History of Merrimack and Belknap counties, New Hampshire, Part 43

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton), ed
Publication date: 1885
Publisher: Philadelphia [Pa.] J. W. Lewis & co.
Number of Pages: 1520


USA > New Hampshire > Merrimack County > History of Merrimack and Belknap counties, New Hampshire > Part 43
USA > New Hampshire > Belknap County > History of Merrimack and Belknap counties, New Hampshire > Part 43


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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From action taken in regard to the discharge of the bond given by the fifteen who obligated themselves to build the saw-mill, the evidence is conclusive that the mill had been erected.


" Voted that the bonds of the men, which have built the saw mill be delivered & to lay out the bunds for building said mill according to vote as by record."


It was the pioneer mill of this section of the Mer- rimack Valley. The saw-mills of that period were such as any carpenter might construct. This mill had no "nigger" wheel to move the "carriage" back after the saw had passed through the log; that labor was done by a man treading upon the cogs of the "ratchet-wheel,"-labor exceedingly fatiguing. For many years it was the only saw-mill in the town, and several of the houses now standing on King Street are covered with boards which were sawn in this first mill.


The First Fort .- It was voted that a fort should be erected at the expense of the proprietors, the in- closure to be one hundred feet square, built of hewn logs, seven feet high and eight inches thick when hewn, " to be built three feet above the logs with such stuff as shall be agreed upon by the committee."


From this record it may be inferred that there was an upper work,-a chevaux-de-frise of pointed, pro- jecting timbers, designed to prevent the enemy from climbing over the wooden walls, which undoubtedly were loop-holed for the use of musketry.


It was voted to locate the fortification on the " school lot." The probabilities are that it was erected a few feet south of that lot, near the spot upon which the first framed house was subsequently erected by Rev. Robie Morrill.


It being found that the inclosure was not large enough to accommodate the entire community, another fortification was erected during the winter. No record has been preserved in regard to the dimen- sions of this garrison, but it probably was somewhat smaller, and designed as a retreat for the settlers on Queen Street in case of sudden surprise.


Through the years of trouble with the Indians these garrisons served to protect the resolute men who, during the most exciting times, when other fron- tier settlements were abandoned, never thought of yielding the ground to the foe.


The first attack of the Indians upon Contoocook was made about 1744, though the exact date is un- known. Josiah Bishop, who was at work in his field at the lower end of King Street, was surprised by a party of Indians. They took him into the woods, probably up the rocky hill west of the lower end of


King Street. He made an outcry, and quite likely preferred death to captivity. As was subsequently learned from the Indians, he resisted bravely, and they dispatched him with their tomahawks. The capture naturally threw the settlement into com- motion ; but the citizens having located their homes, determined to defend them. The summer was one of great anxiety. The families took refuge in the gar- risons, while sentinels were ever on the watch while the citizens were at work.


The chief item of interest in the call for the annual meeting of the proprietors in 1752 was the erection of a second fort. The meeting was held May 20th, and the following vote was passed :


" Voted to raise £200 old tenor te be laid ont in building a garrison or fort & to be built forthwith and to be set ou Sammuel Gerrish's lot which was originally laid out unto Richard Greenough, said fort to be one hun- dred & ten feet Square or otherwise as the committee shall Judge, allow- ing said building to cover the land."


This second fort was erected on the hill. Messrs. Stephen Gerrish, Jacob Flanders and Richard Jack- man were placed in charge of the work. It is prob- ahle that this fortification stood on the site of the smaller fort, erected during the previous troubles.


We have not been able (says Mr. Coffin) to ascer- tain what citizens of Contoocook enlisted in the war against the French and Indians. It is not likely that their names would be found on the proprietors' rec- ords. It is known that Philip Flanders was killed at Crown Point. He was a ranger in Major Rogers' company. He was the son of Jacob Flanders, one of the first settlers, and lived at the south end of Water Street. He was brother of Deacon Jesse Flanders, who was in one or more of the campaigns against the French and Indians.


Andrew Bohonon, one of the first settlers of Con- toocook, also served in one or more campaigns. He was brother-in-law of Philip and Jesse Flanders, having married their sister, Tabitha.


The First Town-Meeting .- The first town-meeting was called by the proprietors' clerk, Joseph Coffin.


" This may inform the Free holders & other inhabitants of the plan- tation, formerly called Contoocook, Is now by his excellency Benning Weutwerth, Esq., Governor, &c., Ju & over His Majesty's Province of New Hampshire made and Incorporated and Invested with Town privileges and the nominees thereof is by Ilis Excellency's People called Boscawen, the said Freeholders and Inhabitants are hereby notified to meet at the Meeting-House in said Town on the third Wednesday In June at Nine of the clock, before noon, to choose a town clerk, assessors and all ether Town officers for the year ensuing as the Law Directs. By order of His Excellency.


" April 30, 1760."


" JOSEPH COFFIN.


June 18th, at the meeting thus called, Joseph Coffin was chosen moderator, George Jackman, Jr., town clerk; John Webster, Ensign John Fowler and Captain Joseph Eastman, selectmen and assessors; Benjamin Eastman, constable; Andrew Bohonon, surveyor of highways; and Deacon George Jackman and Moses Burbank, fence-viewers.


It was voted that the selectmen furnish a town pound.


171


BOSCAWEN.


The First School .- At the first annual meeting after the organization of the town an appropriation of thirty pounds was made for a school, to be kept two months. The teacher employed was Mr. Varney, who had preached for a short time after the death of Rev. Mr. Stevens. He was the first teacher employed in the town. If a school was taught prior to this date, it was a private affair. Probably none was taught, and the instruction received by the children was given by their parents. The hardships had been too great, and the country too much disturbed by the frequent Indian alarms and the marchings to and from Ticonderoga and Crown Point, to admit of any organized effort in educational matters. It is gratify- ing to know that almost the first appropriation of the town was for public instruction. It was a significant indication of its future prosperity.


The first action in law, in which the town was a party, occurred in 1765. At the regular town-meet- ing, which was held on this day, besides choosing officers, a committee was appointed-George Jack- man, Jr., and Thomas Carter-"to answer to the action commenced by Major Samuel Gerrish against said proprietors, also for any other suits that may be brought." What the question in dispute may have been does not appear.


In Rev. Mr. Price's history it is stated that George Jackman, Jr., was appointed justice of the peace in 1760, by His Majesty's authority, George II. We have not been able to verify the statement. George III. was now on the throne, and from the petition given below, it would seem that George Jackman re- ceived his appointment under George III., in 1766 :


" To His Excellency, Benning Wentworth, &c. :


" Whereas the Towo of Boscawen, in said Province, has, ever since its first settlement, been destitute of a commissioned Justice of the peace, sach an office being ofteo needed (more especially since our Late favor- able Incorporation by your excellency), we tbe subscribers and Inhabit- acts of said town pray your excellency to commissionate Mr. George Jackman, junior, of said Town, to be justice of the Peace, he having de- served well for several years Last past in the acceptable discharge of public Trust to him committed and your petitioners will ever pray for the granting of their prayer.


" Boscawee, January 20, 1766 :


" Ezra Carter. Thomas Corser.


Joha Fowler. Ephm Woodbury.


Thomas Carter. Jesse Flanders.


John Webster. Stephen Call.


Jobo Flanders. Moses Foster petiticos,


William Emery. the' not au Inhabitaot


John Corser. of Boscawen."


ITEMS FROM THIE SELECTMEN'S ACCOUNT-1766.


" Paid to the selectmen for perambulating the line between Boa- £ s. d.


cawen and Almabury [Warner]. 04 0


paid Nathan Corser for wolf's head .. 0 4 0


Paid Capt. Eastman for entertainment for the council at Mr. Morrill's Dismission 1 40


Paid Mr. Thomas Foss the Sum of Savin shilling for his Sarvice toward Laying out highwaya & perambulating between Bos- cawed & hopkinton .. .07 0


Paid mr. William Jerome for preaching two Days .28 0


paid Capt. fowler to expense of town in the house ( Mr. Fowler's) 3 0 0 at another time paid him for two bowls of punch 1 8 0 at another bowl of punch for the Justice 0 14 0 paid Capt. fowler for entertaining Rev4 mr. ware after preach- ing . 200


paid him for keeping mr. morrill's horse some time .4 0 0


also paid Capt. Fowler for entertaining Som of the Committee


that ware chosen to appoint a place for a meeting-house . . 6 0 0 Remaining on his Book not settled Savrill person's Rates who


call themselves churchmeo, the whole of the money being . 6 9 0


ITEM FROM CONSTABLE THOMAS CARTER'S ACCOUNT.


£ a. d.


"Credit to wargiog moses Danford's wife out of Town & reture- ing ye warrant . 7 9 3"


Population in 1767 .- A census of the province was taken during the year,-the first, so far as is known. The population of Boscawen is thus given :


Unmarried meo between sixteen and sixty 17


Married mec 45


Boys under sixteen 77


Men sixty and above 8


Females unmarried 83


Females married 52


Widowe . 3


Male slaves 0


Female slaves 0


Total . 285


Other towns in the vicinity-population :


Coacord 752


Salisbury 210


Canterbury 503


Dunbarton 271


New Boston 296


Hillsborough 64


Cadaao 19


Plymouth


227


Newport .


29


Haverhill


172


The First Physician .- During the year Dr. Daniel Peterson took up his residence in Boscawen-the first resident physician in the town. He built the house now standing-the first building north of the academy, on the Plain.


The growth of the State and the development of northern section indicated that sooner or later the capital would be moved from Exeter to some more central locality. The matter was strongly agitated during the year 1802-3. Pembroke, Concord, Bos- cawen, aud quite likely other towns, took measures toward securing it. The citizens of Boscawen took hold of the subject zealously, as the following docu- ment shows :


"We, the subscribers, promise to pay the sums set against our names for the purpose of erecting a house for the Legislature of New Hamp- shire, to be placed on Buscawen plain, in the Senter, as near aa the ground will admitt of, between Cel. Joseph Gerrish and Mr. Somershy Pearson, by a committee that shall hereafter be appointed to compleat the said house, provided the General Court of New Hampshire shall en- gage to hold their sessione io said Buscawen in seved or teu years, as witness our baod,


" December the 26th, 1803.


172


HISTORY OF MERRIMACK COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE.


" Josepb Gerrish


. $100


William Gill


50


Isaack Chandler


75


Benj Hills .


20


Caleb Putney


200


Saml. Garven


50


Dennison Bowers 100


Joel French


50


Nath1 Green


100


Winthrop Carter 25


Nathan Carter 150


Humphrey Webster


25


Somersby Pearson 100


Thos Carter


10


Tho" Gilmore


50


George Perkins .


10


Joseph H. Morrill


30


Charles Eastman


10


Jeremiah Morrill


20


Joseph Atkinson


15


John Gill


25


Enoch Danford


10


Jona Hutchinson


25


Henry Gerrish


50


Simeon Danforth


5


Silas Rolfe . 10


Wm G. Emerson


10


Benj. Rolfe, Jr


20


Enoch Gerrish, Jr.


10


Muses Manuel


5


Joshua Morse


10


Samuel Burbank


10


Joshua Carlton


10


Samuel Uran .


3


Timothy Dix


50


Josiahı Burbank


3


Saml. Peterson


5


John Flanders, Jr.


4


James Uran . .


10


David Burbank .


2


John S. Abbott .


20


"We, a part of the above Subscribers, do hereby engage to pay the above sums annexed to our names in case the Gen! Conrt should adjourn to this place for one session only.


" Henry Gerrish.


Benj. Rolfe, Jr.


Caleb Putney.


Jolın Gill.


Joseph Il. Morrill


Nathan Carter.


Jeremiah Morrill.


Joshua Carter."


Benj. Hills.


The public whipping-post stood near Gilmore's tavern. The only instance of a public whipping of an offender occurred in 1809.


CHAPTER II.


BOSCAWEN-(Continued).


MILITARY HISTORY.


The Heroes of Four Wars-The French and Indian War-The War of the Revolution-War of 1812-War of the Rebellion.


IN 1744, at the outbreak of the French War, Richard Flood served the provincial government in some capacity in the expedition to Canada. It is not known that he went as a soldier. The only rec- ord of his service is a notice of his petition for aid from the government, in the records of the provin- cial committee, for service rendered in the expedition to Canada.


The same year Philip Call served as a scont in Captain Jeremiah Clough's company, from January 21st to March 18th, receiving two pounds ten shil- lings. Captain Clough lived in Canterbury, and was a leading citizen of that town.


Captain John Clough commanded a company in Penacook at the same time, of which Nathaniel Rix was a soldier.


In 1746, Captain John Goffe, of Bedford, com- manded a company of scouts, in which Joseph East- man, Jr., Deacon Jesse Flanders, his brother, John Flanders, Jr., and William Corser served as privates thirty-seven days, having been called ont by the attacks of the Indians on Penacook and Contoocook,


killing Thomas Cook and capturing Cæsar, Rev. Mr. Stevens' negro.


Later in the season Captain Ladd arrived with a company, in which Philip Flanders, Joseph Eastman and Jacob Flanders enlisted. In this company was Robert Rogers, afterwards the celebrated ranger.


At the same time Philip Call was doing duty in Captain Clough's company, being ont one hundred and fifty-four days, receiving £8 138. 3d.


In 1747, Captain Clough, of Canterbury, was out from the 5th of January to the 12th of November. Philip Call and John Manuel served under him, re- ceiving £16 10s. 10d., besides provisions and ammuni- tion. Upon the return of this company, Captain Ebenezer Eastman, of Concord, began a winter cam- paign, being out with his company from November 14, 1747, to May 9, 1748. Rev. Phineas Stevens served as a private. In all probability he preached on Sunday to the soldiers in camp.


In 1748, Captain Goffe was scouting the frontier with a company in which William Corser served as a private. At the same time, Captain Moses Foster, of Suncook, was ranging the frontier with a company, of which Rev. Mr. Whittemore, minister of Pembroke, was lieutenant. Ezekiel Flanders, killed in 1756 at Newfound Lake, by the Indians, served in this com- pany one month, from June 6th to July 7th.


Peace having been made between England and France, there was no further need of military service till 1754, when the Indians again began their depre- dations, killing William Stinson, and taking John Stark and Eastman prisoners on Baker's River, cap- turing the Meloon family of Salisbury, and killing Mrs. Philip Call and Timothy Cook, in Stevenstown.


Military service was no longer confined to the Merrimack Valley,-the theatre of war was transferred to the Upper Hudson and the lakes. Colonel Blanchard commanded a regiment, in which Benjamin Eastman, of Boscawen, enlisted under Captain John Goffe, serving from April 24th to October 23d.


One company was commanded by Captain Thomas Tash, of Durham, in which John Corser enlisted. . Captain Joseph Eastman commanded another com- pany, in which Winthrop Carter, Moses Manuel, Samuel Manuel, Joseph Eastman, Andrew Bohonnon, William Jackman and John Fowler served.


Another regiment was commanded by Colonel Nathaniel Folsom. Upon the muster-roll is the name of Nathaniel Meloon, son of the first settler of that name in Contoocook.


In the Crown Point expedition John Fowler, Joel Manuel and Joseph Eastman served, under Captain John Goffe.


In 1758, Daniel Shepherd and Philip Flanders served in Captain Ladd's company, Colonel Hart's regiment, sent to Crown Point. Nathaniel Meloon served in Captain Todd's company.


In Rev. Mr. Price's history, it is stated that Philip Flanders was killed at Crown Point in 1756, which is


173


BOSCAWEN.


manifestly an error, his name appearing on the muster-roll from April 24th to November 1, 1758, on which day he probably was killed.


There is no record to show the military organiza- tion in the town from the close of the French War, in 1760, to the beginning of the Revolution, in 1775. The law required all able-bodied men, between six- teen and sixty, to be enrolled in the train-bands. A town containing thirty-two men liable to do military duty could have a military organization of its own. There being more than that number of soldiers in the town, it had a "train-band."


War of the Revolution .- The news of the attack of the British at Lexington reached Boscawen on the 20th, and on the 21st sixteen men were on the march under Captain Henry Gerrish. They were,-


Henry Gerrish, captain ; Silas Call, lieutenant ; Winthrop Carter, sergeant ; Samuel Fowler, Esq., Edmund Chadwick, John Flanders, John Stephens, Nathaniel Burbank, Samuel Jackman, David Flanders, Charles Greenfield, Peter Roswell Stevens, Israel Shepard, Isaac Davis, Edward Gerald, Nathaniel Atkinson.


We may think of them as assembling at Fowler's tavern, at the lower end of King Street, with their guns and powder-horns, and possibly, here and there, a citizen carried a knapsack. They fill their canteens with rum at Mr. Fowler's bar, and take a parting drink with their neighbors. We see them crossing "Town-honse Brook," and hear the tramp of their marching as they pass over Contoocook bridge.


The news must have reached town on the morning of the 20th. Captain Peter Coffin saddled his borse and started for Exeter, where we find him on the 21st, in consultation with sixty-eight other delegates-"to consult what measures shall be thought most expe- dient to take iu this alarming crisis."


At a meeting of the town the following votes were passed :


" Voted to bny one barrel of Gunpowder, one hundred weight of lead and one hundred flints.


" Voted that Capt. Stephen Ocrrish buy the stores at as reasonable price as may be, for the use of the town.


" l'oted to adhere strictly to advice of the Continental Congress."


A committee was appointed "to see if the afore- said laws of Congress be obeyed."


The Committee of Safety consisted of Benjamin Jackman, Joseph Atkinson, Ebenezer Hidden, John Elliot, Captain Henry Gerrish, Lieutenant Moses Call, George Jackman and Ensign Peter Kimball.


March 14th a committee was appointed to procure a preacher, and was instructed to apply to Mr. Levi Frisby


Twenty-five pounds was voted for school purposes, and it was also voted to employ Mr. Morrill (Mr. Robie Morrill) as teacher.


Twenty pounds was voted for preaching.


THE ASSOCIATION TEST .- Every citizen of Bos- cawen, with one exception, signed what was known as the Association Test. From this document, we have the name of every male adult in town in the


spring of 1776, not including those who were doing military service,-


"Joseph Hoyt, Moses Call, Moses Morss, Jesse Flanders, Moses Bur- bank, John Flanders, Daniel Noyes, Daniel Clark, Benja. Day, Nathau Corser, Joseph Atkinson, Robis Morrill, Moses Burbank, Jr., Thomas Gardner, Samuel Atkinson, Jeremiah Hidden, Caleb Merrill, Daniel Pe- terson, Benjamin Conch, Jacoli Flanders, John Knowlton, Eben Ilidden, Henry Gerrish, Daniel Shepard, Isaac Pearson, Winthrop Carter, Sam- nel Davis, Benja, Rolfe, Ezekiel Flanders, John Elliot, Jr., Thomas El- liot, John Muzay, John Jackman, James Garies [Gerald?], Enos Flan- ders, Jedediah Danford, Jesse Flanders, Jr., William Danford, Jr., Samuel Corser, Stephen Gerrish, Samuel Burbank, Moses Jackman, Enoch Gerrish, John Morrill, Silas Call, Joseph Gerrish, Mich1 Sargent, Thomas Bedel, Simeon Jackman, William Welch, Moses Call, David Burbank, Simeon Atkinson, Timothy Eastman, Joseph Pearson, Joseph Flanders, Friend Little, John Corser, Edmund Chadwick, Moses Morse, Jr., Moses Mannel, Samuel Jackman, Daniel Richards, David Corser, Asa Corser, John Corser, Edward Garies [Gerald ?], John Manuel, Bitfield Plnmer, David Carter, Nathaniel Gookin, John Stevens, Samuel Ames, Thomas Corser, Jonathan Atkinson, Samuel Clifford, Peter Kimball, John Hale, Robert Elliot, James French, Sam1 Danford, Benjamin Jackman, Juseph Muzzy, Samuel Muzzy, Isaac Noyes, Peter Roswell Stevens, William Danford, Nicholas Elliot, Captain Stephen Gerrish, Nathaniel Atkinson, Enoch Little, Nathan Davis, Joseph Bean, Joho Fowler, Joha Ileley, Peter Coffin, Oliver Fowler, John Bowley, John Bowley, Jr., John Corser, Jr., George Jackman, Samnel Agaton, John Uran, George Jackman, Jr., Cutting Noyes, Joha Elliot, Joseph East- man,-total, one hnudred and eight.


"To the honorable Council and House of Representatives for the Col- ony of New Hampshire, or Committee of Safety. This may certify that the within Declaration have Been offered to the Inhabitants of Boscawen and unanimously signed, excepting one (viz.),-Aaron Flanders Refused to sign the same.


" GEOROR JACKMAN, "CUTTING NOYES, Selectmen. " JOHN ELLIOT,


" June 3, 1776."


It is probable that Mr. Flanders' refusal to sign was not from any hostility to the case of liberty, nor from fear of consequences, but from his temperament as an individual. He was a person who found pleas- ure in being on the side opposite the majority, no matter what the question. It is not known that his fellow-citizens abated their confidence in his loyalty from his refusal to sign this declaration of indepen- dence.


March 29th the citizens deliberated on the state of the country, and passed the following patriotic votes :


"That Capt Stephen Gerrish, Capt Peter Kimball, Samuel Fowler Esq, Lieut Benj Jackman, Mr John Flanders, & George Jackman Esq, be a committee to propose a plan and lay before the Town for procuring the men to go into the service of the United States of America agreealsle to Order of Court."


" Voted, That the war for time past & for future be maintained by & tax on the Inhabitants in the same manner as the Law directs for Prov- ince Tax, allowing a man no more for four months' service on his credit in the Southern army than for three months in the Northern army and so in proportion."


" Voted, To give fifty dollars as & bounty or hire from this Town to ench man who shall engage to go into the service of this Town for three years."


" Voted, That the sel ectmen provide the money to pay the men who shall enlist."


April 25th the citizens again assembled to take measures to push on the war, --


" Voted, To carry on the war by a tax in equal proportion, on the in- habitants according to interest la the same manner as for their towo tax."


A committee was appointed, consisting of George


174


HISTORY OF MERRIMACK COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE.


Jackman, Captain Peter Kimball, John Elliot, Lieu- tenant Enoch Gerrish, Mr. John Flanders, Samuel Muzzy, Captain Samuel Atkinson and Isaac Pearson, " to enquire into the state of service already done in the war, and make a just and equitable estimate of each Term that has been done and make report."


DIARY OF CAPT. HENRY GERRISH.


"Fryday 21 April, 1775.


"Set ont for Cambridge with Lient. Call, Sargent Carter, Esq. Fow- ler, Edmund Chadwick, John Flanders, John Stavens, Nathaniel Bur- bank, Samuel Jackman, David Flanders, Charles Greenfield, Peter Ros- wall Stevana, Israel Shepard, Isaac Davis, Edward Gerald, & arrived at Cambridge on Sunday & all tarried till Tuesday, & then Esq. Fowler sat .out for homa ; on Wednesday Lieut. Call, Winthrop Carter & Nathaniel Atkinson set ont for home [Nathaniel Atkinson and probably other sol- diers had joined the company between Friday and Wedoesday] & there joined our company on Wensday morning William Forrest, Timothy Foss, Jeremiah Gibson, Aaron Sargeant, John Been, John Rains, Abra- ham Fyfield, Joseph Loverin, Moses Welsh."


These last were probably citizens of Salisbury.


Some of the Boscawen soldiers, in common with those of other towns, soon returned home, while others hastened to Cambridge to fill their places. Those from Boscawen enlisted in Captain Joshua Abbott's company, Colonel Stark's regiment. Cap- tain Abbott was a citizen of Concord, well-known to the Boscawen men. He had served in the French War, and was a brave and gallant officer. Samuel Atkinson was elected lieutenant, and Samuel Corser and Nathan Davis corporals. They had all confi- dence in their colonel, John Stark, who had seen hard service in the last war against the French and Indians.


ROLL OF HONOR AT BUNKER HILL .- Those en- gaged in the battle of Bunker Hill from Boscawen were,-


Officers .- Liantanant Samuel Atkinson, Lieutenant Moses Call, Cor- poral Sammal Coraer, Corporal Nathan Davis.


Privates .- David Burbank, Nathaniel Burbank, Moses Burbank, Jr., John Bowley, Edmund Chadwick, William Corsar, Asa Corser, Isaac Davis, Joshua Danforth, John Eliot, Julin Flanders, David Flanders, Deacon Jesse Flanders.




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