USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Cambridge > Manning's Cambridge Directory 1944 > Part 3
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34
CHURCHES
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
The Salvation Army
402 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE KIRKLAND 0272
An organization founded to awaken in men and women a sense of their spiritual worth to them- selves and their community and to develop youth for the responsibilities of the future.
THE SALVATION ARMY
SERVICES
ADULT
Wed. 2:30 p. m.
Thur. 7:30 p. m.
Sun. 10:30 a. m.
Sun. 7:30 p. m.
YOUNG PEOPLE
Mon. 7:30 p. m.
Tues. 3:30-7:30 p. m.
Wed. 7:00-8:00 p. m.
Thurs. 6:30 p. m. Fri. 6:30 p. m.
Sun. 1:30-6:00 p. m.
Commanding Officers MAJOR AND MRS NEWMAN J. CURTIS Chairman of the Advisory Board MR. JEROME D. GREENE
35
COMMUNITY SOCIAL SERVICE
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
SOCIAL SERVICE IN CAMBRIDGE
That Cambridge has a "social conscience" is ably attested to by the well-balanced and thoughtfully integrated health and social serv- ice program maintained by its voluntary and tax supported agencies and institutions for health, welfare and recreation. The Council of Social Agencies, the planning body for this group, was organized for "the co-ordination of all welfare services for the betterment of conditions in Cambridge."
The city's oldest voluntary agency dates back to the early 'zo's, and its newest was established in July, 1943, thus demon- strating that the program is not static -- that Cambridge is alert to current demands and to the needs of its people, whatever may be the nature or duration of those needs.
Twenty voluntary agencies alone operate on an annual budget in excess of $1,000, ooo, of which more than twenty percent is contributed through the community chest, locally known as The Cambridge Community Federation, and affiliated with the Greater Boston Community Fund.
36
CIVIC ACTIVITIES
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
CAMBRIDGE COMMUNITY FEDERATION
18 BRATTLE ST.
TRO 5214
Participant in the Greater Boston United War. Fund
"To promote co-operation among charitable social agencies in Cambridge, to raise funds, - - _ for the support of such agencies, and to assist them in providing services adequate to the needs of the community."
MEMBER AGENCIES
Avon Home
Cambridge Art Center for Children, Inc.
Cambridge Camping Association, Inc.
Cambridge Community Center, Inc.
Cambridge Council, Boy Scouts of America, Inc.
Cambridge Girl Scouts, Inc.
Cambridge Homes for Aged People
Cambridge Hospital
Cambridge Neighborhood House
Cambridge Tuberculosis and Health Association
The Cambridge Visiting Nursing Association Cambridge Y. M. C. A.
The Cambridge Y. W. C. A.
Catholic Charitable Bureau
Council of Social Agencies in Cambridge Volunteer Service Bureau Vocational Guidance Service East End Union of Cambridge, Massachusetts The Family Welfare Society of Cambridge Margaret Fuller House, Inc. Society of St. Vincent de Paul
37
CIVIC ACTIVITIES
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
CAMBRIDGE HOMES FOR AGED PEOPLE
360 MOUNT AUBURN ST. CAMBRIDGE, MASS. Incorporated 1887
OFFICERS
President. Treasurer Clerk.
HON. ROBERT WALCOTT E. WILLARD PHIPPEN MISS ALICE QUIRIN
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Oakes I. Ames Mrs. Alexander H. Bill
Mrs. Howard Knowlton William H. Pear E. Willard Phippen
Robert A. Cushman
Mrs. S. Bruce Elwell
Mrs. Harry S. Rand
Miss Frances Fowler
Mrs. Edward Read
Mrs. Louis C. Graton Erastus H. Hewitt Mrs. Byron S. Hurlbut Mrs. William F. Hurter Dana Hyde Edward Ingraham Miss Mabel A. Jones
Mrs. Huntington Saville Maj. G. K. Saurwein
Mrs. William D. Swan
Mrs. Wilson Vandermark
Mrs. Horace Van Everen
Hon. Robert Walcott
Mrs. J. Bertram Williams
Member of Cambridge Community Federation
38
CIVIC ACTIVITIES
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
THE CAMBRIDGE VISITING NURSING ASSOCIATION, INC.
CAMBRIDGE
MASSACHUSETTS
35 Bigelow St.
Tel. KIR 2620
CALL US IF YOU NEED
1. Bedside nursing for yourself or for your family.
2. Prenatal care.
3. Instruction in the care and feeding of children.
4. Care during an operation or confinement. After care.
If unable to pay the full amount you may pay in part, or receive this service without payment.
For a visit not exceeding one hour $1.00
For a visit by appointment not exceeding one hour (bet- ween 8:30 a. m. and 5 p. m.) $1.25
For massage $1.00-$3.00 For attendance at deliveries and operations $3.00-5.00
Member of Cambridge Community Federation
39
EDUCATIONAL-SCHOOLS
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
THE PROSPECT UNION EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE
18 BRATTLE ST .- Room 450 CAMBRIDGE, MASS.
Tel. TRO 3080
Serves as a clearing house for adult education in Greater Boston. Publishes annually, "Educational Opportunities in Greater Boston."
Provides educational and personal guidance. Investi- gates and approves schools in Greater Boston.
No charge for any service The Exchange is supported by endowment
Professor JAMES FORD President
ZELDA LIONS, Director
CAMBRIDGE VOCATIONAL COUNSELLING SERVICE
Tel. TRO 3080
18 BRATTLE ST .- Room 452 CAMBRIDGE, MASS.
Provides vocational and personal guidance. Small charge for testing
ROBERT L. PEEL, Supervisor
Sponsored by the Council of Social Agencies in Cambridge and the Prospect Union Educational Exchange
40
SETTLEMENT HOUSE
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
Cambridge Community Center 49 HOWARD STREET
Cambridge Neighborhood House 79 MOORE STREET
CAMBRIDGE SETTLEMENTS
Offer recreational and educational opportunities to over 3000 house members. lude all ages with no restriction of coloror creed.
Render constant personal service through staff members and volun- teers.
Co-operate with other private and Public agencies in programs of social and civic betterment.
Member of Cambridge Council of Social Agencies.
Member of Cambridge Community Federation.
EAST END UNION 105 SPRING STREET
MARGARET FULLER HOUSE 71 CHERRY STREET
41
CIVIC ACTIVITIES
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
THE AVON HOME 1000 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE
Since 1874 The Avon Home has served Cambridge children by offering foster home placement for infants and children who cannot remain in their own homes, supervision of children in their own homes whenever that is possible, and placement in adoption homes when this seems the best plan for the child.
OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES
President JOHN C. BAKER
Treasurer ALVAN B. HATHAWAY
Vice President HARVEY P. HOOD, II
Clerk
MRS. ERNEST F. LANGLEY
Mrs. Arthur S. Bennink
Zrs. Francis S. Kershaw
Mrs. Arlie V. Bock
Mrs. Alfred C. Redfield
Hans L. Carstensen
Mrs. Arthur Schlesinger
Mrs. John H. Corcoran
Mrs. Livingston Stebbins
Mrs. Wallace B. Donham
Mrs. W. Donnison Swan, Jr.
Mrs. Sidney B. Fay
Mrs. Soma Weiss
Mrs. George B. Weston
Cecil E. Fraser Arthur M. Goodridge
Mrs. C. H. C. Wright
Stephen E. Young General Secretary Miss Esther J. Stuart
Member of Cambridge Community Federation
42
CHURCHES-ASSOCIATIONS-Y. M. C. A.
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
CAMBRIDGE YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION
820 Mass. Ave TRO 3860 "To inspire and assist young men toward a realization of the highest Christian ideals by striving to achieve integrity of character, constructive living and finer human re- lations."
YMCA
Active membership open to boys and men of all races and creeds. Opportunities for participation in a wide range of cultural programs, social events and recreational activities. Membership fees: from $1.00-$15.00 a year, depending on age and privileges.
PHYSICAL PRIVILEGES
Gymnasium and swimming pool, the latter open also to women and girls.
SOCIAL EVENTS
Dances, movies, bridge parties, tournaments, outings, etc. RECREATIONAL AND CLUB ROOMS Billiards, bowling, cards, checkers, chess, cribbage, library, pool tables, reading room, table tennis.
DORMITORY SECTION
Price range $2.50-$6.00 Club Privileges. Membership required.
BOYS' CAMPS
Camp Massapoag at Dunstable, Mass. Weekly rate $12.00.
Informal counselling service, public affairs forums, leader- ship training through committee and club responsibility, talks, clubs, discussion groups.
Member of Cambridge Community Federation.
43
CHURCHES-ASSOCIATIONS-Y. W. C. A.
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
A Pleasant Place for Girls and Young Women to Live Transient and Permanent Guests Accommodated Delicious Food At Moderate Cost Information Service Open 24 Hours A Day
Young Women's Christian Association
7 TEMPLE ST., CENTRAL SQUARE CAMBRIDGE, MASS. Phones KIRkland 1102 and 1103
RATES Permanent Rates-$7.70 to $10.20 per week-Includes two meals and use of laundry
Transient Rates-for Room Only Per Night $1.00, $1.50, $1.75; Weekly $5, $6, $7
Pres, Mrs. William M. Tanner; Vice-Pres, Miss Emily MacFarlane Treas, Mrs. Harris S. Whittemore
Clubs and Activities for High School and Business Girls Recreation-Gymnasium-Dancing Vocational Guidance-Dramatics Member of Cambridge Community Federation
Member of Cambridge Community Federation.
44
CIVIC ACTIVITIES
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
AMERICAN RED CROSS
AMERICAN RED CROSS
"To furnish volunteer aid to the sick and wounded of armies in time of war in matters of voluntary relief and in accord with the military and naval authorities as a medium of communication between the people of the United States and their Army and Navy - From Charter, Act of Congress, 1905.
To acı
CAMBRIDGE CHAPTER 53 Church St., Eliot 7800
OFFICERS
CHAIRMAN Harding U. Greene
VICE-CHAIRMEN Rt. Rev. A. F. Hickey Robert L. Goodale
TREASURER Alvan B. Hathaway
SECRETARY Mrs. Walter E. Clark
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Mrs. Marion C. Adams
Mrs. Lauriston C. Marshall
SERVICES
VOLUNTEER SPECIAL SERVICES
VOLUNTEER SPECIAL SERVICES
Home Service
Home Nursing
Staff Assistants
Nurses Aides 1
First Aid
Canteen
Home Service Corps
Junior Red Cross
Production
Disaster Relief
Sewing
Nutrition
Knitting
Surgical Dressings
Motor Corps
Blood Donation Nurse Recruitment
VOLUNTEER WORKERS-approximately 8,000, giving whole or part time, including those in some fifty sewing groups. Hours worked-327,233
WORKROOMS-23 Church St., 18 Brattle St., Central Square, 714 Mass. Ave. East Cambridge, Branch Library. North Cambridge, Fire Sta- tion. Mt. Auburn, 22 Larch Road.
FINANCES
Supported by voluntary subscription, in annual campaign. Number of sub- scribers 19,802. Amount: raised in 1943, $177,377. Amount allotted to Am National Red Cross $92,400. Amount allotted to Cambridge Chapter $84,800.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
Mrs. Melville Eastham
Mrs. Thorvald S. Ross
Stoughton Bell
Wm. H. Reardon, Jr.
Mrs. Karl T. Compton
Hospital and Recrea- tion SPECIAL PROJECTS
Water Safety Camp and Hospital
CITY OF CAMBRIDGE
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
45
Room 2 &12-Auditor 3-4-Treasurer and Collector 5-6-7-Water Department 8-9-City Clerk 11-Purchasing Agent 12-Budget Department
13-City Solicitor
14-15-City Manager 17-18-Mayor
CAMBRIDGE CITY HALL, 815 Mi33chusetts Avenue. Telephone Tro.6800 Directory of Departments Room 19-Council Chambers 20-Messenger 21-Assessors 24-Rationing Board 24A-License Commission
25-Park, Recreation Departments
28-Superintendent of Buildings --- Plumbing Inspector 32-Selective Service Bureau
33-Health Bureau
46
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
CITY OF CAMBRIDGE
1942 CAMBRIDGE CITY COUNCIL 1943
Back Row: MICHAEL A. SULLIVAN,
MARCUS MORTON, Jr.,
JOHN D LYNCH,
HYMAN PILL Front: THOMAS M McNAMARA, WILLIAM M. HOGAN, Jr., JOHN H. CORCORAN, Mayor, *EDWARD F. CRANE FRANCIS L. SENNOTT
*In US Military Service - FRANK P. SCULLY, Substitute
ORGANIZATION CHART - CITY OF CAMBRIDGE
VOTERS OF CAMBRIDGE
SCHOOL COMMITTEE
CITY CLERK
CITY MESSENGER
CLERK OF COMMITTEES
SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
FINANCE SERVICES
PUBLIC WORKS SERVICES
PROTECTIVE SERVICES LIFE & PROPERTY
HEALTH SERVICES
WELFARE SERVICES
CITY TREASURER
CITY MANAGER
1
POLICE DEPT.
FIRE DEPT.
BOARD OF HEALTH
Al TRUSTEES OF THE CAMB CITY HOSPITAL
BUDGET EXAMINER
RETIREMENT BOARD
SINKING FUND COMMISSIONERS
HEALTH DEPT
CITY HOSPITAL DEPT.
PURCHASING DEPT.
BOARD OF ASSESSORS
BUILDING DEPT.
ELECTRICAL DEPT.
SEALER OF WG'TS. & MEAS.
BOARD OF APPEAL
OVERSEERS OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SOLDIERS AID DEPT.
EMPLOYMENT BUREAU
CITY MISSIONARY
PUBLIC WELFARE DEPT.
WATER DEPT.
STREET & BRIDGE DEPTS.
ENGINEERING DEPT.
CEMETERY DEPT.
BD. OF PARK COMMISSIONERS
SEWER DEPT.
FENCE VIEWERS
PK. & RECREATION DEPTS.
CITY INFIRMARY
CITY PHYSICIAN
CAMBRIDGE HOUSING AUTHORITY
TRS OF THE BRIDGE CHARITABLE FUND
CAMBRIDGE INDUSTRIAL COMMISSION
CAMBRIDGE BD OF MUNICIPAL DEFENSE
CAMBRIDGE PLANNING BOARD
TRUSTEES OF THE BULLOCK FUND
TRUSTEES OF THE DOWSE INSTITUTE
TRS. OF THE SANDERS TEMPERANCE FUND
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
CITY OF CAMBRIDGE
47
CITY COUNCIL MAYOR
CITY SOLICITOR
CITY AUDITOR
BD. OF LICENSE COMMISSION
POLE & CONDUIT COMMISSION
BD. OF HEALTH LABORATORY
CAMBRIDGE SANITORIUM
INSPECTOR OF ANIMALS
WATER BOARD
LIBRARY TRUSTEES
48
CITY OF CAMBRIDGE
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
Where your Tax Dollar goes
NOTICE OF REAL ESTATE TAX January 1, 1943
THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS CITY OF CAMBRIDGE Office of the Collector of Tazes
RESERVE FUND DAMAGES DEFENSE
DOCUMENTS
SCHOO
.737
GENERAL GOVERNMENT
1.142
MISCELLANEOUS
5.231
L
WEL
2.506
2.303
FIRE
POLICE
MAŞ
.617
33.9
2.490 /
4.424
PUBLIC WORKS
STAT COUN
.519
FINANCE
.801
STREET LIGHTING
1.962
993
HOSPITAL
.346
· LIBRARY
ON EACH $1,000 VALUATION
INCOME AND EXPENDITURES Income
Real Estate Taxes .... $6,283,463.97
Schools.
$1,871,444.89
Debt.
1,478,585.64
Welfare.
1,229,561.00
Public Works
1,039,968.70
Fire.
589,047.08
State and County
585,438.94
Police. 541,357.59
Hospital. 461,086.97
Pensions 370,569.51
Miscellaneous.
267,842.16
Health. 233,539.90
Street Lighting
188,233.99
General Government
173,579.87
Parks and Recreation .
144,814.40
Finance.
121,886.74
Libraries. 81,445.65
$9,378,403.03
Expenditures
Personal Property
Taxes.
495,897.15
Poll Taxes
69,908.00
State. 925,333.93
Motor Vehicle Ex-
cise Taxes. 150,000.00
Departmental Receipts 1,263,799.98
Surplus Revenue 190,000.00
TOTAL
Comm. Sewer lat.
7.962
Form 108
TAX RATE 1943 $39.90 om $1000
You are hereby notified that your 1949 REAL ESTATE. TAX la so follower
OVERDUB TANKI SUBJECT TO THE PENALTIES OF INT BELST, DEMAND, CHABON) AND FOR6 Checka, drafts or money erdere must be merle payable ta the City of Cambridge If receipt is deured, enclose on addressed envelope with antire bull.
CHARGES sad FEES.
TAX
7
TOTAL .
LINE
PAGE
MR
Cambridge, Mass,
7
ARTHUR G. MackENZIE COLLECTOR OF TAXES
BOOK
O
H
THIS TAX MAY BE PAID IN FULL
RECREATION AND PARK
7
,
EALLA
6.290
1.577
HEALTH
DEBT AND INTEREST:
PENSIONS
$9,378,403.03
Sidewalk
/Comm.Sidow Tint.
INTEREST
DEMAND
the Board of Autor on or before October 1, 19
HOMEOWNER
Any application for abetemeet or meenption must be filed in writing on An Atesovan roan whh For information regarding the tan aseeseed, inquire of the Board of Amomsen.
Tas due aud payable in two equal instalments, July 1. 1943 and October 1, 194).
Office Hours: # A. M. to 5 P. M. Saturday & A. M. to 12 Noem.
This form approved by Hoary F. Long, Commissioner of Corporacions und Taxation
49
CITY OF CAMBRIDGE
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
"OUR MUNICIPAL LEADERS"
Mayor, JOHN H. CORCORAN City Manager, JOHN B. ATKINSON
CAMBRIDGE
Long known as the University City, might well be called the Candy City, Soap City, or the Industrial City. It is ideally situated on the bank of the historically famous Charles River which tends to enhance its beauty and to serve its many industries. Cambridge is located across the river from Boston and is bordered by Arlington, Bel- mont, Somerville, and Watertown. Schools and Colleges, stores and warehouses, churches and convents, homes and apartment houses, all contribute their share in mak- ing Cambridge a delightful place to live and a desirable place for business or industry.
Beginning in January 1942 Cambridge has been under a new type of government. This is the Council-Manager type, sometimes called "The Plan E Government". This form of municipal administration calls for the election of nine Councillors by the proportional representation me- thod and the selection by these Councillors, once elected of one of their members to be Mayor. The Councillors, then elect the Manager, who serves until removed by the Council.
In two years $6.40 has been cut from the tax rate and the City for the first time in 50 years has not borrowed any money, but has paid off 31% of its bonded debt. Services to the citizens have been increased and new apparatus purchased as well as a complete reclassifying of all muni- cipal employees and the standardization of salaries with annual increments. Municipal buildings have been re- paired and renovated and office space for various depart- ments enlarged. Obsolete methods of procedure have been modernized and made efficient in their function of serving the public. By a planned system of planting and supervision parks have been beautified and flower beds have replaced weeds and gravel. A new sense of civic pride in keeping Cambridge clean is gradually gaining results and home owners and residents vie with each other in the appearance of their lawns and street. Cam-
50
CITY OF CAMBRIDGE
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
bridge has 10 fire stations equipped with the best and most modern equipment and has an adequate and well trained police department. The City maintains its own Water Department and has a water supply capacity of 4,326,- 000,000 gallons with a daily average of 12,002,241 gallons and 152 miles of water mains. There are 179 miles of sewer pipes throughout the City.
Cambridge has nine hospitals which offer 1200 beds to the community for the treatment of the sick. The city has seven theatres with a seating capacity of 6200 for the entertainment of the public. There are four weekly newspapers and a Cambridge page in one Metropolitan Daily. Within the City there are 218 associations, socie- ties, and fraternal organizations which offer an opportun- ity to the citizen who is interested in the various religious, civic and fraternal movements.
The City offers excellent banking facilities to the industrialist, the business man, the home owner and the citizens. There are fifteen banks located in Cambridge, five of which are commercial, six are savings and four are co-operative banks with total assets of $158,549,000. The assessed valuation of property is $157,480,300 on real estate and $12,428,500 on personal property with a tax rate of $39.90 which is $6.40 less than in 1941.
Cambridge today the third ranking city in New England in industry began its industrial importance with the Stephen Daye press and the first book published in the colonies. Thus hand in hand with education it has progressed forward until today its products are known throughout the world. Many of these industries are engaged in full time war production and have received 14 Army and Navy "E" awards and several citations for excellence in production. "Cambridge is an outstand- ing example of diversification in industry, and offers all the advantages that such diversification brings." Millions of dollars worth of products such as soap, bread and bakery products, candy, rubber goods, therapeutic sup- plies and equipment, furniture, books, paper boxes, sheet metal products, shoes and shoe findings, plumbers' sup- plies, window and door screens, weather strips, beverages and planing mill products are produced and manufac- tured in Cambridge. This is by no means a complete list nor is it an account of all the most important products, it serves only to show the wide divergence of industries.
Cambridge has four major retail centres. Several miles of store fronts line Massachusetts Avenue and Cambridge Street with the principal shopping centres located in Inman Square, Central Square, Harvard Square and Porter Square. Because of very good bus, trolley and bway service Harvard Square and Central Square are two of the largest retail centres in the Metropolitan system.
The spiritual life of the City is well cared for through the 70 churches. These edifices are well distributed serv- ing the entire city. There are 12 Roman Catholic, 10
51
CITY OF CAMBRIDGE
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
Baptist, 9 Episcopal, 9 Methodist Episcopal; 4 Congrega- tional; 3 Presbyterian; 2 Nazarene; 2 Lutheran; 3 Hebrew; 2 Greek Orthodox; 2 Swedenborgian; 2 Unitarian; 1 Swed- ish Evangelical; 1 Spiritualist; 1 Universalist; 1 Armenian Universalist and 5 miscellaneous churches. The Y. M. C. A. and the Y. W. C. A. are both well housed and are very active. There are 13 religious homes or convents as well as 7 homes or asylums.
There are 24 public schools in Cambridge including 2 high schools. There are 10 parochial schools in Cam- bridge including a girls' high school and a co-ed high school. Value of the public school property is over five million dollars and of the parochial school property over three hundred thousand dollars. Harvard University, one of the oldest and best known institutions in North America, is located here. It was named after John Harvard who, in the early days of its founding, was one of its greatest benefactors. Registration has run well over 8000 and the college alone has had as many as 3500 students. The faculty has had as many as 1800 serving on it. At present the facilities of this great institution are contri- buting to the training and education of officers in both the army and navy. The Harvard yard is the scene of men in khaki and men marching to class and performing military maneuvers.
Radcliffe college also located in Cambridge is doing its share in training young women for naval duty. The WAVES have taken over a portion of this campus and are being prepared to take their place on active duty. Massa- chusetts Institute of Technology located on the Charles River has a beautiful setting and has contributed much to the world. Over 3000 students attend this great institution and receive instruction from a faculty of over 500 of the finest scientific body in the world. Its great laboratories are today aiding in the war effort and many army and navy units receive their instruction here. The Sargent School of Boston University is situated in Cambridge and adds to the great array of higher educa- tional institutions found in Cambridge. In all there are over 40 schools, colleges or academies in Cambridge which gives to the City the title of the foremost educational center in America.
Cambridge has ten parks, not including Metropolitan parkways. Also there are many playgrounds under excellent supervision. Within a radius of sixty miles there are over one hundred schools to offer competition to the high school athletic teams and Harvard University brings on some of the best college teams in the country. By railroad, bus and highway Cambridge has easy access to the New England "Playground of the Nation," as well as the many fine beaches along the seacoast. The City also has three excellent beaches.
Two divisions of the Boston and Maine Railroad serve the City and through interconnecting tracks both the
52
CITY OF CAMBRIDGE
1944-CAMBRIDGE DIRECTORY-1944
Boston and Albany and New Haven Railroad systems bring a very important freight service to Cambridge. A great majority of Cambridge firms have railroad tracks right at their door. The Boston and Albany Railroad have over ten miles of industrial sidings in Cambridge giving service to two hundred industries. The Boston and Albany has a large Cambridge Freight House equipped with modern machinery for handling all kinds of freight. The Boston and Maine Railroad has a large classification yard in Cambridge capable of handling over two million cars a year. These yards are ringed about by terminals which are capable of meeting all traffic needs. The City is also the headquarters of many large fleets of trucks and offer- ing all types of trucking service including door to door pick up and refrigerator trucking. Easy access to main highways and freedom from traffic congestion is in no small way responsible for this. U. S. routes 1 and 3 and Mass. State routes 2 and 28 offer through routes for rapid traffic to all points of the compass as well as easy access to mountain, lake, shore, and country.
Cambridge, on the Charles River, was at one time a port of prominence and even today coal, coke, oil, gasoline, sand and lumber arrive in large quantities by boat through the locks of the Charles River Dam. Shipping lanes of the Atlantic are easily accessible to Cambridge. The East Boston Airport is only a few minutes travel and offers a global air service after the war.
Cambridge traces its history to the very roots of the founding of this country for it was in 1630 just ten years after the Pilgrim Fathers landed on Plymouth Rock that Cambridge was settled. Two hundred and sixteen years later it was incorporated as a City. Washington as- sumed command of the Continental Army in Cambridge and lived here. Troops which fought at Bunker Hill were quartered in Cambridge and it was Cambridge men who fought the British in their March to Concord in 1775. Several historic spots are marked and a book Historic Spots in Cambridge is an excellent guide to visitors. (Space does not permit an exhaustive list of historical markers therefore refer you to page 20 in Directory).
The City borders on the Charles River for four miles which frontage consists mostly of a parkway with a wide highway throughout its length. Cambridge has an area of about 6.5 square miles and is unusually level with main arteries intersected by pleasant shaded streets. The one major elevation is Observatory Hill, home of the Harvard University Observatory, which is in the North Central section of the City.
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