USA > Maine > Penobscot County > History of Penobscot County, Maine; with illustrations and biographical sketches > Part 25
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I374
1433
1489
1394
Holden ....
150
329
322
214
174
176
I37
Hudson
54
72
351
351
717
771
739
659
Kingman (formerly In- dependence Plantat'n)
816
770
650
Lagrange.
690
622
72/
Lakeville Plantation.
IO8
136
Lee ..
917
939
960
894
Levant
146
143
747,1061
1841
1361
1159
1076
Lincoln.
1356
1631
1530
1659
Lowell
378
556
448
433
Mattawamkeag.
193
286
356
456
Maxfield
I86
186
I62
156
I39
Medway
321
628
tt Milford
98
146 250
474
587
744
827
734
Mount Chase
262
310
Newburg Newport
216
328
963
1399
1365
IO57
Oldtown.
2342
3087
3860
4529
3395
Orono.
35
415 1473 1521 2785
2533
2988
2245
Orrington ..
1852
1950
1768
1529
Passadumkeag. .
394
295
360
243
302
Pattagumpus Plantat'n.
105
94
Patten .
470
639
704
716
Plymouth.
843
925
989
941
416
Springfield .
546
583
854
879
878
Stacyville Plantation. . Stetson
08
3I
14
616
885
913
937.
729
Webster Plantation .
28
118
West Indian Plantat'n . .
I3
Winn.
853
714
898
Woodville Plantation. .
230
170
223
Township 3, R. I
22
25
Township 2, R. 6.
61
Township A, R. 7.
20
19
Township 2, R. 9.
14
No. I Plantation
66
97
No. 2, Grand Falls Pl'n
100
93
"Settlements'
1074
I287
170
*Including adjacent settlements.
tTaken with Orrington and adjacent settlements.
#Formerly Jarvis's Gore.
§ Formerly Dutton.
|Taken with Maxfield.
TFormerly Kirkland.
** East Indian Plantation.
tt Formerly Sunkhaze Plantation.
By the census of 1800, the "townships in Penobscot,' Nos. 1, 2, and 3; those east of the river, Nos. 1, 2, and 3 (Sunkhaze, now Milford), and 4, and the people "on State's land," numbered together 149. In 1810 the town- ships on Penobscot, Nos. 1, 2, and 3, had 46, and in 1820, 108. In 1820 No. I had 60, and No. I east of Penobscot 99. In 1810 No. 2 east of Penobscot had 39, No. 3 (Sunkhaze), 98, and No. 4, 136; in 1820 these townships, respectively, had 18, 146, and 125. In 1810 the residents "on State's land" numbered 71, and in 1820 37. In the latter year, No. I, Sixth Range, had 2; No.
226
387
1 38
184
Veazie.
893
810
622
Whitney Ridge Plant'n
17
18
828
Prentiss
178
512 897 11 38
I210
1403
1559
145/
205
Mattamiseontis
97
54
31
51
64
Eddington.
Edinburg
52
93
48
55
45
346
396
526
545
489
655
Greenbush.
26
457
865
758
717
Howland .
185
546
Kenduskeag
336
482
724
129
123
153
237
520
Chester.
277
I39
1077 1704
885 1464
86
I37
167
527
403 1000
395
350
2663
185
62
626
77
1234,1580
503
II21
720
ノ
1
/ , 11
1.1
- --
83
HISTORY OF PENOBSCOT COUNTY, MAINE.
7, Eighth Range, 4; and No. 6, Ninth Range (now in Piscataquis county), 12. In 1840 Township No. 4 had 41; Township 3, Range 8, 29; Lower Indian Township, west of Penobscot river, 37; Indian Township, Wood- ville, No. 2, 6; Hopkins Academy Grant, 3; unincor- porated townships north of Lincoln, 147; west half of Township No. 6, 147; Township No. 7, 30. In 1880 No. 3 had 12; No. 3, Range 3, 17; and No. 2, Range 2, and No. Range 4, together, 9.
By 1790, 120 square miles in the present territory of Penobscot county had been settled, with an average pop- ulation of nearly ten to the square mile. Ten years later more than three times the space of 1790, or 390 square miles, were inhabited, but with a population slightly thin- ner, numbering scarcely eight to the mile. In 1810, the numbers, respectively, were 970 and 8; in 1820, 1, 143 (739,428 acres), and 12. At the latter date the average of population for the whole State was but 82/3 to the mile. The gain of population in this county from 1790 to 1800 was 1855, or 161 per cent; from 1800 to 18to it was 4,822, or 160 per cent ; from 1810 to 1820, 6,039, or 77 per cent; from 1820 to 1830, 9,092, or 65.4 per cent; from 1830 to 1840, 23,087, or a little more than 100 per cent; from 1840 to 1870, 17,040, or nearly 30 per cent. The increase since has not been so rapid; and during the decade 1870-80 the population of Penobscot, like that of many other counties, fell off by a small percentage.
Of the population of 1820, 13,870 in all, 2,858 were engaged in the pursuits of agriculture, 251 in manufac- tures, and 140 in commerce-in proportions, severally, to every thousand engaged, of 880, 77, and 43.
SETTLEMENTS IN PENOBSCOT COUNTY.
Full notes of these will be made in our special histo- ries of the towns of the county and of Bangor. A rapid summary of dates has been prepared for this work by Mr. Elnathan F. Duren, of the latter place, as follows :-
The earliest regular settlement of the county com- menced in Bangor, in 1769; then followed settlements at Brewer and Orrington, 1770; Hampden, 1772; Old- town, 1773; Orono, 1774; Veazie, 1786; Eddington, 1780; Holden, 1786; Hermon, 1791; Newport, 1794; Charleston and Corinth, 1795; Carmel, 1796; Levant and Newburg, 1798; Dixmont, 1799; Hudson, Kendus- keag, Milford, and Stetson, 1800; Dexter and Exeter, 1801; Garland, 1802; Bradford, 1803; Corinna, 1804; Glenburn, 1806; Etna and Plymouth, 1807 ; Clifton and Greenfield, 1812; Passadumkeag, 1813; Maxfield, 1814; Bradley, 1817; Alton, Argyle, Howland, and La- grange, 1818; Enfield and Lowell, 1819; Chester, Green- bush, Medway, Pattagumpus, West Indian, and Wood- ville, 1820; Lincoln, 1823; Burlington and Lee, 1824; Mattamiscontis, 1825; Edinburg, 1827; Patten, 1828; Carroll, No. 2 Grand Falls, and Springfield, 1830; Mat- tawamkeag, 1834; Winn, 1835; Prentiss and Whitney Ridge, 1836; Mount Chase, 1838; Webster Plantation, 1843; Drew Plantation, 1845; Stacyville, 1850; Lake- ville Plantation, 1855; Kingman, 1864.
STATISTICS OF TAXATION, ETC.
In the table of valuations for the taxation of 1801 in
Hancock county, in which Penobscot was then included, only Bangor, Hampden, and Orrington appear as repre- sentatives of what is now Penobscot county. Hancock county, all told, had then but 1,917 polls. The average price of dwelling-houses for taxation in that county at an earlier date (1793) was but 16s, Id.
In 1816 the first year of Penobscot county, it had 1,593 polls, estates valued at $37,503.86, and a tax of $6.52 on the $1,000, as against $19.56 in the older Han- cock county.
The number of buildings and principal manufacturing establishments in the county, as rendered to the Legis- lature in 1820, was as follow: Dwelling-houses, 1,315; barns, 1,212; shops attached to dwellings, 28; shops and stores detached, 74; tanneries, 5; pot- and pearlash works, 9; grist-mills, 30, with 36 pairs of stones; saw- mills, 36, with 43 saws; carding machines, 15; fulling- mills, 9; all other mills, 1; bakehouse, 1; all other workshops, 1; warehouses, ropeworks, distilleries, cotton and woolen factories, spinning machines, slitting-mills, ironworks, and furnaces, none. These numbers com- pared favorably with those of most other counties in the State.
In 1826 the values per acre affixed by the Legislature to the wood and unimproved land in the several towns and townships of Penobscot county were as follow: Ban- gor, $1.50; Brewer and Orrington, $1; Carmel, Atkinson, Corinth, Dixmont, Newburg, Sebec, and Sangerville, 75 cents; Eddington, Newport, and Orono, 80 cents; Fox- croft, Guilford, and Williamsburg, 60 cents; Etna, Dut- ton, Kirkland, Maxfield, Brownville and Stetson Planta- tion, 50cents; Blakesburg and Milo, 40 cents; Bowerbank and Jarvie's Gore, 30 cents; Kilmarnock and adjoining lands, and No. I, Range 6, 25 cents; No. 3, Range 2, east of river, No. 3, 8th Range, and No. 5, 9th Range, 20 cents.
The net amount of postages accruing in each post- office of the county the same year was: Atkinson, $16,- 67; Bangor, $802.49; Birch Stream, 35 cents; Blakes- burg, $4.72; Brewer, $60.69; Brownville, $8.85; Carmel, $6.08; Corinth, $11.08; East Corinth, $3.75; Dexter, $31.90; Dixmont, $48.31; Dover, $26.49; Dutton, $2.19; Etna, $5.09; Exeter, $31.08; Foxcroft, $30.20; Garland, $20.03; Guilford, $13.37; Howland, $2.77; Hampden, $110.45; Kirkland, $1.94; Kilmarnock, $3.37; Maxfield, $1.48; Milo, $15.79; Newburg, $14.54; North Charles- ton, $20. 14; Newport, $23.03; Orono, $53.48; Oldtown, $10.80; Orrington, $37.05; Sangerville, $31.32; Sebec, $33.39; Williamsburg, $12.95. The total net amount of postage for the county was but $1,491.34. This, however, was more for each inhabitant, on an average, than was paid by any other county in the State, except Cumberland and Washington, being 10.7 cents against II.7 and 15.7 in those counties. In amount paid per $1,000 worth of taxable property, it exceeded Cumber- land and every other county but Washington, standing to this in the ratio of $1.65 to $1.91.
In 1820, the official returns made to the State Legis- lature from this county exhibited in much detail its de-
84
HISTORY OF PENOBSCOT COUNTY, MAINE
velopment and resources at that date. The reports were tabulated as follow below. The first four columns of figures are in terms of acres; those relating to grain in
bushels, hay in tons, and the last column gives the num- ber of cows that the pasture of the township would keep.
Tillage ..
land Mowing.
Artificial Up-
Meadow.
Natural Fresh
Pasture ..
Barns. ..
Horses.
Oxen
Swine.
Indian Corn. . .
Wheat .
Rye ..
Oats .
Barley .
Peas and Beans
Upland Hay. .
Fresh Hay ....
Cows Pastured.
Bangor
235
407
18
434
75
49
83
163
IIO
685 856
1464 585
25
813 23
53
436 637
2I
I44
Brewer.
2.44
677
73
572
76
40
II5
240
163
Carmel.
94
327
23
423
26
16
42
94
71
IC99 435
3I
38 151 12
II
83
435
129
Dixmont.
I32
372
759
42
40
86
211
229
15
1320
14
IO
355
I21
* Dutton
50
166
I7
48
17
17
44
68
12
233
224
Dexter
160
411
232
44
25
71
150
171
375
282
Eddington
106
323
15
270
33
20
54
134
365
384
45
63
98
294
14
III
Exeter
100
346
300
63
46
124
123
283
372
532
2
2
I2
359
203
Etna
63
273
265
17
13
29
72
70
896
613
556
412
638
214
92
Garland
90
458
515
43
29
58
114
153
556
612
12
941 174 30
20 20
20
1456
514
Hermon.
I21
374
236
30
20
249 37
424 79
61
25
+1452
Howland and.
86
73
10
16
8
2
14
38
33
595
376
15
100
4
73
IO
8
+ Jarvis Gore.
50
§Kirkland,
15
I2I
63
8
7
20
34
II
IIO
Levant
51
I64
145
II
12
22
41
30
130
Newburg.
92
529
20
543
33
25
68
137
I20
20
1104
12
IC
IO
430
16
245
Newport.
151
454
341
53
41
65
206 260
165 251
15
7178
20
20
10
15
829
4I
285
Orono ..
90
254
91
25
I2
62
99
91
220
477
30
45
90
178
36
|| Sunkhaze.
40
153
100
69
13
50
45
22
234
42
22
184
154
12
IO
22
59
43
230
108
5
7
2
25
8
6
Totals.
3582
10538
344
9476
I231
737
1931
3687
3382
I2957
25591
1333
2719
631
I28I
316
4090
* Afterwards Glenburn. +Oats and barley included. #Afterwards Clifton.
The relative wealth of Penobscot county at different periods of its early history, averaged to each individual of its inhabitants, the average to each person in the State being taken at $100, is represented by Mr. Greenleaf (A Survey of the State of Maine, 1829,) as follows: 1790, 79; 1800, 65; 1810, 92; 1820, 93. The aggregate valu- ation of estates in the county the last-named year, as fixed by the Legislature, was $903,683,90. The val- uation of the State was not quite $21,000,000. The account of tonnage of shipping and stock-in-trade, as returned the same year by the several towns, was as follow:
Towns.
Tons.
Stock-in-Trade.
Atkinson
$ 150
Bangor
560
23,350
Brewer
57
1,300
Dixmont,
350
Dexter
400
Eddington.
45
1,500
Foxcroft
500
Hampden
631
9,575
Levant
500
Newport
500
Orrington
338
380
Sebec
200
Sangerville
100
Sunkhaze
1,000
Total
1,63I
$40,005
There were also reported from the county this year $489 money in hand, $1,649 in bank stock, $1,185 bridge and turnpike stock, $3,384 money at interest, and 680 owners of plate. The estimated value of goods, wares, and merchandise exchanged-otherwise the stock annually employed in domestic trade-was $280,000. The estimated circulation of commercial capital, or the surplus of products and exchanges, was $388,360.
§ Now Hudson. | Now Milford.
A notice of Penobscot county in Morse's American Universal Gazetteer for 1819 includes the following: "This county contains 10,250 square miles, as many as in the whole state of Vermont." It had 19 townships in 1816, the year it was erected.
THE SHIPPING INTEREST.
Almost from the beginning of white settlement on the Penobscot, the building and sailing of vessels has been a prominent industry. By the close of 1809 the Penob- scot collection district, which included only the ports on the east side of the bay and river, had 6,624 tons of shipping in the foreign trade, and 8,840 tons employed in coasting-in all, 916 tons to every 1,00 of population. The shipping of the Penobscot District in 1814 was re- ported at 15,684 tons, against 16,294 in the Waldo- borough District, to which Bangor and other ports on the west of the Penobscot belonged.
The next year the District of Penobscot had a regis- tered tonnage of 7,175, enrolled 8,306, fishing vessels 1,226-total, 16,707.
In 1816 shipping to the amount of 1,710 tons was owned in Bangor alone.
In 1820 the Penobscot District had the largest ratio of coasting tonnage of any in the State, being 9.3 to every $1,000 of taxable property, and also the largest propor- tion of such tonnage to the absolute wealth of the people. Much merchandise was already directly imported, amounting to a value of 40 cents on every $1,000 of tax- able property, or $2.31 on every $1,000 entire wealth.
In 1825 the Penobscot ports had a total of 20,194 tons of shipping afloat, at an average cost of $40 per ton, and a total value of $807,760. The tonnage doing
-- -
-
153
48
I84
124
No. 4, E. of Penob.
I8
28
8
8
4
6
2
24
19
185
1510
IO
15
IO
204
241
Orrington
417
987
60
868
123
33
142
398
2160
675
15
450
1674
1258
I73
85
70
167
35
1694 608 765
6
308
22
II8
Corinth
75
328
245
40
28
52
I3I
123
45
372
131
Charleston
131
524
319
43
26
24
124
I3
22
299
170
46I
210
Hampden
64
I18
Maxfield ..
92
31
214
57
8
100
50
Stetson ..
33
33 20
1155
25
II3
71
231
Towns.
Cows & Steers.
66
80
15
13
12
--
HISTORY OF PENOBSCOT COUNTY, MAINE.
85
business in the Penobscot ports, however, amounted to 30,182. The number of shops, stores, and warehouses employed in commerce in the county that year was 37, with an average valuation of $230, and a total of $8,510. The number of people engaged in commercial pursuits was 140, representing an average investment or business of $285 a person.
The latest report at hand of the shipping business on the river, now largely concentrated at Bangor, is that of the Harbor Master of that city, dated February 21, 1881. As exhibiting the varied character of the vessels entering and clearing here, as well as that of the foreign and do- mestic imports and exports, it is well worth extracting in almost its entirety :
I respectfully submit the following as my report for the year 1880:
The river was open to navigation, and the business of the port began on April 6th. The harhor remained open until November 26th, a pe- riod of 235 days, During this period, 2,068 vessels of all descriptions, (not including fishing and other craft under 25 tons), arrived, classified as follows :
Barks
Barkentines.
Brigs .. 30
Three-masted schooners .109
Fore-and-aft schooners. 1, 655
Sloop and schooner yachts (I steam yacht). .7 Four-masted schooners (sch. Weybossett) 3 Steamers (17 different steamers) .250
2,068 vessels, with a tonnage of 393,795 tons.
DOMESTIC RECEIPTS.
Molasses, hhds .3,396
Salt, bush .4,160
Flour, bbls 12, 165
Corn, bush .. 432,601
Pork, bbls. .3,350
Coal, tons. .26,044
Lime, bbls
15,000
Apples, bbls 1,626
Lumber, M. .. 133
Oats, bush 15,000
Pig iron, tons .. 510
Codfish, cwt 6,018
Nails, kegs. 2,315
Cement, bbls .2,500
Moulding sand, tons .655
Marble workers' sand, tons. .100
Pottery clay, tons .150
Limerock, tons 1,200
Hides (dry), bales .250
Guano, tons.
132
DOMESTIC EXPORTS.
Lumber, feet 123,450,537
Ice, tons. 115,945
Iron, tons
.2,315
Shooks, feet. 145,000
Potatoes, bush
·· 50,000
Hay, tons ·3,000
Bricks, M.
8,000,000 Slate, squares. 20,000
Fish barrels .100,000
Staves, bundles
.108,552
Lime, bbls .. ... 500
Drain tile, feet .12,000
FOREIGN IMPORTS.
Salt, bush 67,540
Plaster rock, tons .. 455
Spruce knees. 1,165
Grindstones, tons. .90
FOREIGN EXPORTS.
Shooks, feet
. 445,740
Lumber, feet.
1,907,720
Potatoes, bush . 500
Spars .266
Ice, tons .. 890
Bricks 621,000
Oars, feet .4,458
Lime, bbls 600
Foreign vessels arrived, British, 8; Italian, 2; total, 10.
The year 1880 was one of the busiest ever experienced by the port of Bangor, and the prospect for the coming year is bright.
CHAS. V. LANSIL, Harbor Master.
Mr. E. F. Duren contributes the following historic note :-
The first steamboat on the Penobscot, the Maine, Captain Cram, arrived in Bangor May 23, 1824. The next day it made an excursion to Bucksport. It ran to Portland in the summer season. The Bangor, a larger boat, Captain George Barker, arrived in 1834, landing at the wharf at the foot of Exchange street. This steamer was on the route to Portland, and afterwards ran from the port of Constantinople, Turkey. There are now two steamers of the Sandford line, which ply between Ban- gor and the towns on the river to Boston, most of the year making three trips weekly. A steamer ran until 1880 to Portland, making three trips weekly and connect- ing with another steamer at the mouth of the river (Rock- land) for Mt. Desert, and east as far as Eastport and Calais. Steamer run direct to Mt. Desert, from Ban- gor, and smaller steamers are employed to tow vessels up and down the river, and accompany barges on pleas- ure excursions. In 1849, small and flat-bottomed steam- ers commenced running above Bangor, affording beauti- ful views of island, forest, and river scenery. They have not, however, been plying of late.
THE LUMBER INTEREST.
We have also the following from Mr. Duren :-
Lumbering, and the manufacture of lumber in various forms, large and small, have largely engaged the attention of the people of the county. Lumbermen, mill-men, river-drivers, log-drivers, and raftsmen form an active and important part of the population. Logging-camps are a unique and interesting feature of forest-life. The first Surveyor-general of timber was Thomas F. Hatch, ap- pointed in 1832. From a report furnished by Colonel C. V. Crossman, who has held that office several years, it is stated that the amount of boards surveyed at Bangor in 1832 was 37,556,093 feet; in 1866 it was 237, 147,606; in 1872, 246,453,649; in 1878, 122,500,000. From 1832 to 1843 it was 842,886,233; 1844-55, 2, 135,716,416; 1856-67, 2, 122,208,374; 1868-78, 1,953,736,540. To- tal for the 47 years, 7,054,547,563. Average, 150,069,- 756 feet.
The lumber exported coastwise in 1826 was as follows:
Boards, plank, and joists surveyed. . 23,473, 180 feet,
=
shipped without survey .... 3,354,000 "
26,827, 180 at $8.14- $218,471
4333 tons timber, average price $2.75 per ton. 11,929
99,671 feet, ranging timber, " 2.50 2,491
Shingles, clapboards, and laths. 96,000
Oars, staves, heading, hoops, etc., etc. 7,000
Total estimated value. $335,891
6
7
86
HISTORY OF PENOBSCOT COUNTY, MAINE.
Other statistics, somewhat in detail, will be presented in that division of this work treating of the history of Bangor.
Mr. John S. Springer, who wrote about 1845 a sprightly book on Forest Life and Forest Trees, says that about ten thousand men were then engaged in lumbering on the Penobscot, and that the number of men, oxen, and horses employed in these operations would aggregate twenty thousand. He adds the following statistics of that period :-
.Number of saw-mills on the Penobscot and tributaries, 240; of clapboard-machines, 20; of lath-machines, 200. Amount of long lumber sawed annually, 200,000,000 feet at $10.00 per M; laths sawed annually, 400,000,000 pieces at $1.00 per M; clapboards sawed annually, 5,500- ooo pieces at $18.00 per M; shingles sawed and split annually, 110,000,000 pieces at $2.50 per M; pickets sawed annually, 10,000,000 pieces at $6.50 per M.
THE ICE INDUSTRY
is an affair of recent creation and growth, but is already extensive, and promises to add largely to the revenues of the Penobscot valley.
CHAPTER IX.
MILITARY RECORD OF PENOBSCOT COUNTY.
Wars and Warlike Incidents-Fort Pownall Built-The Penobscot Valley in the Revolution-The Affair at Castine-The War of 1812- 15-Destruction of Property at Hampden and Bangor - Roll of Militia Out in the Affair - The Aroostook Flurry - Men of Pen- obscot in It - The Mexican War - Officers from the County - The Great Rebellion - The Principal Participants in the Struggles from Penobscot - Bangor in the War - Roll of Its Honored Dead -- Home Guards - State Guards -The First Recruits from Maine- Aggregate Enlistments and Other Credits in the County - The Roster of Penobscot Soldiers - The First Infantry and First Veteran Infantry - The Second Infantry - Third - Fourth - Fifth -Sixth -- Seventh - Eighth - Ninth - Tenth - Eleventh - Twelfth - Thirteenth - Fourteenth - Fifteenth - Sixteenth - Seventeenth - Ninteenth - Twentieth -- Twenty-first - Twenty-second - Twen- ty-fifth - Twenty-eighth - Twenty-ninth - Thirtieth - Thirty-first - Thirty-second - First Infantry Battalion - Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fif- teenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-eighth, and Thirtieth Unassigned Companies - Coast Guards Battalion - Militia Companies in Federal Service - Company D, Second United States Sharpshooters -. First Maine Sharpshooters - First Cavalry - Sec- ond Cavalry - First Regiment District of Columbia Cavalry -First Heavy Artillery - First Mounted Artillery - First Mounted Battery -Second Battery -Third-Fourth-Fifth -Sixth Seventh - Enlist- ments in the First Army Corps - In Other Commands - In the United States Army - In the Navy - List of Substitutes - Statisti- cal: Bounties Paid in Penobscot - Aid to Soldiers' Families - Pri- vate Benefactions - The Local Militia.
WARS AND WARLIKE INCIDENTS.
Notice has heretofore been taken, with probably suffi- cient fullness, of most of the martial events in the Penob- scot waters. They are as follows :
1617. Canoe-loads of Tarratine Indians, numbering 120 warriors, leave Pannawanske (probably now Old-
town) on an expedition against some place near the mouth of the Kennebec.
1633. The attack of the French upon the "truck- house" of the New-Plymouth colonists founded at Pen- obscot five or six years before.
1635. A renewal of the attack and plunder of the trading-house, by the French under D'Aulnay. Counter- attack by the English in the vessel Hope, commanded by Girling, resulting in failure.
1643. Attack by the forces of La Tour upon D'Aul- nay, at Penobscot. Skirmish at D'Aulnay's mill, near the fort (Pentagoet).
1644. Affair of the English and French at D'Aulnay's farm-house, five or six miles from the fort, in which Wauneston, of the assailants, and one of the Frenchmen, were killed. Victory of the English.
1676. Capture of Fort Pentagoet from the French by the Dutch. Expulsion of the Dutch by an English expedition from Boston.
1688. Appearance of the frigate Rose before the fort, brought to possess it by Governor Andros in person. The fort abandoned by the Baron de St. Castine. Workmen had been brought to strengthen the fort, but it had fallen so much into disrepair that the undertaking was dropped.
1696. Concentration of Indians in two hundred canoes at Penobscot, and their union, under Castine, with Iberville and Villebon's force for the reduction of Fort William Henry, at Pemaquid.
1703. Unprovoked raid of the English upon the younger Castine, at Penobscot. They plunder his house and perpetrate great spoil.
1704. Colonel Church, during the Third Indian War and upon his fifth Eastern expedition, anchors his fleet in the bay and captures three Frenchmen and a Canadian Indian upon one of the Green Islands. He then takes several of his transports and whale-boats up the bay and river, and "killed and took a considerable number both of French and Indians" - among the cap- tives the Baron Castine's daughter and her children. This is the first hostile movement, save that first men- tioned and the unrecorded struggles of the Tarratines and the Mohawks, upon the river.
1723. Colonel Westbrook's expedition, of 240 sol- diers, against the Indian fort and village on the Penob- scot - "probably Nicola's Island, at Passadumkeag," says Judge Godfrey. The place was deserted, and was burned by Westbrook's men.
1725. Captain Heath's expedition from the Kenne- bec against the French and Indian village at Fort Hill, near the head of the tide, which was also destroyed.
1755. Barbarous attack of Captain Cargill and his men upon a party of Indian hunters, near Owl's Head, on the bay. Twelve of the latter murdered, and a friendly squaw and her babe butchered as the scouts return to their garrison. The Tarratines are consequently in- volved in the war which had been declared against all other Eastern tribes.
1759. The erection at the Point of Wasaumkeag (Fort Point) of
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HISTORY OF PENOBSCOT COUNTY, MAINE.
FORT POWNALL.
This work, or a similar one, on the Penobscot had been recommended by Governor Shirley in a message to the General Court of Massachusetts three years before, in order to assure the possession of the Eastern country to the English. Its absolute necessity to the safety of the Eng- lish possessions in this quarter was represented by Gov- ernor Pownall to the same body early in 1759, and it was resolved that an expedition of four hundred men should be dispatched to build the fortification. The Governor himself accompanied it, and supervised the work. Mr. Williamson gives the following interesting account of the preliminaries and the consummation of the object of the expedition :
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