USA > Maine > Pioneers on Maine rivers, with lists to 1651 > Part 33
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Eight years later another attempt to recover this house from Aulnay resulted in the death of Captain Thomas Wannerton, of Pascataqua ; the expedition which was in the interest of La Tour was unsuccessful, but the English participants in the undertak- ing were encouraged to believe that they could recover the East- ern Country for themselves, and planned reprisal at an early date.
While New Plymouth evinced no further interest in the recov- ery of Machabitticus territory, Massachusetts mercenaries who had been implicated in the La Tour exploit advocated recapture and retention from Aulnay, to control the Indian trade about
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387
PENOBSCOT RIVER
Penobscot River. The former proprietors, however, did not ig- nore the prospect of collecting outstanding claims, and August 31, 1644, Edward Winslow, then governor, assigned to John Win- throp, the younger, Samuel Maverick and Captain Thomas Haw- kins, the right to force Aulnay to pay for personal property, valued at 500 pounds sterling, which had been taken "violently and injuriously" about ten years before.
The conversion had taken place when Aulnay had seized Castine and retained the merchandise and equipment of "the Agents and servts. of Edward Winslow, William Bradford, Thomas Prence, and others their ptners at Matchebiguatus, in Penobscot."#
The claim was presented to the French governor the follow- ing year, but no warlike demonstration was undertaken and Muscongus district, as well as Pemaquid plantation, remained undisturbed, until 1654. February 8, of that year, a commission was issued by Cromwell to Major Robert Sedgwick, of Boston, to subdue the Dutch and other English enemies in North America. To accomplish that purpose, a fleet of four vessels, comprising the Augustine, Black Raven, Church and Hope, was mobilized in the Thames and sailed from Portsmouth, England.§
After the Dutch settlements in New York had surrendered without bloodshed, the victorious squadron undertook to exhibit real prowess and proficiency by sweeping up the Northern Coast and overwhelming the French strongholds in Eastern Maine and Nova Scotia. While Acadia was reoccupied, without opposition, by New England troops, it was retained only until 1656, when the entire province was restored to interests representing both na- tionalities and defined as extending westward to "Pentacoet and the River of St. George to muscontus."*
The district was bounded westerly by New England and northerly by an imaginary line situated one hundred leagues in- land. All specific measurements were augmented by the expres- sion "et plus avant, jusqu'à la première habitiation faite par les Flamans ou Francois, ou par les Anglois de Nouvelle Angleterre." Such liberal interpretation extended each dimension to "the first dwelling erected by Flemings, French or English in New Eng- land." With that idea in mind French inhabitants of Nova Scotia
# Savage's Winthrop, 2-220.
§ 4 Mass. Hist. Col., 2-230.
* Suffolk Deeds, 3-22; Hazard, 1-616.
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388
PIONEERS ON MAINE RIVERS
regarded the house of John Brown at New Harbor as the eastern boundary mark of New England.
In 1688, Edward Randolph accompanied Governor Andros in an eastern tour of inspection. He described the old English fort at Penobscot, "formerly made up with stone and turfe," as "gone to ruin ;" in fact, nothing was found on that site. In that vicinity, however, they visited a fortified dwelling which had been built by Aulnay after the Plymouth employes were evicted in 1635; the French establishment was then in possession of Sieur de Castin as sole proprietor in that district .¡
PIONEERS
ASHLEY, EDWARD, Indian trader at Castine, 1628-9; England, November, 1629, to March, 1630; Castine, May, 1630, to October, 1631, when he was extradited for selling contraband to the natives; never returned to Maine, but died while returning from Siberia, where he had been em- ployed by a trading company.
CALLOW, OLIVER, sailor and employe of Plymouth Colony at Castine under Ashley and Willett, 1630-5; married Judith Clock February 29, 1655-6; died at Boston of old age, 1674; widow Judith; no issue.
DEACON, JOHN, servant of Edward Ashley at Castine, 1628-9; employe of Plymouth Colony at Castine under Ashley and Willett, 1630-5; died at New Plymouth in February, 1636.
DOWNS, JAMES, employe of Plymouth Colony at Castine under Ashley and Willett, 1630-1; with Hilton at Dover, 1631.
PHIPPS, WILLIAM, gunsmith and employe of Plymouth Colony at Castine under Ashley and Willett, 1630-5; covenant servant of the company, who disposed of his land, 1636; deceased before 1658.
RICHARDS, THOMAS, employe of Ashley at Castine, 1630; had deceased the next year.
SAMPSON, HENRY, arrived at New Plymouth in the "Mayflower," 1620; employe of Plymouth Colony at Castine under Ashley and Willett, 1630-5; returned to Duxbury; married Ann Plummer February 6. 1636-7; died 1685; children Elizabeth (Sproat), Caleb, Dorcas (Bonney), Hannah (Holmes), James, John, Mary (Summers) and Stephen.
WATSON, GEORGE, born 1602; employe of Plymouth Colony at Castine under Ashley and Willett, 1630-5; returned to New Plymouth and mar- ried Phebe Hicks that year; died 1689; children John, Mary (Leonard), Phebe (Shaw), Elizabeth (Williams), born January 18, 1647-8, Elkanah, born February 25, 1656-7, and Jonathan, born 1659.
WILLETT, THOMAS, son of Andrew and Jacobina (Goad), born at Barley, England, 1605; arrived from Amsterdam in the "Lyon," 1630; overseer for New Plymouth at Castine until 1635, when he was evicted by the French; returned to the colony and married Mary, daughter of John and Dorothy Brown, July 6, 1636; first mayor of New York, 1665; died + Hutchinson Col .. 562.
389
PENOBSCOT RIVER
at Barrington, Rhode Island, August 4, 1674; children, born in New Plymouth, Mary (Hooker), November 10, 1637, Martha (Saffin), August 6, 1639, John, August 21, 1641, Sarah (Elliott), May 4, 1643, Rebecca, December 2, 1644, Thomas, October 1, 1646, Esther (Flint), July 6, 1647, James, November 23, 1649, Hezekiah, November 17, 1651, David, November 1, 1654, Andrew, October 5, 1655, and Samuel, October 27, 1658.
WRIGHT, JOHN, brother of Thomas, of Bristol, England; mariner em- ployed by Isaac Allerton to assist Ashley at Penobscot, 1630; made three trips to Plymouth with Ashley's shallop that year; wrecked at Pascataqua, 1632; removed to Newbury, but died at sea and left ac- counts at the Isles of Shoals, 1654; son John.
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390
PIONEERS ON MAINE RIVERS
MACHIAS RIVER
In 1632, Isaac Allerton, who had been discharged as manager of the trading posts of New Plymouth at Kennebec and Penob- scot, formed a partnership with Richard Vines, of Saco, and some others, to trade with eastern Indians.
In the summer of that year, while returning from a coasting expedition, both witnessed the delivery of seizin of Cape Eliza- beth to John Winter. Other persons present at that time were John Oldham and Thomas Cammock.
The latter must have been convinced that the partnership venture would be a profitable one, for he remarked only a few days later : "All the good that is to bee done in thes partes, for trade, is towards the Eastwarde with a good shallopp * * all- most to the Scotts plantation, wher I know ther is more store of beaver and better tradinge than is heer with us."*
The governor of New Plymouth complained of the aggressive conduct of Allerton as a rival in eastern trade. He claimed that the former manager of that colony's business had engaged un- principled agents to do his trading along the coast; that he not only sent them up the Kennebec "to gleane away ye trade from ye house ther," but also had established a new post "beyoned Penobscote to cute of ye trade from thence also."+
However, it was not until 1633 that Vines undertook to estab- lish the post to which Bradford alluded. In that year, while trad- ing on the eastern coast of Maine near the site of the former Scotch plantation, which had been acquired by the French within a few months, Vines and La Tour, the Canadian governor, met and exchanged commodities to mutual advantage. At that time, by reason of the treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, La Tour claimed exclusive right to trade as far west as Pemaquid, but he gave Vines special permission to dispose of his unsold merchan- dise in the ordinary course of trade on his way home, with the express condition that no station should be built or fortified with- in French territory.
* Me. Doc. Hist., 3-17, 19.
+ Bradford, 2-188.
391
MACHIAS RIVER
Nevertheless, the English upon arrival at Machias erected a small wigwam for shelter and stored their goods. Five men were left in charge by Vines, who reembarked with the rest of his crew for Saco. The Indian name for the river was Damache.
Two days later La Tour reappeared and took possession of the premises which, he afterwards asserted, had been fortified with two small cannon. After some resistance three of the Eng- lish defenders were killed, or fatally injured, and the others with their confiscated property were conveyed to Port Latour.
According to the account of Bradford, previously quoted, "This was the end of yt projecte," and the loss was "most, if not all, Mr. Allerton's; for though some of them should have been his partners, yet he trusted them for their partes."
In January, 1635-6, Allerton returned in his vessel from the French settlement at Port Latour, where he had failed to ransom his two Englishmen, who had been taken by La Tour at Machias and sent to France as prisoners of war.
# Winthrop, 2-125.
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392
PIONEERS ON MAINE RIVERS
APPENDIX A
OLD PLANTERS IN MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY IN JUNE, 1628 The Number:
June 29, 1629, Higginson reported 200 colonists at Salem and 100 outside, 300
March 28, 1631, Dudley listed 180 living and 80 dead colonists in the last two immigrations, 260
Old planters, 40
The Same Result May Be Approximated in Another Way: June 29, 1629, Higginson made the census, 300
September 6, 1628, White's estimate was 50 or 60, which with Higginson's 200 passengers made 260
Old planters, 40
The Tentative List:
Braintree (Mount Wallaston) :
1. Thomas Morton, arrived 1622, on his own account.
2. Thomas Walford, 1622 or 1624, for Captain John Mason.
3. Jeremiah Walford, came with his father.
4. John Peverly, 1622 or 1624, for Mason.
5. Thomas Moore, 1624, for Mason.
6. Walter Bagnall, 1624, for Morton.
7. Edward Gibbons, 1624, for Morton.
Weymouth (Wessaguscus) :
9. John Bursley, 1623, with Robert Gorges.
10. William Jeffrey, 1623, with Gorges.
11. Edward Johnson, 1622, for Weston.
Hull (Natascot) :
12. John Oldham, 1624, on his own account.
13. John Lyford, 1624, for Plymouth Colony.
14. Walter Knight, 1622, for the Dorchester Merchants.
15. John Gray, 1622, for Dorchester Merchants.
16. Thomas Gray, 1622, for Dorchester Merchants.
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APPENDIX
Boston (Shawmut) :
17. William Blackstone, 1623, with Gorges.
Salem (Nahumkeag) :
18. William Allen, 1624, for Dorchester Merchants.
19. John Balch, 1623, with Gorges.
20. Roger Conant, 1623, with Gorges.
21. Thomas Gardiner, 1624, for Dorchester Merchants.
22. Richard Norman, 1622, for Dorchester Merchants.
23. Richard Norman, the younger, with his father.
24. John Tilly, 1624, for Dorchester Merchants.
25. William Trask, 1623, with Gorges.
26. John Woodbury, 1624, for Dorchester Merchants.
27. Humphrey Woodbury, 1628, with his father.
28. Thomas Purchase, 1628, one of the Dorchester Merchants.
29. John Stratton, 1628, for Matthew Cradock.
30. Richard Bradshaw, 1628, for Dorchester Merchants.
31. Edward Ashley, 1628, on his own account.
32. George Lewis, 1628, with Purchase.
33. John Sanders, 1622, for Weston.
34. Peter Palfrey, 1622 or 1624, for Dorchester Merchants.
Mystic (Winnisimet) :
35. Samuel Maverick, 1623, with Gorges.
36. Amias, 1623, widow of David Thompson.
37. John Blackleach.
Gloucester (Cape Ann) :
38. John Watts, 1627, for Dorchester Merchants.
APPENDIX B
THE THIRTY NEW ENGLAND PATENTS
1621, June
1, John Pierce (New Plymouth) . 1622, March 9, John Mason (Cape Ann).
April 20, John Pierce (surrendered).
60
-
40
40
-
00
60
00
n.
28
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PIONEERS ON MAINE RIVERS
July
24, Duke of Richmond (Cape Elizabeth and Richmond Island). Sir George Calvert (Casco and Seguin Island) . Earl of Arundel (Pemaquid and Monhegan Is- land).
August 10, Gorges and Mason (Merrimac to Sagadahoc River).
October 16, David Thompson (Pascataqua River).
December 30, Robert Gorges (Massachusetts).
1623, May 5, Christopher Levett (Casco).
1624, January 1, Robert Cushman for Plymouth Colony (Cape Ann) .
1628, March 19, Massachusetts Bay Colony (East. Massachusetts). (Confirmed by Charles First March 4, 1628-9.)
1629,
November 17, Gorges, Mason and Associates (Laconia) .
1630,
January 13, Plymouth Colony (Cushnoc) .
February 12, John Oldham and Richard Vines (Biddeford). Thomas Lewis and Richard Bonython (Saco).
March 12, Edward Hilton (Dover and Squamscott) .
March 13, John Beauchamp and Thomas Leverett (Muscon- gus).
June 26, Lygonia Company (Sagadahoc).
1631,
November 1, Thomas Cammock (Scarborough). Richard Bradshaw (Pejepscot) .
November 3, Gorges, Mason and Associates (Pascataqua).
December 1, Ferdinando Gorges and Associates (Agamenticus) . John Gorges and Associates (Agamenticus) . John Stratton (Cape Porpoise).
Robert Trelawney and Moses Goodyear (Cape Elizabeth).
December 2, Walter Bagnall (Richmond Island) .
-
395
APPENDIX
1632,
February 29, Robert Aldworth and Gyles Elbridge (Pemaquid).
June 16, Thomas Purchase and George Way (Pejepscot) .
1638,
March 23, Oliver Godfrey and Associates (Cape Neddock) .
APPENDIX C
ANCIENT MAPS OF MAINE
Simancas, 1610.
Brown's Genesis U. S., 1-456.
Champlain, 1612.
Champlain (Prince Society), 3-228.
Smith, 1614 (Surcharged). Am. Ant. Col., 1875-90.
Hendricksen, 1614.
N. Y. Doc., 1-12.
Jacobs, 1621.
N. Y. Doc., Frontispiece.
Purchase (Glasgow Edition), 14-424.
N. Y. Doc. Hist., Frontispiece.
Champlain (Prince Society), 1-304.
Young's Mass. Chron., 388.
Eng. Arch. (Jenness' N. H.), Fron- tispiece.
*Copy of the Godfrey Map. Baxter Collection (State Library) .
*The map of "I. S.," 1665.
Baxter Collection (State Library) .
APPENDIX D
THE RECALL OF NEAL AND ASSOCIATES
There is no doubt that the Laconia Company recalled its Pas- cataqua employes because "returns" had been unsatisfactory. The list of those who returned with Neal in 1633 is a compilation based on later statements of the men themselves or other per- sons of equal veracity. Subsequently, all but three appear to have come back to America.
Those who remained in England were Adrian Tucker, Neal who, although an experienced military officer, failed to secure
* Western part only.
pe
3).
Brigges, 1625.
Nuova Anglia, 1631.
Champlain, 1632.
*Wood, 1635.
*Godfrey, 1653.
ape
15).
d
on-
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PIONEERS ON MAINE RIVERS
appointment as governor of New England, in 1637, and "Mr. Card," a householder who, from the nature of his personal be- longings, appears to have been a clergyman. The residence of Card at Pascataqua was not indicated. He may have lived in Maine or New Hampshire. His location seems to have been farther from Dover Point than Newichawannock, where he stored his household furniture. His habitation may have stood at Thompson's Point, where the Indians had ancient planting ground. This position would have been about midway between the cabin of Cammock in Eliot and the fort at Newichawannock.
APPENDIX E
THE WANNERTON DEED
This Identure made the Twentieth day of November in ye Seventeenth year of the Reigne of our Soverign Lord King Charles by the Grace of God of England Scotland France and Ire- land King Defender of the faith &c: Between Thomas Wanner- ton of Piscattaqua Gentleman of the one ptie & Alexa Shapleigh now resident in Piscattaqua aforesaid merchant of the other ptie That whereas it pleased ye president and Counsel of New Eng- land to grant a pattent of Lands and Territories upon the River of Piscattaqua aforesaid unto the right worshipfull Sr Farden- endo Gorges Knight Capt John Mason Esqr. and their Associates and the said Ferdenando Gorges Captain John Mason and their Associates for the well ordering and settling of Collonies and Plantations within ye Precincts of their said Pattent did con- stitute Capt Walter Neal Governour of their said Plantations by virtue whereof ye said Capt Walter Neal by his Deed under his hand and Seal bearing date the ninth day July Anno Domini 1633 had and made between ye said Walter Neal of thone ptie and ye aforesaid Wannerton of other ptie for ye Consideration in the said Deed expressed did assign and allot unto the said Thomas Wannerton a Certain pcel of Land scituate lying and being on the East Side of the aforesaid river of Piscattaqua be- ing bounded on ye North side with a small Currant and adjoyn- ing to the Corn Land planted in ye year 1633 aforesaid by Capt Thomas Cammock and on ye South Side bounded with asmall
397
APPENDIX
freshit adjoyning to asmall head Land commonly called point Joslen on ye west side bounded with the aforesaid River of Pis- cattaqua and to the Eastward the bounds Extend so farr as to the one half of the way between ye sd River of Piscattaqua and the River of Accementicus To have and to hold the afore said Land to the Sd Thomas Wannerton his heirs and assignes forever under the yearly rent of Ten shillings of Lawfull English money with other Covents and Conditions in the said Deed Expressed, as in & by the same more at large it doth and may appear, and whereas the aforesaid Thomas Wannerton by his Deed Indented under his hand and Seal bearing Date the first Day of March 1637 had and made between the Sd Thomas Wannerton of thone ptie and John Treworthy their agent in these parts for and behalfe of ye aforesaid Alexander Shapleigh of the other part for ye Consideration of Thirty pounds Starlin and other Considerations him the said Thomas Wannerton thereunto Especilly moving did aliene Sell and Confirm all those lands in ye Deed before Specified unto the Said John Treworthy agent for ye sd Alexander Shap- leigh . . Now these presents further witnesseth that the said Thomas Wannerton ... doth ... confirm unto the said Alex- ander Shapleigh his heirs and heirs and Assigns that aforesaid Tract of Land
In witness whereof the parties above said to these present Indenture their Signes and Seals Interchangably have Sett yeeron ye Day and year first above written-
Thos - (Seale) Wannerton
Sealed Signed & Delivered in ye Presence of those whose names are under written
Saml Maverick Francis Champernown Clement Camision
Roger Garde
A True copy Examd P Wm Pepperrell Clerk.
APPENDIX F
THE ANONYMOUS "RELATION" OF 1635
Some years ago an attempt was made to identify the author- ship of this document, on account of its important bearing upon
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398
PIONEERS ON MAINE RIVERS
Maine history. All of the evidence points unmistakably to Walter Neal, who had had charge of Laconia Plantation.
During his three years of service at Pascataqua he had traversed the Maine coast half a dozen times in the exercise of police powers and visited Massachusetts twice. He was at Pema- quid less than two months before July 15, 1633, when he left the country for England. He boasted, in 1637, that no European had made such extensive discoveries of the "inland parts" as himself.
The declaration of the number of cattle in New England at the time of his comparatively late departure, his knowledge of grants from the council, the intentional omission of the location of that to Hilton with whom he had had a controversy over boundaries, and the admission that his colony was far removed from others and adhered to the Church of England, all comport with Neal's relations.
The term "my selfe and Colonie" was previously used in the third person in Pascataqua patent; there the expression was: "Capt Walt : Neale and ye Colony wth him."
Furthermore, there is other evidence that Cape Porpoise and Casco had been "forsaken" in 1633, although the latter had been occupied continuously after that date by Cleave and Tucker.
That the "Relation" was written near the close of 1635 is ap- parent from internal reference :
1. The Indian Plague, according to Captain Smith, began in 1617 and prevailed for three years. The "Relation" referred to the medial year of 1618, which was seventeen years before 1635. William Wood, writing in 1633, asserted that the epidemic sub- sided "about 14 yeares agoe."
2. The year 1635 marked the fifteenth anniversary of the arrival of the Pilgrims.
3. The nine-year period of progress under governors Endi- cott and Winthrop was reckoned from the founding of Salem in 1626.
4. The mischief done by the Indians "last year" related to the murder of Captain Stone and his companions in Connecti- cut late in 1633, but not reported until the next year.
5. The seizure of Castine by the French occurred about August 1, 1635, and was alluded to in the "Relation" as already accomplished.
399
APPENDIX
APPENDIX G INDIAN TITLES AT SAGADAHOC (West Shore)
Phippsburg. John Parker, Sabenaw Peninsula and Chegoney, 1648.
Thomas Atkins, Atkins Bay, 1654.
Nicholas Reynolds, First High Head, December 3, 1661.
John, son of John Parker, of Sabenaw, Parker's Head and six miles upriver, June 14, 1659.
Thomas Webber, Winnegance Creek, May 29, 1660. Alexander Thwayts, Winnegance Creek, May 28, 1660.
Bath.
Robert Gouch, city site, May 29, 1660.
Thomas Watkins, Merry Meeting Bay, August 19, 1661.
(East Shore)
Georgetown. John Parker, of Sabenaw, Raskegon Island, Febru- ary 27, 1650-1.
Westport. Thomas Ashley and Thomas Joy, of Boston, Ras- kegon to Cape Saugs, August 21, 1661.
Arrowsic. John Richards, the whole island, April 22, 1649.
Woolwich. Edward Bateman and John Brown, Nequasseag, November 1, 1639.
James Smith, Tuessic to Merry Meeting Bay, May 8, 1648.
Thomas Ashley, New Merry Meeting Point above "The Chops," 1654.
(Both Shores of the Kennebec)
Alexander Thwayts, Swan Island, before 1649. Christopher Lawson, Swan Island, October 18, 1649. New Plymouth, Cushnoc, January 13, 1629-30.
APPENDIX H SULLIVAN'S HISTORICAL BLUNDER
James Sullivan in his "History of Maine," published in 1795, asserted that "There were in the year 1630, eighty four families,
red
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a-
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of
ad
the ndi-
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Dout sady
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35.
en
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of
at
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ap-
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400
PIONEERS ON MAINE RIVERS
besides fishermen, about Pemaquid, and St. Georges and Sheep- scot." That statement was based upon reminiscences of Sylvanus Davis, in 1701, when Davis did not claim such antiquity for the eastern settlements and cited only two cases of early residence -both at Saint George. One of these was to the effect that Richard Foxwell had lived at Saquid Point sixty years before. That planter acquired Salem plantation at Saint George in 1633, while a resident of Dorchester. The other case was that of Philip Swadden who was residing at Quisquamego as early as 1651, but had lived at Kittery and Dover prior to 1640.
In 1665, in their official report upon conditions in eastern Maine, New York commissioners found that the only plantations east of Kennebec River were Sagadahoc, Sheepscot and Pema- quid, of which the greater had "not over 20 houses." That re- port, signed by Samuel Maverick, is entitled to full credence for he had then traded in Maine with his own vessels for forty years.
Six weeks after the issuance of the report the eastern planters submitted to New York. The number of families then in the dis- trict was apportioned as follows: Sagadahoc, eight; Sheepscot, fourteen ; Pemaquid and Winnegance, four ; and Cape Newagen and Monhegan, none.
INDEX
(Consult pioneers for descendants not indexed)
Abbagadusset, 239, 251 Abdy, Matthew, 351 Abermot, 258 Abochigishic, 258 Abraham (ship), 19
Adams, Abraham, 254
Jonathan, 254 Philip, 138 Thomas, 136 Alcock, Job, 136 John, 134-6, 138, 142, 212 Alden, John, 276-278
Aldworth, Matthew, 352
Robert, 25, 173, 289, 313-16, 318-9, 324, 326, 328-9, 342, 347-50, 355, 371, 395 Thomas, 342 Alexander, Sir William, 26-7, 365-7, 370, 373, 375, 379 Alger, Andrew, 67, 192-3, 201, 204, 212, 379
Arthur, 193, 197 Elizabeth, 193 John, 193 Matthew, 193 Thomas, 67, 201-2, 225, 228, 232, 302, 379
Tristram, 204 Allen, Arnold, 210, 213, 236-8 Hope, 237 John, 73, 289, 302 Leonard, 302 Mary, 237 Robert, 284, 287, 325-6 William, 204, 393
Allerton, Isaac, 23, 30, 51, 59, 82, 154-5, 171-5, 177, 224, 243-4, 274-8, 314-5, 318, 369, 371-2, 377-8, 380-2, 390-1 Alley, Peter, 172 Alt, Henry, 45 Altham, Emanuel, 20, 311, 346
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