History of North Brookfield, Massachusetts. Preceded by an account of old Quabaug, Indian and English occupation, 1647-1676; Brookfield records, 1686-1783, Part 31

Author: Temple, J. H. (Josiah Howard), 1815-1893; Adams, Charles, 1810-1886
Publication date: 1887
Publisher: North Brookfield : Pub. by the town [Boston, printed]
Number of Pages: 884


USA > Massachusetts > Worcester County > North Brookfield > History of North Brookfield, Massachusetts. Preceded by an account of old Quabaug, Indian and English occupation, 1647-1676; Brookfield records, 1686-1783 > Part 31


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In all these movements, Dr. Snell was a leader.


When he was settled, and for many years afterwards, the only public religious services expected from the minister were the two sermons on the Sabbath, and a preparatory lecture once in two months. He says : " prayer meetings, religious conferences, meetings for serious and personal conversation, stated lectures for general instruction, meetings for humane and charitable objects, a third service on the Sabbath, and even seasons of special revival of religion were all unknown in this town at the time of my ordination." In Sept. 1815, without public notice, a prayer meet- ing was held at the house of the pastor, attended by his family and two young men. It occurred on a Friday evening ; and from that time to the present a meeting has been held weekly on Friday evening.


Dr. Snell was very early interested in the subject of Domestic Mis- sions. He says : "In 1807 this church agreed to raise $10 for Domestic Missions. This was the first effort in religious charity made in this place. And it was a great effort : we could scarcely accomplish it. Ten dollars does not speak of our poverty, so much as the narrowness of our conceptions." Then came the subscription of $40 for Foreign Mis-


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sions in 1812, already referred to. The next was $43, raised by the ladies in 1815, for several objects of religious charity.


Dr. Snell attended the meeting of the Massachusetts General Asso- ciation in 1810, when the American Board was organized ; and perhaps this was his favorite charity during his life, though he did not become a member of the corporation till 1838. In 1824, the Ladies' and Gen- tlemen's Associations, auxiliary to the A.B.C.F.M., were formed. Their joint contribution that year was $71, and a box of clothing. . .. In all these charities, Dr. S. was the efficient leader and generous patron.


At the time of his settlement it was made by law "the duty of all resident ministers of the Gospel " to have a sort of supervision of all the schools in town, and to see that all children of suitable age attended school. Probably no minister in the State performed this service with greater punctuality and faithfulness than Dr. Snell. When the law was enacted which provided that towns should annually choose a "School Committee," to examine teachers, and exercise a general supervision of the schools, he was elected, and was rechosen a member of the committee every year (with a single exception) till 1850, - a nearly continuous service of more than half a century. He was an early advocate for the establishment of a College at Amherst, and one of its most efficient founders and patrons. He was a member of the Board of Overseers of its Charity Funds from its organization in 1822, for thirty-three years, fifteen years serving as its secretary ; and during the whole term of his membership he was absent from but one meeting.


The College conferred upon him in 1828 the honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity.


Of the multitude of Sermons and addresses delivered during his long pastorate, only 24 were published, including 2 or 3 pamphlets.


They have all been collected and bound in one volume which is owned by the Appleton Library. Among them are an Oration at Brook- field, Independence day, 1813 ; a sermon before the General Asso- ciation, June, 1814; a sermon before the Governor, Council and Legislature, 1817, and several Historical Sermons and Discourses. The most valuable of these are " A Sermon delivered on the last Sabbath in June, 1838, containing a Brief History of the Town," pp. 55 ; "A Dis- course containing an Historical Sketch of the Town of North Brook- field," delivered May 28, 1850; and "A Discourse containing an Historical Sketch of the First Congregational Church in North Brook- field," delivered May, 1852, pp. 56.


Dr. Snell officiated as Secretary of the General Association of Massa- chusetts, 25 years. Rev. Emerson Davis, his successor, says of him : " My recollections of him as a preacher are very pleasant. I knew him better as the much respected Secretary of the General Association,


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SECOND PRECINCT-NORTH BROOKFIELD.


which office he held from 1824 to 1850. It was mainly by his efforts that the statistics of the churches were gathered, which were first pub- lished in 1828; and if you consider the difficulty of beginning such a work, and the progress he made previous to 1850, you will see he is entitled to much credit.


He was systematic, punctual and honest ; an eminently wise man, a safe counsellor, and a faithful friend ; an agreeable companion ; full of good sense and good humor." -


No minister probably ever lived in this part of the State who was more extensively known, or more generally enjoyed the confidence of the people, and especially of the churches than Dr. Snell ; or whose services were more frequently brought into requisition in the settlement and dismission of Pastors, and the adjustment of clerical and parochial difficulties.


During his ministry he was a member of more than a 140 ecclesiasti- cal councils.


Theologically, Dr. Snell was Calvinistic in his views. " He was not, strictly speaking, a theologian, and yet without discriminating between high, low, or moderate Calvinism, we may truly say, he was a Calvinist." This was said in the funeral sermon by Rev. Dr. Cushing, his colleague, who certainly was a theologian ; and he adds : " on the subject of theol- ogy, the position of the lamented Pastor of this Church may be ex- pressed in three words, He was Orthodox. He held the great doctrines of the Christian system with great tenacity. Still he could not properly be said to belong to any school. His real position was characteristically expressed by himself at a meeting of the Brookfield Association, when he said to a brother : 'The apostle Paul did not trouble his head about " Old School " or " New School," and they shall not trouble mine.' He had not those metaphysical traits of mind that would interest him in philosophical speculations. The Bible he made his study ; and his delight was simply in Biblical forms of doctrine. What are known among Evangelical Christians as the distinctive doctrines of grace, were his almost constant theme." This is illustrated by a quotation from the closing part of his 40th Anniversary Sermon : "I have endeavored, though with much imperfection and weakness, to preach to you the gospel of the grace of God ; both its doctrines and duties ; its warnings and encouragements ; its promises and threatenings.


" I have presented to your minds the humbling doctrine of man's state of apostasy from God, and of his guilty helplessness ; the ample provisions of Divine Grace through a crucified and arisen Savior ; the perfections and decrees of God, according to which he does all his works of creation, providence and redemption ; the moral agency and accountability of men; the duty of immediate repentance, and the


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BAPTIST SOCIETY.


sinner's aversion to it; regeneration by the Spirit of God through the instrumentality of divine truth ; justification by faith in Christ; the res- urrection of the dead, and future judgment, and eternal retribution.


" These things I have taught, publicly and from house to house, testi- fying repentance toward God and faith towards our Lord Jesus Christ.


" But I feel that I have done these things in a very poor and imperfect manner, that calls for the forbearance of man, and the mercy of God."


During the early years of his ministry, in addition to his ordinary min- isterial duties, he was accustomed to receive under his instruction young men who contemplated a college course, or who desired a higher educa- tion than was at that day afforded by the schools in town.


In a word, Dr. Snell was a man of warm heart, clear head, positive convictions and the courage to utter them ; and withal, guided by large common sense and practical wisdom. During his whole pastorate, he was a power for good in the social, educational, and commercial, as well as the religious interests of the town.


REV. CHRISTOPHER CUSHING, D.D. - He was the fourth in the line of pastors of the First Church, and was installed as colleague with Dr. Snell Sept. 17, 1851 ; was sole pastor after Dr. S's death, and was relieved of the duties of the office May 1, 1867, that he might enter upon the sec- retaryship of the American Congregational Union ; was dismissed Sept. 17, 1868. He was born at South Scituate May 3, 1820 ; graduated at Yale College 1844, and at Andover Theol. Sem. 1847 ; ordained over the Edwards Church, Boston, Feb. 21, 1849 ; dismissed Apr. 23, 1851, and installed at North Brookfield, as above. He was Secretary of the A. C. U. till 1877 ; and from 1867 to 1878, he edited and published, in company with others or alone, the Congregational Quarterly.


He received the honorary degree of D.D. from Amherst College in 1871. Died at Cambridge Oct. 23, 1881.


REV. GABRIEL H. DE BEVOISE began to supply the pulpit statedly Jan. 1, 1868 ; was installed Sept. 17, 1868 ; dismissed 1880. He was born at Brooklyn, N.Y. Jan. 7, 1831 ; fitted for college at Phillips Acad- emy ; graduated at Andover Theol. Sem. 1864 ; was ordained at Wal- pole, N.H. July 26, 1865, dismissed 1868. After leaving North Brook- field, he was installed at Leominster, May, 1881.


REV. SEDGWICK P. WILDER, the present pastor, was born at Newfane, Vt., May 28, 1847; graduated at Beloit College 1871; Yale Theol. Sem. 1875 ; ordained May 28, 1875, preached at Faith Chapel, Spring- field, and at Brandon, Vt. ; installed at North Brookfield June 24, 1880.


BAPTIST SOCIETY. - The Baptist Society and Church, though located at East Brookfield, should be noticed in this History, because its origi- nators were largely North Brookfield people. As early as 1748, travel- ling ministers of the Baptist denomination began to hold meetings in the


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SECOND PRECINCT-NORTH BROOKFIELD.


eastern part of the town. But they had no stated services here, as appears from the following : "This may certify the assessors of Brook- field that David Hinckley of Brookfield doth usually attend the public worship of God on the Lord's day at the Baptist Society in Sturbridge, and we believe him to be conscientiously of that persuasion.


HERVEY FISK S Committee of JONA. PERRY ( Bap. Society.


STURBIDGE May 30, 1751.


" On the 14th of Nov. 1786, a compact was entered into by eleven persons, for the purpose of maintaining a religious interest. This is regarded as the commencement of the Baptist Society in Brookfield. The places of worship at the time were mostly dwelling houses ; some- times barns ; and the Society was variously supplied." In 1795, a com- modious meeting-house was erected, and afterwards well finished.


May 15, 1797, a " Petition of a number of the Inhabitants of Brook- field and Spencer, setting forth, that for many years your Petitioners have attended on the instructions of Teachers of the Baptist Denomination, and have contributed for their support ; and now we are well accom- modated with a meeting-house, and a supply of Preaching annually ; and therefore we pray your Honors to incorporate us together with our Polls and Estates into a Distinct and separate Religious Society, with all the Privileges Powers and immunities, which Parishes are entitled to by Law in this Commonwealth."


Signed NICHO JENKS LAWRENCE JENKS - Society Committee. THOMAS SLAYTON


Other signers were : Josiah Goodell, Oliver Jenks, Nathaniel Dodge, Jeduthan Stevens, John Pierce, Shadrack Pierce, Jr., Daniel Jenks, Joshua Moor, John Wilcott, Jr., Thomas Moore, Jr., Eber Pierce, Shad- rack Pierce, Ezekiel Baxter, Elisha Doane, Phinehas Slayton, Jacob Stevens, Justus Stevens, Roger Stevens, Jr., Roger Stevens, Elias Staples, Nicholas McCluer, Silas Stevens, Ezra Bennet, Levi Chillson, Isaac Slayton, Reuben Converse, Reuben Harrington, Stevens Hatch, Nathan Percis, Luke Converse, Elisha Drake, Samuel Kingsbury, Eli Wood, John Stevenson, Clarke Hill, David Jenckes, Joseph Bennett, Reynolds Bennett, John Bennett, Thomas Jencks.


The Petition was granted, and the Society incorporated June 17, 1800 ; and its first meeting held Oct. 29th. Mr. Nathaniel Price was preacher for about two years. Rev. Laban Thurber succeeded him; was ordained in 1801, and closed his labors in 1805. "From 1805 to 1815 the pul- pit was supplied but a small part of the time. Those were years of dark- ness to the Society ; very small was the number that could be convened,


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METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.


when an appointment was made for a messenger of the truth " -says an Official Report. "In 1815, Rev. John Chase (then a licentiate) was engaged to supply the pulpit a part of the time. He continued his labors till 1818 with much success ; fifty-five persons were baptized." June 9, 1818, a Council was convened, and thirty-seven believers were constituted and recognized as the Baptist Church in Brookfield. The day following, June 10, Brother Chase was ordained its Pastor." He continued in the pastorate till his death, July 28, 1833.


List of pastors : Rev. John Chase, 15 years ; Rev. Benj. Manning, or- dained Jan. 1, 1834, dismissed 1835 ; Rev. Winthrop Morse, Nov. 1835, to 1839 ; Rev. J. H. Rickett, June 1839 to Oct. 1840; Rev. Job B. Boomer, June 1841, 4 years ; Rev. E. C. Messenger, 1845, 2 years ; Rev. Joseph Hodges, Jr., 1847, 5 years ; Rev. S. W. Marston, 1852, 12 years ; Rev. David Taylor, 1854, 6 mos. ; Rev. Addison Brown, 1856, 21 mos. ; Rev. J. H. Tilton, 1859, 43 years ; Rev. E. W. Pray, 1864, 20 mos. ; Rev. Philander Perry, 1867, 23 years ; Rev. L. C. Stevens, 1870, 8 years ; Rev. Andrew Dunn, 1878, 3 years.


A new meeting-house was built, and dedicated March 4, 1840 : cost $3,500. During the pastorate of Rev. L. C. Stevens, the house was re- painted, and much improved, and a parsonage built - both of which buildings are entirely free from debt.


Among those that have entered the ministry from this church, are Rev. Otis Converse, Rev. Abel Harwood, who died in Virginia Mar. 26, 1836 ; and Rev. Levi B. Hathaway, who died while pastor at Rockport, Aug. I, 1843. And in this connection should be named Rev. Hervey Jenks, who, though not a member of this church, was born and reared under its shadow. Hervey was son of Nicholas Jenks, was born in 1787 ; was hopefully converted while teaching a grammar school in Rehoboth in 1810 ; graduated at Brown University 1810, having united with the First Baptist Church in Providence the previous June. As a student, he ranked high in his class ; maintained an unsullied character, and enjoyed the confidence of officers and members, and bid fair to become eminent in the literary world. He was approbated as a preacher by the Provi- dence Church June 11, 1811, and received ordination by the same body a year later. He supplied half a year at West Stockbridge, Mass., and was settled in Hudson, N.Y. in 1813, where he died June 1814- thus early closing what promised to be a brilliant and successful career of usefulness.


METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. - No record has been found of preach- ing by this denomination in North Brookfield before 1829, when Erastus Otis was appointed by the Conference to the Brookfield circuit. About this date Nathaniel Smith, formerly a Free-will Baptist, gathered a Class at his own house. His Exhorter's license bears date May 1830. F. W.


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SECOND PRECINCT -NORTH BROOKFIELD.


Sizer and George Sutherland were appointed to this circuit in 1830, and sustained preaching during the summer at the old Congregational meet- ing-house at 5 o'clock on Sunday afternoons. Rev. Samuel Davis had charge of the circuit in 1832, assisted by Jotham Haven, S. W. Cogge- shall and Ebenr F. Newell. A new meeting-house was built this year at the Lower Village, and was dedicated Jan. 30, 1833, Dr. Wilbur Fisk president of Wesleyan University preaching the sermon. The trus- tees of the church were Nathaniel Smith, Elias Bartlett, Wm Bartlett, Hervey Wellington and Eben' Stevens. Mr. Davis resided in this town.


"In 1834, North Brookfield was made a station, with Henry Mayo preacher in charge. Serious financial troubles came upon the people that year. They had depended on the sale of pews ; but hopes and plans in some way failed, and in March 1835, a suit of attachment was issued against the trustees by Messrs. Joshua and Wm Prouty of Spen- cer, for the sum of $1,200." Miss f. A. Holmes' History. This suit was not settled till 1840, though preaching was maintained for most of the time. The membership in 1835, was 23.


The society led a checkered life for the next 25 years, sometimes meeting in the town hall (which was burned during their occupancy), sometimes in the Grove Schoolhouse, and sometimes in the chapel of the First Church, till the erection of the present church edifice, which was dedicated Mar. 13, 1861. The original cost was $4,000, Dea. Tyler Batcheller making a generous donation, and others of the Congrega- tional churches following his example.


The coming on of the Civil War, and the stagnation of business nearly swamped the enterprise, and almost starved out the preacher. " These were days of heroism ; and we cannot refrain from saying, All honor to the noble men whose deeds [of self-denial for religion's sake, and of valor in the tented field] made them heroes !" At the close of 1862, the liabilities of the society were $1,400. "During the next Con- ference year, the debt was liquidated by the restless energy of pastor E. S. Chase. There followed a decade of continued prosperity, at the close of which the salary figures ($1,000) stood the highest of any time in the history of the church, and, save once in the long past, the mem- bership (81) was never so large as at that time." Number of members 1885, 58.


List of Preachers after North Brookfield became a Permanent Sta- tion : James Shepard, 1841-2; C. W. Ainsworth, 1843-4; Frederick Stewart, 1845; Albert A. Cook, 1846; Geo. W. Weeks and E. F. Newell, 1847; John Goodwin, 1848; Geo. Bowler, 1849-50 ; John Goodwin, 1851 ; P. Wallingford, 1852-3; M. Leffingwell, 1854; W. J. Pomfret, 1855-7; J. W. Coolidge, 1858-9 ;. Daniel Atkins, 1860-1 ; N. F. Stevens, 1862; E. S. Chase, 1863 ; Edwin S. Snow, 1864-5 ;


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UNION CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH.


Geo. Hewes. 1866-7; Gilbert R. Bent, 1868-9; L. P. Causey, 1870 ; Samuel A. Fuller, 1871 ; W. A. Cheney, 1872-3 ; E. H. Leeseman, 1873; Reuben W. Harlow, 1874; Geo. E. Chapman, 1875-6; J. M. Avann, 1877-9 ; John W. Fulton, 1880-1 ; J. S. Barrows, 1882-3; E. R. Watson, 1883 ; Porter R. Strattan, 1884-5.


UNION CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. - The following account of this Church and Society, was prepared by Dea. Freeman Walker (by request) :


"The records of the Union Congregational Society date its forma- tion, Oct. 29, 1853, on petition of Amasa Walker, Wm Duncan, J. H. Hill, Charles Duncan, T. M. Duncan, Hervey Belcher, Benj. Cummings, Jr., J. H. Field and Lathrop Dorman ; and that the first meeting was called by warrant issued by Freeman Walker, justice of the peace, at which meeting the usual officers were chosen, and bye-laws adopted.


On the 2d day of May 1854, the Society voted to extend an invita- tion to Rev. Levi F. Waldo to become their minister, with a salary of $800. Mr. Waldo was a graduate of the Union Theol. Seminary, and had been pastor of a church in Poughkeepsie, N.Y. He made but little use of manuscripts, and was a very acceptable preacher. A church was organized June 7, 1854, and Mr. W. was installed as pastor, He was dismissed, at his own request, June 13, 1856.


The Society remained without a minister till June 3, 1857, when Rev. WVm H. Beecher was installed, and remained in that office till May 14, 1861, when he was dismissed by a mutual council called for that pur- pose. Mr. B. was the eldest son of the Rev. Lyman Beecher, D.D., and a man of good natural talents, an able off-hand speaker, and had the natural qualifications for a preacher which is hereditary in that remarkable family.


The Society voted Mar. 24, 1862, to engage Rev. J. E. Tower to sup- ply their desk for one year. He was a man of great promise ; had just graduated from Andover Theol. Sem. (A.C. 1858), and great hopes were entertained that he would become permanently attached to the Society. He continued his services till the following August, when he took a vacation. During his absence he was taken suddenly ill, and died at Groton, Aug. 18, 1862, aged 28.


The Society voted Dec. 23, 1862, to invite Rev. Luther Keene (A. C. 1859) to become their minister, which was accepted by him, and he was ordained and installed. At a meeting of the Society April 29, 1867, Mr. K. asked a dismission, which was granted, much to the regret of a great majority of his parishioners.


Dec. 2, 1867, the Society engaged the services of the Rev John Dodge to supply their desk for one year, on a salary of $1,400. He remained for about three years and a half, when he left, and was subse- quently settled in New Braintree.


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SECOND PRECINCT- NORTH BROOKFIELD.


Mar. 10, 1873, the services of Rev. Charles E. Coolidge (And. Theol. Sem. 1870) who had been settled over the First Church in Holyoke, were engaged to supply the desk for one year ; and on the Ist of April it was voted to invite him to settle over the Society ; which he accepted, and arrangements were made for his installation. In the mean time a proposal was made by the First Congregational Society for a union of the two societies ; but after a protracted negotiation, satisfactory terms of union could not be agreed upon, and the effort was abandoned. Dur- ing the pendency of this negotiation, Mr. Coolidge withdrew his accept- ance of the call, and left, after preaching about a year and a half - although the Society voted, 19 to 3, to renew the call.


The Society was variously supplied till May 3, 1876, when they voted to extend an invitation to Rev. George H. Wilson to settle over them in the ministry ; and he was ordained Sept. 6, 1876. Mr. Wilson was a graduate of Bangor Theol. Seminary, and was very acceptable as a preacher. The loss of his wife soon after his marriage and settlement, was a severe trial, and probably had an influence in his seeking a dis- mission from his charge, which, at his own request, was effected June I, 1878.


The Society voted Mar. 3, 1879, to invite Rev. John W. Hird to be- come its minister, and he was installed Mar. 28, 1879, and still continues in office, to the general acceptance of his people. He was born in England, graduated at Yale College 1871, and at Andover Theol. Sem. 1874. It will become the duty of some future historian, to describe the man, his talents, and the results of his ministry.


The Meeting-house of this Society was built by an Association upon the joint stock principle ; the shares being placed at $50 each, of which 177 were taken. The stockholders organized Oct. 1, 1853, by choosing Freeman Walker to preside as moderator, Thomas H. Tucker, treasurer, Hiram Knight, clerk. The location for the meeting-house was purchased of Chas P. Adams for $2,000. The house having been completed, the entire property and franchise was transferred by deed Feb. 17, 1855, to the Union Congregational Society. The pews were appraised for an amount sufficient to cover the entire cost of the house ; and the Society sold the choice of the same at auction. The results of the sale were :


Pews taken at the appraisal, $10,385


Choice money . 1,615 $12,000


Cost of house 10,650 "


CATHOLIC CHURCH. - St. Joseph's Parish, in North Brookfield, was organized in 1865.


It has been in charge of the Rev. Michael Walsh, the Rev. Daniel F. Cronin, and the Rev. J. P. Tuite. Full statistics could not be obtained.


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REPRESENTATIVES TO GENERAL COURT.


LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE MASS. LEGISLATURE. From Brookfield.


Thomas Baker, 1719.


Joseph Dwight, 1731, '33, '34, '35, '36, '38, '39, '41, '48 and '49. Speaker of the House, '51.


Samuel Barns, 1733.


Josiah Converse, 1740, '42, 43, '45, '47, '50.


Thomas Gilbert, 1744, '46.


William Ayres, 1753.


Jabez Upham, 1756, '57, '58, '59, '60.


Jedediah Foster, 1761, '62, '63, '64, '65 '66, '67, '68, '69, '70, '71, '72, '73, '74, '75,'79. Benjamin Rice, 1776, '77, '83, '84.


John Phipps, 1777. James Converse, 1777.


John Lyscomb, 1778.


Dwight Foster, 1780, '91, '92, 1808, '09.


Phinehas Upham, 1781, '82, '85, '97.


Daniel Forbes, 1786, '87, '88, '89, '90. Nathaniel Jenks, 1787. Thomas Hale, Jr., 1793, '94, 95, '96, '99, 1810, '11, ['13, '17.] John Cutler, 1799, 1800, '01, '02, '03.


Jabez Upham, Jr., 1804, '05, '06, 'II. Eleazar Bradshaw, 1806. Oliver Crosby, 1806, '07, '08, '09, '10, '11, '12, '13, '14. Rufus Hamilton, 1808, '09, '10. Isaac Nichols, 1808.


Simeon Draper, 1809, '12, '15, '16, '17, '18, '19, '29, '30.


Elisha Hammond, 1810, '12, '15.


Elijah Clapp, 1811.


From North Brookfield.


Ezra Batcheller, 1812 (unseated), '41, '69. Thomas Hale, 1813, '17, in all nine years. Daniel Gilbert, 1820. Charles Henshaw, 1823. Eli Forbes, 1827, '34. William Adams, 1828, '29, '36. Tyler Batcheller, 1831, '35. John Bigelow, 1832. Jonathan Cary, 1833. Oliver Ward, 1835.




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