USA > New Hampshire > Strafford County > History of Rockingham and Strafford counties, New Hampshire : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men > Part 187
USA > New Hampshire > Rockingham County > History of Rockingham and Strafford counties, New Hampshire : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men > Part 187
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" By order of the Lt Governor & Councill. " WM REDFORD : Deputy Sec'ty."
The apprehensions of further violence were unhap- pily realized. Not all of the body who attacked Oyster River returned immediately. While one por- tion under Toxus, a Norridgewock, went westward, a smaller party crossed the Pascataqua and killed Ursula Cutt (widow of the President Cutt) and three others, haymakers. That day Col. Richard Wal- dron had promised to dine with her, but the arrival of friends prevented it. While at dinner in his own house he beard of her death.
In July, 1695, two men were killed at Exeter. On the 7th of May, 1696, John Church was killed and scalped at Cochecho. Various persons were killed at Portsmouth on the 26th of June, and the recapture of Breakfast Hill, in Rye, took place the next day, of
which an account is here unnecessary. On the 26th of July the people of Dover were waylaid and fired upon as they were returning home from meeting. Nicholas Otis, Mary Downs, and Mary Jones were killed; Richard Otis, Anthony Lowden, and Expe- rience Heard were wounded ; John Tucker, Nicholas Otis, Jr., and Judith Ricker were captured. As these persons all appear to have lived between Waldron's Garrison and Garrison Hill, it is probable that the attack was between the upper falls and the brow of the hill before reaching Otis's Garrison.
Of affairs at Exeter, of the killing of Maj. Frost at Kittery, of the threatened invasion by sea, our pur- pose forbids minute accounts. Dover soil was no more molested during that war, and the war itself soon ended.
The peace of Ryswick, concluded in Europe, Sept. 20, 1697, forced the French Governor Frontenac to withdraw his protection and assistance from the In- dians, as France and England were no longer at war. He advised the Indians, therefore, to bury the hatchet, and peace was concluded at Casco, Jan. 9, 1699. Among other promises, it was agreed that cap- tives should be returned. Some, indeed, had, in 1695, been ransomed. Among these were John Keyser and John Key, Jr., of Cochecho; Elizabeth Smart and Cisca Brackett, of Oyster River. Others in the hands of the French at that time, memorials of the fate of Cochecho in 1689, and Oyster River in 1694, were Abi- gail Willey, Judy Willey, Elizabeth Willey, John Skyly, Sarah White, and Samuel Rand (a boy), of Oyster River; Grizel Otis, Christina Otis, John Otis (a boy), Rose Otis (a gir}), Stephen Otis (inhabitants of the ill-fated Otis Garrison), John Anthony (a boy), and Obadiah Phebe, of Cochecho ; and Joseph Perkins (a boy), Abigail Curlin, Lydia Langley (a girl), Mary Swarten, Abigail Brackett, Elizabeth Squir, John Per- sons (a boy), Roland Young (a boy), Ruth Persons, Mary Sayward, Esther Sayward, and H. Short (a boy), of Dover, butof unknown locality. How many of these ever returned it is impossible to tell. Christina Otis returned ; Rose, her sister, did also, and married John Pinkham ; John Otis probably remained in Canada ; Stephen Otis certainly did; so did their mother-in- law, Grizel, who married there. Others doubtless did also, and so were finally lost to their friends.
CHAPTER CXV.
DOVER .- (Continued.)
Tax-payers in 1733 .- The town had early made grants or sales of lands to settlers, according to the powers of towns which owned the unoccupied lands within its limits. In 1733 the town made a final dis- posal of such as it did not wish to retain for public uses, retaining such as the " Landing" below the falls
798
HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
of the Cochecho. The following list, occasioned by this final distribution, shows the names of tax-payers in that year, and in some measure their relative prop- erty interest :
Whereas M' John Cerney, Sam1 Cearl, James Nnte, John Tasker, John Hayes, John Horn, Capt Thos Wallingford, Jeremiah Rawlings, and John Winget were Chosen a Committee at a Publick Town Meet- ing holden at the Meeting-House at Cochecho in Dover the 27 of Feb"y 1732-3
To Consider of some proper Methods to be taken to Dispose of the Common Lands within the Town of Dover to the Inhabitants of said Town, and to propose the Method or Methods which they should agree upon to the Town in Publick Town Meeting for the Towns acceptance, if the should see fit, which service the above sd Committe did accordingly per- form, and likewise made Report thereof to the Town . in a Publick Town Meeting holden at the Meeting House at Cochecho in Dover on the 4th Day of June 1733, at which Meeting the Town did Vote that the Proporteoning of the Common Lands in said Town, amongst the Inhabetants thereof, as it was performed and offer'd to the Town by said Committe, should be good and Valid.
Which Proportioning was as follows, viz. That all those men whose names are mentioned in the first List which is next Recorded should have a full share in ye Division of the above said Commons, viz.
Ye Estate of Cap" Benja Wint-
Benja Weymonth. .. 265
worth
172
John Hall. 95
John Ricker. 209
Meturin Ricker .. 207
W'm Stiles. 287
Jeremiah Rawlings 417 Thos Downs. 171
John Roberts ... 182
Benja Mason .. 403
James Clements
Thos Nock. 20
Zach Nock. 46
Kichd Hammock.
To ye Estate of Jos. Ham
18
Eben' Downs.
165 . Jos. Varney
311
Sam! Jones. 346
Benja Ham.
Jos. Riker.
Lt Love Roberts.
Derry Pitminn
315
Ensg John Tibbits. 117
Benja Twombly
John Roberts Jur 273
Thos Layton 208
Thon Hall.
51
Jos. Twombly Jur 285
The Men whose Names are mentioned in the Second List which is next Recorded were appointed it to have two thirds of a full Share in ye Division of Common Lands in Dover by ye Committe Choosen for the Pro- portioning of the Same.
Mr William Tompson. 173
Ww Ellis ....
327
Daniel Mishaivy Jur 231
James Hukkins 258 Sanı' Alle .. 23
Edwd Ellis 407
Banja Ilall. 296
Eph Wintworth 60 Ralph Hall 349
Isaac Watson. 47
Jos. Pirkins. 244
To ye Estate of Ww Hayes. 138
Tobias Hanson Jur. 409
Zach Elgerly
92
Jos. Hanson Jur 69
Daniel Feild
145
John Ileard. 211
Jos Chesley
288
W'm Horn Jur. 392 Robt Evans Jur 345
94 Sam! Young. 136
32
John Varney
270
Epb 11.im
Mark Giles. 240
Stephen Varney 1×9
21
John Church 302
Israel llodgdon jnr 26
John Waldron Jur
39
Stephen Otis, 152
Wm Twombly Jr
137
Jos. Ester ..
John Clements
339
Saml Wintworth .. 59
Epl Ricker. 146
Sam! Rendal
114
Moses Tibbits
159
John Pirkins
329 Daniel Goodin.
115
Sam' Wille Jnr. 17 Benja Stanton
John Young. 248 Mr George Ricker.
Wm Downs 394
216
Edwd Evens.
38
Thus Wille ..
344
13 Le Jos. Jones 341
81
Maturen Ricker Ju 317
Richd Wintworth
232
Thos Hoin. 147
Tho" Drew 419
Thus Ash. 259
Elear [Eben]] Wire 298
1
Capt John Waldron. 214
60
Joseph Jenkins 134
Capt Robert Evens.
128
Ensr Istael Hodydon. 90
164
Lt Trist Heard
14
Jacob Allen. 286
26
Sam' Austin 367
Job Clements
129
Jus Tibluts 338
Richd Pinkham
John Pinkhan 3-
Joshua Roberts.
66
James Nute.
John Layton 169
27
Benja Ansten
Jeremiah Tibbits.
381
L' John Winget.
:40
John Feild. 166
Daniel Titcom. 203 Sam' Cenney, jur.
364
Capt Tho" Tibbits
103 325
Sam' Davis ... 142
150 | John Bickford 423
Moses Winget 133
Eph Tibbilty.
163
John Davis 68
Jos. Daniel. 271
Eli Demerrit Jnr 2-
404
John Starbord 361
Ichabod Hayes 262
Wm Twombly. 98
Jona Young. 118
.Jos, Evens. 418
Nat Hanson 196
ye Estate of Benje Evens. 104
John Cook
Eliar Young 388
Peter Hayes. 314
Daniel Ilorn.
331
Howard Henderson 415
34 John Tibbits. Nath' Anstin 121
John Hayes,
10 62
Thos Roberts Jur 151
Nat! Roberts .. 269
Thos Roberts .. 354
Capt Panl Wintworth Esqr 49
416 Ye Revd Mr Jame Pike ... 35
Jos. Austin
Eph Tibbits ... 82
Collo Time Gerrish, Esqr .. 96
Richd Waldron, Esqr. 332
Jos. Cenney 30
The Revd MT Jona Cnshing 106
Mr Gershon Downs .... 264
Eli Demerrit.
283
Jos. Hanson .. 31
Sam! Chesley 109
Sam1 Beard 386
212
Lt John Horn
Sol- Pinkbam 218
James Pinkhanı 305
Henry Tillits. 391 Eben Garland 421
John Bampton 200 Sam Stagpole. 143
W'm Horn 186
Wm Fost. 355
153
John Cromwell 58
Elisha Clark
John Mason 71
Nath' Pirkins 53
Joshua Pirkins.
Richd Cenney 396
Jos. Hall. 130
15
Saml Hayes. 36
424
Jos. Hussey 277
Natl Lumas.
Henry Tibbits Jur. 19-
Benja Wintworth 370
Tobias Hanson. 44
Nat Young
633 Sam' Nute
347
Jabez Garland
Daniel Misharvey 160
Saml Starbord 420
Thos Tuttle. 276
Richd Scammon 225
Capt Thos Millit.
141
L' James Davis.
261
158 W'm Dam.
4
Ichabod Tibbits. 297
29- Tho" Hobbs. 414
Clement Drew
36
Philip Yraton Wm Wjutworth 48
175
Otis Pinkham 111
351
James Clark 30]
[p. 215] Mr William Hill Jnr Timo Moses ..
253
Mr John Bickford jn". 11
Jos. Hick
Thos Bickford.
16
Edwd Evens jnr
John Demerrit.
372
Sam? Heard.
Abraham Nute.
84 Wm Weimoth je 251
Zach Pitman.
226
Tımº Robinson. 291
Capt Sam! Tibbitts. 335
Mr Sanı Cearl 102
Edwd Whithouse 25
John Tasker. 405
Nicholas Harford
Thos Cenney. 379
Lt Jos Robberts.
Joshua Cromwell 275
Thos Whithouse. 41
Gershom Wentworth. 192
John Cenney ... 238
Sam' Willee. 97
Ww Weymoth 208
156
Jos. Roberts Jur
Ye Estate of John Hamon 188
279
John Horn 241
Anos Pinkham 247
Eben' Varney
Abraham Clark 263
John Bussel Jun 3
James Hobbs. 323
Francis Pitinan 108
James Guppy
303
John Huckins
Benja Ilanson.
287
Sam' Tibbits Jur
119
Stephen Roberts.
362
Solv. Perkins, 93
129
Jos Rankings. 267
James Cenney ..
John Drew 183
John Pearl ...
Mr David Watson .. 385
Lt Thoª Davis 310
Thos Drew Jur
Tin Tibbitts 356
Edwd Tıbbity, 204
Moses Varney
260
John Giles. 229
Capt Trist Coffin 101
John Twombly. 374
Eben" Tuttle.
Micael Emerson 309
123 John Layton Jur
John Tuttle
Jolın Ham Jur
312
Jos. Hall 348
7
John Evens. 352
Ebeur Varney Jur
Thos Hamon ..
283
Paul Giles. 252
Ebenr Wintworth
Ezek Wintworth
402
The Estate ot Sam' Cromwel .. 322 The Estate of Benje Varney ... 206
Richd Ilussey 113
John Bnssell. 398
124
James Jleard 181
John Hall, Jur
Sam' Cenney
James Hanson.
Thos Pinkbam ..
The Men whose Names are Mentioned in the Third List which is now Recorded were appointed to have one third part of a full Share ... the Division of Common Lands in Dover by the Comitte Choosen for ye Proportioning of the Same
Job llussey
131
Peter Cook
112
Sam' Downs. 320
289
Capt Thos Wallingford. 293
205
37
Mr Silvanus Nock 29
Eph Wintworth 272
Thos Tibbits 330
Wu Demerrit 69
Jus. Daniel Jur. 365
Benja Hayes.
Collo Paul Gerrish, E-qr .. 413
Sam Roberts 281
24 Philip Stagpole. 328
799
DOVER.
Mr Sam Dam ..
83
James Tuttle 380
James Wellmet
170
John Feild Jur. 122
Maul llanson 79
John Gerrish. 215
Wm Hanson .. 357
Benje Hanson Jur 282 W'm Bussel. 30
Jos Jackson 126 Benja Peirce Jur. 52
Dudley Watson ...
Wm Whitehouse.
373
Sam1 Heard Jur 349 3.3
Jos. Conner
James Chesley.
22
Nehemiah Kimball. 300
Ezra Kimball
Nath1 Varney 411
Timo Hanson 378 Thos Horn Jur 400
89 Spencer Wintworth
12 John Hayes Jur
Edwd Allen 120 299 Sam' Allen. 190 John Tilints Jur
Richd Waldrou 242
John Horn Jur. 157 Wm Jones ..
Thoª Varney. 384 Ebenr Roberts 387
John Carter 376 Thos Stevens 227
Ichabod Horn 197
Daniel Clements 246
Jos. Peirce 408
Thom Mason. 67 Eben" Nock 127
Jos. Harford 148 Sam1 Nock 100 Mr Jos. Tibbits Inr 995 Benja Peirce. 922
Benja Roberts. 144
Gerson Downs Jur 116
Paul Roberts 99 Ww Brackstone 220 45 Thos Waits. 30 John Tibbits Jur Timo Robinson Jur 87 Jus. Evens, Tert 353
Sam' Cearl Jur . 257 Abner Young. 88 Richmond Ilenderson 249 Josiah Clark 61 72
Sum Hall
Thoa Roberts, Ters 194 375 Ilumphrey Fost. 333
Benja Roberts Jnr.
Elijah Tuttle.
324 Sam' Weymouth 184
Joshua Cenney.
77
To the Estate of Morrice Hobbs 140
174
Edwd Clowtman
107
John Cloutman
43
Benja Demerritt 406
Panl Cenney
217
Wm Hussey
191
Ichabod Cenney
254
Henry Bussel.
187
James Bussel
336 319
To the Estate of Tristram
Solo Emerson 334
401
Thos Wille Jur
168 To the Estate of Sam Tibhits .. 185 To the Estate uf Zach Boody. 256 Benja Jones. 112 John Jones 40
Jos. Cromwell. 73
Sam' Cromwell
Simon Winget
210
[p. 217] James Layton 292 Daniel Plummer. 149
Richd Plummer 86 Francis Drew 365
Daniel Jacobs 234 Jobn Harvey 55
Zach Bunker. 337
Sam Jackson 74
Daniel Bunker. 110
Benja Cenney 236
9
Wm Norroway .. 177
Timo Cearl 326
Wm Wellard.
1- 250
Hatevil Hall
316
Stephen Wille
Eben® Pinkham 377 Jona Young, Jn 161
Richd Pinkham Jur 383
Sam! Jones Jur
307
Sam1 Varney 280 Benja Allen. 54
Nat1 Ham. 139 Jos. Tibbits, Tert 359
Isaac Ilanson. 397 Nicolas Tuttle 371
The Men whose Names are Mentioned in the fourth List which is Next Recorded were appointed to have one sixth part of a whole Share of the Commons Lands in Dover by the Committe Choosen for the Propor- tioning of the Same.
Capt Jolin Gage. 395
Wm Busby 389
180 IIngh Conner ... 343 Mr Sam' Lamb
Mr John Yeaton 213 Isaac Libbee .. 308
Hatevil Layton. 223
John Yeatou Jur 333
Sam Walton .. 390 Natt Frost. 245
Morrice Fowler. 360 Benja Bodge. 64
Thon Miller. 363 John Brown 202
John Row. 350
John Mnckkleroy 239 Nich Brock 57
James Witherel. 8
Sam Merrow 178 Moses Stevens 56
CHAPTER CXV1.
DOVER .- (Continued.)
John Foy. 76
Mesheck Drew 167
John Daniel Jur. 155
Benje Evens. 369
Jos. Evens Jur, 132
Robert Hansen 209
Nath Garland 313
Henry Bickford
221
8 ... ' Ham [Horn ?]
Mr John Garland ...
201 230
Jos. Wentworth 321
Thos Wentworth. 85 Richd Gooden. 176
42 Jon& Merrow. 195 Jos. Bickford
Sam Holden. 229 5 Sam1 Stiles.
James Nute, Jnr
410
Wm Allen .. 382 75
To the Estate of Francis Drew
To the Estate of John Bunker
To the Estate of Benje Hanson
Job Demerritt.
Benedictus Tar .. 135
Henry Rines 19
105 Anthony Jones
W'm Brown
255
Benja Bunker. 225
Thos Pinkham Jur 243
Zach Field.
Jon& Church. 219
Elear Wrar, Jur
278
Shadrach Hodgdon. 16
lleard. 358
James Jackson
Paul Gerrish, Jur.
Tinie Muses Jur. 198
French and Indian War .- The last year in which Dover blood was shed upon Dover soil was in 1725. Benjamin Evans and William Evans were the last victims. The Indians had been gradually driven back. Not long after the year 1700 they abandoned Pequaw- ket and returned to Canada. To carry the war into Canada was the defense of lower New Hampshire. The French provinces partially felt what they had inflicted upon others. We ean stop only to say that men of our ancient Dover were in the assault on Port Royal, in 1707, where Maj. Shadrach Wal- ton, an ancestor of the writer of this sketch, and a son of an carly Dover settler, and Capt. Chesley, of the Durham seetion, did the only ereditable thing there; they formed their companies on the open beach, charged on the enemy, who were behind a sea- wall, and carried the position by assault. Dover men were in the attack on Norridgewock in 1722. They were scouts in all the wars following. In 1745, at the capture of Louisburg, Dover furnished a company, in which, as lieutenant, was Thomas Westbrook Wal- dron, great-grandson of the old major slain in the massacre of 1689, and the one who built the Waldron house, still standing on Second Street, and a company led by Capt. Samnel Hale. Old Dover furnished two companies for Crown Point, in 1755, and another the same year for Albany, under Paul Gerrish. In the expedition against Crown Point, in 1756, Samuel Ger- rish led one company, and brave John Titeomb another,-that John Titeomh who lived in the original building which grew into the Dover Hotel, and of whose descendants is the wife of Prof. John R. Var- ney. In 1757 the western part of Dover sent a com- pany, and John Titcomb commanded a second. It was part of this battalion which, after the surrender of Fort William Henry, was abandoned by Montcalm to the Indians, who killed eighty out of the one hundred and twenty New Hampshire men. Immediately old Dover furnished more men, and stout Maj. Thomas Tash led a battalion, the brave soldier who became a colonel in the war of the Revolution, whose great- grandson, George W. Tash, is now a citizen of Dover. John Titcomb was lieutenant-colonel of still another regiment raised in New Hampshire, on whose rolls were many Dover men. Col. Atkinson's regiment, for Canada in 1759, which served at the reduction of Fort Niagara, had Dover recruits. In Col. Goffe's regiment for the invasion of Canada, in 1760, was one company whose roll is full of Dover names. Dover men were at the capture of Ticonderoga, and in the reduction of Canada.
The muster-roll of Capt. Samuel Hale's company was preserved by his grandson, William Hale, of Dover, whose father, William Hale, was member of Congress, and the roll transferred to Nathaniel Low,
800
HISTORY OF STRAFFORD COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
a captain in the recent war, great-grandson of Capt. Samuel Hale.
Belknap, speaking of the New Hampshire Volun- teers, says, " By the 17th of February two hundred and fifty men were enlisted for the service." New Hampshire furnished in all three hundred and fifty men, under command of Col. Samuel Moore; not in- cluding one hundred and fifty men raised in our province, but in the pay of Massachusetts. New Hampshire furnished one-eighth of the entire force raised in New England, a less proportion than at ! Bunker Hill, where more than one-half were from our State.
The paper is a regular muster-roll, made out for payment, with printed title, headings, and rules; the print occupying twelve inches in breadth and fifteen in height.
The printed title reads thus, a blank for name of captain being filled with the pen :
" A Muster-Roll of the Company in His Majesty's Service under the Command of Samuel Hale Captain.
Then come, on ruled columns, the following head- ings, and in the following order, the numbers being prefixed by us :
1. Men's Names.
2. Quality.
3. Of what Town.
4. Names of Fathers and Masters, of Sons under Age, and Servants.
5. Time of Entrance in the Service. Months. Days.
6. Till what Time in the Service. Months. Days.
7. Whole Time of Service. Weeks. Days.
8. Province Arms. Weeks.
9. The whole of Wages due to each Man.
10. What each Man received of the Commissary, etc.
11. Balance due to each Man.
In the first column there are fifty-three nanies, as below. The residences, when Dover, we omit.
The "Time of entrance in the Service" is given only in the case of the captain, but apparently is in- tended to include the whole company, viz., February 13th.
"Till what Time in the Service" is given in but twenty-two cases. These we note below.
"The whole of wages due to each Man" and " Bal- lance due to each Man" are blank.
A solitary indorsement on the outside says, " N.B. The prices of things in this Muster Roll are Set down in old Tenor. S. H."
Other items we note in each case :
Samuel Hale, Captain, Dover. Entrance Feb. 13. In the service till Octr 1,-32 weeks, 6 days. Received of the Commissary, 19 shil- lings, 6 pence. Moses Wingett, Lieutenant.
Clement Ham, Ensigu.
Eleazar Young, Sergeant.
Benjamin Lebby, Sergeant. a. Samuel Heard, Sergeant. a. c.
John Bussell, Sergeant.
John Giles, Corporal. a. c. Samuel Tihbets, Corporal. c.
Thomas Perkins, Corporal. Rochester.
Reuben Gray, Corporal. a.
John Hubbard, Drummer. Samuel Merrow, Rochester.
Jacob Bussell. Father John Bussell.
Ichabod Hill. a. d.
John Titcomb. c.
John Hussey.
Benjamin Stanton. Father Ben. Stanton. a. Josiah Clark. Father Josiah Clark. a.
R. Kenny Waldron. a.
Stephen Evans. Master Elilm Hayes. a.
Ebenezer Cook. c.
Joseph Abbot. Samuel Watson. c. Daniel Wingett.
Thomas Ash. b.
Archibald Smith.
Daniel Lebby. Master, David Daniels. a. d.
William Glidden.
John Forse. a.
William Thompson, Rochester.
Nicholas Grace. Master, William Gerrish. a. d.
Joseph Berrey. a.
Paul Nute.
Love Kenney. Morrice Fowler.
David Kinket. Master, Wm. Damm. a.
Zebulon Drue. c. John Gowell.
Richard Harris. a.
Jacob Hossom. a. c.
John Smith.
Thomas Roberts. Master, Samuel Roberts. a. d. Nathaniel Perkins. Master, Samuel Roberts. a. d.
D. Henry Sleeper. Portsmouth. Master, Joseph Buss.
D. Sam. Indian, Portsmouth. Master, Richard Salter.
D. Samuel Hunt [Huntress on another slip], Portsmouth.
D. Eliphalet Ring, Portsmouth.
D. Joseph Nelson, Portsmouth. Master, Charles Hoit.
D. Jonathan Stoodley, Portsmouth.
D. George Damm. Portsmouth. Master Solo- mon [? Reede].
D. Theophilus Damm, Newington.
Benjamin Bunker, Clerk, Durham. a. Louisburg, Octr 1st, 1745.
Errors Excepted.
Sam11 Hale.
Wm Wi ..... .... Commissary.
801
DOVER
a. In service until October 1,-32 weeks, 6 days.
b. In service until May 20,-13 weeks, 5 days.
c. Received of the Commissary, one pair of Moga- sons.
d. Received of the Commissary, one pound four shillings.
D. "Dranghted Men."
It was through such conflicts that these genera- tions were prepared for the war of the Revolution.
CHAPTER CXVII.
DOVER .- (Continued.)
The Revolutionary War .- The sympathies of Dover in the Revolutionary struggle were almost without exception upon the patriotic side. It had few office holders tosympathize with their employers. The teachings of Rev. Jeremy Belknap from the pulpit were bold and inspiring.
The first utterance which is found from Dr. Belk- nap bearing upon the subject which was beginning to enlist the thoughts of our fathers occurs in a ser- mon which he preached Nov. 10, 1772, before His Majesty's Governor, John Wentworth, Esq., at a re- view of the Second Regiment of Foot in Dover. New Hampshire had been inured to military service through its long period of war with the Indians. An old law required every male inhabitant from sixteen to sixty years of age to own a musket, bayonet, knapsack, cartridge-box, one pound of powder, twenty bullets, and twelve flints. This militia was organized into companies and regiments, and subject to frequent drills. The muster-day and the review was a great occasion. Dover was a centre of this military stir. At this gathering here in November, 1772, the royal Governor, John Wentworth, came up from Ports- mouth. Capt. Walderne, a member of this church, and a staunch friend of his pastor, had invited Dr. Belknap to preach to the troops. The subject chosen by the preacher was " Military Duty." In the course of the sermon he spoke as follows on the necessity of self-defense :
" IIas the all-wise and merciful Parent of the uni- verse furnished the brute and reptile creation with the necessary instruments of defense, and does the instinct which he has implanted in them prompt them to make use of these weapons for their own subsist- ence and security ? and has He not implanted in man- kind a natural courage or martial spirit and given them skill and power to provide themselves with all the necessary instruments of defense, and can it be supposed that we must make no use of these gifts of nature, even when Providence points out the neces- sity ? Do we guard our fields from devouring beasts, our houses and bodies from the rigors of the weather, and shall we not have the privilege of defending our
lives, our liberties, our property, our families, our civil government from hostile invaders? Must we tamely yield to every lawless usurper and suffer tyrants to sport with the lives and estates of man- kind? Must all these laws, which the wisdom and experience of ages have founded, must the sacred bonds of society, the peace, the welfare, the happiness of mankind be sacrificed to the impetuous rage of a foreign conqueror ? Forbid it, reason and conscience ; forbid it, ye heroic worthies of old, who through faith subdued kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of liars, quenched the violence of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, out of weakness were made strong, waxed valiant in fight, turned to flight the armies of the aliens."
The officers of the Second Regiment of Foot were so pleased with this address that they asked a copy for the press.
The General Assembly of New Hampshire was in session in May this year, 1774. Conformably to the proceedings of the Assemblies of other colonies, the representatives in this province appointed a Commit- tee of Correspondence. Governor Wentworth inter- fered. He adjourned the Assembly. The members met again. The Governor with a sheriff came among them. He declared their meeting illegal. The sheriff made proclamation for all persons to disperse and keep the king's peace. The members met again, and determined to send letters to all the towns and parishes in the province, requesting them to send deputies to a convention at Exeter, who should choose delegates to a General Congress to meet at Phila- delphia. This was the first movement for rallying the whole of the people of New Hampshire in the great contest. Attached to this most important letter to the several towns was this brief proclamation : "Considering the Distressing situation of our public affairs, Thursday, the 14th inst., is recommended to be kept as a day of Fasting, Humiliation, and Prayer through this Province."
The day was observed here in Dover with special religious solemnity. On that occasion, July 14, 1774, Dr. Belknap preached a sermon which bears this title, "On Account of the Difficulties of the King." The text was from 1 Sam. viii. 18: " And ye shall cry out in that day because of your king which ye shall have chosen you ; and the Lord will not hear yon in that day." A most pertinent text. In this sermon he says :
" It is, my brethren, a very dark day to these Amer- ican colonies. Burdens and taxes are laid upon us by the Parliament of Great Britain, and the most forcible attempts are made to bring us to a submis- sion, and what further is intended we know not, but we have reason to fear much, considering how highly they are incensed against us, and what power they have to carry their determination into execution. . .. When a ruler departs from these principles, and sets up any other rule of government than the laws and
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