USA > Michigan > Calhoun County > History of Calhoun county, Michigan, With Illustrations descriptive of its scenery > Part 20
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In June, 1836, Chauncey M. Brewer and Charles T. Gorham, then young men on a tour of observation for a location to begin life's business seriously and in earnest, possessed of little save good business qualities and a determination to succeed, arrived at Marshall and selected it as a point for business, and formed a copartnership, and obtained a stock of goods, which they opened the same month. This connection lasted until 1840, when Mr. Gorham withdrew from the firm and turned his attention to banking. Mr. Brewer associated with him Messrs. Dusenbury and Butler, and continued the connection until 1845, when they re- tired, and Mr. Brewer has since then been in trade alone. His sons, Charles D. and Edgar G., now conduct the mercantile business, their father giving his per- sonal attention to his other financial interests. He is reputed to be the wealthiest man in the county. In 1837, Schuyler & Wallingford opened a hardware store, and kept a heavy stock, and were in the trade for a number of years. Mr. Schuyler is now an eminent Episcopalian divine in St. Louis. J. M. Parsons
and George S. Wright began trading in 1836, and. Mr. Parsons is still engaged in that line at the present time. Brewer & Gorham built the front of the present brick store of Mr. Brewer's in 1838, having opened their first stock on the opposite side of the street, and farther west. Parsons & Wright built the Par- sons block. Mr. Wright is now engaged in banking. Comstock & Halsey began trading also in 1837 in general merchandise, and also added a druggist's department to the business. They were also heavy manufacturers for many years. They occupied afterwards the brick building opposite the Marshall House. In 1840, A. O. Hyde opened a drug-store, paints, oils, etc., and is still in the same line of trade, having been continuously interested therein during the whole period. Lewis & Thompson were in trade in June, 1836, and had been some time previously. S. J. Burpee, a son of the first hardware merchant of the village forty-two years ago, represents the old pioneer in the same line in the city of to-day. Asa B. Cook was for twenty-five years a prominent merchant of Marshall, and retired a few years since, surrendering his trade to a son. J. W. Fletcher, Cronin Brothers, and Jere. Cronin, Jr., prominent merchants of to-day, began their business lives in Marshall, and have built up their trade to extended proportions by their own management and foresight. H. M. & P. Hempstead are leading merchants in the dry-goods line, and carry probably the heaviest stock in the city. I. S. Peters & Brothers (three brothers) are in the hardware line, two other brothers are manufacturers in Marshall, and three others of the brothers of this family are heavy traders elsewhere.
PIONEER ARTISANS.
The first blacksmith-shop was put up by Peter Chisholm, in 1831, and the second one by Lansing Kingsbury, in 1833. The first shoemaker was H. C. Goodrich, in 1832, afterwards sheriff of the county; and the first tailor was Wil- liam R. McCall, who came in 1833, and, having no fire in his shop, had to bake his goose at a neighbor's. He is still pursuing the even tenor of his way, with
" Stitch, stitch, stitch, Band and gusset and seam,"
though Elias Howe's simple invention of a needle with the eye in its point has done away with much of the slow work of ye olden time. The other three of his companion-journeymen are laid to rest. Mr. McCall is the oldest living business man in the city in point of location. The first harness-maker was Mr. Brockway.
BANKING.
The history of the old Calhoun County bank and the "wild cat" Marshall bank, is given in the general history of banking in the county. Hon. Charles T. Gorham began the private banking business in 1840, and followed it several years, until the national banks were established. Horace J. Perrin also engaged similarly in or about 1858. In the year 1863 the Bank of Michigan was chartered under the State banking law with a capital of $100,000, Joseph Sibley, president, and William Powell, cashier. On June 14, 1865, the bank was re- organized under the national banking law as the " National Bank of Michigan," with the following directory : Horace J. Perrin, president; William Powell, cashier ; Manlius Mann, Samuel S. Lacey, Ennis Church, J. M. Bulkley. In 1866-68, John B. Frink and M. D. Strong were cashiers, and in 1876 Mr. Powell resumed the position, and has held it ever since. The capital, which was $100,000 at the organization, was increased in 1874 to $200,000. The present board of directors is as follows : H. J. Perrin, president; A. T. Vary, vice- president; William Powell, cashier ; M. Mann, Ennis Church, Byron Church. The quarterly statement of April 14, 1877, shows the condition of the bank to be as follows : capital stock paid in, surplus and undivided profits, $259,115.14 ; National bank notes outstanding, $180,000, secured by $200,000 in United States bonds ; individual deposits, subject to check and on certificates, $56,452.22 ; loans and discounts, $222,737.64 ; other stocks, bonds, and mortgages, $20,554.99 ; due from approved reserve agents and other National banks, $17,499.09; real estate and furniture, $13,650; cash on hand, legal-tender notes, redemption fund, etc., $21,085.64 ; notes and bills rediscounted, $10,000. The total assets of the bank amounted to $495,567.36, and the total liabilities other than to its own stock- holders and for circulation, $66,452.22.
On the 5th day of August, 1865, the First National bank was organized, and commenced business October 9, 1865, in the office of Charles T. Gorham. Mr. Gorham, president ; Charles P. Dibble, vice-president; George S. Wright, cashier. William R. Schuyler, George B. Murray, Asa B. Cook, Pratt A. Spicer, and Devillo Hubbard were the first board of directors, and the present board, with the exception of Mr. Schuyler and Mr. Spicer, who have been succeeded by C. G. Crane and M. D. Stevens. The quarterly statement of April 14, 1877, makes the following exhibit of the condition of the bank : capital stock paid in, sur-
HIRAM A.PETERMAN.
RMANS
BOR
TORY
OFFICE & RES. OF DR. H. A . PETERMAN, MARSHALL, MICHIGAN
MRS. S. A. PETERMAN.
RESIDENCE OF HENRY ATKINSON, MARSHALL, MICHIGAN.
ABARTHAN PLACE , RESIDENCE OF MORGAN J . ALEXANDER, MARSHALL, MICH.
55
HISTORY OF CALHOUN COUNTY, MICHIGAN.
plus and undivided profits, $209,553.16 ; circulation outstanding, $85,900 ; indi- vidual deposits subject to check or certificate, $158,047.21; loans and discounts, $219,125.10; other bonds, mortgages, and stocks aside from bonds to secure circulation, $31,130.09 ; United States bonds to secure circulation, $100,000; due from approved reserve agents and other National and State banks and bankers, $34,375.06; real estate, furniture, etc., $24,613.63 ; cash on hand, $37,222.99 ; redemption and other items, $7134.19. Total assets, $453,501.06, and total lia- bilities other than to stockholders and on account of circulation, $158,047.21.
The National City bank of Marshall was organized July 6, 1872, with the following board of directors : G. W. Bentley, president; Martin D. Strong, cashier ; John Houston, John Adams, John C. Fitzgerald, William Cook, Loomis Hutchinson, Joseph Bentley, M. J. Alexander, and Samuel J. Burpee, which remains the same, except that James Downs and C. H. Cook have been added, and S. V. R. Lepper is the present cashier.
The last quarterly statement of the bank, dated April 14, 1877, gives the fol- lowing exhibit of its condition : Capital stock paid in, surplus and undivided profits, $120,167.78; circulation outstanding, $45,000 ; individual deposits, $54,923.55 ; loans and discounts, $135,365.25 ; U. S. bonds to secure circulation, $50,000 ; other bonds, etc., $268.46 ; due from approved reserve agents and other National banks, $11,314.70 ; real estate, furniture, etc., $7675; expense and premium account, $3398.03 ; cash on hand, $10,819.89 ; redemption fund, $2250. Total assets, $220,091.33; total liabilities other than to stockholders' and circula- tion account, $54,923.55. Excess, $165,067.78.
The grand aggregate of banking capital and surplus in the city foots up $588,- 836.08, the total deposits being $269,422.98, and the total loans and discounts being $567,227.99. The total assets of the banks amounted to $1,169,159.75, being an excess over their liabilities other than to their own stockholders, and on circulation account, of $889,636.79.
POST-OFFICE.
The first post-office in Calhoun County was established in Marshall, in 1832, George Ketchum being appointed the postmaster, who used to keep the postal matter for the settlement in a cigar-box. The mail was brought in on horseback, and came semi-occasionally for some time, until the post-route was established, in 1836, from Jackson via Marshall to Centreville, when the mail was brought once each week for a time, then semi-weekly, and finally daily. Rev. John D. Pierce succeeded Mr. Ketchum, and kept the office in his double log house, on the site of the house now occupied by Manlius Mann, on Mansion street. Mr. Pierce utilized his clock-case for a receptacle for the postal matter, without detriment to the time-piece, the pendulum having full swing without interference from the mail. Charles D. Smith next succeeded to the appointment, being appointed by President Jackson, and re-appointed by Van Buren, holding the office about six years. Emerson T. Wakefield succeeded Mr. Smith for a short lease of power, only six months, and James M. Parsons came in under Harrison for three and a half years. During Mr. Parsons' incumbency there was an attempt made to oust him from the office, and three hundred of his fellow-citizens, irrespective of party, remonstrated against his removal, and paid him a high compliment for efficiency and non-partisanship in the conduct of the office. Zenas Tillotson served four years under President Polk, and was succeeded by George S. Wright for a term of the same duration under Taylor and Fillmore. Dr. J. H. Montgomery carried off the prize for eight years under Presidents Pierce and Buchanan, and stepped aside for Seth Lewis, who was appointed by Mr. Lincoln, and held the office five and a half years. James Monroe was appointed by President Johnson, but hardly was warm in his seat when, at the end of six months, S. S. Lacey came in for two years. Herbert A. Read then was the incumbent under Grant for five years, and was succeeded by the present incumbent, Samuel J. Burpee, February 21, 1874. William R. Lewis is the efficient and courteous assistant, who presides at the money-order office. He occupied the position of assistant postmaster under Seth Lewis, Mr. Lacey, and Read, also. By his kindness we here give a résumé of the business of the office for the year 1876: money orders issued, domestic, 2737; amounting to $32,825.31 ; 8 Canadian for 6 months, beginning July 1, 1876, $97.73; 25 British, $414.50; and 12 German, $84. Total number issued, 2784 ; amount, $33,421.54. Orders paid, 1627 ; domestic, $23,140.22 ; 2 Cana- dian, $24.56; 1 British, $11.91 ; 8 German, $76.13. Total number paid, 1638; amount, $23,252.82. Total amount issued and paid, $56,674.36. Fees received for orders issued, $337.25. 249 registered letters were dispatched, and 603 received and delivered during the year. During the year there were stamps and stamped envelopes and postal cards sold to the value of $5392.53. The domestic money-order business was established in this office July 1, 1865 ; the British, October 1, 1871 ; the German, July 1, 1875; and the Canadian, July 1, 1876. The first mail contractor was Mr. I. Camp, who carried it between Jackson and Marshall in 1833.
RAILROADS.
The Michigan Central railroad, the only line running through Marshall now in operation, was completed to this place August 10, 1844, the same being con- structed thus far, and thence onward to Kalamazoo, by the State, while it was a part of the gigantic system of internal improvements initiated by the State authorities on the adoption of the State constitution. The shops of the company were established at Marshall soon after the road was completed to this point, and were a great aid to the prosperity and advancement of the material progress of the city until the year 1873, when, as previously stated, the shops were removed to Jackson.
The Mansfield, Coldwater and Mackinaw (or Marshall and Coldwater) railroad has been graded through the city, but is not yet tied or ironed. The total receipts of the Central road for the year 1844, for its entire length, amounted to $211,- 169.84, of which $83,551.03 were for passenger traffic, and the balance for freight and mails. In 1847 there were 21,187 barrels of flour shipped from Marshall against 15,354 barrels in 1846. During the year 1876, the business of the road transacted at the Marshall station was as follows: there were 22,459,952 pounds of freight received, and 20,430,272 pounds forwarded, the earnings on which amounted to $66,202.74. The passenger traffic amounted to $19,123.15, making the total earnings $85,325.89. There were 33,325 barrels of flour and 104,322 bushels of grain shipped. J. W. Nutting, station agent, has placed us under obligations for the foregoing statements, who, together with his assistant, F. T. Warmington, furnished the same to us. James A. Way was one of the first agents, if not the first, and held the position for many years. Z. Til- lotson was the first contractor.
Wells & Co. first established an express to Marshall in September, 1844, which was operated under different names until the reorganization and redistribution of routes, when the American Express Company secured the Central road, and its office was established at Marshall. S. Wormley has been the agent for ten years. The earnings of the office for 1876 were : on shipments, $3697.05; on receipts, $5483.15 ; total, $9180.20.
HOTELS.
The first hotel that was opened in the county of Calhoun was that of S. Camp, in Marshall, and known as the Exchange, and situated at the east end of the village. It was a frame building, two stories high, and stood on the corner of State street and Marshall House square. It was opened in the spring of 1833. Previous to this time, however, Mr. J. D. Pierce, by agreement with certain parties of whom he bought his house, a double log, threw it open for the accommodation of the public, but never put out a sign or kept a tavern. In 1835 the National House was built, the first brick building erected in the county, and opened with great éclat, January 1, 1836, with a grand soirée dansante by mine host, Andrew Mann.
The Marshall House Company built in 1838 that, at the time, most elabo- rately finished and furnished caravansary, at a cost of thirty thousand dollars. It surpassed, at the time, any hotel in the State or northwest, and was a noted place of resort for years. From all parts of the State the Marshall House was the Whig headquarters, and the National that of the Democrats. They were also the rallying-points of the respective upper and lower villages, as long as the rivalry between the two.ends of the village continued. W. L. Merrifield was the first landlord of the Marshall. The National is now known as the Facey House, its name having been changed several years ago. The Marshall House is tenantless, and, though a gloomy-looking pile at present, has not lost all traces of its former grandeur. The heavy fluted pillars that form the supports of its balconies are fast rotting away, and the stone walls of the court give it a prison-like aspect, but its iron-corniced windows and large window-panes show the style of the old house to have been far in advance of its day in Marshall.
The Herndon House was built in 1856-57, by Hon. W. H. Brown and John Van Arman, and was opened by Moses Park, May 13, 1858. It was kept as a first-class hotel until September 24, 1875, when it was burned, while George W. Watson was keeping it. The walls have been repaired, and a new roof put on, but never refitted inside. At this fire there was a distressing loss of life and injury among the inmates, the particulars of which are given elsewhere.
The Forbes House, the Michigan Central railroad eating-house, was built by the company in 1860, and first kept by A. V. Pantlind, who was succeeded by W. H. Witt, under whose management it acquired the name of the " chicken-pie house," from a standard dish on the bill of fare of the same. Mr. Witt was suc- ceeded by Mr. Pantlind again, who now keeps the same in connection with eating- houses elsewhere on the Central road, and at Grand Rapids.
The Witt House was opened as a hotel in September, 1875, by the present popular caterer, who keeps a first-class house, and has a good name among that most critical and exacting class, the commercial travelers. Henry Witt, a brother
56
HISTORY OF CALHOUN COUNTY, MICHIGAN.
of the landlord, is the chief manager, and testifies, by his success in pleasing his guests, that he "knows how to keep a hotel." The building was originally erected for an opera hall, stores, and offices, by four gentlemen of Marshall, in 1867-68.
:
The Fowler House is what was once called the Mechanics' Hall, built in 1845, by the Mechanics' Association, and Dusberry and Brucer. Its present host is Jacob Lockwood. The old landlords, besides those already named, were Z. Tillot- son, who for a short time succeeded Camp in the Exchange; Vandenburg, who succeeded Tillotson. The following were in the Marshall House after Merrifield : John Stuart, Sargent & Dryer, Nat. Holman, John Hollon, Phelps (1843), P. Kane (1844), L. Kingsbury (1847), Smith & Robinson, and Davis, the latter being the last landlord in the house. In the National, Volney Alcott, Platner, Watrons, Phelps, and Acker held sway. Dr. Facey came into it about 1861, and changed its name to the Facey House, his widow now owning and keeping it. The landlords of the Herndon who succeeded Parke were W. P. Humphrey, George F. Davis, L. S. Luce, and Watson.
THE BUSINESS OF 1877-TRADE.
General Stock .- J. Cronin, Jr., Charles A. Dibble, William Martin.
Dry Goods .- H. M. & P. Hempstead, C. D. & E. G. Brewer, Phelps & Mur- phy, James Martin, H. E. Phelps, George Perritt.
Groceries, Crockery, Flour and Feed, etc .- J. M. Laberteaux, C. T. Cook, Mrs. James Donovan, Peter J. Higgins, Cronin Bros., Lemuel Bradley, J. & R. Butler, Wm. M. Bordwell, John Wiseman, Solomon McNames, A. B. Smith, Andrew Watson, William Bohanna, Kucher & Silsbe, H. G. Brooks, E. A. & F. C. Stuart.
Hardware .- I. S. Peters & Bros., S. J. Burpee, W. W. Smith & Co.
Clothing .- J. W. Fletcher, Frederick Karstaedt, L. Hecht & Co.
Drugs and Medicines, etc .- A. O. Hyde, A. D. Schuyler, William Elsson, B.
A. Gallup & Son (compounders of patent medicines), F. L. Henderson, Wm. B. Church.
Books and Stationery .- M. S. O'Keefe & Co.
Ladies' Furnishing Goods .- Mrs. S. A. Coles,-also extensively engaged in dressmaking,-Mrs. A. C. Wilson.
Millinery .- Miss L. Hughes, Mrs. Phebe Merrill.
Boots and Shoes .- J. M. Parsons, Nicholas Devereux, G. F. Kast & Co., Henry Klugman.
Jewelry, Silverware, Clocks and Watches, etc .- Gill & Watson, H. C. Hulett, A. H. Cathcart, C. Herbert Thompson.
Music Publishers and Dealers, and Musical Instruments .- J. S. White & Co., L. W. Brown.
Harnesses .- E. R. Mills, Nicholas Vogt, W. A. Waltz, D. Paddock, Jacob Sutler. The latter is a blind man, but works deftly with his needle and knife, and by his industry supports comfortably a large family.
Agricultural Implements .- D. B. Bordwell & Sons, Bosley & Cuykendall.
Produce .- Bosley & Raymond.
News-Room .- Mrs. A. C. Paris (at post-office).
Furniture .- G. S. Barrett & Co., J. F. Gaus & Co.
Merchant Tailors .- William R. McCall, James M. Gamwell, Dennis O'Connor, Thomas Callahan.
Tinware .- W. S. Wells, John J. Fahey.
Patent Solicitors and Model-Makers .- Otto L. Johnson, Welles Bros.
Notions and Wall Paper .- George W. Steele.
Bakeries .- L. S. Lanse & Co., Jona. Snyder.
Marble-Cutter .- A. W. Houghton.
Carriage-Trimmers .- Hunt Bros.
Gunsmith .- I. G. Evans.
Meat Markets .- Collins & Hertkorn, Cox & Hotchkiss, Louis Stein.
Hotels .- Witt House, W. H. Witt, proprietor; Fobes House and Michigan Central railroad eating-house, A. V. Pantlind, proprietor; Fowler House, Facey House, Exchange, National, and Marshall House.
Liveries .- Peck & Miller (omnibus and hack line), Charles A. Gardanier, Wil- liam H. Ward, William H. Johnson.
Michigan Central Railroad .- J. W. Nutting, station agent. Western Union Telegraph.
Post-Office .- S. J. Burpee, postmaster ; William R. Lewis, money-order clerk. Banks .- National bank of Michigan, William Powell, cashier; First National bank, George S. Wright, cashier; City National bank, S. V. R. Leiper, cashier.
Printing-Offices .- Morgan Bates (Statesman), Z. H. Denison (Expounder).
Newspaper Subscription Agency .- William R. Lewis, assistant postmaster, has been in the business ten years, and has a good line of clubs.
PROFESSIONS.
The bar of Marshall is given in the general history of the bar of the county.
Physicians, regular school .- Drs. J. H. Montgomery, H. L. Joy, J. F. Smiley, C. E. Luskam, E. L. Roberts, S. N. Coons, Mrs. S. A. Peterman. Homoeopathic .- W. B. Church. Eclectic .- H. A. Peterman, specialist and compounder of patent medicines.
Photographers .- S. B. Smith, J. E. Mast.
Portrait-Painter .- E. A. Turner.
Musical Composers and Teachers .- Professor C. N. Colwell (noted), William
M. Phelps (a genuine artist by natural gift. An enthusiast in his profession). Dentists .- C. H. Eggleston, William Woodruff, M. H. Snyder.
EDUCATION.
Since the first settlers came to the site of the city of Marshall in 1831, through- out its whole history of pioneer life and later development to the present, an air of intelligence, culture, and refinement has pervaded the community and been associated with its citizens as a class. The pioneers-and all who came to the village prior at least to 1838 can justly be so classed-came from the educated communities of New England and New York, and brought their institutions with them. Before there were a dozen children of suitable age to receive the instruc- tion of the schools, true to their instincts, the settlers, Sidney Ketchum and two or three others, summoned a Miss Brown, from Ann Arbor, to take charge of the few scholars, who were assembled in a loft for want of a better place, and the school ma'am was au fait accompli. In 1832 a school-house was built, which served for a church as well (one society having been formed in October, 1831, and another in May, 1832), and with a saw-mill, flouring-mill, and store, the foundation of a city was laid. Eliza Ketchum taught the first school in the school-house, which was built on Mansion street, near the present parsonage of the Presbyterian church, and is now standing, directly in the rear of its original location, and doing service as a stable. The school ma'am is dead. In this build- ing not only were schools taught and the gospel of salvation proclaimed according to the tenets of different denominations, but the blind goddess also held the scales of justice in equipoise, and dignified judges sat in solemn judgment on the foibles and follies of their fellows, while learned barristers plumed their fancies for rhetorical flights, and badgered witnesses to their hearts' delight. Here, too, assembled the people in their sovereignty, and invested their chosen ones with the dignity and responsibility of making and executing the laws for their govern- ment. In short, this pioneer school-house, the first in the county, was the gen- eral rallying-point for all public assemblies for several years until the Presbyterian session-house and court-house were built, when it was abandoned to its primal use. From the first agitation of the question of the removal of the capitol from Detroit, not only did the citizens of Marshall indulge the hope the same would be located in their village, but such location was also looked upon with favor elsewhere in the State.
In the apportionment of advantages, as canvassed by those in interest, Ann Arbor was to be assigned the university, Jackson the penitentiary, and to Mar- shall the capitol was assigned. And, in 1839, a bill to this effect passed the Senate by a vote of nine to six, but was defeated in the lower house. Roseate visions passed in review before the minds of the citizens; they builded castles of the most graceful proportions and airy elegance, above whose battlements imagina- tion pictured the sunniest skies, and bathed their spires with the most brilliant hues. And though these castles were of the gossamer of which dreams are woven, and were dissipated like the morning mist before the rising sun when the capitol was finally located in Lansing, in 1845, yet the results of this architectural display were by no means as unsubstantial as the cause which led to them. This expectation had gone abroad, and attracted to this cynosure of many eyes able men of all professions, who located and indulged in the same pleasing visions. But they did more than dream. Brilliant attorneys, able divines, and learned doctors, fresh from their alma maters, or rich with storied experience, came, bringing their culture, and a love for and a knowledge of the systems from which that culture had been gained. They found a foundation already laid in the little framed school-house and in the inclination of the people, and straightway they began to build the walls of the edifice that in this year of grace, a trifle more than forty years since their coming, shows its splendid capitals and pillared domes, resulting from the wisdom and work of two of Marshall's own sons, Rev. John D. Pierce and Hon. Isaac E. Crary. The high school of the Marshall of 1877 is the out- growth of the organic law of the Commonwealth, placed in the constitution thereof by Crary, as chairman of the committee on education in the first convention to clothe the "amonam peninsulam" with the powers of independent sovereignty, and Pierce was the adviser and counselor, and finally the public executor of the most wholesome law that had as yet, at that period, been incorporated in the constitution of any State in the American Union. From that time forward the
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