USA > Massachusetts > Suffolk County > Boston > Metropolitan Boston; a modern history; Volume III > Part 33
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No. 2. Clan Mckenzie, Sir Walter Scott Hall, 11 Appleton, first and third Thursday. William Dalgleish, secretary, 13 Adams, Arlington.
No. 32. Clan Cameron, second and fourth Tuesday, 32 Central Square, East Boston. Daniel F. MacKay, secretary, 102 Saratoga, East Boston.
No. 54. Clan Farquharson, Bethesda Hall, 409 West Broadway, South Boston, first and third Tuesday. Harry Wright, secretary, 69 Lyndhurst, Dorchester.
No. 101. Clan Macleod, Odd Fellows' Hall, Fairmount Avenue, Hyde Park, first and third Monday. Colin M. Chisholm, secretary, 1028 River, Dorchester.
No. 208. Clan MacKinlay, Evangeline Hall, 214 Dudley, second and fourth Thursday. Earl P. Williams, secretary, 272 Boston Avenue, Medford.
No. 239. Clan Robertson, first and third Wednesday, Winona Hall, Geneva Avenue, corner Bloomfield Street, Dorchester. E. Francis MacNeill, secretary, 24 Whitman, Dorchester.
Auxiliary Clans.
No. 33. Auxiliary to Clan Robertson, Winona Hall, Bloomfield, Dorchester, second and fourth Friday.
DAUGHTERS OF SCOTIA. Grand Lodge.
Grand Chief, Mrs. Margaret Wyllie, Newark, New Jersey.
Secretary, Mrs. Jeanie Milne, Swissvale, Pennsylvania.
Treasurer, Mrs. Jean G. Broadley, Elizabeth, New Jersey.
Subordinate Lodges.
No. II. Jeanie Deans, first and third Thursday, Brunswick Hall, 214 Dudley, Roxbury. Mrs. B. L. Grace, secretary, 53 Moreland, Roxbury.
No. 95. Lady Farquharson, second and fourth Monday, Pilgrim Hall, 732 East Broad- way, South Boston. Margaret Slade, secretary, 620 Columbus Avenue, Dorchester. No. 113. Lady Tulloch, second and fourth Tuesday, Lincoln Hall, 58 Centre, Jamaica Plain. Mrs. Sadie R. Shaw, secretary, 45 Wenham, Jamaica Plain.
ORDER OF UNITED COMMERCIAL TRAVELERS OF AMERICA. Boston Council, No. 44.
Meets fourth Saturday, Berkeley Hall, 4 Berkeley Street.
Senior Counselor, George H. Dakin.
Junior Counselor, Emile C. Franzmann.
Past Counselor, William B. Seigmous, Jr.
Conductor, Joseph T. Hunter.
Page, Charles S. Hopkins.
Sentinel, Fred J. Smith.
Chaplain, John S. Goodway. Secretary and Treasurer, Henry F. Marson, 19 Electric Avenue, West Somerville.
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METROPOLITAN BOSTON
ROYAL ARCANUM.
Main office, 407 Shawmut Avenue, Samuel N. Hoag, Supreme Secretary.
Office of the Grand Council for Massachusetts, 101 Tremont, room 909.
Grand Regent, Charles H. Holgate, Boston.
Grand Vice Regent, John F. McGarrahan, Cambridge.
Grand Orator, William C. Root, Pittsfield.
Past Grand Regent, John M. Brennan, Roslindale. Grand Secretary, William L. Kelt, Allston.
Grand Treasurer, George E. Hill, Worcester.
Grand Chaplain, Neil A. Clark, Lowell.
Grand Guide, James W. Goode, Jamaica Plain.
Grand Warden, Frank S. Marshall, Lowell.
Grand Sentry, William W. Brittain, Springfield.
State Medical Examiner, E. Scott Dow, M. D.
Annual meeting fourth Thursday in April.
Subordinate Councils in Boston.
No. I. Alpha, 214 Dudley, Roxbury, first and third Friday. Frank Moses, secre- tary, 46 Glover Avenue, Atlantic.
No. 2. Eliot, Guild Hall, 2374 Washington, Roxbury, second and fourth Wednes- day. William A. Blossom, secretary, II Humboldt Avenue, Roxbury.
No. 4. Boston, 515 Tremont, second and fourth Monday. Gideon G. Ryde, secre- tary, P. O. Box 2179, Boston.
No. 10. Washington, 184 Dudley, Roxbury, first and third Friday. Seth D. Geer, secretary, 80 Spencer, Dorchester.
No. 60. Suffolk, Brunswick Hall, 214 Dudley, Roxbury, second Friday. W. G. Baker, secretary, II Beethoven, Roxbury.
No. 79. Forest, 66 Seaverns Avenue, Jamaica Plain, first Wednesday. William P. Carpenter, secretary, 71 Spring Park Avenue, Jamaica Plain.
No. 103. Warren, 328 Washington, Dorchester, first and third Tuesday. George W. Taylor, secretary, 15a Wabon, Roxbury.
No. 169. Maverick, 163 Meridian, East Boston, second and fourth Thursday. W. H. Duncan, secretary, 154 Harvard, Newtonville.
No. 268. Allston, I. O. O. F. Hall, Union Square, Allston, first and third Monday. Myron B. Collier, secretary, 25 Linden, Allston.
No. 437. Dorchester, Winthrop Hall, 570 Columbia Road, Dorchester, first and third Monday. John H. Donovan, secretary, 345 Thatcher, Milton.
No. 538. Winthrop, G. A. R. Hall, 454 Fourth, South Boston, second and fourth Mon- day. Thomas E. O'Brien, secretary, 271 Boston, Dorchester.
No. 570. Charlestown, I Linwood Place, Charlestown, second and fourth Tuesday. George R. Rucker, secretary, 8 Marcella, Roxbury.
No. 693. Charles Sumner, Otisfield Hall, 17 Otisfield, Roxbury, second and fourth Tuesday. A. Levy, secretary, 40 Quint Avenue, Allston.
No. 835. Jamaica Plain, 670 Centre, Jamaica Plain, second and fourth Monday. John M. Call, secretary, 101 Tremont, second floor.
No. 1306. Roslindale, Fairview Hall, 43 Poplar, Roslindale, first and third Monday. Maurice H. Flanagan, secretary, 1015 South, Roslindale.
No. 1858. Blackstone, Auxiliary Hall, 184 Dudley, Roxbury, first and third Wednesday. John M. Plunkett, secretary, 60 Wyman, Jamaica Plain.
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FRATERNAL ORDERS, SOCIETIES, AND CLUBS
No. 2139. Codman, 2 Bloomfield, Dorchester, first and third Thursday. Thomas L. McFarland, 7 Dunlap, Dorchester.
SONS OF ST. GEORGE.
Office, G. W. Secretary, 35 Granite, Cambridge.
Grand Lodge Officers.
Grand President, John T. Giles, Worcester.
Grand Vice-President, John A. Snowdon, Somerville.
Grand Secretary, John W. C. Sargent, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Grand Treasurer, Thomas Hollow, Lawrence.
Grand Messenger, Herbert Horsfall, North Adams.
No. 2. Boston Commandery, U. S. K., John Winthrop Hall, 446 Tremont, second and fourth Wednesday.
No. 67. James A. Garfield Lodge, Intercolonial Hall, 214 Dudley, Roxbury, second and fourth Monday.
No. 222. Hearts of Oak Lodge, Meridian Hall, 163 Meridian, East Boston, first and third Thursday.
No. 275. Commonwealth I. O. O. F. Hall, 37 Fairmount Avenue, Hyde Park, second and fourth Wednesday.
No. 391. General Havelock, Fairview Hall, Roslindale, second and fourth Wednesday. No. 394. Cabot Lodge, Ancient Landmark Hall, 3 Boylston Place, first and third Tuesday.
No. 403. John Bright, Sir Walter Scott Hall, 11 Appleton, second and fourth Wed- nesday.
ORDER OF UNITED AMERICAN MEN.
State Council Office for Massachusetts, 387 Washington, room 712, Boston.
State Councilor, E. G. Wellman, Springfield.
State Vice-Councilor, George L. Sheldon, Beverly.
State Council Secretary, Alfred L. Powell, 387 Washington, room 712.
State Council Treasurer, Fred A. Dodge, Beverly.
State Council Ind., Robert P. Glass, Marblehead.
State Council Ex., Alton F. Pratt, Plymouth.
State Council Protector, Herbert E. Ballard, Marblehead.
State Council Doorkeeper, Percy L. Head, Peabody.
State Council Trustees, E. E. Clarke, Wenham; S. G. Learned, Boston; A. L. Brown, Marblehead.
JUNIOR ORDER UNITED AMERICAN MECHANICS.
State Councilor, Charles J. Lauckner, Lynn.
State Vice-Councilor, Earle W. Stickney, Bradford.
Junior Past State Councilor, John W. Cochrane, Groveland.
State Treasurer, Nathan T. Johnson, New Bedford.
State Secretary, Jesse Robinson, 11 Hawthorn, Bradford.
UNITED ORDER OF GOLDEN CROSS.
Office of Grand Commandery, 40 Court, room 604.
The annual session of the Grand Commandery of Massachusetts is held on the fourth Wednesday in April.
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METROPOLITAN BOSTON
Grand Commander, Mrs. Lela V. Chisholm, Malden.
Grand Keeper of Records, Lindsey K. Foster, 40 Court, room 604.
Grand Treasurer, George A. Johnson, Everett.
Commanderies in Boston.
No. 54. Highland, 214 Neponset Avenue, Dorchester, third Monday.
No. 183. Brighton, Franklin Hall, Brighton, first Friday.
No. 386. Shawmut, 764 East Broadway, South Boston, fourth Monday.
No. 526. Alpha, Evangeline Hall, 214 Dudley, second and fourth Monday.
No. 791. Bloomfield, Masonic Building, 584 Columbia Road, Dorchester, first and third Monday.
UNITED ORDER GOLDEN STAR. (Incorporated.)
Office of Grand Commandery, Bradford, Massachusetts.
The annual session of the Grand Commandery of Massachusetts is held in Boston on the second Thursday in June.
Grand Commander, Edgar H. Walker.
Grand Recorder, Mrs. Hattie A. Walker.
Grand Treasurer, Henry D. Rogers, Needham.
Commanderies in Boston.
No. 3. Eagle, 448 West Fourth, South Boston, third Wednesday.
No. 12. Hope, 400 West Broadway, South Boston, third Thursday.
Clubs-In the earlier part of this chapter it was pointed out that Boston was very much of a club city using the term in the widest sense of the word. Not only are clubs numerous, but they represent prac- tically every sort of interest finding an outlet in group association. These clubs are not only typical of the best characteristics of the city, and of the youthful and varied interests of its inhabitants, but have been of the highest value in conserving forces which might otherwise have been dissipated, and in assimilating and strengthening the varied ele- ments which go to make the city of Boston the unique place that it is. The Metropolis was cautious, and relatively late in accepting the idea that the club was really a necessity in its social and civic life. By in- heritance, the New Englander is a specialist, one accustomed to doing things by himself, the family being the center of his group life; al- though, as we have seen, fraternal orders were organized early and have always been relatively strong. The city cannot be said to have been the leader in civic organization, even though some of its civic or- ganizations have been the models upon which other municipalities have patterned their own federations. There is a reserve about the social life of Boston, a clannishness of family, which delayed the formation of social clubs, and which reserve is reflected in some of its clubs. The visitor is struck with the different atmosphere which pervades the Bos- ton club, an atmosphere which is likened to that of English institutions.
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FRATERNAL ORDERS. SOCIETIES, AND CLUBS
In 1868-There can be no generalizations made concerning the pres- ent clubs of the Metropolis, for the term has been taken by so many different types of organization, that it means nothing in itself. A club, according to the directory, is "An organization of persons for social intercourse, or some other object." Taking it in the old sense, with social intercourse, as the main branch, and for the other, some particular object, such as athletics, civic reforms, political ends, are education, music, or even just eating, professional, or business aims. Just after the Civil War, there are said to have been only three clubs having houses, and only six others in the city. The clubs with homes of their own were the Temple (1829), probably the oldest and the progenitor of the Tremont, which later became the famous Somerset; the Union, a patriotic organization, dating from 1863; and the Boston Yacht Club. All of which are still vital factors in the social life of the present city.
The First Clubs-The Handel and Haydn Club is probably the oldest of the social organizations which are still active-if we exclude the mili- tary and charitable. Even the Handel and Haydn was founded, as most social bodies are, for a double reason, and had a dual purpose; it was both social and musical. Of the strictly social clubs, the Temple, founded in 1829, and lasting until a few years ago, was the oldest of its class. It is still represented in Boston by one of its offshoots, the Som- erset which grew out of the Tremont, the latter being a child of the Temple. The Tremont was formed in 1852. Even as late as 1868, according to Edwin Bacon, there were only nine clubs in Boston. Three of these were social; three were yacht clubs, two were in the boat club class; and one was patriotic, the Union which soon after took on more of its present character. The Temple, the Union, and the Yacht Club, as stated, being the only ones having clubhouses.
In 1890-By 1890, according to Hedley, there were not more than a dozen of the Boston clubs with houses of their own, but he mentions a large number of others, although he is somewhat vague in his definition of what constitutes a club. His list of the more important of these or- ganizations consists of: Somerset, Union, Algonquin, St. Botolph, Art, Puritan, Athletic, Century, Elysium, Massachusetts Yacht, Union Boat, Tavern, Roxbury and Dorchester. There evidently was an impetus given to the formation of clubs in the years that followed the Civil War ; many built houses during this period. The great period of club organi- zation, however, was that from 1880 to 1910, when their numbers reached a height, that even the post-World War period could not equal. The three decades mentioned saw the rise of more than one hundred organizations, the greater number of which are no longer existent.
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Most of the present clubhouses were built at this time. Just before the outbreak of the late war, there were twenty clubhouses in the city, and at least sixty with clubrooms. It is no longer possible to make the classification of the clubs which formerly held, for the term is now applied to many bodies which do not even remotely resemble the social type of a few years back. It has been estimated, that in 1927, there were thirty houses which might be classed with the older type of clubs having homes, and perhaps seventy more like organizations with rooms. This is over and above the numerous charitable, philanthropic, civic, secret, business and professional bodies. One man's guess is as good as another's.
The "Dining Clubs"-There is but one writer, Edwin Bacon, who has tried to gather together the history of some of the clubs of Boston. In his "Recollections of Boston" he has told, in his own inimitable manner, of one type of club which was unique to the Metropolis for some years, but which was copied by other cities. This was the "dining club," a kind which has all but passed, although its principles have been revived in the various organizations which meet at noon or night to eat and talk and plan. For that matter, the dining club is but the survival of the ancient tavern days, when men gathered around the rough table of the "Inn," ate and drank their fill, and discussed political and business conditions, plotted revolution, or just talked. Bacon's picture of that with which he was well acquainted, is, in his own words :
One club feature of the 'sixties peculiar to Boston, which developed largely in the 'seventies and 'eighties, then in the 'nineties began slowly to fade out, was the dining club, political, literary, otherwise professional, and business. These clubs generally met at the hotels, at Parker's, or Young's, or the Revere, during the active seasons, some of them weekly on Saturdays, invariably so the political clubs, others monthly on Saturday evenings. The proceedings of the political clubs, their table-talk and speeches, were among the chief Saturday news 'features' of the newspaper reporters and correspondents. Political questions, party measures, and public men were discussed, and sometimes efforts were made to shape the course of political action, or to lead public opinion. But they were not largely influential; most of them were partisan organizations, and the speech was more that of the ardent 'spell-binder' than the astute politician or political leader. Still the political leader cultivated the festive institution, and occasionally the dining club was made the vehicle for bringing to the public test some new issue or new measure or new man for the governorship or even the Presidency.
Most engaging of these political dining clubs, and indeed father of them all, was the Bird Club, so named for Francis W. Bird, paper manufacturer of Walpole, one of the earliest of genuine Independents in politics, and in his long day, one of the most prominent politicians of the State; a near adviser of Governor Andrew throughout the Civil War period; an early and persistent Free Soiler; influential in the Republican party councils during the earlier years of its history, in 1872 opposing Grant's second election to the Presidency, then in fellowship with the Democratic party, which he joined
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FRATERNAL ORDERS, SOCIETIES, AND CLUBS
with the Greeley campaign; in his latter years the 'Sage of Walpole,' powerful in political affairs because of the faith in his honesty, sagacity, and patriotism. The first Bird Club evolved from Saturday dinners in Young's 'Coffee House,' in the early 'fifties, of a group of Free Soilers, at Mr. Bird's invitation. Later the company enlarged, and the organization came to be called 'Bird's Saturday Dinner Party.' From Young's it removed to a room in the Free Soil headquarters over 'Hanson's grocery store,' then at the upper corner of School and Province streets. The dinners were sent in by a caterer at a cost of fifty cents a plate. Whist and cigars followed the dinner. In 1857, Knownothingism interrupted the harmony of the organization, and at length Mr. Bird, Henry L. Pierce, and others withdrew and formed a new Bird Club. This second Bird Club met at Parker's till 1860, then returned to Young's. In May, 1859, John Brown dined with the club, brought in by George L. Stearns. It is related that early in the Civil War, Mr. Bird was accustomed to offer at the dinner the toast, 'Success to the First Slave Insurrection,' to which Governor Andrew would add the amendment, 'Without the Shedding of Blood.' In 1868 Elizabeth Cady Stanton dined with the club, the only women ever to be its guest. From this second organization Mr. Bird and his Independent friends withdrew in 1872, when they were opposing Grant, and a third Bird Club was formed. The remaining, stalwart Republicans, members of the old organiza- tion, reorganized the following year as the Massachusetts Club, 'for good fellowship only.' From the remnant of the original 'Bird's Saturday Dinner Party,' when Bird and his associates withdrew in 1857, the Banks Club was formed, named for Nathaniel P. Banks, and composed of his political supporters and ardent friends. Banks was made the first president, and held that position continuously until 1880. Then he withdrew, though retaining his membership, and at his earnest request the name was changed. It then became the Boston Club. Between the 'sixties and 'eighties, county clubs, all Repub- lican, were added to the number of dining clubs-as the Middlesex, the Essex, the Nor- folk. These generally dined at Young's. In 1882 the Massachusetts Reform Club, an outgrowth of a spirited civil service campaign of that year, was organized, to dine quarterly at Parker's. Subsequently it took on tariff reform, and became an anti- protective organization. Of these political dining clubs, there yet linger the Massachu- setts and the Middlesex, meeting at irregular intervals, and the Massachusetts Reform.
Of the professional dining clubs of the 'sixties, the literary Saturday Club was unique. Only in Boston in that day could be assembled the rare material, poets, essay- ists, scholars, wits, of which it was composed. At the monthly dinners during the autumn and winter seasons, there appeared pretty regularly Emerson, Lowell, Longfellow, Holmes, Whipple, Charles Eliot Norton, Benjamin Peirce, Agassiz, and other lights of Harvard; Hawthorne in his last years (he died in 1864). In the next decade Howells, Aldrich, Parkman, and others who had attained the intellectual heights, were admitted to the charmed circle. . . . If I recollect correctly, Matthew Arnold was the club's guest dur- ing his visit to Boston and Cambridge. The deaths of Emerson, Longfellow, Peirce, and one or two others, in the early 'eighties, somewhat dimmed the club's intellectual brilliancy ; but not for long, with Holmes and Lowell and the younger members remain- ing. In the 'nineties Lowell and Parkman, and lastly Holmes, died (Lowell in 1891, Parkman, 1893, Holmes, 1894), and the club's career soon after closed.
Musical Societies-The "dining clubs," however influential they may have been in the inception of club life in Boston, were preceded, in point of time, by the musical organizations which were social in character. The Handel and Haydn Society is not only the oldest in Boston, but is
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METROPOLITAN BOSTON
with the exception of the Stoughton Musical Society formed in 1786, the oldest in the United States. The Handel and Haydn was estab- lished, March 30, 1815, for the purpose of "cultivating and improving a correct taste in the performance of sacred music." Many of the original members came from the famous Park Street Church choir. On Christmas eve of 1815, the society gave its first oratorio in King's Chapel, one of the few churches having an organ. It is an odd incident, that of the chorus of 100, there were only ten female singers. An account of this society can be found in Chapter XVI, and need not be repeated. One can imagine far easier than to attempt to sum up, the important service this body had given to the music of the Metropolis in the one hundred and eleven years of its useful existence. It is still very much alive with headquarters in Huntington Hall.
Two others of the early musico-social clubs have come down to the present day, the Apollo Club and the Cecelia Society. The Apollo Club was organized in 1871 and incorporated two years later. It was a mu- sical organization composed of male voices, and was one of the greatest forces in the popularization of secular music, and of male choral work. The club has varied in its active membership from fifty to a hundred ; the associate membership was early set at five hundred. The Cecelia Club dates from 1874, and was formed within the Harvard Musical As- sociation, (still existent), and was for mixed voices. It established it- self on an independent basis in 1876, and has the usual active and sup- porting associate membership.
Art Organizations-The cultivation of the fine arts in Boston has been extensive; the city is an art center second only to New York. The first attempt to establish an art gallery dates back but little more than a century-the Boston Athenaeum, 1826. In 1850 the first free school of drawing was opened in the Lowell Institute, and maintained for twenty-eight years. Artists seemingly are gregarious beyond other pro- fessions, and they got together in organizations of a sort before the Revolution. Clubs and societies have been numerous throughout all of the city's history ; many were more social than artistic it would seem. The oldest and the strongest of the present day societies is the Boston Art Club, founded by twenty persons in 1854, but which steadily in- creased numerically until its membership limit of 800 was reached. The minority of its members are professional artists, so that the club must be rated as a social art club rather than a professional organization. The society met mainly in the studios and homes of its members until 1870, when a house was rented at No. 64 Boylston Street. In 1881, the club- house, now occupied on the corner of Newbury and Dartmouth streets, was built at a cost of $80,000. It is still one of the notable buildings
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of the Back Bay district. The club was reorganized at the time of its taking over of its new house. The objects of the club as stated in its constitution, are: "to advance the knowledge and love of art through the exhibition of its works of art, the acquisition of books and papers for the purpose of forming an art gallery, and to promote social inter- course among its members."
Sports Clubs-Boston has ever been a sports loving city, even its Puritan founders encouraging competition in feats of strength and in- dustry. Horse racing was introduced in the days of the Provincial gov- ernors, and the ordinary English sports secured a footing long before we had cast off the control of the mother country. All this was inci- dental and unorganized during the first two centuries. It is sometimes forgotten that the first professional baseball club dates only from 1869- the famous Red Stocking nine of Cincinnati. The Boston ball club was formed in 1871, which took over the Red Stockings, and laid the founda- tions for the pioneer professional league of 1876. Cricket was still the great game, and the Longwood Club so well known in tennis circles, was originally formed to encourage the playing of the English game. The Country Club, organized in 1882, was and is, a favorite social organ- ization founded to create a pleasant rendezvous for its members in charming Brookline. The horse, and a track on which it might race, whether in winter or summer, was the chief sport interest of the origi- nal members. But besides endeavoring to promote a healthy interest in the horse, all other forms of play were encouraged ; golf being one of the latest to receive attention. The last has become first, as it often does, and golf is the game usually thought of when a country club is mentioned. The city has many golf clubs, although there are but few having courses, and these must grow fewer, within the limits of the city.
Yacht and Boat Clubs-Water sports have very naturally played im- portant rôles in the development of the play spirit of the Metroplis. The bay offered a splendid area for yachts, and the rivers were attractive to the lover of the small boat and canoe. The Union Boat Club, a row- ing association, was organized May 26, 1851, and is the oldest, with one exception, of such clubs, and still maintains its clubhouse at the foot of Chestnut Street. The original house was built in 1870, and commands one of the most complete views of the Charles. There are several boat clubs along the Charles, as well as on the various protected waters sur- rounding Boston, for the interest in rowing has never been displaced in the hearts of many. Allusion has been made to the Boston Yacht Club as one of the only three clubs owning homes in 1868. The club is located in South Boston, on Dorchester Bay, one of the finest of the sev-
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