History of Merrimack and Belknap counties, New Hampshire, Part 122

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton), ed
Publication date: 1885
Publisher: Philadelphia [Pa.] J. W. Lewis & co.
Number of Pages: 1520

USA > New Hampshire > Merrimack County > History of Merrimack and Belknap counties, New Hampshire > Part 122
USA > New Hampshire > Belknap County > History of Merrimack and Belknap counties, New Hampshire > Part 122

Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).

MARRIAGES BY REV. JEDEDIAIL TUCKER.

1700 .- Abiel Wood and Sarah Moulton, Benjamin Prescott and Sally Cate, Benjamin Hall and Lydia Chesley.

1791 .- William Moulton and Judith Ladd, Samuel Crossman and Lois Chamberlain, Caleb M. Sanhorn and Judith Ingalls, Nathaniel Greely and Dorothy Smith, Christopher Rowell and Merriam Lovering.

1792 .- John Rawlings and Sarah Sargent, James Thomson and Anna Bennett, James Rawlings and Sarah Palmer, John Sargent and Polly Sanborn, Daniel Smith and Mary Winslow.

1793 .- Enoch Moore and Judah Moniton.

1794 .- Samuel Jacobs and Abigail Sanborn, Jonas Ames and Jemima Stevens.

1795 .- Edward Knight and Betsy Worth, William Horn and Susannah Worth, Willard Fifield and Rebecca Drew, Trueworthy Palmer and Love Perkins, Daniel Lowell and Betsy Tilton.

1796 .- Jeremiah Bennett and Alice Currier, Simeon Cass and Nancy Flanders, Joshua Ingalls and Sukey Sleeper.

1797 .- James Ware and Polly Ladd, Jonathan Rawlings and Judith Palmer, Daniel Moulton and Merriam Taylor, Pearl Kimball and Dolly Eastman, John Carter and Mary Busell, James Thompson and Sally Smith, John Thompson and Lois Palmer, Josiah Bachelder and Polly Blake, Abiel Eastman and Sally Thompson.

1798 .- John Randlet and Rose Rogers, John L. French and Sally Clough, Samuel Clough and Rhoda Carr, Thomas Bachelder and Marthn Tilton, Jonathan Sanborn and Dolly Winslow, John Boulton and Betsy Tilton, Isaac Smith and Nelly Bolton, Asa Kimball and Polly Gibson, Joshua French and Rachel Sargent.

1799, -Chase Hilliard and Hannah Sanborn, William Bennett and Olive Mirick, Elisha Buswell and Abigail Perkins, Charles Sargent and

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HISTORY OF MERRIMACK COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

Sally Osgood, Joseph Baker and Anaa Bachelder, William Brown and Huldah Bachelder, Dudley Chase and Sukey Bachelder, Nathaniel Ingalla and Polly Haines, George Paverly and Sally Sherhora, Isaiah Dow and Anoa Osborn, Benjamin Thompson and Eunice Sargent, Joshna Seavey and Nancy Stevens, John Briar and Berthia Garland, Winthrop Bagley" aad Sally Bayley, Joha Morrill and Naacy Yell, Love French and Hitty Maxfield, William Longee and Peggy Cate, William Bussell aad Eliza- beth Rawlings, Joshua Fletcher and Betsey Chase, Isaiah Chase and Nabby Bachelder, Harvey Blaisdell and Anna Winslow, Thomas Brown and Sukey Emery.

1800,- Reuben French and Ruth Maxfield, Samuel Neal and Ilitty Perkins, Nicholas Smith and Sally Berry, John Carr and Sally Brown, John Ladd and Lydia Sanborn, Thomas Sargeat and Polly French, Stephen Hall and Naacy Lougee, Josiah James and Sarah Tiltoa, Samuel Mndgett and Mary Morrill, Jonathan C. Beau and Judith Thompson, JohnLeavitt and Polly Emery, Valentine Hill and Polly Thompson, Na- thaniel Morrill and Hannah Roweil.

1801,-Nathan Bachelder and Naacy Rollins, Byley Lyford and Lois Lyford, Heury Tebbetts and Polly Back, Lemnel Hill and Betsey Drew, Benjamin Fifield and Sally Bachelder, Mathias Haines aad Polly Fnr- nald, Benjamin Brown and Peggy Beck, Chandler Glines and Betsey Davis, Abrahaar Bachelder and Hannah Kelley, Jeremiah Clifford and Nancy Rollias.

1802 .- Levi French and Betsey Clough, John B. Blake and Polly Max- field, Jacob Carter and Betsey French, David Iagalis and Sally Furaald, Charles Glidden and Ruthy Hall, Jonathan Worth and Eliza Taylor, Charles Cate and Dolly Bachelder, William Sanbora and Peggy Crosa, Peter Wadleigh and Alice Smith, Levi Chase and Snkey Clough, Benja- min Wells and Ahia Moore, John Glinea and Sukey McDaniels.

1803 .- Daniel Perkins and Hannah Davis, Josiah Sargent aad Hannah Smith, Josiah Bachelder and Dolly Sargent, Caleb Gilman and Judith Harvey, Samuel Hainasand Hannah Bachelder, Benjamin Thompson and Abigail Rollias, Stephen Gala and Abigail Dimond, Jonathan Greely and Hannah Bachelder, Jacob Gerriah and Sally Ames, Samuel Odiorne and Comfort Tasker, Benjamin Palmer and Polly Jacobs, Thomas Hol- den and Elenor Willey, Daniel Jones and Sophia Parkinson, Daniel Blanchard and Ester Parkinson, Joseph;Greely and Nancy Wells, Samuel Moor and Rachael Briar, Samuel Perkins and Sally Beauett, David Foster and Sally Dearborn, David Bachelder and Hitty Lang, Samuel Currier and Sally Blas.

1804 .- John Clark and Polly Currier, Samuel French and Sukey Til- ton, Charles Back and Sally Sargent, Joshua Wallard and Polly Lang- maid, John Peverly and Betsey Sanbora, Samuel Elliot aad Ennice Sar- gent, Stephen Hobbs and Lydia Perkins.

1805 .- Joseph Thomas and Polly Osgood, Joshua Thompson and Fannie Bachelder, Richard Palmer and Susanaah Perkins, Daniel Hoit and Sally Flanders, Shadrach Cate and Rebecca Chamberlia, Benjamin Rowell and Merriam Clifford, John Philbrick and Nancy Avery, Aaron Stevens and Sally Glines, Joseph Hoit aud Betsy Buswell, James Ingalls and Louisa Wheeler, Josiah Emery and Betsey Osgood, William Munsey and Jemima Bartoa.

1806 .- Samnel Follinshee and Kitty Clifford, John Hill and Rachel Haiaes, Theodora Ring and Betsy Blake, Nathaniel Greeley and Sally Holden, John Avery and Hannah Eaton, James Bachelder and Polly Wheeler, David Harvey and Nancy Thompson, William Tenney and Peggy Flanders, Ebenezer Bean and Deborah Dow, Josiah James and Deborah Goss.

1807 .- Benjamin Munsey and Sally Haines, John Moore and Cathia- rine Blaisdell, James Maxfield and Hannah Bachelder, Dodavah Bunker and Mary Bachelder, William Berry and Abigail Brown, Charles Fur- mall and Statira Ayers, Samuel Elliott and Judith ( 'hamberlin, Jona- than Morsa and Thaodate Emery, Joshua Berry and Polly Bacheldler, Phineas Danforth aad Nabby Grant.

1808 .- Anthony Sherman and Sally Piper, Benjamia Jones and Sophia Gleason, Phineas Weeks and Lydia Rogers, Moaes Kimball and Cynthia Eastman, Jonathan Cate and Charlotte Blanchard, Samuel Carter and Rachel French.

1809 .- Timothy French and Polly Towle, Pand Twombly and Sally Weeks, Daniel Colby and sally Bachelder, James Osgood and Sally Bachelder, Ebenezer Parker and Abigail Fernald, Panl Winkley and Abigail Rollios, Thomas Marstin and Polly Rowell, Mosea Morrill and Eleaner Osgood, Zebulon Winslow and Patience Brown, Jacob Bachel- der and Dorothy Garland, William Jackman and Debby Osgood, Tino- thy Hilliard and Anna Sleeper, Gideon Ladd and Polly Osgood, Samuel Morrill and Sally French.

1810 .- Levi Brown and Polly Morse, Jonathan Hutchinson and Su- sinnah Kennay, Nathaniel Flanders and Polly French, Joshua Sargent

and Betsy Freuch, Enoch Gerrish and Ruth Clongh, Joaiah Drake and Nancy C. Wiaslow, Jeremiah Emery and Lydia Morse, Joseph Bachelder and Sukey Tilton.

1811 .- David Rollina and Lydia Stevena, Timothy Mireck and Judith Wells, Thomas Potter and Spaannah Tilton, Stephen Wella aad Eliza Tiltoa, Bennett Ackerman and Eunice Ring, David Sargent and Polly Page, Abraham Bean and Sally Clough.

1812 .- Lewis Flanders aad Betsy Piper, John Emery and Abigail Os- hora, John Cummings and Mary Lovering, Reuben Lovering and Betsy Bachelder, Theophilus Norris and Rheda Dimond, John Sargent and Betsy Brown, Isaac Virgin and Susannah Bachelder, Timothy Brown and Dorothy Bachelder, Lavi Swain and Rachel Beanett,

1813 .- Philip Brown and Sally Trne, Nathaniel Sherburne and Jane Piper, Alexander Bragg and Sally Eaton, John Merrill and Hannah Os- born, Thomas Hackett and Sarah Lovering, Timothy Tilton and Snaan- aah Osgood, Richard Brown and Mehitable S. Rollina, Joshua Dwinell and Comfort Dnrgin, Bradley Shackford and Betay Barter, Daniel J. Smith and Joanna French, Johnson Lovering and Mary Ruord, John Longee and Lucy Wells, Ambrose Starbird and Eunice Berry.

1814 .- Benjamin Wiaslaw and Betsy French, Theodore Ring and Betsy Maxfield, Philip Brown and Anna Wedgwood, Jewett Sanhorn and Judith Bachelder, Joseph Tasker and Polly Quint, Jessa Sanborn and Charlotte Bachelder, John Messer and Sally Stevena, Manly Bachel- der and Nancy Gleason, Jonathan Bachelder and Lois Wells.

1815 .- Jeremiah Towle and Susannah Maxfield, Phjaeas Healy and Polly Barter, Nathan Clough aad Hannah Kenney, Osgood Ring and Sally Brown, John Moore and Betsey Holman, Peter French and Lydia Starbird, Ephraim ITuse and Sally Runoells.

The foregoing were all married by the Rev. Jede- diah Tucker, from 1790 to 1815, amounting to two hundred and thirty-two marriages.

Schools .- The town voted to raise for schooling, in the year 1776, ten pounds, lawful money. From 1776 to 1779 the school money was used for war purposes. In 1779, " Voted to raise two hundred pounds for schooling." In 1781, " Voted to hire a school-master for six months, and voted to raise five thousand dol- lars for schooling." In 1782 no money was raised. In 1786 it was " Voted to raise forty pounds for schools." Also " Voted to build four school-houses by a Parish rate to be paid in specie, and that said houses shall stand, one about half-way between the pound and Mr. Caleb Pillsbury's ; the second to stand at the mouth of Esq. Sias' mill-road ; the third to stand at the mouth of Bear Hill road ; the fourth to stand uear Isaac Pills- bury's house." These divisions were known as classes. It was also " Voted that the four classes have the privilege of sending scholars from one class to another upon town money." For a number of years the town voted sixty pounds annually for schooling. In 1792 one of the school-houses was burned, and the parish voted to build a new one, and for the selectmen to build it at vendue.

In the year 1796 " Voted two hundred dollars for schooling." About 1780, Timothy Gleason came to this country from Scotland, he being of Irish descent, and followed the occupation of school-teaching. It seems that he taught the four classes in town for a number of years. He was a most excellent penman, and was employed by the selectmen to make the record of taxes and town proceedings, and for a century no person has equaled him in skill, clear- ness and beauty in this fine art. Mr. Philip Brown taught school for a number of years after Mr. Glea- son ; also Dr. Benjamin Kelley, of Gilmanton, Henry

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Jackson, John Bachelder and others. In 1809 the town " Voted to number the school districts. The easterly class to be No. 1 ; the class near Moses Ord- way's to be No. 2; the new south district to be No. 3; the class near Samuel Piper's to be No. 4; the Timothy French class to be No. 5 ; the class near John Moore's to be No. 6; Thomas Moore's to be No. 7; Elliot Carr's to be No. 8." Amount of money raised this year for schooling, five hundred and thirty-two dollars.

In the year 1810 a school-house tax of $56.23 was raised in No. 1 for repairs ; also in No. 2, $52.41 was raised for the same purpose. The school money con- tinued to be more each year, until at the present time the selectmen raise and pay to the different school dis- tricts about fourteen hundred dollars. School-teachers formerly were males. It was the custom for young men to attend school until they were twenty-four and twenty-five years of age, and it was not uncommon in some of the largest districts for as many as ten or fifteen of this class of scholars to attend school, the teacher having no laws or regulations to aid but his own. The labors of all such were heavy, requiring men of strength and power to meet the emergencies required. Those who followed the business soon became tyrants to an extent in their school dutics, and often made them irritable and vexations in other duties. The school laws of our State are an- cient as they now exist. The school-district system is the same as nearly a hundred years ago. At dif- ferent times efforts have been made to revise and change them in some of their aspects, but nothing has been effected until the present year.

Intoxicating drinks .- The custom of drinking liquor was in practice for many years, and was common. The records state several instances where rum was fur- nished by the selectmen upon different occasions. At the raising of the meeting-house a barrel of rum was bought, and paid for by the selectmen. The selectmen also paid for the rum used when bridges were built. Con- stables advertised that at the sale of land for taxes each sale would be followed by a drink of flip or toddy. It was considered as one of the important things in settling the township, to set out an orchard of apple-trees, which soon produced fruit bountifully. The chief use of them was to make cider. Almost every farm had its cider-mill, and large quantities of it were made and placed in the cellars, to be drank. Not unfrequently fifty barrels, and sometimes more, were made in a single year. The custom of using liquor was so general that it was not regarded as among the bad habits indulged in. Ministers drank it, and the old decanter was placed upon the table whenever they visited their parishioners. Fast days, Thanksgiving days, the birth of children and the visits of relatives were some of the great occasions when it was used, and often to excess. It is said that the Rev. Mr. Tucker, by this habit, lost his usefulness as a min- ister, and that it was one of the causes of his leaving the ministry in town.

In the year 1795 a law was enacted requiring any person that sold liquor to obtain a license from the selectmen of the town. In this year Jonathan C. Per- kins, Enoch and Abner Wood, Philip Brown, Nathan- iel Bachelder, Jr., and Nathaniel Rollins were licensed. In 1797, Samuel Piper, Daniel Lowell and Wm. Stev- ens werelicensed. In 1800, J. Bachelder, Wm. Stevens, J. Dearhorn, Moses Rollins, Philip Brown, David East- man, Nathaniel Hill, William Brown, Daniel Lowell, Benjamin Kelly and Stephen Perkins were licensed. In 1801, Joseph Dearborn, Jethro Bachelder, Samnel Piper, Philip Brown, Samuel Osgood, Enoch Wood, Brown & Ladd and Daniel Lowell were licensed. In 1803, Philip Brown, Timothy Barnard, Samuel Osgood, David Eastman, Moses Chamberlin, Samuel Piper, John Ladd, Moses Flanders and Samuel Elliott were licensed. In 1805, Philip Brown, Samuel Osgood, David Eastman, Levi Dearborn, Daniel Lowell, Enoch Wood, Samuel Wales, Samuel Elliott and Gould Di- mond were licensed to sell at their dwelling-houses by the one-half pint and gill. Several of these men were licensed as inn-holders, or taverners, for the pur- pose of putting up and providing food and all the accommodations for the large teams which were em- ployed in drawing goods and groceries from Ports- mouth and Newburyport to towns north as far as Laconia. Large teams of oxen, as well as horses, were used in the transportation, and the amount thus drawn was large.

As early as the year 1777 the parish took some action in relation to the use of liquor. At a parish- meeting, held to vote for five persons as members of the council, the following resolution was passed :

" Resolved, That no person be allowed a seat in the council or assembly who shall, by himself or any other person for him, before said choice, treat with Liquor any Elector with the apparent view of gaining their vote, or afterwards on that account. Elected Mr. Samuel Chamberlin as Representative of said Parish for one year, and he is to vote for dele- gates to the Continental Congress."

It is generally conceded that the use of alcoholic drink as a beverage has decreased since the organi- zation of the township, in 1773.

Carriages and Customs. - The introduction of carriages with wheels was of a more recent date. At first journeys were made on horseback. A family of four could comfortably ride in this manner, the hus- band and father sitting in the saddle, with the wife upon a pillion behind, carrying a child in her arms, while the father took one before him in front of the saddle. The wife maintained her position by holding with one arm the body of her husband. Horseback- riding was the custom in practice by all who owned a horse. Women in 1700 rode with skill and grace, and were more healthy and robust than at the present time. Horse-blocks were placed at public places for the purpose of mounting the horse. In front of the meeting-house one was made of a large log, hewed square, and elevated sufficiently so that one could mount with ease. At the White School-House, which was used largely for meetings on the Sabbath, there

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HISTORY OF MERRIMACK COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

was a large stone placed at the southeasterly corner of the house, which was known and used as a horse- block. The first vehicle used for riding was seen on the old Canterbury road, and consisted of two poles fastened to the saddle or girt of the horse, while the large ends dragged upon the ground, and were fast- ened together by a cross-piece, upon which a seat was fastened for those who rode. Sleighs were made and used in the winter, and were of wood principally, heavy and cumbrous to the horse, and affording but little style to the rider.

The first chaise used in Loudon was bought in Newburyport, Mass., by Mr. Enoch Wood. It is re- lated, in regard to this chaise, that upon its first appearance on the Sabbath, as Mr. Wood and his family rode to the meeting-house, the people came out and gazed with astonishment as it was driven up to the door. Afterwards Mr. William Tilton and Mr. Stephen Wells each bought and used one, and in a few years they became quite common. Their cost was nearly two hundred dollars each. Carriages with four wheels soon afterwards came into use, they being made without springs, with the body setting directly upon the axle. The seat was movable, and was so arranged upon wooden springs that the force of the jolt of the rough ways and roads was somewhat modi- fied to the rider. A great improvement was made in the use of a leather thorough brace, as it was called, and a still greater, when the steel elliptic spring was invented and became general upon nearly all car- riages. Cart-wheels were made largely of wood, the rinns or felloes being wide and heavy, and at first with no iron or tire. Later, strip or streaked tire was used. This was wide iron cut into strips and spiked upon the outside of the rim. It was claimed that tire thus used was more durable than when used whole.

Other implements used in farming have greatly im- proved, while some have become obsolete ; new and better inventions have taken their place. Mr. Elkins Moore, of Loudon Ridge, was a plow-maker ; also Oliver W. Morrill and Mr. James Osgood. These men built wood plows, with the plow-share of iron. The mould- board was worked out from a tree with a winding or twisting grain in order to give the furrow taken and cut a right turn. Cast-iron plows have been in use for nearly fifty years, and have superseded the wood- plow entirely. Like every invention, the cast-iron plow had its opposers, who thought it would prove worthless from the great liability to break. Shovels have been changed from wood with an iron edge to cast-steel ; hoes from iron with a steel edge to all steel. Forks of all kinds have changed in the form and material from which they were formerly made. Mowing-machines take the place of the hand-scythe, and horse-rakes have taken the place of the old hand- rake.

Buildings .- The old proprietors, when settling in town, built, generally, very large, two-storied, double dwelling-houses; and, in most instances, upon the

top of some eminence or high hill, and then made a way or road to the same, so that the old highways were mostly very hard and hilly. Many of these large houses were built at the close of the year 1790, and up to 1800. 'It was a very popular, as well as a fashionable idea, to build a large house, and if the expense was too heavy, a two-story half-house, as they were called, was built first, and the other half added whenever able. There are now standing about thirty of these ancient and honorable landmarks. These large houses required a large amount of lum- ber to finish them, while the timber in the frames is very large and heavy. Most of them had but one chimney, which was in the centre, resting upon a strong foundation of stone-work beneath, which was often ten feet square at the base. The old-fashioned barns were built long and narrow, with two floors, and were cold and inconvenient to both the farmer and his cattle. No cellars were ever built, and probably were never thought of. Mr. Joseph B. Sanborn has recently built, at a great expense, the most thorough and best constructed barn now in town, and it is a marked contrast to those of 1700.

About the year 1820 the stove in the meeting- house was purchased, and was the first one ever used iu the town. This stove remained in the town- house and was in use until the winter of 1884-a period of over sixty years. There was no way of warming this large house for thirty years previous, upon any occasion or in any weather, save a small box or foot-stove, as it was called, which was about seven by eight inches, and was made of tin, and in- closed in a wood frame, with a bail or handle for carrying, and inside was placed a basin which was filled with hot coals from the fire. This utensil was used more especially to give warmth to the feet, and was used chiefly by the women. Cooking-stoves were introduced several years later. There was at first a strong feeling against the use of them, and it required much effort and persuasion to induce a per- son to buy one. The kind first in use was called the "Moore Cooking-Stove." After several years the prejudice existing against their use subsided, and they gradually came into use.

All cooking had previously been done over the fire-place and in the large brick oven. A change took place in both the manner and kind of food used. Indian corn and rye, which had been chiefly used for bread, were used in less quantities, and wheat became more common. Potatoes were but seldom used, and but few were raised. The large families of children were fed largely upon the old-fashioned dish of bean porridge, which was both palatable and healthy. The olden-time utensils in use were the heavy iron pots and kettles and the long-handled frying-pau, in which pancakes and flap-jacks were fried. Much skill and labor was practiced in frying for a large family of children. These cakes were made of rye meal which had been bolted or sifted, and made

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into a thin batter and poured into the pan until the bottom was well covered, when it was placed over the fire and well shaken to prevent burning. When ready to turn, a smart shake and a toss did the busi- ness without taking the pan from the fire, and the skill consisted in tossing over the crane while being turned.

Cloth and its Manufacture .- In connection with the subject of food and the different methods of raising and preparing the same for use, may prop- erly be mentioned the mode of manufacturing cloth and some other of the most necessary articles which were used and especially needed. Wool and flax were the chief resources from which the people made all kinds of cloth. Wool was raised by the farmer, and it was carded and spun by the housewife, and wove in a hand-loom, colored and made ready for use by the same person. Cotton was used but very little, the cost of goods manufactured from it being so great that but few purchased it when first introduced. A calico dress was a fashionable fit-out for any woman, and was prized nearly as high as silk. Articles of bedding, table linen and clothing were made from flax, every farmer sowing the seed and raising his required amount. The process of getting the linen from the raw material was one requiring much care and hard labor. After the process of rotting it, certain men used to make it their business in the winter sea- son to go from place to place and work the flax into tow and linen, ready to be spun. Most of the farmers had in their barn an apartment, or room, called the flax-room, and in it were placed the flax, break, swingle-block and flax-comb. The process was ex- tremely dusty and disagreeable to the person engaged in it. The article called tow was the coarser part of the material, and was spun upon the large wheel, while the linen was that part saved by combing thoroughly upon the flax-comb, and was spun upon thesmall wheel and made into thread, table-cloths and other articles which were necessary. It was not un- common for women to spend the afternoon in visit- ing each other, carrying their small wheel with them, and, while talking, spin a quantity of linen for some family use. These linen wheels are now but seldom seen ; if one is found, it is preserved as a curiosity and a relic of "ye olden time."

Boots and shoes were made by hand also, and from stock which required a year at least to properly tan the same. It was called a good day's work for one to make a pair of shoes, and it took two days to make a good pair of boots. In almost every neighborhood some one made and mended boots and shoes, which was, of course, his trade. In the easterly part of the town Newell Sanborn was the shoemaker; in the other parts were Samuel Haynes, William Rines, Daniel Blaisdell, Deacon Tilton, with some others who were the shoemakers of the town.

The Town Constable was an officer of great im- portance. His duties consisted in collecting the

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History of Merrimack and Belknap counties, New Hampshire, Part 122

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton), ed Publication date: 1885 Publisher: Philadelphia [Pa.] J. W. Lewis & co. Number of Pages: 1520

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton), ed
Publication date: 1885
Publisher: Philadelphia [Pa.] J. W. Lewis & co.
Number of Pages: 1520