USA > Michigan > Calhoun County > History of Calhoun county, Michigan, With Illustrations descriptive of its scenery > Part 34
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GOGUAC LAKE.
Away back in the misty past, ere the pioneer settler had penetrated the wilds of the primitive forest, or had planted his home on the beautiful prairie, the lovely body of water called by the Indians Cogh-wa-giac, and by the first settlers Gogoguac, and now Goguac lake,-was known and cherished by the aborigine. Situated in a region unrivaled in the fertility of its soil and the beauty of its landscape, no wonder that the children of the forest selected it as a suitable spot to build their mound and to erect their wigwam. Traces yet remain, undefinable except to the eye of the antiquarian, perhaps, of an Indian mound, located in the sinuosity of the lake's border, directly west of Ward's island. Tradition has it that as early as 1833, Dorrance Williams, a pioneer whose memory is kept green by the number and peculiarities of the law-suits in which he was engaged, was seen one day by the watchful Indians desecrating their mound by digging therein with a spade, in order to gratify his curiosity as to its contents. The red- skins waxed exceeding wroth, and it must have been an imposing spectacle to behold the wrothy Indians haranguing the frightened desecrator in their flowery language. It was here, perhaps, that he was addressed by the dusky orator, who, as the poet says, spake,-
Edward Van De Mark
1866
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HISTORY OF CALHOUN COUNTY, MICHIGAN.
"Hos docet ore facilis natura diserto, Lingua grande loquens est idioma sua."
" With native eloquence their speech abounds, Untaught by figures grand, and lofty sound."
However this may be, it is an historical fact that Williams became so deeply im- pressed with the angry gestures (the language he didn't fully comprehend), that he dropped his spade, and for the space of " twelve moons" Goguac and its vicinity saw him no more. He went east, doubtless adapting the old aphorism to his in- dividual case, that the preservation of his top-knot was the first law of (his) nature.
Over the placid and beautiful water of the lake once glided the bark canoe, freighted with the noble red man, who amid the sea-like solitude watched his chance to spear the sportive bass, or catch the graceful pickerel. But the days of his glory have departed, and the hand of oblivion is stretched forth to close forever the gates that lead to the memory of his existence. With a long farewell to the sachem whose nod perchance was the law of his empire, and whose voice was the oracle of his people, we come down to our time, and view the doings of a people more enlightened than he, but perhaps less happy.
But a few years have elapsed since Goguac lake became a general pleasure resort for the people of Battle Creek and other cities within a radius of fifty miles or more,-since, in fact, the loveliness of the place became duly appreciated. Since the inauguration of fishing, picnic, and pleasure parties, and the establishment there of a hotel and a place for the enjoyment of terpsichorean exercises, Goguac has risen amazingly in the estimation of the seekers after genuine and unalloyed pleasure.
On the 1st of April, 1875, Mr. R. W. Surley commenced the erection of a hotel, which two months afterwards was thrown open to the public. It did good service until the morning of March 22, 1877, when it was totally destroyed by fire. On the 14th of May of the same year Mr. Surley began to rebuild, and on the 1st of June following a commodious hall, thirty-two by sixty-two feet, was appropriately opened by a dance and other festivities ; also a detached building, twenty-six by twenty-eight feet, and two stories high, which will be used as a residence for " mine host" and a general dining-room. In this building there will also be a few spare sleeping-apartments. Mr. Surley contemplates erect- ing a larger building for hotel purposes next season. The grounds around the lake are neatly laid off and supplied with croquet sets, elevated seats, boat-house, where can be obtained row-boats, single or for parties ; a stand for refreshments, lemonade and cigars, etc., is conducted by Mr. Surley himself, and is first-class in every particular. The groves on the borders of the lake are shady and of sur- passing loveliness, and are admirably adapted both by nature and art for picnics and quiet repose. The fishing is unsurpassed; while a boat-ride either in a skiff or in the elegant little steamer, " Lew Clark," is a rare pleasure. Having recently enjoyed a ride in her, we feel rhythmical, and perpetrate the following :
L-ew Clark,-little steamer on Goguac's fair lake,- E-ver tenderly cherished for fine trips she can make, W-e can always rely on ease, comfort, and care,- Convenience too,-and a sweet, balmy air. L-et us view all her beauties, inspect well her deck, A-nd her engine once view, neat and clean without speck. " R-ightful pleasure," her motto, she ne'er will discard ; K-ept all things in order, and no comforts debarred.
Another institution which is closely identified with Goguac lake is the
GOGUAC BOAT-CLUB,
which was organized July 24, 1873, and incorporated April 24, 1876. It has eighteen active members and a commodious boat-house on Ward's island, a con- venient body of land in the northern end of the lake. They own and man the following boats : ten-oar barge, " C. A. Ward," length fifty-two feet, beam fifty- five inches ; four-oar paper shell, " A. W. Field," length forty-one feet, beam seventeen and one-half inches ; four-oar paper shell, " Perhaps," length forty-three feet, beam twenty inches; double-scull, no name, length thirty-five feet, beam six- teen inches ; single-scull, no name, length twenty-nine feet, beam ten inches ; single-scull, no name, length twenty-nine feet, beam ten inches.
The club has a well-equipped gymnasium and club-room, in the Riley block, Battle Creek, in which the members meet for business and to practice in the winter season on a hydraulic arrangement, which gives all the motions of rowing and develops the muscular organization. The present officers of the club are: President, Dr. T. W. Robertson ; Vice-President, C. H. Hinman ; Secretary and Treasurer, W. H. Eldred ; Captain, C. W. Brown. The above, with H. H. Hubbard, E. Harbeck, and Scott Field, compose the board of managers required by the State law.
The boys have been successful in several contests of skill, notably in the north- western regatta, held at Toledo, Ohio, in 1874, in which they rowed against the
boat-clubs of that city, 6 vs. 10, and no allowance of time. They carried off the prize,-two statuettes and a silk pennant,-which, with other trophies, decorate their club-room.
As an evidence of the moral, material, and social progress and importance of Battle Creek, we may mention that it has six churches, denominationally classified as follows : one Methodist Episcopal, one Congregational and Presbyterian, one Baptist, one Episcopalian, one Baptist (colored), and one Catholic. The pulpits of these various denominations are generally filled with able and eloquent divines and preachers .*
Battle Creek has three banks and banking-houses. It has a large number of manufacturing establishments, of which Nichols, Shepard & Co., the Upton Manu- facturing Company, and the Battle Creek Machinery Company are among the most extensive. It has three large grist-mills, namely, those of J. M. Ward & Son, Thomas Hart, and Titus & Hicks. There are ten dry-goods stores, of which those doing the largest business are T. B. Skinner & Co's., Wakelee & Griswold's, Austin & Hoffmaster's, Stebbins & Coon's, and B. F. & H. T. Hinman's. There are fifteen groceries, the representative firms in this line being S. W. McCrea & Co., Leon & Jennings, J. A. Van Valkenburg, T. Wakelee, C. R. Thompson, Powell & Hodskin, J. C. Halladay & Co., and the Grange co-operative store. It supports four drug-stores, namely, those of Grandee & Hinman, E. L. Jones & Co., John Helmer, and Holton Bros. It has three jewelry establishments,-Os- good & Chapin, Galloup & Hollister, and A. W. Avery. There are six boot- and shoe-stores, of which J. M. Caldwell & Son, Neale Bros., J. R. Godsmark, and T. J. Hazard & Co. are the most extensive. Of hardware-stores there are two, namely, Brock & Peters and Wattles & Wood; and the same number of furniture- stores, those of Buck, Hoyt & Co. and Henry Gilbert. The ladies are supplied with millinery by fourteen establishments, those of Misses Hodges & Wells, Mrs. Baldwin, Clara S. Shepard, and Mattie Lewis being the largest. The gentle- men are called upon to patronize seven gent's furnishing-goods stores, of which J. M. Caldwell & Son and Parker & Helmer are representative firms; also six merchant tailors, of whom George C. Morrow, Henry Brown, and C. F. Zang are the principal ones. There are three stationery-stores, kept by F. E. Peasley, H. J. Johnson, and E. R. Smith, respectively. There are two photograph gal- leries, those of Theron Crispell and Spencer L. Miller. The " staff of life," and the concomitant luxuries of confectionery and ice cream, are supplied by C. B. Welsh & Co., J. H. Scott, and J. F. Gillman. Many of the above establishments occupy large and spacious edifices, and contain stocks of goods that will success- fully compete with any in the State, outside of Detroit.
The educational and literary institutions of the city are among the finest in the State. There is a graded high school which ranks among the first in Michigan, and occupies a building surpassed by none in this or neighboring counties. There are three secondary and primary schools. Here also is located the college of the Seventh-Day Adventists, together with a good commercial college. It has four ably-edited and well-conducted newspapers. It has a large number of secret and benevolent societies, among which might be mentioned one lodge of Free and Accepted Masons; one chapter and one council of Royal Arch Masons. It has one lodge and one encampment of the Independent Order of Odd-Fellows, one Rebekah Degree lodge of the same order; and one tribe of the Improved Order of Red Men. It has a lodge of the Independent Order of Knights Templar, a Ladies Library Association, a Hibernian Society, a well-organized Young Men's Christian Association, and other similar institutions too numerous to mention.
Among the prominent professional men of the city are Drs. E. Cox, S. S. French, J. H. Wattles, A. S. Johnson, M. W. Tomlinson, T. W. Buthrick, and T. W. Rob- ertson. The legal fraternity is largely represented, among its principal members being Dibble, Brown & Thomas, Myron H. Joy, Alward & Harris, N. H. Briggs, and others.
The location and business facilities of Battle Creek are not surpassed by any other town or city of like population (seventy-five hundred estimated) in the State, and the abundance, cheapness, and quality of its domestic market make it de- sirable as a manufacturing or retiring locality. It is gradually becoming a promi- nent railroad centre, being in direct communication with Chicago and all points intermediate and beyond on the west ; with Detroit and other points east; with Lansing and other important places northeast, and with South Bend, Valparaiso, and other points southwest. It is within easy communication, also, with the lakes, from any port-town on which steamers run regularly during navigation, touching at all the principal points on the entire chain.
Among the distinguished men who have made Battle Creek their place of resi- dence are Hon. Benjamin F. Graves, one of the judges of the supreme court ; Hon. Victory P. Collier, ex-State treasurer ; Hon. P. H. Emerson, supreme judge
* See history of the churches.
PHOTO. BY CRISPELL
HARVEY J. DUBOIS.
PHOTO. BY CRISPELL
PETER DUBOIS.
"OLD HOMESTEAD OF PETER DUBOIS. "
PROPERTY OF HARVEY J. DUBOIS, BATTLE CREEK TP, CALHOUN CO., MICH.
.
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HISTORY OF CALHOUN COUNTY, MICHIGAN.
of Utah Territory, and Hon. George Willard, who represented this (the third) district in the forty-third and forty-fourth Congress of the United States.
The salubrity of the climate and the plenitude of pure water render Battle Creek a peculiarly healthful place, while the large volume of running water fur- nished by the Kalamazoo river and Battle creek tends to make the place comfort- ably cool, besides supplying as fine a water-power as is found in the State. The industry and enterprise of the citizens have done all they could, if not to vie with, at least not to disparage, the many natural advantages of the place ; all and every- thing, in short, of man's handiwork, as exhibited in the number and variety of the manufacturing and business interests of the city, betokens the activity and ingenuity of a tasteful and richly-endowed class of people.
SECRET AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES .*
Battle Creek Lodge, No. 12, F. and A. M .- This lodge first worked under a dispensation granted on the 14th of April, 1846, in a back room of the office then occupied by Messrs. Campbell & Cox, and there matured the plans which caused the standard of the order to be planted in the place at that early day. The altar was first erected on the 22d of December following, in an unfinished room of a building which occupied the present site of Noble's block. The charter was granted on the 14th of January, 1847. Among the charter members of the lodge were Silas Cox, Colonel John Stuart, Chalett Cady, Warren Joy, Charles L. Bird, Thomas Dunton, G. P. Smith, Eli L. Stillson, William Hicks, Charles Bartlett, and Charles Mason. A portion of the money donated to pro- cure the dispensation was contributed by Brothers Sibley, Tillotson, Pratt, Kaer- stadt, and Ketchum, of Marshall. Of the eleven charter members only three survive, Brothers Bartlett and Mason. The first officers of the lodge were Charles Bartlett, W. M .; Charles Mason, S. W .; Silas Cox, J. W. The present officers are Brainard T. Skinner, W. M .; Michael Rainbow, S. W .; Miles Wil- letts, J. W.
Chapter No. 19 was chartered January 14, 1858. The officers elected at the first meeting were Leonidas D. Dibble, H. P .; Edward Cox, K .; Justin P. Averill, S. The present officers are Charles Austin, H. P .; Darwin D. Buck, K .; Marcus C. Shaffer, S.
Zahud Council, No. 9, was chartered January 14, 1861. The charter mem- bers and officers were Ebenezer Sprague, Beverly Beardsley, Justin P. Averill, Theron H. Tracy, William Brown. The present officers are A. B. Powell, T. I. M .; Darwin D. Buck, D. M .; Marcus C. Shaffer, T. C. of W.
All the above Masonic bodies are in a prosperous and flourishing condition.
Battle Creek Lodge, No. 29, I. O. O. F., was instituted under a dispensation, November 11, 1847, by Hon. Isaac E. Crary and Dr. Hahn, of Marshall, and worked under the same until January 20, 1848, when the grand lodge granted a charter, under which it worked successfully until January, 1857. For the space of nearly two years it ceased to work, but was again resuscitated October 12, 1859. Among the charter members at the institution of the lodge were L. H. Stewart, who was elected N. G .; Joseph Burnton, V. G .; G. B. Thayer, Sec'y ; Wm. Brooks, Treas. ; E. Cox, Warden ; and Eli L. Stillson, Con. The present officers of the lodge are as follows : Edwin Van Horn, N. G .; J. F. Miller, V. G. ; H. A. Culver, Sec'y ; Charles H. Crawford, Treas .; Wm. M. Russell, Per. Sec. The appointed officers are Geo. P. Burrows, Warden ; Thomas M. Taylor, Con. ; Wm. D. Parker, I. G. ; E. B. Russell, O. G .; J. M. Galloup, R. S. N. G .; Richard Mockmore, L. S. N. G .; William Adams, R. S. V. G ; H. Cooper, L. S. V. G .; Wallace Hoyt, R. S. S .; W. Pierce, L. S. S. The society now numbers one hundred members. The amount of aid rendered by it during the past year was two hundred dollars.
Sprague Encampment, No. 23, was instituted under a dispensation May 27, 1867, and chartered by the grand encampment January 15, 1868. The charter members were B. F. Fairchild, A. A. Whitney, A. E. Kocher, A. C. Culver, C. H. F. Kraft, George P. Burrall, Simeon S. French. The first officers were B. H. Fairchild, C. P .; Simeon S. French, H. P .; C. H. F. Kraft, S. The present officers are John F. Miller, C. P .; Charles H. Canfield, H. P .; Moses B. Russell, S. W .; Eli W. Flagg, J. W .; Wm. H. Bordine, S .; Thomas N. Taylor, T.
Friendship Lodge, No. 1, Degree of Rebekah, was organized March 11, 1869, with the following officers : B. F. Fairchild, N. G ; Mrs. Helen Bidwell, V. G .; Mrs. A. N. Cooper, S .; Mrs. Abbie R. Flagg, T .; Mrs. G. Lewis, P. S. The present officers are Eli W. Flagg, N. G .; Mrs. Libbie Flagg, V. G .; Mrs. Charles Grodevant, S. ; Mrs. S. P. Perkins, T .; Mrs. Abbie R. Flagg, P. S.
Moguago Tribe, No. 10, I. O. of R. M., was instituted through the efforts and encouragement of J. V. Johnson, P. S. of Sawba tribe, No. 9, of Charlotte, now editor of the Ingham county Democrat. A meeting was held at the law-
office of Dibble, Brown & Thomas, May 12, 1875, at which Frank W. Clapp presided and Charles S. Marr acted as secretary. It was decided to organize a tribe of the Improved Order of Red Men on the eve of the 20th, and the name of " Moguago" was selected in honor of old John Moguago, a Pottawatomie chief who lived on the reservation in the township of Athens. At this meeting the following gentlemen were elected chiefs of the new tribe : H. H. Brown, P .; Frank W. Clapp, S .; Wm. H. Bordine, S. S .; Chas. E. Barnes, J. S .; Chas. S. Moore, C. of R .; E. H. Perry, K. of W. Another informal meeting was held at the law-office of Joy & Clapp, May 10, and on May 20 Moguago tribe was instituted in the Patrons of Husbandry hall, by Chiefs Wm. H. Palmer, S. Mus- liner, and E. Hamilton, of Cayuga tribe, No. 6, of Jackson, assisted by Chief J. V. Johnson, a delegate from Sawba tribe, No. 9, of Charlotte. The tribe held its councils in the Patrons of Husbandry hall until January, 1876, when they removed to their present wigwam, on the third story of No. 4 East Main street, where the first council was held on the evening of January 17. The tribe now numbers fifty members, has a pleasant and commodious wigwam, and is in a prosperous condition. The council-fire is kindled on the " second sleep" of each " seven suns," at the seventh run" and " thirtieth breath." The following are the present chiefs : Charles S. Mason, P .; Monard Lafever, S .; W. W. Briggs, S. S .; James H. Gridley, J. S .; Charles Van Valin, C. of R .; A. M. Minty, K. of W.
Hesperian Lodge, No. 78, I. O. of G. T., was originally chartered January 30, 1860. After running for a number of years the interest in it began to wane, and in the fall of 1876 its members disbanded. In February, 1877, it was resusci- tated, and recommenced work under the old charter. The present officers are : J. F. Raynes, W. C. T .; Mrs. O. Harris, W. V. T .; J. B. Ellsworth, W. S .; Conrad Hulscher, W. F. S .; Thomas G. Iden, W. T .; William P. Milliman, W. M .; Miss C. Harris, W. I. G .; T. W. Case, W. O. G .; Mrs. A. A. Manchester, W. C .; Jesse Farrington, P. W. C. T. Present number of members in good standing, about two hundred.
The Young Men's Christian Association was originally organized February 17, 1867, and after existing a few years succumbed for the want of financial aid, and died a natural death. July 17, 1876, the present society was organized by the State agent, Mr. Weidensall, when the following officers were elected : President, E. Clapp ; Vice-President, L. A. Foote ; Secretary, Martin E. Brown ; Treasurer, O. W. Bailey. The original charter members other than the officers above named were William T. Skinner, D. Landreth, F. H. Latta, C. Hulscher, E. Shupe, and J. Miller. From an original membership of ten the society has steadily increased until it now numbers fifty-seven. Its present officers are : President, F. H. Latta ; Vice-President, L. A. Foote; Secretary, Martin E. Brown; Treasurer, O. W. Bailey. The association conduct mission services in the country school- houses, and hold street-preaching during the summer. During the past winter they conducted one of the best courses of lectures ever held in the city. They are perfectly non-sectarian, and are strictly a Christian layman's society banded together for effective work. They sustain a reading-room, and are engaged in a most worthy cause generally.
The Hibernian Benevolent Society was organized January 11, 1871. The first officers were : John Murphy, president; James Willis, vice-president ; James Dodd, secretary ; Michael Colvin, recording secretary ; John Hart, treasurer. The society meets on the fourth Sunday of each month at No. 4 East Main street. The present officers are : John Murphy, president; Patrick Brogan, vice-president ; John Dunn, secretary ; Michael Donnelly, treasurer. It has a membership of about twenty.
The Choral Union .- A society organized January 2, 1877, " for the purpose of improvement in the knowledge and practice of music," with a membership of one hundred and thirty, which has since been increased to upwards of two hun- dred. The first and present officers are : Hon. Charles Austin, president; M. H. Neale, vice-president ; B. T. Skinner, secretary and treasurer ; Prof. M. N. Cobb, musical director ; Mrs. C. A. Ward, pianist. The board of management con- sists of Messrs. William T. Neale, Charles Peters, E. T. Freeman, H. W. Herns, and Mesdames A. S. McAllaster, C. E. Bartlett, and F. G. Shepard.
The German Cornet Band was organized January 1, 1873, with a member- ship of six persons, and has now eleven pieces, as follows : Gustav Brucher, leader, E-flat cornet ; Julius Martin, E-flat clarionet ; Elijah M. Dailey, first B-flat cornet; Fred. A. Allwardt, second B-flat cornet; Conrad Hattendorf, first E-flat alto (trombone); William McDonald, second E-flat alto (trombone) ; Bruna A. Nisser, B-flat tenor (trombone); Wilhelm Burbach, B-flat baritone (trombone) ; Louis Schlund, E-flat basso; Edward R. Bartlett, tenor drum ; John K. Lothridge, basso drum.
MAPLE STREET.
Battle Creek is noted for the beauty of its streets and the general cleanliness
# Gleaned from an address delivered by Dr. A. T. Metcalf.
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HISTORY OF CALHOUN COUNTY, MICHIGAN.
of its thoroughfares. Among the most beautiful streets in Michigan Maple street holds a conspicuous position. The number and style of its private residences are the marvel of the casual visitor and the pride of the city. A notable feature about the houses is the diversity of architecture exhibited, for there are no two dwellings on the entire street that have any similarity to each other. This affords an absence of sameness that is both attractive and unique. Each place has a neatly-kept lawn and garden, some of which are stocked with rare shrubs and plants and decked with the choicest gifts of Flora's treasury, while all are supplied with shade-trees and other evidences of taste and comfort. Among the mansions particularly worthy of mention we observed those of Messrs. E. C. Nichols, J. M. Caldwell, David Shepard, John Nichols, J. M. Ward, C. Wakelee, V. P. Collier, T. B. Skinner, J. L. Whitcomb, and John F. Hinman.
While Maple street, as a whole, far exceeds any other in the city or county, yet there are in various parts of the city isolated residences that will compare favorably with the best of those on Maple. Among these might be mentioned those of Messrs. Leonidas D. Dibble, Erastus Hussey, A. C. Hamblin, A. Lewis Clark, Alonzo Noble, Henry H. Brown, W. W. Larmour, and many others.
A neat and ornamental place in the central part of the city is the
VINEYARD AND GARDEN
of A. C. Hamblin, in which he cultivates a variety of grapes, fruits, and vege- tables. The vines are set out in circles, around a natural mound, and present quite an attractive appearance.
The revenue of the city for 1876-77 was provided for as follows: by taxation on property, general city uses, $4630.26; streets and bridges, $2400.87 ; fire department, $1543.46; railroad aid, $17,796.47; schools, $22,789.30; total taxes, $49,160.36. Added to this amount is the amount received from the specific tax on liquor-selling, $2225, making the total revenue for the fiscal year now current, $51,385.36.
POPULATION.
In 1860 the population of the city of Battle Creek was returned by the census at 3508 souls, constituting 734 families, dwelling in 730 houses. In 1870 the population was returned at 5838 persons, constituting 1234 families, with a dwelling-house to each. 2854 of the individuals were males and 2984 females. In 1874 the assessors could not find so many people in the city by some 515 as the United States marshal reported in 1870, there being but 5323 persons, 2527 being males, and 2796 females. Of the males, 979 were over twenty-one years and under forty-five, the military age; 472 were over forty-five and under seventy- five, and 24 were over seventy-five but under ninety. 1206 of the ladies were of the marriageable age, as defined by the social statistician, between eighteen and forty years ; 605 had passed the latter age and were under seventy-five, while 25 were in the "sere and yellow leaf," beyond the three-quarter mark of the century. The married and the single formed the following opposing lines: 1121 . of the males over twenty-one were heads of families, or had been, while 312 had never been so blessed, or otherwise, as they might individually view the matter. 1147 ladies over eighteen years were, or had been, in allegiance to the sterner sex, and 463 of their sisters over the same age had never referred the questioner to the paternal ancestor, at least successfully.
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