The Boston news-letter, and city record, Part 46

Author: Bowen, Abel, 1790-1850
Publication date: 1825
Publisher: [Boston] : Abel Bowen
Number of Pages: 850


USA > Massachusetts > Suffolk County > Boston > The Boston news-letter, and city record > Part 46


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67 | Part 68


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THE BOSTON NEWS-LETTER,


presented by a citizen of the village, and a large pitcher, holding ten gal- lons, ornamented with an inscription and device emblematic of the battle of Lexington on the 19th April, '75, by Mr Thos. T. Collier, for the use of the citizens of Lexington. As long as the name of freedom shall rest with pleas- ure on the ear, so long shall this mount be held sacred by every son of Liber- ty. At the foot of this hill or mount, the first aggression of the British troops was committed on the 19th April, '75, by disarming one of the Lexington militia (Mr. Benj. Welling- ton, who was on his way to join his fellow townsmen under arms at the Meeting house.


When the nation's guest was on his visit to the birth place of liberty, his entrance into this village presented one of the finest views which the imagination can paint. The roaring of cannon, from an elevation of 130 feet, hanging al- most perpendicularly over the road which he passed, the curling of smoke among the trees which cover it from its summit to its base, with the banner of freedom flying 70 feet above its summit, and the loud huzzas which were heard to echo at intervals, ap- peared to those who were on this spot 50 years ago, more like enchant- ment than reality.


On the 4th of July, the anniversary of Independence is usually observed by the inhabitants in the centre of the town, with civil and military honours on the old battle ground, and by a public dinner. On these occasions, like Olympus in ancient Greece, this sacred spot is a general resort for the inhabitants of the neighbouring towns. --- On the 4th of July, 1825, after a re- freshing shower of rain, the summit of Mount Independence was dressed with star-spangled flags ; ą tent 100 feet in length was erected among ce- dars and walnut trees ; a sylvan tem- ple, arched with evergreens and roses fancifully entwined, arose as it were by magic, an oration was delivered to four or five hundred auditors of both sexes, and about 200 guests sat down to dinner in the tent under the dis-


charge of a four-pounder to the regu- lar toasts. A pleasant, rural, and ra- tional celebration of the day. The procession was attended by several hoary survivors of the battle of 19th April, '75, their war-worn and weath- er-beaten visages forming a striking contrast to the youth and beauty of their children and grand-children.


High ridges of land rise on each side of the meadows, or road, for 1 or 2 miles, terminating S. E. at Mount Ephraim, so called.


A stream called Vine-brook crosses the great road about fifty rods E. from the meeting house, and empties into Shawshin River, in a N. E. course. Considerable streams run from the town in almost every direction, south to Waltham, W. toLincoln, N.E. to the Shawshin, and south-east to the Mys- tic river ; but owing to the clearing and draining of the swamps, these streams sometimes dwindle during the summer, of late years, to mere brooks. In the western section of the town two springs of water rise in one swamp, from one the water finds its way by Concord river to the Merrimac, 20 or 30 miles distant, the other to the Shaw- shin river ; 2 or 3 other springs we believe rise on opposite sides of the same hill, or pass near each other in different directions,to Charles river,&c.


In the winter season the meadows are generally flooded, forming an immense sheet of ice, when the turf is sledded from the sheds or turf houses, where it has been dried ; youthful skaters cov- er this great mirror, and the great barrier between the N. and S. parts of the town seems partially removed. Through a part of these meadows, in various directions, but principally from N. to S. run several small natural ridges or dams, about 30 or 40 feet wide, and from 10 to 20 high, covered with an undergrowth of bushes or wood. The origin of these natural dykes is matter of conjecture; some call them beaver dams, and others, giant causeways. They form a con- venient means of crossing from N. to S. when the meadows are flooded in autumn or spring ; at which seasons


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AND CITY RECORD, MAY 27, 1826.


these extensive sheets of water ex- hibit handsome landscapes, surround- ed as they are with picturesque hills. Onthe 19th of April.annually, in compli- ance with town orders, the meadows are drained by the mill proprietors in a few hours, and in place of the many waters, Nature puts on her gayest liv- ery. The metamorphosis is as sudden as it is striking. In a few days after the draining, which is generally delay- ed till the first of May, the scenery is completely changed ; the cowslip and all the low land flowers of spring are in bloom ; the waters are con- tracted to a narrrow stream, three or four feet deepand five or six wide ; in- stead of the extensive sheet of water, an equally extensive green plain of verdant grass appears, two or three miles in extent, intersected with peat holes, ditches, a few alder bushes, and spotted here and there with turf hous- es or sheds.


These meadows are sometimes call- ed the great Alewive Meadows ; but mill-dams across all the streams have for a long time barred all egress or re- gress to the fish that formerly bred here in great numbers.


(To be continued.)


TESTAMENTA VETUSTA,


being Illustrations from Wills, of Man- ners, Customs, &c. as well as of the Descents and Possessions of many Distinguished Families, from the Reign of Henry II. to the Ascension of Queen Elizabeth. By Nicholas Har- ris Nicolas, esq. F S.A.


With great pleasure we read the announcement of this Work, being confident that the well-known talents of the Editor would be exerted to ren- der it of the utmost utility to the Anti- quary, Topographer and Genealogist. Upon a perusal of this work, our pre- viously-formed opinion of its utility has been confirmed ; for to the Anti- quary, it contains innumerable points of the deepest interest, in the descrip- tion of armour, dresses, beds, domestic utensils, customs, &c. ; and to the Genealogist this collection of testa- mentary documents must form the


most authentic sources of information. ' But it is to the Antiquary, to him who seeks for information on the man- ners and habits of his ancestors, from sources unpolluted by the erroneous constructions or misrepresentations of . others, and who, setting aside the the- ories of a favourite writer on past times, judges from evidence alone, that early wills are of the greatest im- portance.'. In many cases this inter- esting collection will afford information to the Philologist, on the use of words which are not to be found in any glos- sary ; and also exhibit traits of char- acter which are more valuable, because more certain, than can possibly be de- duced from the actions of their lives. " Of individual character exhibited by wills, an interesting instance is pre- sented in that of Henry VII, ; for in that instrument he shows more clearly than is to be found elsewhere, the real sentiments he entertained relative to the manner in which he obtained the crown, and of which he ordered a posthumous memorial to be erected (p. 32.) In the dark character of Ed- ward Duke of York, grandson of King Edward III, a character hitherto considered to be without one redeem- ing trait, from his testament, proof that at least he was not destitute of tho best of human virtues, gratitude, (p. 183.) Indeed, scarcely a will of any length is extant which does not afford some knowledge of the heart of the person by whom it was made.


The moral state of this Country is shown in many instances by the nu- merous bequests to natural children. who are described in the most une- quivocal manner ; and if it be argu- ed that in that sense society has not improved, still there is now a feeling of morality, which prevents so bold and unblushing an avowal of the exis- tence of them."


Prefixed to the Collection, besides the Editor's interesting Preface, are some Preliminary Observations and valuable Notes, explanatory of many parts of the volumes, by a ' Distin- guished Literary Friend." From these we learn that it was not customary to,


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THE BOSTON NEWS-LETTER,


write wills in English before the reign of Henry IV, whose Will is the first extant in that language ; Bishops and Ecclesiastics used Latin, and the No- bility, Norman French. We shall make a few extracts from these Anno- tations :-


" P. 325. ' My pots with castles.' The spices and pepper-boxes were then usually very large, and set exact- ly in the middle of the high table. Their shape was that of a tower, cas- teliated and triple-turreted, into which different kinds of spices were placed, of which our ancestors were inordi- nately fond. They were of the finest wrought silver, parcel gilt, and were sometimes called 'standing pieces.' "


"P. 536. ' Thirteen silver spoons. with the figures of John and his twelve Apostles.' These were called 'Apostles' spoons,' and were usually of silver, gilt, having each the figure of an Apostle affixed to the end of the handle. They were given either sin- gly or in complete sets, by the spon- sors, at baptisms, with reference fre- quently to the Christian name of the child ; and specimens of them are still preserved by the admirers of old plate."


Stow says the fashion succeeded the donation of christening shirts, about temp, Elizabeth. Some gave only the four Evangelists, and others gave but one, of the Saint after whom the child was named.


"P. 680. It appears from this be- quest that a notice of a greater effica- cy was given to a single prayer, utter- ed by a thousand priests, than to its being uttered a thousand times by the same individual ; yet in the same will there is a proviso, that three parish priests shall sing a requiem daily, for twenty-two years after the decease of the testator."


"P. 648. In the reign of Henry VIII, the fashion of gold chains was carried to a most sumptuous excess, and their weight in solid gold was so great as to be positively inconvenient. 'The chain here mentioned as worth 1407. must have weighed, allowing for the workmanship, more than two


pounds Troy. When the King conde- scended to give one to any individual courtier, as a mark of his favour, weight constituted the value more than workmanship."


" P. 719. It has been observed, that collars or chains of gold were of very considerable ponderosity ; we have here an instance of one of suffi- cient weight to be recast into a cup, worthy the acceptance of a King, whose favour to Charles Brandon never vari- ed, through a life of tyranny, cruelty, and caprice."


These extracts, though not the most interesting, are sufficient to show the pains that have been taken to illustrate the various curious, and highly inter- esting bequests found in that extensive collection.


It would be a laborious task for us to attempt to point out all the many bequests interesting to the Antiquary and the Historian, and the Genealogist and Biographer ; but we have no hes- itation in asserting that, no gentleman connected with either of these pur- suits ought to be without Mr Nicho- las's " Testamenta Vetusta," as it is a work replete with anecdote, and dis- playing great erudition and extensive research .- Lond. Paper.


CITY RECORD.


CITY FINANCES.


The Auditor of Accounts laid be- fore the City Council at their meeting on the 14th May, his annual Report of the Receipts and Expenditures of the city for the last financial year, closing the 30th of April ; by which it will be seen that the expenditures far exceed the income, and that the city has resorted to loans, to supply the deficiency. The amount of money in the City Treasury on the 1st of May, 1826, was $14,516 32.


EXPENDITURES.


State tax of 1824, 26,898 50 Salaries and compensation to the instructers of all the schools, except the primary schools, 36,252 00


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AND CITY RECORD, MAY 27, 1826.


Repairs, fuel, and all other con-


tingent expenses and supplies, for the schools, 3,884 93


Purchases of land, erection of a · new school house, at the south part of the city, 22,000 00


Primary Schools, 12,581 56


Repairs of public buildings, 1,829 28


Paving and repair of streets, 32,981 73


Widening streets, 14,283 00


Salaries of city and county offi- cers, 24,875 00


City Watch, 7,578 06


Lamps, oil and superintendence,


9,965 73


Fire department, including new engines, hose, &c.


9,836 95


Bells and clocks, Constables,


632 25


1,319 96


Care and improvement of the common, malls, and Fort Hill,


528 94


Care and improvement of the neck lands, 293 73


Common sewers, wells, and pumps, 8,306 46


Internal health department ; sweeping streets, removing house dirt, nuisances, &c.


11,496 97


External health department ; expense of quarantine, except salaries, 1,070 02


Construction of pipes to carry water to the city stables, 550 00


Overseers of the poor,


10,208 46


Directors of the house of in- dustry, 22,183 97


Erection of out buildings, ap- pendages to the house of cor- rection, at S. Boston, 15,331 68


Stockade fence, at the house of industry, 5,082 36


Erection of buildings at South Boston, for the relief of col- oured poor, 2,600 00 Erection of a building at South Boston, for a slaughter and tool house, 500 00


Instalments of the city and coun- ty debt ; paid, 8,640 00


Interest on the city and county debt,


13,341 43


Annuity for the purchase of George's and Lovell's islands, Survey of routes by which wa-


400 00


ter may be brought from the country, 566 25


Levelling and filling up the ci- ty's land, west of Charles St. 184 40 Arrangement of records and pa- pers, in the old court house, Purchase of land on Pemberton's Hill, for an engine house, 3,000 00


338 92


Erection of an engine house, on Pemberton's Hill, 2,672 40


Paid in part of the purchase of a lot of land on Elliot St. for an engine house, 487 22


Building reservoirs, 3,438 27


High school for females, 935 89


Construction of a dyke. on the city's flats west of Washing- ton St. 1,000 00


Printing, stationary, and adver- tising, 1,760 89


County of Suffolk, including courts, jails, jurors, witnes- ses, &c. 28,330 28


Incidental expenses and miscel- laneous claims, not justly chargeable to any of the fore- going appropriations, 3,484 84


332,154 43


Bills and accounts for all the above expenditures have been passed and allowed within the year, but there remain; un- paid, which should be de- ducted, 3,123 01


349,026 39


Paid on account of small debts of the city, contracted the year previous, 1,167 30


Paid by the city treas- urer, for services of deputy collectors, &c. 373 28 1,540 53


---


Making the real cash expendi- ture of the year, 330,566 97


To which may be added the pay- ment in city stock, for an es- tate purchased for the im- provement in Court street. 30,000 00


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THE BOSTON NEWS-LETTER,


chase of a lot of land on Elliot


street, for an engine house, 1,700 00


Making the whole expenditure of the year, 382,266 97


INCOME.


Received on account of taxes, 186,906 16


Sales of city property, includ- ing $10,000 received from


P. C. Brooks for land in Court St. sold to him, 19,281 00


Rents :- Old Faneuil


Hall Market, 12,166 00


Old State House, 3,664 17


Mill Pond Lands, 747 65


Neck Lands, 644 29


Ropewalk at the bot-


tom of the common, 525 17


Deer Island, 500 00


Cellar under the ward room in No. 3, 180 00


House in Union St.


48 00


Land in Bedford St. 6 00


Hay Scales, 312 90


18,714 09


Received on account of the County of Suf- folk, including jury verdicts, costs, fees and fines of the va- rious courts, State's proportion of crim- inal costs, for Li- censes to Innholders &c. &c. 20,554 30


Of the Commonwealth, for support of State paupers, 9,200 79


From the Health De-


, partment ; for sales of street dirt, quar- antine fees, funeral fees, &c. 5,155 32


For assessments for Common Sewers, 5,188 80


For interest on Notes due the City, and on deposites . in


Bank, 3,793 58


For Licenses for Pub- lic Exhibitions, Cer- tificates under City Seal, &c. &c. 3,364 50


Received from Militia Exempts, 111 00 Contributions towards Improvements, 78 62


Sales of Stock, Vege- tables, &c. from the city's farm at South Boston, 5,193 78 329,261 82


Balance against the city, for which the city government has resorted to loans, 53,005 15


IN BOARD OF ALDERMEN.


Monday, May 22 .- Met according to adjournment. Present the whole board, except Aldermen Welsh and Robbins.


A communication from the Chief Engineer, reporting several chimnies which have been on fire ; and also a fire which caught in one of the armo- ries in Faneuil Hall, by the accidental discharge of a musket, but which was speedily extinguished ; and also re- questing that the several reservoirs may be filled with water, was referred to the Committee on the Fire Depart- ment.


Adjourned to Thursday, next, at 6 o'clock, A. M.


IN COMMON COUNCIL.


Monday, May 22 .- Met according to adjournment. Present, the Presi- dent and forty-one members. Absent, Messrs. Dyer, Baker, Rice and Bald- win.


An order passed authorizing the Treasurer to borrow $30,000 reim- burseable within the present year, on such terms as the Committee of Fi- nance may approve. Concurred in.


A communication relative to the widening of the southerly part of Washington street, was referred to the Committee on Neck Lands.


CITY TREASURER'S ACCOUNTS.


The Committee on the subject, re- ported, that the accounts of the City and County Treasurer had been found to be correctly stated, and properly vouched ;- that there had been re- ceived on account of the City,


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AND CITY RECORD, MAY 27, 1826.


$606,823.93 And paid on same account 535,949 01 Leaving a balance in fa-


vour of the city of 70,874 92


That there had been re- ceived on account of the county 20,554 80


And paid on same account 76,913 40 Leaving a balance against the county of 56,358 60


Leaving a balance in the Treasury, on the 30th April, 1826, of $14,516 32 deposited to the credit of the Treasur- er in the City Bank.


Read and accepted, in concurrence.


An order passed both Boards ap- pointing the Directors of the House of Industry to be Overseers of the Ju- venile Delinquents Establishment, and appropriating $3500 for the use of the latter.


An additional appropriation of $1000 was voted for building the Dyke on the City's flats.


A petition of David Greenough for indemnification of taxes paid by him on the Province House estate, leased to him by the Mass. General Hospital. whose estates are exempted from taxa- tion, was referred to Messrs. Morey, Bassett and Barry, to be joined.


The two Boards concurred in the reappointment of Wm. Hayden, esq. as City Auditor.


A report on several subjects relating to lands lying between the County Court House and Court St. was order- ed to be printed.


The Board accepted the invitation of the Directors of the Steam Boat Navigation Company, to take an ex- cursion among the islands on Tuesday afternoon.


The report of the committee on the petition of Jeremiah Evarts and others, asking indemnity for injuries done to their estates, by altering Pinkney and Olive streets, was laid on the table, with an amendment, allowing the sum recommended to be paid out of the appropriation for widening streets.


The petition of the heirs of Mrs Mary Gibbs, relative to a stable and wall injured by lowering Pinkney street, was referred to Messrs. Bassett,


Torrey, Thayer, and James, with such as the Board of. Aldermen may join.


The report of the committee on the petition of Wm. Parsons and others relative to the contemplated street, called Marginal Street, was read a sec- ond time by its title, and recommitted to the same committee, with instruc- tions to report the names of persons owning real estate and otherwise in- terested in the proposed street, the quantity of land or flats, the distance to which wharves may be run out from the said street, without injury to the city wharf, &c. ; the committee was enlarged by adding Messrs Curtis, Parker, Faxon, and Tracy, and were authorized to employ a surveyor. A debate of some length occurred on this subject, which turned principally upon the right of persons to run wharves out beyond a circular line established by the town of Boston, as a limit, in the 17th century ; and also upon a certain barricado erected by the town, when the Dutch at New York threat- ened an invasion. These circumstan- ces had not been before considered by the Council, and however willing many of the members were to have the im- provement effected, they did not feel at liberty to vote for it, without ascer- taining whether any claims might be brought against them hereafter, for damages done to other estates. It seems that the circular line had been disregarded on former occasions, by agreement between several proprietors, and the members were not so much disposed to revive an obsolete law, as they were to protect the city wharf from being injured by the improve- ment. The committee was empower- ed to employ a surveyor to lay down the said Circular line on the large plan in the Mayor's office.


Adjourned to Monday next.


BOSTON : SATURDAY, MAY 27, 1826.


STEAM BOAT LEGISLATOR.


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THE BOSTON NEWS-LETTER,


Steam Navigation Company,' arrived here on the 22d inst. It is to run the present season between Boston and Portland, and it will no doubt be grat- ifying to those who wish to travel for amusement as well as business, to learn that her trips are to be made in the day time. It is said it will start at 5 in the morning and reach her destined port in twelve hours,-giving passen- gers an opportunity to view the rich and variegated shores of Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Maine, in the course of a day.


On Tuesday last the proprietors in- vited the City Authorities, and a num- ber of other citizens, to take an excur- sion in the Harbour. At 3 o'clock, they started from India Wharf, (where a crowd was attracted by the novelty of seeing so large and beautiful a steam boat in our harbour,) passed out through Broad Sound, and return ed through Light House Channel. The weather was pleasant, and the Courier states that the sea was as calm and unruffled as the atmosphere, and the scenery of the Islands, the Forts, the shores of Quincy, Dorchester and South Boston, and the spires and domes of the city, exhibited, in the re- turn about sunset, an enchanting pros- pect. A collation was given in the cabin of the boat, during which the Mayor of the City proposed the fol- lowing toast. ' Legislators,-local, state, and national, may they so man- age their steam as not to burst their boilers.' The Legislator, command- ed by Capt. Seward Porter, left here, on her first trip to Portland, on Wed- nesday last, at 5 P. M.




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