a journey of eleven days from Detroit, heartily tired of my passage. At Detroit, I got into a pirogue with three French- men, neither of whom could speak one word of English. You may easily judge from this how irksome my situation was; my only amusement was shooting along shore and occasionally reading. On my arrival at this post [Fort Wayne] I was received with the utmost politeness by Captain [Nathan] Heald who continues to shew me every flattering attention. Indeed, sir, by every officer at Detroit and at this place I have been treated with the utmost liberality and respect. The very day of my arrival, I was requested to dine with Captain [William] Wells [the Indian agent] ; and today by Mr. Johnson [Colonel John Johnston], our present factor [superintend- ent of the government "factory"] at this post. I do not mention these circumstances through vanity, but merely with the intention of informing you that everyone endeavors to make my place of residence comfortable and happy.


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182


THE PICTORIAL HISTORY OF FORT WAYNE


"I could form no conception of what an agreeable situation this is, both as to the face of the country and the elegant situation of the fort," continues Lieutenant Ostrander. "We are, however, destitute of one thing which would make the situation still more agreeable-that is, society. Mr. Johnson [Johnston], Captain Wells, J. Audrian [brother of the wife of Mr. Hoffman], and the officers of the garrison compose our party. They tell me that the place is in general pretty healthy, but, to tell the truth, I have seen a number of very sick people. Dr. Edwards [who had married the daughter of Colonel Thomas Hunt at Fort Wayne in 1803] had, unfortunately, started for Cincinnati about an hour before my arrival. *


* Captain Abbott leaves this place early tomorrow morning."


ELKSKWATAWA, THE PROPHET. The supposed brother of Tecumseh, who exerted a great influence during the Tecumseh campaign of 1811-1813, claim- ed to have received authority from the Great Spirit to deliver the red men from the control of the whites. He was "a cunning, unprincipled man, in early life remarkable for nothing but stupidity and drunkenness." One of his eyes was sightless.


CHICAGO


PRESENT


MOUTH OF


CHICAGO


RIVER


VOLDI MOUTH


FORMER SHORE LINE


( GRANT PARK)


KE MICHIGAN


BRANCH


14 IM ST


N AVES


SOUTH


WHERE THE


MASSACRE


MICHIG


INDIANA


21 ST ST


WHERE THE FORT DEARBORN MAS- SACRE OCCURRED.


The Fort Dearborn massacre took place in a region which may now be generally defined as bounded by Fourteenth and Twenty-first streets and Michigan and Indiana avenues in the city of Chicago. The map shows the location of Fort Dearborn, the agency house, the Kinzie mansion (1), the Ouilmette house (2) and the Burns house (3).




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