USA > Maine > Pioneers on Maine rivers, with lists to 1651 > Part 9
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ELIOT LANDS, 1699
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PIONEERS ON MAINE RIVERS
Only a few years after settlement John White deposed that his employer, John Treworthy, had been instrumental in induc- ing John Hurd of Great Island to come "up to Kittery" and build a dwelling at Sturgeon Creek.
Again, the oldest extant map of the Province of Maine, now in the British Museum, bears upon its western margin opposite Dover Point the imprint "Chetere," misspelled by some engraver who was unfamiliar with the English name. Within the area so designated was located, according to county records, the original manor afterwards inherited by Shapleigh heirs at Eliot and styled "Kittery House."
Finally, the ferry tolls from the mouth of Pascataqua River to Dover and Kittery were the same and that to Portsmouth, which was also based upon distance, was six pence less.
Aside from its central situation at Kittery, the reasons for Thompson's choice of the Eliot district are obvious. Clergymen of that period were planters from necessity. The site selected had been cultivated by both Runacwitts and Rowles and for time immemorial and was well adapted to agriculture.
Furthermore, Rowles was friendly to the English and subse- quently conveyed to them valuable tracts, including this one which was definitely described by himself as "Tomsons Poynt." Another possible reason for the selection of the Eliot parish was the proximity of planters at Dover, who on account of religious dictation at home sought spiritual counsel abroad.
August 13, 1635, Sir Ferdinando Gorges in England had made an agreement with Francis Williams, who had had supervision over the Laconia Company's salt operations at Frank's Fort, to convey to him the choice of any lands on the Maine shore which had not been granted to others. When Williams arrived at Pas- cataqua he found that Champernoone had secured title to the premises which he had had in mind. His complaint was that his plans had been disrupted by Thomas Bradbury, of York, who was then resident land agent for Gorges. The agent was charged with accepting a bribe in favor of the successful purchaser, who had the special advantage of being a close relative of the proprietor.
As an alternative he solicited title to a large tract on the upper edge of Eliot, adjoining Thompson's Brook. Later he ob- tained his deed from Thomas Gorges who had reached Agamen-
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PISCATAQUA RIVER
ticus in the summer of 1640. At that time Williams was estab- lished as governor at Strawberry Bank, and Gibbons, who then lived at Sanders' Point, was acting as his assistant under the original combination compact .;
The Williams tract lay in Eliot adjoining the present South Berwick line. It was described as situated on the "northeast side of the River Pascattaquack over against Tompsons pointe, wch is bounded wth the most northerly brooke or creeke commonly called the blacke creeke, next adjoyneing to Sagamor Runacwitts old planting ground on the north, and from thence alongst the said River to run Downe towards the harbours mouth unto a creeke or cove next adjacent Amiciskeg point so called by the natives on the south, containeing in length upon the said River aboute halfe a mile more or lesse."
This land was located below the river projection, which was subsequently described in a deed from the chief sagamore as "my Poynt of Land Commanly known by the name of Tomsons Poynt, an ould Corne ground which I the sayd Mr Rowls have formerly made uss of." Samuel Treworthy, a subsequent owner, referred to the same premises as "all that my Necke or Tract of Land, scituate above Sturgeon Cricke In the Town shipp of Kittery in Pischataqua River aforesayd fformerly Called Tomsons poynt."}
This estate was to be held by free and common socage and, like the manor of Sir Ferdinando Gorges at Agamenticus known as Point Christian, exempt from knight's service, but subject to a small annual rental charge.
It was a condition of the original agreement with Gorges that the grantee should settle upon the premises with a family of eleven immigrants and the later deed recited that this war- ranty had been fulfilled. It is not known who comprised the set- tler's household besides his wife Helen, but it is obvious that he maintained his own legal residence in Portsmouth though he had built a commodious dwelling below Black Creek which was styled "Thompson's Point House." The title to the premises was confirmed to Williams in 1644 by the justices of Yorkshire Court, including Henry Jocelyn, but like Vines and his associates at the Eastward this planter soon wearied of agriculture and politics at Pascataqua and resolved to emigrate to Barbadoes.
+ N. H. Prov. Papers, 1-111.
York Deeds, 1-3, 5; 3-10.
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PIONEERS ON MAINE RIVERS
December 5, 1645, he sold his farm in Portsmouth to Richard Cummings and Thomas Turpin, of the Isle of Shoals (Apple- dore), and soon after left New England for good. He could not dispose of his land in Eliot in a similar way on account of the nature of his title.§
But the premises at Thompson's Point did not remain vacant long for two years later they were tenanted by Edward Star- buck and Richard Waldron, both of Dover, who were engaged in furnishing masts to English shipbuilders. The location was described as only three miles from that of Nicholas Frost and his associates "with bounds not possessed by any & remoat from other manes lottes."*
The lease to the Dover men appears to have been given by the Yorkshire Court with the sanction of Williams, but Frost and his neighbors objected strenuously to their proceedings in the province. October 27, 1647, the Inhabitants of Pascataqua be- gan a suit against Starbuck and Waldron by attachment of their masts in Eliot. The gist of the action was defined as "felling timber upon the land which they were tennants unto." Feeling ran high and some of the townsmen even threatened to remove Jocelyn from the bench, presumably on account of his major in- fluence in securing court approval of the deed of the premises given by Gorges to Williams. At any rate, the offending justice had been the first to sign the confirmation. The prosecution was dismissed the next year by agreement.
December 19, 1648, Thompson's Point House was assessed in New Hampshire without specification of ownership. However, the building had been in the possession of Dover residents and was recognized as taxable personal property of that province, although situated in Maine.
Turpin, who had acquired the interest of Cummings in the New Hampshire estate of Williams, was drowned while on a fishing trip October 29, 1649. Soon after, it was reported that his ad- ministrator, John Manning who was a resident of Massachusetts, had decided "to Cease upon the Farme at ye Eastward.";
It is difficult to say what disposition would have been made of the Eliot tract and Thompson's Point, which adjoined it on the north, but February 14, during the year of Turpin's decease, the
§ Suffolk Deeds, 1-67.
* 4 Mass. Hist. Col., 7-378.
¡ York Deeds, 1-62.
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PISCATAQUA RIVER
organized inhabitants of Pascataqua had assumed complete con- trol of the territory on the Maine side of Pascataqua River and granted lands above and below Black Creek to influential citizens of the new municipality.}
The confiscation of lands in upper Eliot by the town was not accomplished without some disturbance. Former employes of Turpin at Strawberry Bank farm or on the Eliot tract brought suits against his estate in Maine to recover unpaid wages. Some of these claimants were William Hilton, Abraham Radiver, Syl- vester Stover and Nicholas Treworthy, who had lived on Bloody Point or elsewhere about Great Bay. Stover removed to York. The outcome of this litigation was not disclosed by the records.
After Massachusetts had secured control, in 1653, Hilton pro- cured a judgment in York Court against Captain John Mason's widow for acts of trespass committed against him by her agents in 1632. The gist of the action and the basis of recovery were compensations for the disseizin of his land, "which the defend- ant took from him, and for the vacancy of one year's time, and cutting down his house and for other injuries * * * and for the interest for the term of one and twenty years." His corn had been confiscated by Cammock and conveyed to Watertown in Neal's pinnace, to be milled with what had been raised at Little Harbor. The vessel reached Boston October 18 in charge of Cam- mock and Godfrey.
Another suit brought by Hilton against Gorges at the same session was subsequently discontinued, and neither of the actions affected the title of Nicholas Shapleigh in the Cammock and. Wannerton tracts at Eliot. February 22, 1653-4, all of his land about Kittery House, containing about 500 acres, was confirmed to him by the town.
PIONEERS
BACHILOR, STEPHEN, born 1561, clergyman; Oxford, 1581; arrived in Boston June 5, 1632, in the "Whale"; Lynn, 1632; Ipswich, 1636; Sand- wich, 1637; Hampton, 1638; wife Helen died and he married Mary, of Kittery, 1648; died at Hackney, England, 1660; children Deborah (Wing), born 1592, Stephen, born 1594, Henry, Theodate (Hussey) and Ann (Sanborn), born 1601.
BEARD, THOMAS, servant of London Company at Salem, 1629; servant of Treworthy in 1640; died at Dover, 1679; widow Marie; children. Elizabeth (Watson), Joseph, Marie, Martha (Bramhall) and Thomas ..
# York Deeds, 1-5.
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PIONEERS ON MAINE RIVERS
BEETLE, ROBERT, assigned land at Eliot by Thomas Gorges, 1641; widow married Stephen Bachilor, 1648, and later Thomas Turner; child Chris- topher.
BUNKER, JAMES, Kittery, 1646; employed by widow Catherine Shapleigh in 1648 and 1649, when Ellingham hired the Shapleigh mills at Stur- geon Creek; Oyster River, 1651; died 1698; widow Sarah; children James, John and Joseph.
BURDETT, ED, at Eliot with John Treworthy, 1645.
BURSLEY, JOHN, planter who came to Weymouth with Robert Gorges, 1623; Dorchester, 1631; married Joanna Hull, November 28, 1639; Ex- eter, 1642; Eliot, 1647; died at Dorchester, 1660; children Mary (Crock- er), born 1643, Joanna (Dimmock), born 1644, Elizabeth (Goodspeed, Clap), born 1649, and John, born 1652.
CAMMOCK, THOMAS, son of Thomas and Frances, daughter of Robert and sister of Robert Rich, Earl of Warwick, baptized at Maldon, Eng- land, February 18, 1592-3; Eliot, 1630-1; 1632-3; planter at Scarbor- ough, 1634-8; died in Jamaica, 1643; widow Margaret married Henry Jocelyn; no issue.
CONLEY, ABRAHAM, planter at Eliot, 1638; Dover, 1657; died 1677; name of widow unmentioned; daughter Judith (Lord).
DAVIS, DANIEL, planter, 1647; submitted to Massachusetts, 1652.
DOWNING, DENNIS, blacksmith, 1650; wife Ann, 1656; wife Patience, 1679; killed by Indians July 4, 1697; sons Joshua, born 1643, and John. EMERY, ANTHONY, son of John and Agnes, of Romsey, England, arrived at Boston with wife Frances June 3, 1635; Portsmouth, Rhode Island, 1636; Newbury, 1638; Dover, 1640; Eliot, 1648; returned to Portsmouth, 1660-1680; children James, John and Rebecca (Sadler, Eaton).
EVERETT, WILLIAM, at Eliot, 1640; died 1653; widow Margery married Isaac Nash, of Dover; children Martha (Lord), born 1640, and William. FROST, NICHOLAS, born at Tiverton, England, April 25, 1585; married in January, 1630, Bertha Cadwalla; employe of Holman and Way at Damariscove, 1632; returned from England in the "Wulfrana" in June, 1634; at Little Harbor several months; Eliot, 1635; died July 20, 1663; children (the eldest sons born in Tiverton, Anne at Little Harbor and the rest at Eliot: Charles, July 30, 1631, John, August 7, 1633, Anne, April 17, 1635, Catherine (Leighton, Hammond), December 25, 1637, Eliza- beth (Gowen), May 10, 1640, and Nicholas, May 30, 1645.
GREEN, JOHN, at Eliot, 1647; died 1680; widow Julian; children Barbara (Jellison), Elizabeth (Abbott), John and Mary (Searl).
HAYNES, SAMUEL, born 1602; wrecked in the "Angel Gabriel" in Pema- quid Harbor, August 15, 1635; Kittery, 1640; removed to Dover, where he was living in 1684; children Mary (Weeks), Matthias, born 1650, and Samuel, born 1646.
HILTON, WILLIAM, fishmonger of London, 1616; New Plymouth, 1621; Dover Point, 1628; Kittery, 1632; died at York, 1655: widow Frances married Richard White that year; children Anna (Beal), Mary (Wig- gin) and William.
JONES, THOMAS, born 1609; servant of Alexander Shapleigh at Eliot, 1640; living, 1679.
KNOWLES, HANSARD, clergyman at Dover, 1638; bought the "Bay Lands" in Eliot of Henry Jocelyn, 1638; removed to Virginia October 7, 1643, after conveying his real estate to Massachusetts.
MARSH, HUGH, born 1619; servant of Stephen Kent; came from South- ampton to Newbury, 1638; Eliot, 1646; wife Judith died December 14, 1675; wife Dorcas Blackleach, died November 22, 1683; died December 12, 1693; widow Sarah Haley; children, all born at Newbury, except the eldest, George, 1646, Judith, January 3, 1652-3, Hugh, November 3, 1656, John, June 10, 1658, and James, January 11, 1663-4.
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MARTIN, JOHN, servant of John Treworthy before 1645; Dover, 1647; died 1664; widow Sarah; children Abraham, Hannah, Mary, Mehitable and Sarah.
NEWGROVE, JOHN, tenant of Henry Jocelyn on the "Bay Lands," 1636- 1641; Dover, 1642; Boston, 1647; wife Mary.
NUTTER, HATEVIL, born 1604; planter at Dover, 1642; Eliot, 1649; Dover, 1652; died 1675; widow Anne; children Abigail (Roberts), Anthony, Elizabeth (Leighton), John and Mary (Wingate).
PAUL, DANIEL, mariner of Ipswich, England; came from London in the "Increase," 1637; Boston, 1640; New Haven, 1643; bought the house of John Symonds at Eliot, 1646; Portsmouth, 1658-1666; wife Elizabeth; children Abigail (Alcock) and Stephen.
PICKERING, JOHN, born 1600; carpenter at Pascataqua, 1633; Ports- mouth, 1640; Eliot, 1640; wife Mary; died in Portsmouth January 18, 1668-9; children Abigail, John, Mary, Rebecca, Sarah and Thomas.
PIKE, JOHN, laborer, emigrated from Langford and sailed from South- ampton in the "James," 1635; Ipswich, 1635; Kittery, 1640; died at Salisbury May 26, 1654; children Ann, Dorothy (Hendrick), Israel (True), John and Robert, born 1616.
SHEARS, JEREMIAH, planter at Eliot, 1649; wife Elizabeth; removed to Cape Neddock; died 1664; widow Susanna, former wife of Nicholas Green; child Elizabeth (Spencer).
SMALL, EDWARD, Eliot planter, June 25, 1640; secured title to his land from Thomas Gorges, 1643; sold premises to Antiphas Maverick, 1647; Isles of Shoals, 1653; son Francis lived in the country since 1634, when he was fourteen years old.
STARBUCK, EDWARD, born 1604; planter at Kittery, 1640; lived on both banks of the Pascataqua; tenant on Thompson's Brook in Eliot, 1647; removed to Nantucket, 1659, and died February 4, 1690; widow Cather- ine (Reynolds); children Nathaniel, born 1635, Dorcas (Gayer), Sarah (Story, Austin, Varney), Abigail (Coffin), Esther (Varney) and Jethro, born 1651.
THOMPSON, WILLIAM, born 1599, clergyman; Oxford College, 1620; Kittery, 1637; Braintree, 1639; wives Abigail. who died 1643, and Ann; died December 10, 1666; children Samuel, William, Joseph. born May 1, 1640, Benjamin, born July 14, 1642, and Ann born March 3, 1648.
TREWORTHY, JAMES, merchant, married at Kingsweare, England, Cath- erine, daughter of Alexander Shapleigh, March 16. 1616-7; Eliot, 1640-2; widow married Edward Hilton; children John, born 1617, Elizabeth (Gilman), Joanna (Amerideth), Samuel, born 1628, and Lucy (Chad- bourne, Wells, Stileman), born 1632.
WANNERTON, THOMAS, soldier at Portsmouth, 1631; killed in a military expedition at Castine, 1644; widow Ann married Thomas Williams; children Edward, who died at Scituate October 17, 1715, aged 85, Jo- anna (Smith) and Thomas.
WHITE, JOHN, born 1604; employe of Alexander Shapleigh at Eliot. 1638; wife Lucy; died after 1680; children Abigail (Allen), John and Mary.
WILLIAMS, FRANCIS, superintendent of the salt industry at Frank's Fort in Eliot, 1631-3; returned from England, 1640; wife Helen and several children; removed to Barbadoes, 1646, from Portsmouth, where he had a farm.
KITTERY.
The first known resident at the mouth of Pascataqua River in Maine was Philip Swadden who had been a servant to Robert
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PIONEERS ON MAINE RIVERS
Seeley in Massachusetts until freed by the court August 16, 1631.§
His wigwam stood at Kittery Point upon land confirmed to him by Gorges. In February, 1634, Ambrose Gibbons bought corn from him which may have been raised on the premises the previous year.
In 1636, John Treworthy from Dartmouth, England, arrived in the river in charge of a vessel and merchandise for his grand- father Alexander Shapleigh. He made his port at Kittery Point .*
He obtained permission from Swadden to erect a magazine or storehouse on the outward side of the Point. The building was also occupied as a dwelling, according to the statement of William Reeves, who was employed as a fisherman on Treworthy's bark, called the Bachelor.t
May 5, very soon after his arrival, Treworthy who was a minor, negotiated with Thomas Bradbury, of York, as agent for Gorges, to sell to Edward Johnson on behalf of his grandfather 500 acres of land which extended eastward from Swadden's grant to Cutts' Island. The conveyance included all of Kittery Point but the extremity. This exception by Bradbury in the deed to Shapleigh disclosed the fact that the few acres reserved had been alienated to Swadden by Bradbury since his advent at York in July, 1634. The record of such a transaction is not extant.}
June 28, 1636, John Winter complained to Trelawney that John Billings, Oliver Clark, William Freathy, William Ham, John Lander and John Symonds, who had arrived at Richmond Island the previous year, had left his service at the island and gone "westward by land." The deserters visited Agamenticus and Kittery before their return. Subsequently, Billings, Lander and Symonds became residents of Kittery and Freathy a citizen of York.§§
December 12, 1636, according to a deposition of Edward Johnson, Francis Champernoone, son of Sir Arthur, of Darting- ton, England, bought Champernoone's Island and five hundred acres more on the mainland at Kittery. To the island he assigned the name of his father's residence and to the tract lying along the shore between Kittery Point, which then belonged to Shap-
§ Mass. Col. Rec., 1-80.
* Me. Doc. Hist., 6-38 ; N. E. Hist. Gen. Reg., 5-349.
+ Me. Doc. Hist., 4-106, 112.
İ York Deeds, 1-11.
§§ Me. Doc. Hist., 3-93.
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leigh, and Brave Boat Harbor he gave the less romantic one of Godmorrock .*
Johnson testified further that he had assisted Champernoone in effecting a bargain with Thomas Bradbury, of Agamenticus, who at that time was acting as Gorges' agent for the disposal of his lands in New England. The consideration was stated to have been "two kowes or heifers."
The first English house at the mouth of Pascataqua River in Maine was begun by Alexander Shapleigh on his land at Kittery Point in 1637 or 1638 and near by, on land leased from Swadden, a brewhouse was erected by John Treworthy for the use of his fishermen, who were employed on the Bachelor. Two of these fishermen were William Reeves and Richard Thomas; others may have been John Andrews and Thomas Crockett .;
Before the organization of any proprietary court was ef- fected in Maine, some form of self-government was required to provide mutual protection against raids by pirates and inter- lopers. Even the early invasion by the French and hostile acts of the natives had severely overtaxed the police powers of Captain Neal.
After his departure from the country the eastern plantations feared that there might be no legal restraints upon crime and formed a voluntary combination for common defence. Proof of the existence of such a compact may be found in the records of New Somerset and in private correspondence of the period.
February 7, 1636-7, Thomas Lewis, the patentee of Saco, was cited before his associates, at the house of Thomas Williams, to answer suits brought in his own court against himself and "to show cause why he will not deliver up the combination belonging to us." Obviously, his plea would have been want of jurisdiction by the new tribunal. The officials who demanded the surrender of the old combination were Thomas Cammock and Henry Joce- lyn, early of Pascataqua, Edward Godfrey and William Gorges, of Agamenticus, Richard Bonython and Richard Vines, of Saco, and Thomas Purchase, of Pejepscot. At that date the list repre- sented all of the communities in the district.}
The next year George Burdett, pastor at Dover, recommended to the Archbishop of Canterbury "That a speedie Course be taken
* York Deeds, 3-97.
៛ Me. Doc. Hist., 4-106; York Ct. Rec., 1-138 ; Suffolk Deeds, 1-128.
į York Ct. Rec., 1-10.
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to setle his Maties Govrnt amongest us; there yet being none but Combinacons" on Pascataqua River.§
Two years later George Puddington was accused, by Burdett at York, of disloyalty to the dominant administration when he made the statement : "We hold that the power of our combination is stronger than the power of the King."*
Probably, the very same year that development was begun at Kittery Point, dwellings and fishing equipment were completed by Champernoone on his island.
In the description of New England, published in London in 1638, Captain John Underhill observed, that "The northern plan- tations, and eastern, as Puscataway, would not be neglected ; they are desirable places, and lie in the heart of fishing. Puscataway is a river navigable for a ship of a hundred tons some six leagues up. With boats and pinnaces you may go a great way further. It is the only key of the country for safety. With twelve pieces of ordnance, will keep out all the enemies in the world. The mouth of the river is narrow, lies full upon the southeast sea ; so as there is no anchoring without, except you hazard ship and men. It is accomodated with a good soil, abundance of good tim- ber; meadows are not wanting to the place. Pity it is it hath been so long neglected There was grown in Puscata- way the last year, and in the Bay, as good English grain as can grow in any part of the world.";
January 10, 1639-40, John Lander, who had acquired the interest of Swadden at Kittery Point, conveyed the westerly end of his lot and half of his house, just finished, to his fishing part- ner, John Billings.}
June 25, of that year, all residents of Kittery had been cited to attend the first session of a proprietary court to be holden at Agamenticus and to signify their acquiescence in the administra- tion of local government by Gorges.
The names of those who recognized the summons were re- corded in the following order : James Treworthy, Edward Small, Nicholas Frost, John Hurd, Philip Swadden, John Pike, William Everett, Andrew Heifor and Peter Weare.
Those who failed to appear were: Francis Champernoone,
§ N. H. Doc. in Eng. Arch., 32.
* York Ct. Rec., 1-69.
+ 3 Mass. Hist. Col .. 6-14.
į York Deeds, 1-10.
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Stephen Crafford, John Lander, William Wormwood, John Andrews, Thomas Withers, John White, John Newgrove, Abra- ham Conley, Samuel Haynes, Edward Starbuck, John Hall, Thomas Spencer, Humphrey Chadbourne and Thomas Brooks.
In the record of this court it appeared that Thomas Wanner- ton, who then lived at Strawberry Bank, had complained of local fishermen for pilfering timber which had been used in fishing stages at Pascataqua. The owner of the stage destroyed was John Baple, a fishing master of Barnstable, England. The of- fenders were found to be Stephen Crafford, of Brave Boat Har- bor, and William Seavey, of the Isles of Shoals. Crafford was drowned two years later in a fishing voyage off the coast whither he had ventured with a shallop and "servant" belonging to Sea- vey. His estate included houses at Brave Boat Harbor and at Oyster River in Dover.
Champernoone, who had been living upon his island, pur- chased, sometime in 1640, a tract of land at Greenland, New Hampshire, where he built a house. Afterwards, the dwelling at Great Harbor was designated "Champernoone's Lower House" to distinguish it from that at Great Bay which stood upon a point near other land of Robert Saltonstall, from whom it had been acquired.§
June 27, 1648, Yorkshire Court conferred upon William Hil- ton the sole right to maintain an "ordinary" at the mouth of Pas- cataqua River on Kittery Point, where for six years he had been a tenant in the house, built by Alexander, and leased by Nicholas Shapleigh. By virtue of his license Hilton was required to serve as public ferryman upon the river and the tolls from his tavern were fixed as follows : Great Island, six pence ; Strawberry Bank, twelve pence; and Dover and Kittery, eighteen pence.
October 20, 1649, all of Pascataqua Plantation, comprising Champernoone's Island, Kittery Point, Kittery (Eliot) and Ne- wichawannock, were incorporated by the proprietary government as a town by the name of Kittery.
Champernoone spent the winter following the organization of the municipality in Barbadoes where Parker, Vines, Williams and the Robinsons had been stationed for three years. He left the custody of his house at Greenland to Samuel Haynes and Thomas Withers and subsequently sold it to the former. The
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